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I've had the idea to try and learn how to Program 6502 Assembly for my Commodore PET, but I'm a little lost on what the best source is on learning this stuff, especially for a beginner who is yet unfamiliar with its full Architecture and Quirks!
Thus far I've tried looking at Books from the PETs Period, but those do expect quite a bit of pre-knowledge in Computing, which for me includes a tiny bit of Python and Commodore Basic...
I am a computer professional that helps the public with technology. I have been troubleshooting computer problems for over 25 years. To find out more about me, visit my home page.
Mahmoud, age 17, said that his Israeli abductors "began hurling insults, cursing at us, and accusing us of being with Hamas."
"They stripped us of our clothes and took us to Kerem Shalom, completely naked, with nothing," he continued. "There, the beatings and torture began."
"The Israeli women soldiers beat us. They stripped us and 'played' here, and here, and there," Mahmoud said, indicating his genitals. "They beat us with sticks. Got on us while we were lying on the ground. We were handcuffed like that and naked."
Mahmoud said his captors wanted to humiliate him and other teenage boys in custody, accusing the troops of taking nude photos of them and sending female soldiers to mock and touch his body—an especially shameful ordeal for Muslims.
I'm looking for a laptop that is very compact in size, and relatively cheap. The more internal storage the better. A detachable keyboard and touchscreen would be nice too but aren't essential.
I plan to install Linux mint on it and just use it for light tasks and file management, so it doesn't need to be too powerful.
Avoid lenovo. Their build quality went to crap and they're easily the least repairable laptop on the market these days.
I've had to repair 4 lenovos within the last few years. Cheap parts and the laptops all had their keyboards plastic rivited to the top shell of the chassis, making it impossible to replace without buying a new chassis. One of the laptops had to have two motherboard replacements before it was usable.
Their all-in-one doesn't have a frame around the LCD panel, and they didn't put access doors in the back panel. So if you want to upgrade the ram or ssd you have a 70% chance of breaking the screen.
when I used debian 12.7 xfce I somehow installed something that allowed me to access my android device as an external disk and copy data there simply plugin in the usb cable.
This should just work if your Android device's USB mode is set to Mass Storage, no extra software needed on the PC. It'll just show up like a thumb drive.
File permissions change when transfering between external drives and laptop
I noticed a few years ago that when I transfer files back and forth between my laptop and my external drive all the files that I have transfered have changed permissions.
I format all my external drives as exFAT so I can use larger files.
Why does this happen?
Is there a better way to keep the file permissions intact when transfering files back and forth between external drives?
This is absolutely normal. FAT/exFAT do not support unix permissions (let alone Linux ext4's any special flags etc). So each time you copy files there, the permissions and all other flags are lost or get bad in general.
To save your permissions you have two options:
Zip/targzip or xz your linux files before you copy them on your fat drives. Preferably on files that overall aren't larger than 1 gb, just to avoid other weird problems.
Exfat does not support permissions, so when it gets moved to the drive, that information is lost.
If permission information is important to you and compatibility with non-linux devices isn't, you can reformat the device as ext4 to support all linux features.
exFAT is a Microsoft creation that (unsurprisingly) doesn't understand or preserve Linux-style file permissions. Neither did any of the FAT varieties before it. So the permissions on the files when you get them back relate to the mount options you pass to the exFAT drive (in this case, you probably want to set dmask and fmask), or the permissions on the directory it's mounted to.
If you don't want to twiddle with mount options, you could reformat the external disks using Linux-native filesystems like ext4, but you'll lose the ability to mount them on Windows if you do that.
Thunars "allow this file to run as a program" is generally bugged. Always set to on for me on files like xml, md, json, so they execute on single-click instead of opening the default action. chmod -x doesn't change that checkmark either or only sometimes.
Btw, any file manager that is similiar in features (custom actions) and look but less crashy.
exfat or fat32 is great for interoperability between linux and windows but has limited functionality under linux.
If you're using your external drive only under linux, I suggest switching to a filesystem that works better with unix like permissions and special bits.
Also, like others, depending on your use-case I would suggest something with journaling like ext3 or ext4. If you happen to power of your system while writing something to that drive, the fs does not get corrupted/can automatically recover.
For backups with rollback maybe a FS with copy on write and automatic compression like btrfs or zfs would be better.
With btrfs borg backups allows you to create incremental backups of btrfs subvolumes. I use it to backup my home, etc and /subvolumes on my "backup server" (old pc with two raid1 hdds).
I have a friend who administeres backups for his company (afaik ~100-200GB delta per week) and he swears by zfs. I found btrfs simpler though.
I'm a Linux user since 1998 (my main desktop PC runs Debian), however I do have a couple of Macs around because I love their hardware (not so much the software though). In fact, I have three old MacBook Airs (mid-2011, 2012, 2015), all running Linux. The moment I got them, I erased MacOS and installed Linux pronto!
But my main laptop is a MacBook Air M1 with MacOS because it's much faster than these older Intel-based MacBook Airs. Modern web browsing and video editing requires a lot of processing power.
So, I want to move to have my main laptop running Linux too. I DON'T want to install Asahi Linux on my M1, because I don't consider it a proper solution for my needs (I want to run Resolve, you see, and most foss apps that I use would need recompiling). Also, I don't like that Asahi is dependent on MacOS to exist, because you can't boot with a usb to install it.
My issue is that I can't find ANYTHING on the PC market that is as slick or full featured as a MacBook Air (minus its limited ports). What I need is this:
Screen no larger than 13.3" inches, Full HD at least, preferably good color gamut (but not a must). I still need the laptop to be portable though. Basically, I'm not even asking for HDR, as the MacBook Air features.
Keyboard to have backlight, without the numpad (I hate these laptops where the touchpad is off center).
The touchpad needs to be glass or of equivalent feel. The Apple touchpads slide/glide with ease. I find every PC touchpad I've used so far to be "sticky". My finger on some Chromebooks and Dell/Lenovo laptops is doing a "grrrkkk, grrrkkkk" when I slide my finger! There's something special about Apple's touchpads, I dunno.
Intel 13th+ gen CPU, with passmark points over 17,000 on multi-threading. My M1 scores about 12,000 points, and it's 5 years old. So obviously I'd need something faster than what I have now.
Intel GPU (no AMD or Nvidia please, I need Intel's superior video decoding abilities). On a Mac that isn't a problem, because Apple does support these 10bit 4:2:2 codecs I need, with hardware acceleration. But on the PC side, only Intel provides good support for these without headaches (only the newest nvidias support that, but I don't want to use Nvidia for too many reasons -- AMD is a disaster on that video front btw). I don't play 3D games.
I need speakers that sound good. Every single PC laptop I've tried, had the worst sound ever. I need it to be hear-able on YouTube and not sound as if you're listening via a can. I bought a Thinkpad x280 a few months ago and I can't use it because its speakers are so bad! DELL (from 5 years ago that I tried) aren't better either.
I need a (supported) fingerprint reader!
32 GB of RAM.
1 TB of storage.
Below a $1800 price tag. That's the price I can get with a MacBook Air for all that.
Now, you might think that "well, it seems that you just want a new MacBook", but that's not true. I want a PC laptop so I can run Debian Linux instead of MacOS. But I need it to be a laptop that is "proper" by my own standards. The quality of the interaction between my palms, fingers, eyes and PC laptops IS NOT the same as with any Apple laptop I've ever used. The reason people buy Apple hardware is NOT because "MacOSX is lickable" (as it was suggested many years ago by Jobs). I've actually researched the "why". It's because the INTERACTION of your senses and the laptop's design/quality FITS. It's like a glove for one another. It's difficult to explain but I know it now to be true. It was never MacOSX itself (although MacOSX's gui smoothness helps the overall experience).
So the question is: am I missing that special, Linux-compatible, PC laptop somewhere? If you know that such a laptop exists, please reply with a link. I'll buy it in a heartbeat.
This is a serious post btw. I spent the whole weekend trying to find that mythical PC laptop, and I can't. I'm frustrated.
EDIT: I might end up with the Framework 13. Not 100% what I'm after, but probably the best solution right now.
EDIT 2: I bought a DELL 5640 16" laptop, 32 GB RAM, i7 cpu, that comes with Linux pre-installed (so I know it's compatible). It ticks all my boxes except the size and the trackpad being off center. Oh well.
How's the build quality compared to other brands, particularly macbooks? I haven't found a brand with even remotely the same build quality as a macbook.
I'm sure you have, I spec'ed one earlier today. But I can't find ANYWHERE in their docs or spec pages if it has a fingerprint reader or not. And when spec'ed similarly, it was more expensive than a macbook air ($2065 compared to $1800). And I still don't know about the quality of its trackpad or speakers.
I have a first gen, and it does. There was some coding stickiness, and (i haven't been able to solve) a key that the fingerprint reader doesn't get access too. The effect is that it logs you in and then you get a pop-up that asks for your system password (though you can start using right away). I'm only a junior level coder though, ans just haven't solved it- others might have.
Imo, the framework might mostly meet your spec. I came from a 2012 mac and the build quality and feel are the best I've seen in a non-apple laptop.
One comment on audio, I find mine can be tinny, verging in crappy. This may have been upgraded in more recent models.
Finally, I know you don't want AMD, but they have an AMD AI motherboard that I thought looked very interesting, at least for complex processing. Perhaps it will be of value to explore further? Just a thought.
I have a 16, not a 13, but: - it does have a supported fingerprint reader (at least on Fedora) - spec it without RAM and SSD and buy them elsewhere. You can save several hundred [currency unit]s. - the trackpad is glass and is quite good for a PC. Definitely not current-gen MacBook Pro-level. - The speakers are meh. I'd say ok-tier for a PC, nowhere near a MacBook Pro either.
Framework laptops are expensive, but you buy repairability and upgradability. A lot of parts have already been improved in the 5(?) years the FW13 has been around.
Thank you, I think this puts it well. I'm not sure yet if I want to compromise or not, to be honest. I was hoping there's a well-designed PC laptop out there.
In fact, 2 years ago I bought a levovo (16,000 passmark points, touchscreen, unfortunately large). I thought "ok, I'll compromise". But the moment my fingers touched the touchpad, I just couldn't use it. It was just terrible. Sticky, and NOWHERE to disable the terrible tap-n-drag (I had left it with Windows11 back then).
That laptop now belongs to my niece. I just gave it away (and it was our fastest machine at our house at the time!).
Sorry if I'm wrong, but I'm guessing the problem you have is: - you're used to Apple trackpads that are really good - although other trackpads aren't exactly unusable or worse in performance, you don't want to use them because they feel worse
consider using a trackpoint instead of a touchpad, that way you don't have a point of comparison for it to "feel worse" (trackpoint is superior anyway)
i have the same kinda thing with not wanting to give up my thinkpad keyboard, and ofc i don't want a modern shitty laptop keyboard but I'll probably have to swallow it some day
There’s three threads recommending framework 13. I commented in one. I actually own a new 13 with all the latest stuff. It comes close, but it’s not a Mac.
The trackpad works really good except it has a lot of play in it - it’s annoying.
I’ve seen better screens. Yes I have the newest one, no it’s not terrible - but there’s better out there.
The speakers are just ok. Not bad, just ok.
The 13 craftsmanship wise is amazing. My father in law just bought the 16. That one has fit issues with the trackpad and the spacers on either side of it.
Fingerprint readers on both and they work great. No touchscreen.
Battery life is good. Macs are better. My 13 goes about 6-7 hours of continual “normal use”. If I’m using teams for a video call, it’s significantly less - maybe 3 hours. Games - depends on the game but that can drain it in a couple of hours. You cannot under any circumstances go an entire day+ of continuous use without charging.
They are both fantastic linux machines (frameworks) and I highly recommend them. But the hardware is not Mac perfect despite what others say. Just trying to be real here - sounds like you have high expectations and I’d hate for you to buy an expensive laptop and be dissatisfied.
Part of me wants to plug Thinkpad E16 as the cheapest new laptop you can get away with, but if the trackpad is the same one that drives you insane. Honestly, I don’t really care about the trackpad because I exclusively use Trackpoint.
Also, I would call the speakers mediocre, but honestly, I rarely listen to audio on my laptop, so they may be total crap.
I feel like I'm in the same boat. I don't have a solution, just wanted to say I understand your perspective.
I've completely ditched Microsoft from my life and I'd love to ditch Apple too, but there's just nothing on the market I've seen which matches the build and usability of macbook hardware.
With the old Intel macs it was simple enough to run Linux but now with Apple Silicon it's not on the cards. I love what the Asahi team have been doing and I hope they keep doing it, but it's not ready for primetime yet.
And so I've reached the same annoying conclusion - for the moment I'm stuck with Mac, and therefore stuck with macos too.
Dell XPS 13 checks all your boxes except good speakers.
I have the XPS 15 9510 model. Intel 13th gen i7, backlit keyboard, great trackpad, sleek design. It came with 16GB ram but I replaced with 32.
I bought it "refurb" on eBay last May SPECIFICALLY because I wanted the most Mac-like PC. Running Arch Linux from day one and it's been rock solid and super fast. The speakers aren't great and the mic is pretty bad. But I usually use headphones or external speakers when docked.
I honestly am very happy with it and it was only like $550.
I spent a bunch of time before this comparing new computers; between Thinkbooks, Framework, Tuxedo, XPS. In the end I decided what I wanted didn't require it to be new. I was only concerned about degraded battery but I can replace that myself when the time comes.
I don't want to plug the seller but they're constantly selling these on eBay so you'll probably see them if you search.
Side note I disabled the NVIDIA GPU and only use the Intel iGPU which has saved a lot of battery.
btw, can you really replace the ssd/ram on these xps 13s? I found one afor $1700, and in greece they ask for $2500 if you spec it with 32gb of ram. But if I can replace it myself easily, that would be nice.
Unfortunately I believe Apple hardware is unsurpassed when it comes to solid builds, care into details, functionalities and beautiful appearances.
I've been using Linux for over 20 years, never had problems making my desktops look good and work fine with the right cases and components, but laptops? meh
Only once in 20 years I found one that I like aesthetically and has all the compatible hardware (full Intel only), I got it at half the price because they weren't making it anymore...
I already have 5 laptops. Laptops that range from 2800 passmark points to 5500 points (older Chromebooks usually clock between 1400 and 4000 points, so yours is probably in that range). I use these laptops as testbeds mostly, not as my main laptops for work/browsing. I need something faster than my M1 Macbook Air (which clocks 14,000 points -- and that's already 5 years old). So a 6th refurbished, old, slow laptop won't do the job.
In fact, funnily enough, I've done the same mistake with video cameras back in the day. I was buying cheaper stuff, thinking that one feature here, or one feature there would make out for not buying a more expensive camera. They weren't enough. I had to wait to 2024 to actually find the video camera that I was looking for in 2011.
Same for phones. Even after the popularization of the iphone and android, I still didn't like them. I had to wait until about 2018-or-so, to feel that they had matured to the level I envisioned them 15 years earlier!
I guess I have certain ideas on what I want from hardware and anything less doesn't cut it...
I have a framework 13 running Linux. It’s fantastic - but it’s not up to the high bar OP has laid out (IMO).
The screen is nice - but I’ve seen nicer. The trackpad works well, but the fit has a little bit to be desired - it’s no apple trackpad. The speakers are ok. Not bad, just ok. It’s also pricey.
If OP can compromise on those things, then yes, it’s probably as close to Mac hardware as he’ll get.
You can vastly improve any laptops speakers with "easy effects" but some peeps have gone to great length to create a profile for the framework laptops:
I can’t edit my original post anymore, so it’s here again 🙂 A little while ago I’ve made and posted a DSP profile for Easy Effects This time I’ve added proper response curve calibration with HiFiScan, and it sounds better than ever.
Its what I got from work, its pretty nice quality I have to say.
Usually a functional thinkpad guy, but the screen, trackpad, build, specs, all very good. Keyboard could be better but if you're coming from a Mac then it will be just fine.
Modern web browsing...requires a lot of processing power.
It definitely doesn't. What it does require is a bit of RAM, which Apple intentionally sold in insufficient quantities for thousands of dollars, and judging by local classified boards, that's almost exclusively what everyone bought.
Intel 13th+ gen CPU, with passmark points over 17,000 on multi-threading.
AMD is and has been the superior processor for quite some time now, both in speed and efficiency.
Intel GPU
Well...you are severely limiting your options there. I've never even seen Intel mobile GPUs, personally.
I need a (supported) fingerprint reader!
Yeah that's gonna be very tough also.
Below a $1800 price tag. That's the price I can get with a MacBook Air for all that.
You're looking for a niche product, which, if it even exists, will have niche pricing.
I spent the whole weekend trying to find that mythical PC laptop, and I can't. I'm frustrated.
Unless you're willing to make compromises somewhere, I don't think you're going to.
I can tell you I recently got a Lenovo Yoga Pro, and it rivals Apple in terms of build quality. It has the best laptop keyboard I've ever used, by a longshot.
I was in a very similar situation when shopping for my current laptop so here are my thoughts: I set out looking for a lightweight and relatively powerful 13" Linux laptop and ended up with an M4 MacBook Air. Despite what a lot of people wanna say, the MacBook Air is one of the best deals you can get for an ultrabook, especially on these newer generations, as others I've looked at struggle to compete in performance per watt while at the same price point and with lower build quality. Seems to me that with the requirements you've listed, you will have to compromise on a few things if you want the advantages of running Linux.
The FW13, best fit I can think of, is a wonderful machine, you will probably have a good time with it, but it certainly does not have as good of a build quality, battery life nor UX refinement as a MacBook. The difference isn't massive but it is there. These are common compromises when you buy into more ethical tech.
I was about to suggest the framework as well, but I don't have to 😀 I would just add that the build quality is at least equal to any mainstream brand like Dell or Lenovo, and you also gain in reapairability/upgradability which will make this laptop last forever (every single piece is replaceable) or upgradable for a fraction of the price of a new laptop.
Warnings:
This post is my thoughts after one day of use of a new laptop I’ve been waiting for 1.5 year, so I’m still under endorphins. I’ve spent $1,200 in an under powered machine, so I’m biased.
My issue is that I can’t find ANYTHING on the PC market that is as slick or full featured as a MacBook Air (minus its limited ports).
Hi. Typing this on M2 Air, running Gentoo. 👋
The limited ports drive me crazy too, but what's maybe EVEN MORE frustrating, is the glossiness of the screen. It is not that good to be used outside, especially because it is dust and finger print magnet. I'm constantly wiping the screen. One thing that smudges the display seems to be the fact that some parts of the base touches the display when the lid is closed. Bad design, or I may just have a faulty specimen. The touchpad is needlessly big, but isn't really a problem. My wrist can't bend so that I could move my finger easily from corner to corner. 😁 Touchpad haptic stuff is nice when dragging. Keyboard is... meh. Nothing special. Then there's the money problem. You have to spend ridiculous amounts of money to jump off from the base model. I have 256GB/8GB model. The least I should have accepted is 16Gigs of RAM. I got this Air for only for 300 euros (luck was involved), so a money well spent to get to know current Apple HW. But still... I feel I barely made a good deal (because my last laptop was Matebook D with the same amount of RAM and 1TB NVMe SSD). I'll keep using this until I cannot cope with the amount of RAM anymore.
Battery life, performance and passively cooled CPU are the main highlights. Oh and the DAC can drive high impedance heaphones (I have Beyerdynamic DT-770 250 Ohm). I'm most disappointed to the display. The LCD under the glass is fine, but the glass itself is just horrible design. From now on: I choose only matte displays.
I think you're much better off with Framework. I think that'll be eventually my choice too.
On the off chance that you’re still reading responses to this post:
I repair electronics, everything from automotive to industrial to audio to computers and phones. Not just screwdriver work either, bga rework and microscopic trace repair. I’m speaking from years of hands in experience with lots of computers, tablets, phones, amplifiers, plcs, ecus, and anything else you can think of plus countless hours of exercise helping people figure out what to buy, weather to repair, what to change and how a failure happened.
Get the mac.
You are describing the choice as being between the linux support level and the quality of other laptops. One is constantly improving, currently only falling short of your expectations due to requiring the existence of the computers native os and requiring you to maybe compile some stuff, the other begins below your expectations and cannot meet them. No one’s gonna push a free update that fixes the fit and finish or shitty trackpad of a computer.
Get the hardware you need.
Also, macs are secretly extremely repairable. People don’t like that they can’t just get in there and fuck around with a jewelers screwdriver and guitar pick, but it’s easy to find a qualified shop around you to fix whatever’s wrong with the computer. There’s always tons of replacement parts available, first party support docs (for shops that can prove they are real businesses) and third party info of all kinds.
Thank you for the lucid reply. I already got a DELL 5640 16" laptop in the interim. It ticks all my boxes except the large size and the off centered trackpad. Otherwise it's ok. Nothing amazing, but it's fast and with a lot of RAM for the $765 euros that I paid.
Both Russia and Ukraine have veto power over any peace deal. If Russia doesn't agree to this, they will keep fighting. US and EU might put tripwire forces in Ukraine to deter future aggression but they won't just enter the existing conflict.
MTG's name is so unfortunate. She gives TCGs a bad name, not that the game isn't shitting on its own IP right now either.
Anyway nobody wants the association with her. She's about as psychotic as it gets. So it seems really weird that she'd post something reasonable along the lines of "screw Hamas, but not the innocents getting war crimed" (paraphrasing of course).
I have a hard time believing she's the one who wrote that. It's not impossible, but something more in her camp would be blaming "the Jews" for collaborating with aliens from the Andromeda Galaxy to try and take over the Middle East or something.
Anyway, if she really did write that, then for as little as it does being nothing more than text on social media, it's at least worth acknowledging. Not praising - she gets that if she starts trying to unfuck the US, which probably won't happen. But acknowleding, sure.
Idk man. She's been talking about leaving the Republican party, about women's issues, labor issues, and she's been calling the genocide a genocide. I'm not sold that she has fully woken up and smelled the roses, but she is definitely having some change of heart.
My loose theory is this: the whole MAGA movement is powered by people who (rightfully) believe the American system is broadly working against them. As a result, they distrust any authority or expert on anything and accept the first contrarian viewpoint they hear. I think there's a possibility that MAGA politics has gotten so widespread that she's too contrarian to accept it. I doubt she's actually seeing the world as it is, but there's a possibility she's become more open to other contrarian narratives. We'll see if that's true. Luckily, I'm not a constituent of her's so I don't have to think about it that hard.
The alternative that I've heard is that this "change of heart" isn't genuine and it's just to gain power. I can't rule that out but her actions haven't been those of a greedy power-grabber. I think she's often been true to her principles even when that hurts her politically. Her principles are fucked up and based on a warped world-view, but I think she is principled.
Pam Bondi is the example I would give for someone that is just going for power. When she was doing the whole Epstein thing, it was made into a big media circus with influencers and no real substance. I think she saw this as her moment to become a rising star on the right, without much thought to the crimes or justice of the situation. That didn't work out for her, but the intentions behind the actions were pretty clear. If MTG is just making power plays, she's pretty bad at it.
she has a vested interest in this through putin, why. because israels "other enemy" is IRAN and they attacked them recently, the last thing putin(thats why putins troll farm was allowing epstein talk to go through his channels" want is israel setting thier sites on iran, which deliver drones other parts to russia.
round about 14 forum pages with few followers each and a total of 18 profiles with contacts in the activityPub and diaspora community and some RSS subscriptions. No other specific conectors are enabled.
DB backups amount to ~180MiB and the image file storage folder on ftp around ~400MiB.
Friendica stable | 'Giant Rhubarb' 2023.05 - 1518 PHP Version 8.1.2-1ubuntu2.14 VPS server | Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 4 Core CPU, 8 GB Ram with 300GB NVME Disk - unlimited traffic hosted by @ raroun 👍
Notes: This instances right now seems to work well. Sometimes this profile here has some strange hickups like when following up the link of a post from this server in a stream view a message "Not Found |The requested item doesn't exist or has been deleted." Also right now profiles from contacts, for example @ hoergen or @ feb don't show up in the contact list but they are displayed as followed in the profile contact page.
I'm a member of the flotilla and preparing to leave for Gaza soon hopefully. A lot hanging on logistics and other things still but I will know more the coming days.
We will set sail in September. I hope to be be able to update a bit on these channels and setting up new accounts for this purpose.
Any tips, shares and discussions are welcomed and I hope to be be able to update on the journey a bit here.
Official updates will be made from official accounts but this will be my personal experience and as a backup for when other communications no longer are available.
I've tried switching to Linux from Windows 10 twice now. The first time went wonderfully (on Mint) until I found out that secure boot was stuck in the enabled mode and I had to completely reinstall my bios. This was absolutely necessary as everything was unbelievably slow, especially gaming (on a decent laptop). I understand this is totally my fault as almost every Linux guide says to make sure secure boot is disabled. After fighting with that for literal days, I finally reinstalled Linux mint. WiFi was suddenly completely nonfunctional, no networks were detected, and none of the proposed solutions I saw online worked. I have very little experience with Linux and other complicated tech nerd stuff besides that which comes with tinkering with computers occasionally. I do however have a great deal of patience and stubbornness. I spent maybe a week or 2 just working on this first attempt at making Mint work, until I ran out of patience. After coming back to it a month or 2 later, I decided to try Pop!_OS. Once again, it went incredibly at the start. Because I fixed the secure boot situation, I could now game better than I ever could when I had windows installed. Very few compatibility issues showed up that I couldn't conquer. Suddenly, I try playing Enter the Gungeon after having already played it a couple of times. Nothing out of the ordinary, I had done this before. Suddenly the entire computer freezes and I can still hear just fine. I restart my computer and... no sound. Nothing from any possible source, not Discord, not Firefox, not even the media I have downloaded. I look up the problem, I see several people have had it before, and only a couple ever got a solution. I try EVERY proposed solution on any forum with even similar issues, and still nothing. I have been fighting with my computer for 3 or 4 hours now. I've heard Linux praised for feeling like it is *your* computer that is subject to your will. I'd disagree right now, because it feels like there are spirits in my laptop trying to intentionally fuck me over every time I start enjoying the Linux experience. Does it get better? Am I crazy? Am I haunted? How is this anyone's ideal experience?
edit: I'm on an MSI Thin GF63. Nvidia GPU, Intel CPU. Compatibility seemed fine WHILE this latest attempt was working, up until my sound got fucked. I have a hard time imagining if that could be related to anything besides my sound card and drivers, but I'm nowhere near savvy when it comes to Linux. I'm now installing Bazzite as some of you guys recommended so I can ease myself into this whole Linux thing. I'll give another update if this fixes it :3
edit edit: It's still happening. I can see the "Alder Lake PCH-P high definition audio controller" in my audio config GUI apps and I can see the meter moving when audio is playing. Still, nothing is played. I am not dual-booting. Ive seen people have had issues with this card before, but seemingly the only solution (that I've yet to try) is to buy a whole new laptop. I don't have the money to do that currently. If someone is particularly tech savvy I am willing to hear out proposed solutions, but know that I have tried nearly everything online even remotely related to broken audio on Linux. My computer is haunted and I'll need a proper qualified exorcist it seems. note: it works with Bluetooth headphones. I haven't had a chance to test it with wired headphones but I will continue to give (near)real-time updates.
Does it get better? Not particularly, no. It doesn't get any easier to bear, you'll never get used to it, you just stop caring so much. it won't hurt as hard because you just don't let it, not anymore. And its horrible, it sounds selfish. But there's never going to be a time where you won't wake up with their face fresh in your thoughts, you just won't care, you can't keep caring. you got work in two hours and you have to keep moving, you can't let it slow you down, you can't stop going. the world didn't stop going, nobody did, everything's as usual, you can't stop.
We still here for you though. After all linux is love, linux is live. We're definetly not a cult. Just give it a try. Linux Mint is super beginner friendly, trust me. Just once, you'll feel better afterwards.
Jokes aside, learning or doing something new (can be, but doesnt have to be linux) won't make anything better, but maybe make the drudgery of everyday more bearable, imo.
Also even though I hate it, talking about stuff that is on your mind with people irl is like super important and can be really cathartic.
Maybe your computer has hardware problems that manifest at random times as software problems. I personally got a Beelink mini PC for $160 (16 GB of ram), and it worked perfectly with Linux first time, no issues thereafter.
I followed every instruction on that page once it happened and still nothing. Even after a full reinstall. I'm worried it might be some bigger, harder-to-fix problem like something with my sound card. See my edit for a better update
To answer the main title question: it definitely can get better, especially if you're using common hardware with maintainers working to improve the code to handle them.
I'm one of the people with a mostly smooth Linux experience on my devices (I have similar values to other nerdy programmers and naturally purchase more similar or popular computers/parts, and I haven't really had brand new bleeding-edge computer parts, so that might give me better odds at a smoother experience), no weird audio/WiFi/GPU issues that you often see here. The only issues I have are so inconsequential they're not worth mentioning. And I've used the two OSs you've used.
In my limited experience, there are basically two flavors of Linux: 1) Latest software, everything's available but it breaks a lot. 2) Doesn't update frequently, might have to be cautious with third-party software but very stable.
As I've gotten busier, my preference for stable distros like Debian has grown. I think there's also a lot of value in trying for due diligence the first time you install a distro. It's much simpler to take the time and do it correctly than to try and fix it afterwards. Sometimes it takes a few attempts to get everything set up correctly, but it's worth it long term.
I used Windows growing up, switched to Linux in highschool on my personal machines, and was forced to use Mac for nearly 10 years at work. In my experience, they all have problems, and the worst part is always early on. After you've used them for a while and have gotten familiar/comfortable, the problems get easier to deal with, and switching back (or on to something new) becomes more daunting/uncomfortable than dealing with what you have. So in that sense, yes, it will get easier.
Also, as hardware ages, you often see better support (though laptops can be tricky, as they are not standardized).
Keep in mind, when you use Windows or Mac, you're using a machine built for that OS and (presumably) supported by the manufacturer for that OS (especially with custom drivers). If you give Linux the same advantage (buy a machine with Linux pre-installed, or with Linux "officially supported"), you're much more likely to have a similar, stable experience.
Also, I've had better stability with stock Ubuntu than its derivatives (Pop!_OS and Mint). It might be worth trying an upstream distro, to see if you have better stability.
Seconding just installing something easy and pre-setup. Try a desktop variant of Bazzite (I like the gnome flavour) and see if most of your issues just disappear.
I have just seen your edit. I had a similar problem with no audio but meter levels working on my toughbook. Could you start terminal, type alsamixer and turn all the volumes up? Press F6 to swap through sound cards.
It get's better with experience. I have nuked my system countless times at the beginning.
If you are too frustrated with Linux maybe give it a rest or consider dual-booting instead. It sound that you are frustrated and don't have a clear head to troubleshoot.
It was enabled and for some reason grayed out so I couldn't disable it. Looked up several solutions and nothing worked so I just updated my bios. That ended up working.
Your wifi issues with mint were probably driver related. Ive found especially for newer devices Linux mints kernel is too old and doesn't always fully support hardware. If you have access to Ethernet or USB hotspot you can likely download and install the newest kernel and fix that issue.
Mint is recommended for a reason, it's a traditional Linux experience, it's stable, and it looks familiar to newbies. Plus, lots of us Linux nerds use Debian/Ubuntu (what mint is based on) so it's easier for us to help you.
Driver support will always potentially be an issue unless you buy laptops that are built for Linux, or are well vetted. This is because Microsoft has near total market control and Linux support is usually reverse engineered later if the drivers source is never shared.
Same thing for gaming -- gaming support on Linux is mostly a bunch of ad hock hacks, because those games were never made to run on Linux in the first place.
So, if you want to commit to Linux, make it an informed choice. You will need to make some sacrifices. Or you could always just dip your toes and only use Linux for running a server or hosting a website.
Ask someone who drives a gasoline-powered car why they wouldn't want to get an electric one, and you're almost certain to hear this answer: they take way too...
Exactly, this is game changing stuff. I imagine this will have huge applications outside cars too. I can see this being really useful for stuff like buses, autonomous vehicles, or even robots.
With this release, bluetuith now has initial cross-platform support, and works on Windows. Windows specific instructions are here, tl;dr install haraltd and bluetuith together.
There are no new features introduced, only other optimisations and bug fixes for Linux.
I hope you enjoy this release, and any feedback is appreciated.
General Information
Bluetuith is a TUI based bluetooth manager for Linux, that aims to be an alternative to most bluetooth managers, and can perform bluetooth based operations like:
Connection to and general management of bluetooth devices, with device information like battery percentage, RSSI etc. displayed, if the information is available. More detailed information about a device can be viewed by selecting the 'Info' option in the menu or by clicking the 'i' key.
Bluetooth adapter management, with toggleable power, discoverability, pairablilty and scanning modes.
Transfer and receive files via the OBEX protocol, with an interactive file picker to choose and select multiple files.
Handle both PANU and DUN based networking for each bluetooth device
Control media playback on the currently connected device, with a media player popup that displays playback information and controls.
Welcome to a new issue of This Week in Plasma!
Every week we cover the highlights of what’s happening in the world of KDE Plasma and its associated apps like Discover, System Monitor, and more.
This Week in F-DroidTWIF curated on Thursday, 21 Aug 2025, Week 34Community NewsThe Matrix ecosystem fixed some major bugs that affected servers and clients ...
What's Changed
✨ Features
Add media file limit size warning and media quality selection by @jmartinesp in #5131
🐛 Bugfixes
Fix cursor position in room list search by @jmartinesp in #5138
Fix lea...
Has anyone actually successfully installed PostmarketOS on an old device recently? I've had a long struggle through trying to prepare a Nexus 7 (2012) and the result seems to be a dead device before I even got to actually installing PostmarketOS.
The rough steps I followed are listed here: - Create backups - Get SBK - Build and prepare U-Boot - Actually flashing U-Boot seems to be where things went wrong - Running ./run_bootloader.sh -s T30 -t ./bct/grouper.bct -b ../re-crypt/repart-block.bin or ./run_bootloader.sh -s T30 -t ./bct/grouper.bct -b ../generated-wheelie-blobs/AndroidRoot/blob.bin from fusee-tools hung on waiting for bootloader to initialize - Running ./run_bootloader.sh -s T30 -t ./bct/grouper.bct -b ../u-boot/u-boot-dtb-tegra.bin failed like this - skipping that step and running ./utils/nvflash_v1.13.87205 --resume --rawdevicewrite 0 1024 ../re-crypt/repart-block.bin hung on [resume mode] - Consulting a different version of the docs and running ./wheelie --blob ./generated-wheelie-blobs/AndroidRoot/blob.bin seemed to work so I ran ./nvflash --resume --rawdevicewrite 0 1024 ./re-crypt/repart-block.bin which also seemed to work - I then powered off as instructed and the device has been completely unresponsive since
I've tried connecting to a charger, disconnecting and reconnecting the battery, and every combination of holding down buttons but it appears to be completely dead. Any suggestions as to what I did wrong or anything I might be able to do now? Obviously it's not the end of the world to have lost a 13 year old tablet that was just gathering dust, but at the moment I'm not feeling positive about ever trying this again on another device!
Hello Everyone,
My goal is to flash PostMarketOS onto my old Nexus 7 2012 WiFi (Grouper). I'm trying to install Uboot per the PMOS instructions but when I get to the step that involves putting...
I recently installed it on a one plus 6t (about a month ago) cause that seemed to be what a lot of videos were using and I read it had great compatibility. Never ran into any issues with the hardware buttons not functioning since that is a big part of tampering with mobile devices.
After a lot of work, and a lot of trying, I couldn’t find FOSS software that properly syncs my family’s photos in the background (tried Immich, still not good enough despite the new beta timeline, kinda worked in 1.136, got kinda broken on 1.138, tried Nextcloud, but still haven’t gotten new photos to sync in the background. Ente is waaaay too complicated, with waaaay too many moving parts that can break). Given all of this, I gotta choose some prebuilt nas that can properly sync. I don’t like synology but apparently their background sync is ok. What about Qnap and Ugreen? Are they ok?
I was using PhotoSync quite successfully until I’ve switched to iCloud.
Nowadays, my MacBook is configured to always download all photo originals. And my Photo Library is then backed up to my NAS using CCC. This allows easy restore in case something goes wrong, as I can either restore the whole library or open the backup library and pull out what’s needed. If that fails, there’s also osxphotos to work with the library.
** Cross-platform solution with native apps for mobile devices, Windows & Mac. Also works on Linux
** Reliable and secure software – operating 14 years in the market and continuously updated
** No limitations – transfer and backup an unlimited numbe…
Gaming will always take the lead—gamers are usually quick to chase the newest and shiniest things. Bluefin/Aurora adoption takes a bit longer because developers have to adjust their workflows, and there’s still this odd stigma around atomics. People assume you “can’t do things” on an atomic distro that you can on a traditional one, when in reality it’s mostly the same—just a slightly different approach in certain areas. Like with Nix, once it clicks, the pros far outweigh the cons. Personally, Bluefin has made me a more organised and efficient developer.
I can't upload the images for some reason but here's the current numbers for the ublue spins - Bazzite: 26k users -> bazzite.json - Bluefin: 1.9k users -> bluefin.json - Bluefin LTS: 40 users -> bluefin-lts.json - Aurora: 1.3k users -> aurora.json
I would love to hear a pro about atomic distros that isn't some vague platitude about security or stability. I have zero security/stability problems on my 'normal' Fedora.
As someone who has steadfastly avoided atomic distros because it sounds like an arseache and the last thing I want is more busywork. Convince me to switch!
I don't think I've even tinkered with Bazzite since installing it. It just works. You do have to get used to container workflows and using flathub but its a marginal amount of overhead for improved security. Bonus points: you can lazy install lots of apps with distrobox, for example you can install .deb files, .rpm files, pull from the AUR, its no biggy, and its all preconfigured and easy to setup.
It's also nice to be able to rebase your distro whenever you want to try out different spins and features, makes inter-fedora atomic distro hopping easy without destroying your configs.
Thanks for the response, though up to this sentence I'm hearing extra busywork and slow/annoying containerising, in exchange for vague security platitude and a tool which I can already use.
It's also nice to be able to rebase your distro whenever you want to try out different spins and features, makes inter-fedora atomic distro hopping easy without destroying your configs.
I'm interested by this. Is there a uniqueness to Atomic setups such that you can keep your user partition, GNOME configs, etc. and swap out the Fedora distro underneath?
Yep, I can for example rebase from Bazzite to Secureblue and keep all of my configs intact for say, KDE. So if a project goes fubar you aren't out of luck and need to reinstall and reconfig linux, its trivial to rebase/"swap distro", its a single command that looks like this
rpm-ostree rebase ostree-image-signed:docker://ghcr.io/ublue-os/bazzite-dx-nvidia:stable
All programs, files, configs, etc are intact in your home directory. I've swapped between user created spins for different DEs like Cosmic and so on, whats cool is its all preconfigured to run well under bazzites kernel. Image based upgrades are also very nice, theres inevitably config drift that messes with performance or updates can break your setup on other distros, image based means the devs tweak every interaction and push it all to you with the least effort possible on your part.
This is very cool, and I can suddenly see atomic being useful for certain circumstances. Won't be using it for my personal computer main driver, but hopping/resetting this is easily attracts me so. Thank you!
rpm-ostree is pretty nifty in general, it functions like git so it reapplies each of your configs over what the devs do each time you upgrade, leading to as little config drift and broken upgrades as possible. each upgrade feels like a fresh install imo
Security isn’t really one, but saying don’t mention stability is proving the point—Fedora goes to ten, but Silverblue goes to eleven. That’s like saying, “tell me why Arch is good without mentioning the up-to-date packages.”
For Bluefin, it had everything I was doing with Fedora and then Silverblue OTB, and then some things I didn’t realize I needed. Yes, you can run a container-focused workflow in Fedora, but atomics keep you focused on good practices. With Fedora, my system became a bit of a dependency hell with Python and npm packages; now I have a container per project that can either have its own home dir or just seamlessly integrate with my main system.
I’m the whole IT and dev department for my company, so I would often have dedicated VMs etc. for each focus. Now everything is just seamlessly in my system.
It’s a bit of a reset for sure what isn't, but once it’s done you know you can just hit the power button and everything is there ready to go.
I’m getting into rolling my own spin at the moment for our thin clients as they only have 16GB of space, and that’s been really easy to set up. Now I have a trimmed-down Bluefin that comes packaged with Remmina, and I can deploy updates just by updating some files on GitHub. It's really not more busywork, pretty much the opposite for me, my root is basically /var and anything lower level I don't really need to be messing about with on a workstaiton. I have all my tools most out of the box. I have every language package esp elixir thanks to brew have you tried setting up iex on Ubuntu it's dog egg. On bluefin, I just brew install elixir.
saying don’t mention stability is proving the point
My point is that stability is already 100% fine for me now. So saying you'll make my already rock-solid experience somehow more stable is meaningless. As a power user for over a decade, I've personally experienced zero issues where I wished Fedora was somehow more stable. It's like telling me that Silverblue connects to the internet - Like yes, I already have that.
From what I'm reading, it sounds like the singular 'pro' is being forced to do cleaner, more self-contained practices. I can totally see how that would be helpful for some people. But personally, I would genuinely despise that kind of restriction.
I'm admittedly the kind of person who hates being forced to do the 'best practice' thing. I'm genuinely happy that my Linux distro will me rm -rf the root partition (with an 'are you sure' prompt these days 😀 ). I'm happy that if I really want to purge the kernel package with dnf, then I can. I want (and kind of need) my freedom to make a mess, if I tell Linux to jump, it will goddamn jump, even if it's a bad practice technically terrible decision. I have zero interest in going all around the houses just to do it the technically correct (and sometimes less-effort-in-the-long-run) way. If I ever want a clean plate, I can still spin up a container just like you're saying.
So I get the feeling that atomic is very much not for me, which is what I suspected 😀 Very glad that people like yourself find it an improvement, that's what flavours are for!
Exactly that. It's not the be all and end all for Linux, nothing ever will be and that's OK. Some people have had a few issues, especially when Fedora was in the 30s. Just did a quick search, even this year some users reporting it borking itself. But like you, I have never had an issue, but when I deploy machines that are 100 miles from me, I don't want to deal with that, same for my work machines.
Bazzite works really well for my living room PC, wife approved PS5 replacement. Again, for my personal gaming rig I don't want to get home go to game and have to deal with some dependency issue. I put Bluefin on my field laptop because again I use it sporadically, and it'll update on boot if it was cachyOS or workstation there's a chance it could drift out of spec enough to bork.
So yeah I love the Atomics, but I was prob 90% the way there before Silverblue came about and 95% there when the Ublue stuff stated rolling out.
Like a lot of things Linux it's not the future of Linux but its a future I think.
I switched from Fedora KDE to Kinoite a few months ago. Both were 100% stable for me as well.
The main reason I switched to Kinoite is because I'm a digital hoarder and after 5 years or so all my systems are completely trashed with various libraries, 12 different PHP/.NET versions, custom builds and a bazillion Python packages.
In the end it always causes issues like my builds stop working because I have some ancient version of a library stashed away somewhere.
Immutable distros are really easy to return to "factory defaults". It keeps a list of all the packages that are installed on the system and everything else now goes in Toolboxes, Distroboxes or Docker containers. If I mess up my C++ environment (again) I can just delete that toolbox and start from scratch.
I still manage to bloat my home directory but that is much easier to clean up than looking through all system files.
I switched to fedora for stability and pretty consistently each major update would break my computer. I switched to fedora silverblue and everything is so much simpler and upgrading is a breeze. A few times I have missed the simplicity of just installing random obscure software or toolkits for school but typically I can use containers and that also works nicely.
I also prefer using containers anyways because that aligns with how I mentally organize things. Flatpak has basically everything I need so that’s not a concern either.
Edit: I see you don’t benefit from stability, so don’t worry about that bit. It benefits me greatly though.
IME the nicest part of Bazzite is not having to manage it. To that end, it works on my Steam Deck. But that's nothing to do with stability, as you say. In its own ways it's more annoying to use than a regular distro.
Clearly people are finding use for it, but I personally find those annoying aspects needless speedbumps in my own usage. Except for, again, on my Steam Deck.
Why? If your computer is working fine there's no reason to mess with it. bootc images are for people who do not want to use whatever you mean by 'normal' Fedora.
Because I was being told the pros outweight the cons, and if I can get a better OS, then I want it? I feel like it was a reasonable question and we had a good conversation out of it.
I also put 'normal' in quotes myself, I obviously meant a non-atomic Fedora.
I feel like you're coming across unnecessarily dismissively here, when I was just out for a nice conversation on the benefit of atomic setups (and got one! 😀 ).
j0rge is one of the main devs of bazzite and theres a lot of very strange people in this thread on lemmy.ml chumming the waters here, atomic distros doing well apparently bring out the worst in the strangest linux nerds who think their way of life is under attack. On hexbear a lot of these people causing a ruckus probably aren't even viewable
edit: yeah the thread here on lemmy.ml has 153 comments currently and on hexbear its 63 and much more tame, lol
I'm told my cute'n'calm Hexbear instance means there's a lot of drama here I can't see. So apologies if my tone comes off badly in the ol' .ml context.
Rest assured I was just out for fun conversation to learn about atomic stuff 😀 Hope the rest of this thread ain't too stressful.
Bluefin/Aurora adoption takes a bit longer because developers have to adjust their workflows, and there’s still this odd stigma around atomics.
Bluefin maintainer here, our target audience are container people, not people who want to adjust their workflows. The people we cater to don't have an opinion on "atomics" because no one's ever heard of that term. They've heard of docker or podman though.
I honestly don't know what any of that means. I use Bazzite for automatic updates, Gnome extensions, Portal/ujust commands, update rollbacks, and game mode/Gamescope. It's simply the most usable distro I've found. Bazaar is a nice bonus too. Gnome Software has infuriated me for a long time and I feel like a crazy person because no one talks about it.
I used Nobara for about a month and was constantly pestered with update notifications. There were multiple updaters, I didn't really understand how to use either of them, and they required a lot of manual input. Eventually I tried to do something else while the updater was running and broke it.
He's not talking about Bazzite, though. Bluefin and Aurora are built from the same cloud tech as Bazzite, but are more focused towards devs, specifically devs who use containers.
Thanks Jorge the good work! I had been using silverblue for years and now I'm running machines with bazzite, bluefin, and ucore os. I really, really enjoy how easy to manage atomic distros are, and how they steer you towards better practices (in dev and sysadmin) by design. Thanks!
Very fun, I've been rocking Fedora workstation for years. If Fedora could take off as the gaming distro that'd be great, I'll get even more up-to-date top-notch graphics drivers without having to change distros
I've been running Garuda on my main rig for a minute. I thought all would be good but some of my music production stuff has been a bit slow to catch up as far as updates in the AUR vs the official .deb releases (and I haven't tinkered enough to just make that work myself).
Being able to install .deb otb seems nice; I was planning on running a new framework 12 laptop on it (which I dream of getting for a new performance rig for my music) but I may install it on my current performance rig to see how it runs.
How well does it play with nvidia? If it's all good and I eventually switch on my main rig I'd love to be able to run a local GPU supported AI. I know that for nvidia I have to have drivers that support cuda stuff.
Nvidia open source drivers are working pretty good, I have no complaints. Local AI stuff can be a little annoying to setup as a beginner I bet, but if you run it through llama.cpp its smooth sailing. I recommend something like StabilityMatrix (app image) if you have no clue whats going on
On the HTPC you're running Bazzite? Do you play games on that machine?
I'm planning on setting up a HTPC, but I won't use it for gaming. I was thinking of setting it up to run Sway because I think I'll mostly be using Kodi which has good keyboard support, so why not try to do everything in a keyboard-friendly way.
Sorry, replying late. Yes, I do play games on my HTPC, though lately I've mostly been using to watch things through Kodi. Kodi does indeed work well with a keyboard, so good luck on your project!
Thanks. In theory if I do change my mind and run Steam on my HTPC, it should work even if I don't use Bazzite. But, for now, I'm going to aim for keyboard control and Kodi.
I started on Bazzite but transitioned to Aurora for my personal PC and wife's laptop. God I wish I could use it for work. I'm forced to use Windows or Mac.
Hey, I'm one of those! Started using Bazzite in July, have absolutely fallen in love. My whole gaming library is available, which has been a real first for me with Linux.
Thanks! I am still very new to Linux and have been learning the OS through OpenSUSE on an old laptop. Still debating which Linux distro to switch to for the windows desktop (the one with the 1080)
I'm rolling a 1080 on Bazzite and it's worked great for me, as well as NVIDIA does on Linux generally. Which is to say, much better than it was 2+ years ago but still could do with some improvements.
Like the other poster said, the open drivers aren't for the 10-series and earlier. It's because the microcode that NVIDIA wants to keep proprietary is within the GPU on later series, rather than the driver.
Same here also on a 1080, but with the closed-source drivers. There's some issue they've had for at least the 6ish months I've been using it where with my dual screen setup sometimes hangs. Apparently it's a known bug and they haven't fixed it. It hits me about once every couple of weeks these days. Other than that it has run every game I've tried as well as Windows.
It seems better now than it was a few months ago. Back then it actually locked up my machine if I triggered the bug. Now it just temporarily slows things down.
But, I haven't gambled on running a few apps that would regularly trigger it just in case. What's funny is that modern Steam games are no problem, but it's running emulated games using Emulation Station that causes problems. Games from 2024, no problem. Games from 1984? Hey, that's pushing it.
That’s not the case for the newer open source drivers from nvidia. They’re only compatible with the last few generations of cards but they’re performant and the only feature they lack is CUDA to my knowledge. Not talking nouveau here
cuda works fine on 4070 right now, though iirc certain specific things dont run well and are a little funky in comparison. i think it was ollama? but llama.cpp seems to work fine, same with things like comfyui
No they have CUDA. The open driver from Nvidia just means the kernel module has an open source license. They are still the same proprietary pieces of shit that you know and love from a user space perspective.
20XX onwards in desktop version is fine. I've only heard issues when using gaming mode on the HTPC version, and even then i think it's just inside the gamescope steam menu it's shit, in games it's just fine, no difference.
But yes, since the trend chart is showing immutable distros and how Bazzite is growing, I am saying the fact that Bazzite is immutable has nothing to do with it's growth.
Edit: Reading again, I realize you might not know that Fedora Atomic is the immutable base. 😉
The Bazzite team doesn't control the wikipedia page, just the official documentation. Someone made up the term "immutable design", that's not a thing it's just a container. There's no need to confuse people just call it bazzite or a container. Atomic is a fedora brand name, it's not a thing to classify things under.
As you can see from the comments in the thread all this does is confuse people.
"Immutable": A term to describe Linux operating systems that do not follow the traditional filesystem layout where every single file can be removed by the user with root privileges. It is more nuanced than this in the case of Bazzite, but is still considered "immutable" from the point of view of the extended Linux community. The Bazzite team would not describe Bazzite as an "immutable" operating system.
I disagree with you fundamentally, if it wasn't for the simple updates and stability this would not have the success that it does. The image is part of the model.
Ubuntu used to be one of the best gaming desktops that was still very stable and usable for everything else, but Canonical has been ruining it to make it more aimed at business and making more ways to profit, so Fedora has been filling the gap IMHO. Still some better dedicated gaming build distros, but Bazzite is good at being a gaming distro that works well as a productivity desktop too.
Bazzite is the Trendy Distro Of The Month, like Peppermint or Endeavor or Nobara or a frillion others. CachyOS is apparently next. Nearly constantly, you'll hear about some trendy new distro which is a fork of Ubuntu or Fedora or Arch that has a feature or two targeted at newcomers or gamers, and for awhile it gets heavily recommended on Reddit or Lemmy, then you stop hearing about it forever as the rest of the ecosystem adopts that feature or fixes the thing that feature was meant to be worked around, and then the cycle repeats.
Bazzite is targeted toward gamers, it emphasizes a solid onboarding experience with a configurator to choose/build your install media based on what you want to do with it, do you want a handheld or home theater experience or a keyboard and mouse desktop? Do you want it to boot to SteamOS or to a DE? Which DE? What hardware do you have? So their gimmick is to steer users through the initital config and setup process. Which as gimmicks go, that one is pretty solid.
MEANWHILE
Fedora's Atomic editions have no gimmicks at all. You have to independently learn that immutable distros exist, independently decide you want that, and then go hunting on their website through their godforsaken marketing wank to find it.
Fedora likes their bullshit branding. You go to their website, and there are big buttons for Fedora Workstation right next to Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop. "Workstation" does not mention that it's just the Gnome version. You have to stroll further down, past server, IoT and "Core" versions, to a section that looks visually different labeled "More Fedora Options" including Atomic and Spins. You're a new Linux user, you've just used the OS that came with your computer your whole life, explain to me what the difference between Core and Atomic is and why you should choose one over the other?
The Atomic versions, which is kind of a synonym for "immutable", you click on that, and you're presented with five options: Fedora Silverblue, Fedora Kinoite, Fedora Sway Atomic, Fedora Budgie Atomic, and Fedora Cosmic Atomic Nowhere in its name or description does Silverblue mention that it's the Gnome desktop one. Kinoite starts with a K and also mentions in the description it's the KDE atomic version. Also, "kinoite" is a godawful word, they should have gone with Kyanite instead, which is a different blue crystal. Or they should have just called it KDE Atomic or Plasma Atomic. The others just put the DE's name in the title LIKE A NORMAL PERSON, ROWAN.
I'd argue that this is already the current trend. I can't count the number of random Indian youtubers I recently got recommended to watch as they glaze CachyOS as the second coming of christ.
I am wary about invoking Apple here, but say what you will about the company, there's a lot of value in a braindead setup process. Many, many users just want something that just works - it was literally something I asked for when Linux was recommended to me (knowing some hate Ubuntu, I'll out myself: using Ubuntu Budgie - setup was super simple. I guess there must be demand for that niche in the broader Linux community, so that's a very smart move by Bazzite.
I did recommend Mint (although I use EndeavourOS myself), but he's not interested anymore.
It probably didn't help that I recently recommended him to buy Nvidia rather than AMD for a recent upgrade, because Nvidia had lower power requirements, and I don't his his PSU would have been able to handle the comparable AMD.
Bazzite is the option for Windows converts that want a gaming focused Linux desktop. A lot of people are going to nitpick it to death, because they want "Literally Windows but without Microsoft". Which isn't happening while Linux has the market share it has. You either accept a few annoyances (while advocating for those annoyances to be fixed), or go back to Windows and accept Microsoft's authoritarian control of your computer.
Bazzite is a solid desktop that's going to be really hard for a regular user to break, comes with Steam, Lutris, and Heroic built in, proprietary nvidia drivers installed, and is based on Fedora (Modern, stable, well supported).
The only downside is KDE can be really easy to break if you're a new user unfamiliar with how customizing it works, but if you leave it default you're fine.
Just in the name of completeness, I wouldn't say that's the only downside. I definitely have some stability issues with Bazzite, only when gaming though. But game crashes, occasional OS crashes, that hasn't been exactly rare for me. But I will say, gaming is about the one thing in my life I'm almost unwilling to troubleshoot these days. Could be something specific to my setup that is uncommon for others, making my data point unhelpful.
And by and large, I'd absolutely recommend it for any Windows user who wants an easily transferable user experience and broadly fantastic gaming support with minimal fuss.
Linux Mint's website was hacked and they served a malicious ISO, but the useful idiot crowd never talks about that.
The snowball effect is real, and if you can't see it then you're probably a part of it.
The main reason why people hate on Manjaro is because it makes it easy to use a historically complicated distro. Anyone rational person who has been in the free software ecosystem for a substantial period of time will recognize that there are many morons, elitists, and losers who like to make things more complicated than they need to be to feel superior to others.
Also, people don't like when another distro is better than theirs, which Manjaro is for the vast majority of rational users.
Like, seriously, Manjaro had so many problems already that were completely preventable, makes stupid mistakes, bloats itself up with nonsense and provides no stability improvement over Arch whatsoever (which is a bad thing). On the contrary, it apparently even introduces additional bugs.
I'm not surprised they accidentally DDoS'ed the AUR, given they also have a docker script that spins up every single time an image is downloaded to push a change to git to increment a counter. Every. Single. Time. A full docker container. From scratch.
I'd only ever recommend Manjaro to people I really don't like.
CachyOS might be the easiest one that gives you something decent. It's basically an Arch Linux with slightly better compiler optimizations and tweaked kernels. Also a tweaked version of proton in the core repos.
Started by a German dude so EU++ or something. And of course it's based on Arch Linux, which was started by a Canadian dude.
It's on top of distrowatch too, but I have no idea what that implies.
🚀 CachyOS is an Arch Linux-based distribution that offers an easy installation, several customization options to suit every user, and special optimizations for improved performance while remaining simple.
The removal of KDE Discover has me considering going back to plain Kinoite on my HTPC. I figure I can build a sysext with the handful of bazzite bits I actually use and keep the unbutchered plasma experience
I couldnt see one - I also dont want to layer it, because it will pull in a couple of hundred megs of kde dependencies every time you update. I tried doing it as a sysext (myrepo) but it keeps segfaulting and I havent worked out the issue
Would you be willing to say more about what you know / experienced about the removal of Discover? Preferences included? I only noticed it recently, been away from things for a bit, and you sound like your brief info would probably be at least as fruitful as the reading I was gonna look for 😀
the ublue project / bazzite decided to make their own flatpak first app store called Bazaar. Fair enough its their distro. However they created it with GTK4/Adwaita libraries, so its a Gnome native app and looks completely ugly on a KDE Plasma desktop. Also as a flatpak first app store it doesn't update anything else on your machine like what discover is capable of (cant update ostree, knew stuff etc). This means you have to use the ujust terminal app to access updates, which I dont agree with.
I think technically you could layer it back in with rpm-ostree install kdediscover - however this pulls back a couple of hundred meg of plasma dependencies, which if you're not aware, when you update your system would be redownloaded and reinstalled with each new ostree snapshot, slowing down the update process even further. I I tried doing it as a sysext (myrepo) but it ~~keeps segfaulting and I havent worked out the issue~~ edit: I have fixed the segfault issue and readded the ostree backend. Sysexts are new experienmental alternative to package layering which hold a lot of potential (check out tim ravier's development of them here travier.github.io/fedora-sysex…)
You don't use the terminal to do updates, updates are automatic by default.
We also completely removed discovers ability to update OSTree. It's never been present in a single build of Bazzite.
This is why I don't pay attention to people that complain about toolkits. You don't like the way it looks so you make up absolutely disingenuous points to argue about it.
I also said ublue is free to do what they want, why are you attacking me for suggesting I want to put something back the way it was? I never asked for your attention, I'm not pestering the developers about it, instead I attempted to author a fix for anyone who also is not a fan of the change.
Yes, I dont like a core system tool not being part of my desktop, I dont want my updates to fire via a timer, and I have updated my ostree via discover on my bazzite box. I understand a lot of your target audience does want those things, an appliance type experience - I even suggested 2 posts up that perhaps bazzite was no longer for me as the target audience.
I appologise for drawing your ire
edit: FYI I'm not some bad faith poster, having defended bazaar - Also my particular bazzite box has been rebased between Fedora and Aurora, probably accumulated some artifacts in the process, which may explain why my discover had not been previously hobbled. Have a good night
@scops@social.tchncs.de @gbryant@subscribeto.me I tend to agree, but I also dont think one distro should dictate that.
Bazzite is free to try and do things they think is best, Jorge has stated they consider function before toolkit.
I am a container evangelist, I find excuses to convert my jobs into Kubernetes workloads, and I frequently use the likes of podman for one off apps/processes and development. I use Flatpak frequently to isolate dependencies for the likes of Steam and Heroic.
I really wanted to like Bazzite or Bluefin, but I can't deal with the overhead from the rpm os-tree updates. I would frequently notice hitches for my use case (sunshine streaming), and the hoops I had to do to configure Nvidia drivers (for it to then not work as good as other distros) was tiresome.
I went back to Arch (EndeavourOS), and I improved sunshine performance and had a driver that worked with less fiddling.
I'm saying all this because, while I'm glad to see any Linux distro grow, I hope it starts delivering what it says on the tin eventually without compromises that I experienced. Markering on it being immutable and container focused is true, but I dont see the benefit (aside from more stability which as others pointed out, is already stable is most cases)?. Right now, its a simple to configure (assuming most defaults work for your setup) distro that is finding a growing niche amongst some users (obviously by the data shown). And thats good enough for now at least.
Never really understood the appeal of "immutable" distros.
There's not a single distro out there that does everything right and won't require manually editing some fuckup on the developers' part. Why would we want to make it harder for us when the time inevitably arises?
::: spoiler spoiler I'm just assuming it's because people are stupid and like to fit in with other idiots. The average computer user today definitely has difficulty thinking for themselves and making their own decisions, so whenever someone else comes along and tells them a different way of doing things, they immediately assume that person is right. :::
Go on and keep using your distro another few years, and you'll recognize the patterns of what keeps breaking. And then try some others for some years, and you'll find that you can at most pick between smaller issues on a regular base on rolling ones, or larger batches of issues on release based ones. And some point you'll find that every user creating a custom mix of packages that are all interdependent on another is quite the mess, and the number of package combinations times the number of configuration option combinations is so large that you can guarantee some of them will have issues. On top you have package managers rumaging around in the system while it is in use, and with a mix of old code that is still loaded in ram and new code on disk behaviour for these transients is basically undefinded. Ultimately you'll grow tired of this scheme at some point, and then running a byte-to-byte copy of something that has been tested and doing atomic updates is quite attractive. And putting a stronger focus on containerized applications not only enables immutable distros for broad adoption in the first place, but also cuts down the combinatorial complexity of the OS. And lastly, to be honest, after so many years of the same kinds of issues over and over again, the advent of immutable+atomic distros + containerized desktop apps brought a couple of new challenges that are more interesting for the time being..
Call me a Luddite, but I want to retain control over my updates and upgrades. I fear the day that Fedora becomes all atomic, all the time, which I can't help but think is in the cards
You aren't meant to use them for managing your system. They are mainly there for development. For example, I often use them for a debian chroot on arch.
Hello! I have a /home partition that is almost full, and there is another partition nearby with a lot of free space. I would like to reduce the size of this neighboring partition and add the freed space to /home. I would like to do this safely, without using a Live USB or bootable flash drive. Is this possible?
upd: gparted just worked(through a live usb stick)! Sometimes I try to use symlinks, but not this time 😀 Thanks everyone!
Doing anything with partitions safely means having a current backup of your disk.
What you want to do might be possible if your disk was set up with LVM, but I don't have too much experience with it. If you have a more traditional partitioning scheme, the problem is that you can't really shave off the front of the next partition if you want to expand /home to the right, and you can't tack free space to the front of a partition, if say, you shrink the partition to the left of /home.
If, for example, you want to expand /home into a partition on the right, you'd have to shrink that partition, back it up, delete the original, expand /home to the desired size, and copy the backed-up partition into its new, smaller place. If that other partition is not mounted, you could do the procedure without a live USB, if you insist.
thanks for the recommendations guys, but I cant seem to find any AMD GPU laptops anywhere other than framework - they are rarer than rocking horse shit.
I've noticed the same thing, if a laptop has a dGPU, it's almost certainly Nvidia. My pet theory is that the integrated GPU of AMD APU chips are decent enough that laptop manufacturers who work with AMD don't bother tacking on a dGPU.
Basically all things works out of box ,I just installed rog control center to have control of fan,tdp limit,charging limit and supergfx cachy is having all this in the repo,be aware this laptop as any gaming laptop is hot,so for daily basic things even playing in cyberpunk I put power in powersave and setup custom fan curve in rog control center to make it less heating ,performance was enough for me in cyberpunk even with limited power save mode.While searching for laptop be aware there are two modifications of this laptop with amd CPU which have integrated video and without ,it very useful to have integrated to GPU because it works then about 4-5 hours.I have model with amd ryzen 7 7735hs which have integrated graphics.For more questions feel free text to private messages 😀
AMD GPUs are officially supported in the Linux kernel and Mesa. They pretty much just work out of the box with minimal setup on a fresh distro install.
NVidia GPUs often require out-of-tree proprietary drivers to work with full performance; these drivers are often a pain to install and update. Supposedly, things are getting less terrible now, but NVidia is still overall more likely to cause you pain than AMD.
Intel Arc dGPUs, like AMD, have decent native kernel and Mesa support from what I can tell, but tend to have worse performance than AMD. However, I hear they’re ridiculously good for video encoding!
No you ommited any kind of detail in your original post so we all had to guess to try and help. You're still using xfce if that's what you chose on installation. Pro tip install fastfetch open a terminal and write fastfetch and post the results under your future posts it'll give us a report of your system.
Touching grass is nice, but it's not enough any more. I need a really good hug. Not one of those casual "okay, see you next time" kind of hugs. A hug like the hug the drummer of a band gave me after a show in 2018, which was the best hug I ever got.
2 of my friends and I randomly decided to do a long group hug one night. I could just feel the happy chemicals coursing through me. We decided we were hugging from then on rather than fist-bumping. And we've stuck to it.
Figures from a classified Israeli military intelligence database indicate five out of six Palestinians killed by Israeli forces in Gaza have been civilians, an extreme rate of slaughter rarely matched in recent decades of warfare.
As of May, 19 months into the war, Israeli intelligence officials listed 8,900 named fighters from Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad as dead or “probably dead”, a joint investigation by the Guardian, the Israeli-Palestinian publication +972 Magazine and the Hebrew-language outlet Local Call has found.
At that time 53,000 Palestinians had been killed by Israeli attacks, according to health authorities in Gaza, a toll that included combatants and civilians. Fighters named in the Israeli military intelligence database accounted for just 17% of the total, which indicates that 83% of the dead were civilians.
I do not claim this script. This was built off of Delphiki's fork of Faglo's original Airstatus. They did the complicated stuff. They're the real heroes. I'm just a UI/UX nerd. I like things to look nice.
I've added a few changes to my Airstatus fork just for my peace of mind. The new output can be used as a tiling WM status monitor. I'm in the motions of diving into KDE JSON/XML/QML spaghetti to see if I can make a widget, but its not going well. However, you can still specify an output file that will update with the raw data in it's original, unaltered form. This should allow hoodoo programming wizards to hook up their own OS front ends for the data. I may see if I can make it so that the raw data clears the line before adding a new update, just because I can see the output file getting unwieldy after a while.
The new table will output battery levels from green-yellow-red depending on charge level. Caret and input are disabled while retaining the ability to break out with CTRL+C. Breakout is now clean with no text and clears terminal. This was to keep things as neat as possible if you should use it as a CLI monitor. Update interval is set to 4 seconds. Airpods and Airpods Pro should have columns for left/right/case. I can't test as I gave mine away to a friend.
Let me know if you have or see any issues, I'll try my best to address them. Font is Recursive NerdFont DuoTone if you're curious. Its a mono that changes to a casual style for bold and/or italic text. There's also normal sans and casual sans versions. Has ligatures.
i think this is the correct question to ask. did you just create ~/.local/bin folder? you can look at the end of ~/.profile that this will only be added to $PATH if the folder exists.
the easiest way is to log out and log in (no restart necessary!)
otherwise you can also execute source ~/.profile and then yt-dlp should be available.
the chmod +x tip from the other comments could also be necessary!
I'll assume you're new to Debian, so apologies if this is not true. The reason I say this is because generally speaking, "installing with wget" isn't how one is supposed to install software in Debian, using a program called apt is. yt-dlp is available in Debian 13's repositories. What I suggest doing is running apt install yt-dlp as root. That way the app will be installed globally, meaning it'll work without the system spitting out the error you've described. And on another positive note, the app will get updated automatically whenever you upgrade the system.
If this isn't for you, suggestions from other users here are valid and helpful.
what you should do: delete that file and then listen to onlooker's advice about using apt to install software when you can
what is happening: an arbitrary file you create to hold the contents of some data you streamed off the internet, for very good reason, is not automatically treated as an executable, partly because for all wget knows, it's just a photograph or some text. to mark a file as executable, you need to run chmod +x /path/to/script/file to add to the file's permissions. to learn more, and you should, please learn about file permissions and how those work on linux systems.
You can download and install yt-dlp for recent Ubuntu and other related Debian-based distributions by adding this PPA
Add ppa repo to apt
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tomtomtom/yt-dlp
# Update package list
sudo apt update
# Install yt-dlp
sudo apt install yt-dlp
Your system's package manager will now automatically download the correct dependencies and keep the package updated with the rest of your system whenever you update:
Done
this is a good introduction to adding an external PPA repo to apt and getting to know debian
The people telling you to use apt are pointing you in the wrong direction. Usually it’s better to use apt but sometimes with software that updates very often for a good reason like yt-dlp you can end up with old nonfunctional versions. Apt versions of yt-dlp are often several steps behind the arms race and just fail to work in weird ways.
The person telling you to add .local/bin to your $PATH is the one you should be listening to. The program isn’t launching because when you type it in, the terminal only looks in the places defined in the environment variable $PATH to see if the thing you typed corresponds to a program.
Once you have added the install location to path, be sure to add -U to your invocations of yt-dlp especially if they’re running automatically. The -U flag causes yt-dlp to try to update itself before attempting to do whatever you asked so things will almost never fail because of an old version.
I am a smoker and find both the sight and the feeling of the tail very cool. I don't know if the content creator still exists, it's (of course) no longer on Tumblr. source
I'm making the switch to using Neomutt for my email, but I still have calendar data from several accounts I want to access locally. Is there something like neomutt, but for calendar data? Maybe an Obsidian plug-in, or some other OSS app I can configure?
I'm using EndeavourOS (Arch), with the Sway DE, and would prefer staying away from KDE/Gnome based apps.
Didn't hear of pimsync before. Thanks for sharing. I don't think I'm ready to switch yet based on its current limitations, but I'll definitely keep an eye on it.
For context I've been using aerc as my email client for a while now, and was looking for something similar for calendars/tasks myself
I've tried: - calcurse: fine but clunky, also a bit difficult to set up. The most mature option and probably the best one available, but I just couldn't get used to the interface - calcure: similarly clunky interface, glitchy/blinking rendering to the point of being headache-inducing, lacking features (couldn't figure out how to look at all event attributes?) - khal: limited in features (compared to calcurse) and slow when there are a lot of events (even when it's only 2-3 per day), also there are some rendering bugs sometimes. Probably the most intuitive and clean interface of all, and good scripting opportunities. - gcalcli: only Google Calendar (I also need support for arbitrary CalDAV), didn't investigate further - plann: no TUI as such, just CLI
A couple weeks ago I've decided to start writing my own. It's still very much a hacky WIP but I'll update in this thread if I ever decide to publish it. In the meantime, I hope one of the above works for you!
I've tried a few options, but I've stuck with khal for years now. It works smoothly [1], supports multiple calendars, syncs with vdirsyncer (details in its documentation), and provides both CLI and TUI interfaces that make events easy to see, edit, and manage.
The CLI interface is especially handy for integrating khal with other apps like neomutt and taskwarrior for example. For instance, I have a keybinding that lets me export calendar invites from neomutt directly into khal. There's also a list of tools (including one for khal) listed in the neomutt documentation if you're curious.
I use it to manage both my personal and professional calendars, syncing them bidirectionally with vdirsyncer. The only drawback I’ve encountered is that some commands can be a bit cumbersome—but I solved this by writing my own script to make khal’s commands more intuitive for my workflow. That flexibility could be seen as another strength of khal ;)
[1] That's my experience, but others here have reported it can be slow in some cases.
This channel normally posts board meetings and short progress updates on specific sections of the project in a pretty dry way. This is the first time I've seen them lean into a more engaging method of getting the word out.
High-speed rail will help reduce traffic, greenhouse gases and travel times. Lo-Fi music can help minimize distractions and lower anxiety. Perfect combo!Sort...
I also use XFCE. My desktop’s currently on Forky and went through all of Trixie, and the emdia keys have worked fine.
I’ll have to fiddle around and see what’s going on, though it may take a few days to get back because I’m starting school again soon, so I’m quite busy.
For reference, what programs do you tend to use with media keys? For instance, VLC, Firefox, etcetera.
Firefox 142 è arrivato! La nuova versione del browser open source porta miglioramenti alla privacy, nuove API per estensioni, ottimizzazioni dell’interfaccia e strumenti avanzati per sviluppatori. #Firefox #Linux
So a new major version of Debian has been released, and now I see a lot of complaints about various issues stemming from an upgrade. I do not remember this many after an LTS Ubuntu version. I don't want to rush to conclusions like "Ubuntu has money for better quality assurance". I can easily come up with explanations for why these statistics can be skewed, like "Ubuntu-loving plebeians do not come to complain to elite Lemmy users about their puny problems". I'm curious what you think?
I use Debian-Testing, so I never go from a major release to another, and it's very stable that way. But yes, a big upgrade is never smooth with Debian, even if Debian itself is very stable (when installed from scratch). I think the solution is a clean install every 2 years. Or use Debian-Testing, so things don't blow up from a small release to another. Even Linux Mint is not very stable from a major release to another (meaning, from one LTS to another). But Ubuntu is more stable between interim releases, but also not very stable between LTS releases.
So either you go with a "stable-ish" rolling release like Debian-Testing (which in my opinion is the most stable rolling release distro), or you re-install every 2 years.
I've been doing debian upgrades without significant issues. With debian 13 I find I'm getting some deprecation messages from python and I have had to make some small code patches to fix them. I see that as more of a python issue than a debian issue.
that's where most of my 'issues' come from when upgrading an old debian.. upstream version changes to major software packages (python, php, even apache 1.x to 2 back in the day) that require some manual intervention
That's utter BS, money does not equal quality. I just borked an Ubuntu Noble installation by running apt upgrade on it. Yeah it's ZFS-based, why didn't Canonical ensure the upgrade would be smooth?
If I had to guess on why people get issues during updates I'd say it's because they add a million third-party repos that point to the specific version of Debian they were running and now that they've upgraded they've got tons of outdated packages from those repos fudging up their system.
Ubuntu has issues in every LTS (this time with APT version shipped) because Ubuntu releases are based on Debian Sid (basically unreleased Debian software which they "patch" later including unstable version of tools).
I suffer this in my job every time a Ubuntu LTS is shipped previous to the release of the Debian version equivalent to it (Ubuntu 24.04 is Debian 13 with mixed versions of packages and "patches") and a customer or a teammate upgrade a container-image or workstation to it...
I even use Debian new versions after either 1 year or the first .1 release.
Certainly when you use a system on many hosts, you have more visibility into its issues. Do you also use Debian in a similar situation to compare them?
What do you think about the number of Debian complaints on Lemmy?
Would this be a correct summary: you use Debian a lot but only after potential issues have been ironed out, so you don’t see problems; you see problems with Ubuntu when colleagues or customers jump on immature releases?
Related to the thing: I like mature and safe transitions, specially if is supposed to run in production.
From my POV, and knowing I already take care if something for new Debian releases, Ubuntu, even in LTS, is the worse what I could wish because they release unreleased and/or unstable software, which did not even pass Debian releases statuses.
Ubuntu 24.04 is equivalent to Debian 13, except Ubuntu 24.04 was released last year.
Every Ubuntu version is based on a copy of Debian Sid, which is the unstable branch.
Eventually, they incorporate Debian patches too but keep some packages in different versions (libpng, the kernel, openssl and similar are the most I remember but they change between releases).
Among the people I know in real life, some post (non-tech stuff) to Reddit, some write reviews on Yelp, and some have called customer support hotlines for tech products. But none have ever posted online to ask for tech help, at least not to my awareness. Neither did I back when I used Windows, and not for a couple years even after switching to Linux.
I suspect most Ubuntu users are among that common crowd. They might look up an issue on the internet, but expect to ask for help from a dedicated support center. Or can't be bothered to sign up for an account and post to the places that can answer their questions, which are usually very "techy" and possibly even intimidating to beginners.
As for my setup, the upgrade from Debian 12 to 13 went very smoothly. I had to fix a few obscure config files, but nobody else really touches them, and it didn't stop it from booting. Replaced a deprecated package with its Flatpak equivalent as well. Only unsolved issue is the xfce4-panel consuming all of one core on occasion for no apparent reason.
Personally I had zero issues with upgrading my server to Debian 13; it's an installation dating back to Debian 9 or 10 with a lot of services installed.
The only inconvenience I had was that somehow Transmission 4.1.0 beta made it into debian stable, and beta clients are usually not allowed by private trackers. I switched to deluge and called it a day.
It's always hit or miss depending on the system. I upgraded one machine to Proxmox 9 and a VM and my VPS to Debian 13, the only one that gave me some trouble was my VM and that's because I had an older package installed that was being a pain to remove because of dependency issues.
I booted into my Manjaro gaming rig this morning for its weekly update check and got this error message.
Error: Symbol 'grub_is_using_legacy_shim_lock_protocol' Not found
seems like grub is not installed.
I noticed the warning after the last update a week ago regarding grub.
A single line in the pacman terminal output is not really good enough. I did nothing at the time
I dont use btrfs only ext4.
FIXED:
inserted a manjaro live usb
selected efi-usb
booted into the live manjaro distro
opened terminal
input two commands
manjaro-chroot -a
install-grub
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
[manjaro /]# manjaro-chroot -a ✔ grub-probe: error: cannot find a GRUB drive for /dev/sdb1. Check your device.map. grub-probe: error: cannot find a GRUB drive for /dev/sdb1. Check your device.map. ==> Mounting (ManjaroLinux) [/dev/sda2] --> mount: [/mnt] --> mount: [/mnt/boot/efi]
[manjaro /]# install-grub Grub will be installed on: EFI Installing for x86_64-efi platform. Installation finished. No error reported. Update UEFI Fallback file: /boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi Generating grub configuration file ... Found theme: /usr/share/grub/themes/manjaro/theme.txt Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-6.15-x86_64 Found initrd image: /boot/intel-ucode.img /boot/amd-ucode.img /boot/initramfs-6.15-x86_64.img Found initrd fallback image: /boot/initramfs-6.15-x86_64-fallback.img Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-6.12-x86_64 Found initrd image: /boot/intel-ucode.img /boot/amd-ucode.img /boot/initramfs-6.12-x86_64.img Found initrd fallback image: /boot/initramfs-6.12-x86_64-fallback.img Warning: os-prober will be executed to detect other bootable partitions. Its output will be used to detect bootable binaries on them and create new boot entries. ERROR: mkdir /var/lock/dmraid grub-probe: error: cannot find a GRUB drive for /dev/sdb1. Check your device.map. grub-probe: error: cannot find a GRUB drive for /dev/sdb1. Check your device.map. Adding boot menu entry for UEFI Firmware Settings ... Root filesystem isn't btrfs If you think an error has occurred, please file a bug report at "https://github.com/Antynea/grub-btrfs" Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+/memtest.bin Found memtest86+ EFI image: /boot/memtest86+/memtest.efi done Warning: GRUB bootloader at '/boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro' was updated. Your booted entry '' is not the same as 'Manjaro'. This may be a rescue ISO, but if not check your EFI boot priority.
After upgrading to latest debian, I’ve discovered that cpufreqd was removed from stable.
I was using it in my PC to adjust the CPU power depending of the load of the system, and automatically switch profiles. I’ve seen cpupower as a replacement, which does not allow to automatically switch profile depending of user defined rules.
Do you know any alternative? (The package is working fine for now, but I fear the day the application will not be compatible with a kernel update, and I want to prevent this before).
My concern is more about the maintability. Removing the package implies no more update, and any further update in the system can break (because there is a change in the headers somewhere, or else).
I'm able to rebuild the package from source, yes, but being able to patch it myself is a different story. That's why I was looking for any known alternatives.
Each utility is unique, and it's unlikely you'd be happy with a replacement that doesn't implement all the features you need. For now, just use the package you built, and make sure it rebuilts with each kernel update, and you should be good.
Previously on Debian 12 I followed a guide to install the AAC audio codec for my Air Pods yet after upgrading to Debian 13 I seem to have lost the codec as I can no longer select them in KDE sound settings leaving only A2DP/SBC and A2DP/SBC-XQ, now I’m a bit at a lost as I remember all I had to do was put a aac.so file into /usr/lib/x86\_64-linux-gnu/spa-0.2/bluez5/
Previously on Debian 12 I followed a guide to install the AAC audio codec for my Air Pods yet after upgrading to Debian 13 I seem to have lost the codec as I can no longer select them in KDE sound settings leaving only A2DP/SBC and A2DP/SBC-XQ, now I’m a bit at a lost as I remember all I had to do was put a aac.so file into /usr/lib/x86\_64-linux-gnu/spa-0.2/bluez5/
Anyone else lose majority of their Bluez codecs after upgrading?
Previously on Debian 12 I followed a guide to install the AAC audio codec for my Air Pods yet after upgrading to Debian 13 I seem to have lost the codec as I can no longer select them in KDE sound settings leaving only A2DP/SBC and A2DP/SBC-XQ, now I’m a bit at a lost as I remember all I had to do was put a aac.so file into /usr/lib/x86\_64-linux-gnu/spa-0.2/bluez5/
Title misleading: you did not lose "the" AAC codec after upgrading. You're asking for advice regarding a custom solution that stopped working after the upgrade.
The AAC codec is unavailable in Debian 12 bookworm.
In the case of PipeWire its support (see the 1021370 request) requires the non-free libfdk-aac2 package. A request to provide free version of the package was declined due to possible licensing and patent issues (see 981285). The only workaround is to build the AAC Bluetooth plugin from sources.
I couldn’t find instructions from Bluez to install the source and I didnt want to risk breaking my current install by just guessing hence why I went with the solution posted on Reddit.
ISO/IEC 14496-3 (MPEG-4 Audio) defines the LATM/LOAS mechanism to transport streams without using ISO/IEC 14496-1 (MPEG-4 Systems) for audio only applications. The transport mechanism uses a two-layer approach,...
It seems you're talking about something specific to bluetooth yet you made a very broad statement about "The AAC codec" earlier. As with your title: Be precise.
Today I went to check the battery status of my Airpods Max and found that 'discover' had been fully removed from Bleak. I had been getting warnings for years that it was deprecated and would eventually be axed. Today was the day. After updating Arch I was hit with discover being an unknown import from Bleak. I've tried every other trick in the book to get my Airpods battery to show on Linux, but Airstatus was the only one. I did some diving and saw that BleakScanner had replaced Discover.
I decided I might as well at some QoL things that I had wanted during my use of Airstatus. The new script accounts for Airpods Max and only shows a single battery level for them, as well as a keyboard interrupt exit script if you're like me and just check your battery in the terminal from time to time.
This is my first github fork. I don't know if I followed all the fork etiquette, but I did add delphiki in the readme markdown to credit them, as well as placed a notice at the end that it was a fork mostly for my own use. The only reason I decided to post it here is to help out anyone else that might be running into the same problem. Feel free to point out anything I should add to the readme or any problems with the script itself.
I will be spending a lot more time actually learning Python. I started learning a while back, but it had to be put on the backburner due to life in general. I'll be completely transparent in that I needed some help from AI. I know the Python basics, and I'd love to be able to fix problems like these without having to consult AI at all, but I'm just not at the level to do this on my own yet. To be fair, I used it mostly as an assistant to check and troubleshoot each block and traceback error rather than having it spit the whole script out for me. That way I at least learned a bit. I did pull up the BleakScanner page, fullstack, and Python guides at first, but I was still struggling.
I recently updated my Laptop to the latest kernel update and since then I've been experiencing issues with Bluetooth device connectivity especially after the system goes to sleep. After sleep it doesn't recongize any of the Bluetooth devices and I have to restart the OS for it to work. I've also noticed that lsusb doesn't list the Bluetooth chipset after waking from sleep mode. Does anyone have suggestion on what to do or should I do a rollback and wait it out until the next update?
My son wanted to use our Wiimote and gamepad on his computer. I wanted to make it as easy as possible for him because I remembered all the stress I had on my laptop.
Turned out on his PC it just works™. He connects it and Steam Input helps with game compatibility. While on my laptop I have to use some bluetoothctl (I think) with stupid pin-less setup and cannot use KDE's own bluetooth applet. We're both on OpenSUSE Tumbleweed.
While on my laptop I have to use some bluetoothctl (I think) with stupid pin-less setup and cannot use KDE’s own bluetooth applet. We’re both on OpenSUSE Tumbleweed.
Does rofi-bluetooth help you a little bit with things?
Hello ! Pour un voyage, je suis à la recherche de jeux qui passent bien sur steamdeck et qui ont une histoire captivante ou "story rich". Je ne suis pas attaché à un gameplay en particulier si ce n'est que je ne suis pas très plateforme.
Les deux derniers qui m'ont vraiment attrapés par les pattes, c'était Outer Wilds et DREDGE.
J'en ai noté quelques uns comme Gris, OneShot, Return of the Obra Dinn, Blue Prince ou encore Chants of Senaar mais je suis avide de vos recommendations pour étoffer cette liste et choisir la ou les perles.
j'ai pas fait les deux précédents sur Steam deck, je peux pas t'assurer qu'ils tournent dessus (mais le contraire serait étonnant). Par contre, je sais d'expérience que Firewatch tourne dessus sans problème, et ça reste un classique Pour finir, je n'oublierai jamais ma partie d'Oxenfree
Not sure if this answers your question, on my fresh install of Debian 13 it seems to default to using
/etc/apt/sources.list
For example, I had to go in there to enable non-free and it worked fine.
There is a newer/recommended format of sources files ending in .sources in the same folder. The newer format is supported as of Debian 13 but for whatever reason Debian 13 doesn't actually default to installing the newer version on fresh installs. I'm a bit confused by that but Debian's own docs do discuss it.
On my fresh install the /etc/apt/sources.list.d still exists, it looks like other software still create their own sources .list files in there when adding their own repos. Debian 13 itself does not seem to generate any files there.
In a televised statement on Sunday, Yemeni military spokesperson Brigadier General Yahya Saree confirmed that the strike was carried out with a hypersonic missile dubbed “Palestine-2.”
“The operation successfully achieved its objective,” Saree said, adding that the attack triggered air raid sirens, disrupted flights, and “halted airport activity” in the occupied territories.
The Yemeni spokesman said the strike was part of a wider campaign in response to Israel’s genocidal war on Gaza, now in its 22nd month, and in retaliation for Israeli air raids on Yemen.
Yes. It has become a buzzword. Outlets, governments, and everyone else are all calling cold war missiles "hypersonic" to make them sound like the latest big bad when they're just ballistic missiles. That same is true for "kamikaze drones" that are better described as cruise missiles.
I woke up from an unplanned nap on the couch and opened my /home folder to dive back into something I was working on. While I was dozing on the couch, this file appeared in /home and it scared the crap out of me for a second when I saw it.
My first thought was that it was the 2025 version of "The Handbook for the Recently Deceased". 😂
Turns out it was just an error message from Taskwarrior and I wasn't dead. Whew!
You would be better served by asking questions in the existing post, instead of starting multiple new ones. Besides, these questions were already answered.
Please don't "hardcode" the drive specifier (sdb in this case) when you give advice. It is not necessarily the one OP wants to wrtite to. I usually write /dev/sdX.
glim is like Ventoy, but built on GRUB with much cleaner code and no blobs. Doesn't work with as many ISOs though.
Any way you boot it, gparted should work just fine from a live ISO.
If you're just testing things out, Ventoy should be fine. If you want full assurance nothing fishy is going on when installing, do it the old way and dd the image to the USB.
I got away with a 380 MB /boot during upgrade, though that assumes you aren't dual booting another distro that also needs some room. Have you tried deleting old kernel versions?
But if you want to future-proof, the issue is that shrinking a partition from its "top" is not a supported function. For ease of explanation, suppose we want a 1.5 GB /boot partition:
This assumes your fstab file mounts by UUID (default in recent versions of Debian). If not, update /etc/fstab to match the new partition. It's been a while since I last did this, so definitely have your backup on hand and perhaps double check with other resources in case I left out any steps.
More precisely, shrinking relies on the presence of empty blocks. A filesystem usually fills from "top" to "bottom", so there would be no empty blocks to shave off the top of your nvme0n1p3, you can only shave off at the end. If you really don't want /boot at the end, you'll have to shrink nvme0n1p3, back it up, delete nvme0n1p3, expand /boot, re-create nvme0n1p3, and dd the backup back into its place.
Gal Gadot was certain the live-action remake of "Snow White" was "going to be a huge success," she told a group of interviewers in Israel in a wide-ranging interview published this week.
Does anybody have experience with the apps Neo Backup, DataBackup or ideally both?
I would like to know if there are any differences in terms of functionality, capability or reliability? Like, is there some kind of app data, that one can backup/restore while the other can't? Are there speed differences in the backup/restore process? etc.
I've searched the internet for some comparisons but couldn't find much.
For context: I want to transfer all my apps to a new phone. In the past, I've used Titanium Backup for this, but it doesn't seem to be very up-to-date anymore. Now, Neo Backup and Data Backup seem to be the most promising (besides maybe SwiftBackup, but that's not open source and only available through the Play Store, it seems). So now I could of course just use one app first, backup everything on my old phone, restore everything on the new one and then look through all the apps to see what worked and what didn't. But it would be easier if I could get a hint on which one might be more suitable for my needs 😀
Also, if you would recommend to use another app instead, please tell me!
They're almost the same, save for a few things. Neo Backup supports scheduling backups. DataBackup does not.
I've tested Neo Backup a while ago, but I've settled on DataBackup instead.
Note that for DataBackup, the APK architecture that you install MUST match your device's 'primary' architecture. If it's arm64, you must install an arm64 version of DataBackup, other versions such as arm (32-bit) will not let you past the start screen, it's a limitation they've imposed, perhaps it makes sense?
Either way, DataBackup served me well for the past year that I've been using, and it's been incredibly helpful since I frequently upgrade custom ROMs or mess around, and DB hasn't failed once.
Do note that when you copy apps to be restored (e.g sending a folder from a backup server or PC to your phone, you must also copy the 'config' folder as well, otherwise the restore operation will fail).
Disclaimer: I've already figured out how to dual boot SteamOS & Windows 10 on my Steam Deck (see this post), but things haven't gone the smoothest - hence this post and learning more about using Linux in general as a current Windows user.
Recently my Surface Pro 6 laptop, which runs one of the latest Windows 11 updates (23H2), updated to one of the new releases (24H2), and that completely bricked my laptop (bricked as in slow asf). I was able to revert back to 23H2 thankfully, but the fact that Microsoft can brick my device without my consent is unacceptable.
So, I'm hoping to learn how to install Linux and a good distro/DE combo like Fedora KDE. The Steam Deck Desktop Mode runs KDE, which I have to say sits well with my Windows sensibilities.
I also see value in dual booting though. I know about Ventoy and GParted because I used those softwares on my Steam Deck, but I was following a guide and didn't really understand what I was doing. Ventoy seems better than the alternatives like Balena and Rufus due to the multi-boot functionality.
With that all out of the way, I have questions:
How should I get started?
What hardware do I need to get started, especially if I want to multi-boot .ISOs from a singular USB drive (e.g. minimum GB size, USB specs, etc.)
What software do I need to get started? Is Ventoy and GParted enough, and do I need to configure my hardware in any specific ways so those softwares run as expected?
What should I do now to prepare to switch from Windows to Linux? FOSS apps aren't a big concern to me. I prefer them
What other technical facts should I consider when making the switch, like disabling Bitlocker and Fast Boot on my current Windows device?
If I were to load Windows 10 or 11 onto my Ventoy, are there any issues I should watch out for, like how Windows 10 overwrote my GRUB file on my Steam Deck, making it instead the default boot .ISO?
If I have games that I want to play but I can only play them via Windows 10/11, how would I enable things like Secure Boot, TPM, and other Anti-Cheat methods like what's required for Battlefield 6 (see above post I linked)?
What risks are there in making the switch, and how can I counter those risks or at least mitigate them to protect myself?
If things go completely wrong, and I brick my laptop in the middle of switching, or if something happens after I make the switch but I boot into one distro/DE or another, what's my ripcord? How do I do a complete wipe of my laptop, and will this involve breaking into the hardware to mess around with cables, like if I need to reset the motherboard?
Is there anything else that I should keep in mind?
Thanks for the help!
P.S. I'm pretty sure my laptop has these specs, if that helps.
It's a lot to take in (I'm only looking at one of your questions) but I'll start by saying I've always heard you install Linux after windows so that the Linux bootloader stays intact.
Also, you can't brick your laptop like a phone. Something goes wrong, you reinstall and try again. Linux users also backup data because what are you to expect from a computer? To be flawless? Heh.
Yeah I know I should be more careful when I use the word brick around Linux people. What I really mean is that 24H2 fucking slowed my laptop down to a halt, to the point where the update itself took 15 hours to complete. My laptop was working with acceptable performance before that. And after reverting back to 23H2, it's still slow.
Ventoy on USB sticks is good as an installation media, not a boot media, unless you want to use your ISOs as temporary systems due to their respective live boots.
For creating a dual boot, some systems have in-built tools during installation for that, usually named along the lines of "install besides/along another system", though worth noting you must have unalocated space for that. If you still have Windows on your machine, its partition manager is pretty straight forward for freeing space, in case you don't want to tinker with GParted for whatever reason.
About special configs, maybe you need to disable secure boot in the BIOS menu to run Ventoy sticks, though I may be getting VMs confused with dual booting, so take with a grain of salt that. And answering also the secure boot question, you enter the BIOS menu usually by turning off the computer, and as you turn it back on, spam F2 until the BIOS screen appears.
About making the switch, alternativeto.net is a great resource, and Wine + VMs can help too, though the dual boot may make those two a bit redundant.
About physical risks to your device, afaik there aren't any likely to happen. At most you'd need wipe the original memory, but usually installation ISOs have the function for that, including GParted within the liveboot.
Questions I skipped are the ones I don't know what to answer.
By boot media vs installation media, I think my intention would be to use a USB with Ventoy/GParted for install. After that point, can't you boot different .ISOs from the BI0S/UEFI menu?
I'd hope I wouldn't need to run Linux on my laptop with my USB always plugged in. Maybe once or a few times at first, but the Surface's singular USB port is a prime commodity. Probably should look into some docks.
I hope my question about like USB specs or whatever didn't throw you for a loop either. I meant like how much space would I need to have W10/W11, Fedora KDE, maybe Kubuntu, maybe Linux Mint, etc. to be able to distrohop easily. As a newb, just looking for literally the easiest way to do things. I can tinker with my system to get started, but I want it to be a daily driver for the long haul. And that's with knowing that for distros like Fedora I'll still need to upgrade occasionally since their releases runs shorter than something like Ubuntu's
You can make a permanent install, yeah. In that previous computer I had, I kept a dual boot with Win10 and Ubuntu for about 2 years, each taking about half the internal HD's size. And during install of Linux systems (Android x86-based ones included), usually you can install Grub which lets you choose during boot which system to boot, or if you don't touch anything, to automatically boot a given system (you can configure which is picked automatically within the OS).
I'm still trying to figure out how all of this fits together.
A suggestion I give, if you feel you hit a roadblock, give it some time to digest the information. Stress/exhaustion can hinder the capacity to absorb all the info.
And from my experience, a lot of Linux's workings either are related to each other, or at least the knownledge you get from one thing can be applied retroactively. So, from what I went through back when I was new to Linux, doing that, putting a given project aside for some days while sticking to the overall environment, allowed both things, to digest the information and to learn stuff I could then use back in such projects.
Any sources you can remember
Sadly no specific one. I dig a lot and try to sift pieces and bits that are useful.
Though, in retrospect, Stack Exchange's subforums, which often appear in researches, often also were sources for several of my solutions, even among some of the super old replies.
(Also sorry if I'm not very direct in my answers; am bit of a rambler and I have the habit of constructing essay-like answers, intro/development/conclusion)
If I have games that I want to play but I can only play them via Windows 10/11, how would I enable things like Secure Boot, TPM, and other Anti-Cheat methods like what's required for Battlefield 6 (see above post I linked)?
steam on fedora fluidly plays windows games. ea games too are running on steam. We had 0 problems
Some of the newer FPS EA games have "Anti-Cheat" features that require you to enable certain things on your own device, like Secure Boot and TPM.
I'm sure games play fine on Fedora. I'm just concerned about those bootloader type things that I'll need to enable, or know how to disable at a later time
Hi to the Fedora Community, I freshly installed Fedora 39 Worsktation Edition on my second SSD. I have a Dual boot with Windows 11. I kept my WIndows 11 installation on the other SSD to play competitive gaming such as CS:GO.
Hey, I wrote a simple intro recently from guiding two friends into Fedora KDE without any previous knowledge. Its just an introduction really, but covers some basics.
It does not cover dual booting though. As they both decided to fully swap after brief testing.
Others already mentioned Ventoy and that bricking isn't really a risk - the worst you'd encounter is a complete wipe and restart so make sure you've got things backed up either way.
I am now using debian 13 on linux-image-6.1.0-38-amd64 because linux-image-6.12.41+deb13-amd64 won't load from grub2. I don't want to get rid of linux-image-6.1.0-37-amd64 till I solve this issue
With the size of modern linux kernels, I think 1GiB for a /boot partition is the absolute minimum I would go for a current full-sized distributuon. You'll run into these out-of-space issues on updates all the time otherwise.
Yep, infuriatingly installers often default to small /boot volumes, and if you want to change that value better say goodbye to automatic partitioning. Although, after trying to make the installer behave, giving up and manually formatting the drive, I finally got the push required to set up both encrypted root and encrypted /home on separate drives.
Currently I use an 8 GiB /boot, but I really think Debian installer should start making 2 GiB or even 4 GiB /boot the default now. Dumb to have the installer shoot itself in the foot like this. Ubuntu still does the same thing for some reason, as if we don't have room on the drives to fit a bit more futureproof /boot there.
Checking the /boot size on my Fedora install, I partitioned out a gibibyte for the 3 kernel plus recovery kernel setup, which takes up about 338 MiB in total. Depending on out-of-tree kernel modules and bootloader modifications installed, your initramfs images could be larger. A few things to look for:
the size of your current initramfs and vmlinuz image(s)
any kernel modules you needed to install alongside your system (v4l2-loopback, nvidia, realtek, etc.)
If there are other large files present in the boot partition
If everything there looks fine and/or is necessary, you might need to expand your /boot partition (either reinstall if new system or offline partition shrinking, moving after a data backup if you have personal files you care about).
More or less yes, minus the copying files back if the operation was successful. You must be careful shrinking partitions as it is very easy to destroy them, and I'd have to guess the partition layout looks vaguely (EFI System Partition (/boot/efi), Boot (/boot), Root (/), ...), which would require shrink and move of the partition before or after /boot. If you're unfamiliar with shrinking a partition, a bit of reading into how it is done for your filesystem will be required. Different setups, ext4, btrfs, lvm, LUKS, etc. will have different requirements.
Use Gparted boot disk. It's a nice GUI program. It can resize partitions on the fly with data on them. It will move data within a partition if needed. I have successfully used it on XFS and BTRFS, YMMV. The usual advice of backup anything important is valid.
Although it's a bit dated, so I don't think it supports luks in the GUI. You might have to use it as a visual reference and do it via the command line.
When using XFCE in conjunction with light-locker (the default lock screen utility), it normally takes some seconds to resume from suspend as it loads up the light-locker prompt. However, I've found that if I let the prompt load up, but then close the lid without entering the password and let it enter suspend again, light-locker is almost instantly ready the next time I resume. Is there any way to do this automate this behavior when I close the lid of my laptop?
And apparently, you can tell light-locker to lock immediately with light-locker-command --lock: manpages.debian.org/buster/lig…
I guess, you might want to try out, if it works at all, before you start editing files. If it works with this, then I'd expect it work when you put it in into the file, too:
Is there a way to change the command executed by xfce4-power-manager when it wants to suspend? I assume it runs xfce4-session-logout --suspend, but I would like it to run
xfconf-query -c xfce4-power-
Going from Windows to Linux then back to windows sucks.
Edit; Going through the comments it seems it doesn’t matter so long as IT supports the operating system, which is fair, in my scenario I’m not involved with our systems-management/IT/developers unless it’s an update to the software we use.
My desktop at work is still Windows 10 and while it works, kinda, my keyboard shortcuts are almost entirely different, I’ve encountered numerous moments where switching tab either by alt-tabbing or by the taskbar not working at all forcing me to minimize everything till I find that tab, couple times it wouldn’t even boot.
I started unplugging the Ethernet cable when I leave for work so IT can’t do any behind the scenes when I’m away.
I dredd the day they force a win 11 desktop on me.
That’s really dependent on how your work manages user workstations. If your employer is big enough to have managed endpoints, you’ll need to convince your IT department, not just your boss. They’ll have to be able to officially support it (compatibility, updates, security, legal, etc.) and that also requires approval from higher ups.
We have some platform-specific tooling. I might attempt it if they didn’t let me have a Mac at work (I remote into Win for the couple of proprietary things anyway). There’s that saying, you miss all the shots you don’t take. Go for it and see.
My work allows RHEL, but it's a specialized configuration that doesn't get updated very often. I tried it for a while but it was so out of date that I couldn't build half the tools I needed, so I ended up switching back to Windows. It was about 10-15 years ago when the C++ standard was undergoing a lot of changes, and the company-approved version of GCC was several years old and didn't support any of the newest features.
Not currently... 😢 Our final product only runs on Linux, yet we develop on macOS. Even that is super annoying because we basically have 2 different buildchains we have to maintain. I was told "the tooling works" to develop on Linux... except the tooling is slow as hell and doesn't work all the time because we have bugs (I end up debugging the tooling). If we were on Linux, we could delete all this unnecessary tooling.
At my workplace all the devs are on either Mac OS or Linux, with Mac OS being more common among Web/PHP guys and Linux among the backend devs (like me). As it turns out, given the choice, nobody actually prefers Windows. I'm still baffled by Mac OS being so common, though, at least among devs.
This works because our whole IT infrastructure is designed to be accessible via the web-browser, most of it even without VPN, via two-factor authenticated single-sign-on, most of it self-hosted (all except Teams, which obviously also needs its own authentication). This gives people the freedom to run whatever OS they like on their computers and set it up themselves, with the only requirement being to use FDE with a strong password and regularly do backups to the remote storage. We're also allowed (if not encouraged) to use the laptops for private stuff and get to keep them when they're replaced.
And as far as I can tell IT problems because of this diverse environment are surprisingly minimal and mostly with those aforementioned web services.
Didn't need to, our developers work on Linux because that's what their tooling uses.
Granted it's either Ubuntu LTS or RHEL because of compliance, but they make it work. Unfortunately Linux is a second-class citizen to central IT, so when they make changes, they don't really consider Linux users, they're on their own.
In a large organization, IT team/Organization policy will never allow to let you use Linux as your OS unless it is required for project or mandated by client.
With ransomware attacks on ever rise, IT will always try to control all aspects of your office laptop/desktop. As they think they got it sorted for Windows, they will fight tooth and nail if you ever submit it ticket to get your OS replaced with Linux without project requirements.
In my view, as long as I'm allowed to install whatever on my personal devices even while working from home, I'm fine.
Office devices aren't really my property. For me, Windows during office hours, and Linux thereafter.
Yeah, go ahead and install your own Linux distro. Now you can't authenticate to the internal network or use any of the services.
At the end of the day, corporate being able to manage Linux is what makes it possible to be used in an enterprise environment. There are regulatory and auditing requirements that would otherwise make Linux not an option.
I authenticate just fine. Most of our stuff is in the cloud and web based. There's Teams for Linux, OneDrive for Linux. I use LibreOffice, and then the rest I just use the web version.
Outlook, I use the web version. Same with all the shares and print stuff.
Managed devices usually have software installed to track all such "events" that gets periodically uploaded to IT team, or gets automatically flagged to IT team based on security policies of the organization.
If you are using a managed devices, in all likelihood, all of your actions are getting automatically logged/tracked.
Installing Linux would remove all of that software. Your computer essentially disappears from/stops reporting to their systems. It would likely get removed after a while of inactivity as the lists are cleaned up. All IT jobs ive worked they like to keep the list of computers as alive as possible so that means cleaning up dead or unresponsive computers.
i consider myself lucky in that i've only been forced to use windows twice and both times they were okay with wsl; so i used that instead.
i'm guessing it depends on what your work is and since i've primarily worked on linux & solaris; there was no reason why i couldn't use it as my primary means for getting work done.
both times, they used the microsoft office suite (primarily outlook, word and excel) which was always problematic; but i suspec that's a permanent thing since that's still not even seemless when you have to go back an forth on those apps on a mac and windows.
working at a research institute, nobody set any restrictions for what os i install. there are guidelines, but only to make sure that people keep their os secure. i’m using fedora, my boss uses mint, a colleague uses macos. everyone is free (as long as it’s within a somewhat tight budget)
I used to work at a place where it was just a small operation of us three in the IT dept. helpdesk goon me, network engineer, and IT boss. I wanted more experience on Linux in a corporate environment. IT boss saw this as a learning opportunity and gave the green light so I switch my machine over.
Then network guy switched. IT boss thought this was fine too. “We learn some lessons the hard way” he mused.
This lasted several weeks and we had basically no issues. We were actually more productive than he was. He eventually was getting frustrated this little experiment of his wasn’t going the way he wanted and mandated we “had to use windows because our customers were using windows.”
We switched back. Everything went back to shit but it was familiar shit so he was fine with it.
I brought in an old surface pro X and used it. Technically still complying and it did help us figure out some issues some of our other ARM based customers had. Any it worked better than the shitty dells we were given.
I don't work at an office, but at a bicycle workshop. We just have the one computer at the frontdesk to register sales and new memberships (we're a non-profit association). So the PC doesn't have TPM 2.0 so I convinced the board to install linux on it, since it's a security risk to keep using Windows after it's going to be discontinued. But that wasn't easy ! Especially because one of the board member is an Apple fanboy and keep saying things like: "If it's free, it's probably not very good". :[
Fun story, started at a new company as a software engineer. Default device is windows, with maybe a mac if you specifically ask for it/have a need for it.
However, turns out the person in charge of IT is super chill and lets you install what you want on your on risk. Fair deal as I am not developing super critical infrastructure.
Once I had to write a utility and made sure it works on other OSes except GNU/Linux. The CTO asked in review why doing so? I explained, he said no, make it Linux only, if somebody needs to use it, they will have to install Linux then use it.
Something I appreciate about that place till this day.
As soon as microsoft announced the recall feature I was like nope this I aint consenting to that even at work. I put Nixos/Gnome on my work laptop and haven't looked back. Everytime I help someone on their windows 11 laptop it feels like a snails pace.
I wish I could convince our workplace to switch to linux. I feel like Nixos would be PERFECT for the workplace, you could just deploy like a standard config and add more apps if needed.
It would make all the software requests super easy. (given they were FOSS ofc. Even most windows apps work using Wine or Proton tbh.) I don't use any closed source apps on my laptop, but others could.
The machine the company issues you isn't yours, it's theirs. Wiping out their image and installing another OS is a fantastic way to get fired. If you handle any PII, HIPAA, or PCI data it's also a fantastic way to get sued or charged with a crime.
I work IT at a college. I don't really keep any important data on my device. It's all either on OneDrive or Teams, which is OneDrive, or maybe a Share.
I'm not too worried about it.
It may be their computer, but it's my time I'm spending on it. And if I'm going to be doing that it's not going to be on Windows.
I don't want Microsoft hearing my voice or collecting any biometric data. I don't want anything to do with them. They can screw right off. If my job doesn't value that/me, then bye.
Fuck that, I ain't no slave. My only option under the current system is to sell myself. Funny thing is though, is that I'm a human fucking being, so I get to make decisions.
I've been sysadmin where I work for 12 years, Ive been using Linux as my OS there all that time except the first month. After that month I asked the IT manager if he cared what OS I use. He said he didn't care so long as it didn't impede me getting the work done. The junior sysadmin who started a year ago now also uses Linux and my manager wishes he could too (he does too much Microsoft office to get away with it)
Small company, I'm friends with IT dude so he told me I could do it as long as I didn't go to him for tech support. He then came to me asking for help installing linux on his machine. LMAO
Your work computer likely contains personally identifiable information. Microsoft very likely has a significant profile on what you do at work and could conceivably link that to your other identities outside of work.
Are they actually doing that? It's hard to say. Microsoft does have relationships with data brokers like Snowflake Inc. and SCUBA plus its own internal capabilities like Xandr Inc.
Cross pollination is more than possible when employees use personsal devices to login to work accounts. Most of the people that I work with login to Slack on their personal device using Microsoft Entra SSO.
The other commenter is right, my work desktop has access to my home server so I can remotely monitor on my breaks, as well as my password manager.
All that's going to do is make you an annoyance and potentially end up with you being called into a special meeting.
IT can’t tell the difference, they see an offline desktop and just think it’s turned off. My IT is just a third party company that was hired for policy monitoring and updates, they work remotely and only show up on Thursdays.
The other commenter is right, my work desktop has access to my home server so I can remotely monitor on my breaks, as well as my password manager.
Well, that's your own fault and poor opsec. That's also a likely breach of your employer's acceptable use policy in using their equipment for your personal things.
I know you're going to say "They don't care" and that's probably true - right up until the point when they suddenly do care, or are looking for reasons. It doesn't matter if your IT are in-house or a MSP, they're still paid by your employers and so answer to them.
I know you're going to say "They don't care" and that's probably true
Yup, my boss an president are relatively chill until it starts effecting production.
Well, that's your own fault and poor opsec. That's also a likely breach of your employer's acceptable use policy in using their equipment for your personal things.
What the hell do you mean, my fault? If I’m on my 30 minute unpaid break I’m going to monitor my homelab on my free time regardless, what difference does it make if it’s through a web browser on the work desktop or my personal tablet.
An HTTPS request to a known and restricted server won’t bring the end to the company.
My previous job, yes! A few people had that fight years before I started and won. It was decided on the basis that we're Linux sysadmins who already operate a sizeable fleet of Linux systems and running our own desktops would be beneficial and self-supported.
Sadly my current employer doesn't share this view. We used a crippled Linux desktop through Apache Guacamole which is a bit average to say the least. I have to put up with the constant bullshit that is Windows and all of its ads, news headlines and trash that I don't want on my computer at work. I hate it but I have very little influence in that space.
I've worked in a few offices but never in an I.T. role.
Never been allowed to switch web browser, so a whole new operating system is out of the question. But I did ask once at a previous job, to get shot down.
Only place I've seen desktop Linux irl has been my own bedroom.
I started unplugging the Ethernet cable when I leave for work so IT can’t do any behind the scenes when I’m away.
Speaking as an IT guy, don't do this. Its not your computer, and it's our job to manage it. If you don't like the company's policies go work somewhere else. This is how you get my boss to call your boss into a meeting.
I've been thinking about swapping my work laptop to Linux too.
The difference is I'm in IT and I know what all things I need to put on my computer to make it compliant with all our policies and all the software I need to do my job.
I've been experimenting by running some Linux VMs with all the EDR, patching, and logging software we need. But by the time I'm doing all that, there's really no point in using Linux except for the CLI which WSL has been great for that.
found an old unused laptop in my office the week i got the job. that week, i nuked it and installed deb12. i've since installed an inventory server in a virtual machine, and i'm afraid to break everything so i guess it's gonna run deb12 for the forseeable future.
On my grub screen there are 4 options, 2 regular booting and 2 recovery mode afair.
I cannot access the first regular one, only the second one. Cannot give you a screenshot or a picture because I'm scared of rebooting the computer again.
If I execute cat /etc/debian_version it returns 13.0, so it's already upgraded.
per my previous post I completed the upgrade to 13.0, including the 900 files I didn't get to download and install after using sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
I now have a working internet connection using a lan cable.
More important than this wlan/lan issue is this new one: each time I try to update/upgrade with either sudo apt --fix-broken install, sudo apt full-upgrade, sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y I get:
`Summary: Upgrading: 0, Installing: 0, Removing: 0, Not Upgrading: 0 3 not fully installed or removed. Space needed: 0 B / 58.6 GB available
Setting up initramfs-tools (0.148.3) ... update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Setting up plymouth (24.004.60-5) ... update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.12.41+deb13-amd64 zstd: error 70 : Write error : cannot write block : No space left on device E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 E: mkinitramfs failure zstd -q -9 -T0 70 update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-6.12.41+deb13-amd64 with 1. dpkg: error processing package plymouth (--configure): installed plymouth package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of plymouth-label: plymouth-label depends on plymouth (= 24.004.60-5); however: Package plymouth is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package plymouth-label (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.148.3) ... update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.12.41+deb13-amd64 zstd: error 70 : Write error : cannot write block : No space left on device E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 E: mkinitramfs failure zstd -q -9 -T0 70 update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-6.12.41+deb13-amd64 with 1. dpkg: error processing package initramfs-tools (--configure): installed initramfs-tools package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: plymouth plymouth-label initramfs-tools Error: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) `
Welcome to a new issue of This Week in Plasma!
Every week we cover the highlights of what’s happening in the world of KDE Plasma and its associated apps like Discover, System Monitor, and more.
Pyongyang, August 15 (KCNA) -- All the people across the DPRK are greeting the 80th anniversary of Korea's liberation with great pride and self-confidence as a great revolutionary auspicious event as they are dynamically advancing along the road of independence, self-sustenance and self-defence, ushering in a great new era of comprehensive national rejuvenation under the leadership of the ever-victorious Workers' Party of Korea.
The celebration of the 80th anniversary of Korea's liberation took place in Pyongyang on August 14.
The Arch of Triumph Plaza was in majestic appearance as it reflected the excitement and joy of the people who became the masters of the new Korea and the immortal revolutionary feats and annuals of miracle over the 80 years of building the country and defending its sovereign rights. It was filled with jubilation of the people who are demonstrating the dignity and might of a powerful country, upholding the country's strong existence and steady development with the great revolutionary traditions created in the flames of the anti-Japanese struggle as precious wealth.
Kim Jong Un, general secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea and president of the State Affairs of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, attended the celebration.
When the respected Comrade Kim Jong Un arrived at the venue of the celebration amid the welcome music, fireworks were set off and a lot of balloons flew to decorate the sky in significant August.
All the participants raised the stormy cheers of "Hurrah!", looking up to the outstanding leader of the Juche revolution who put our socialist state on the top of the century as the most powerful and dignified country and dynamically led the great historic cause of realizing the ideals of the people along the road of brilliant victory and glory.
Schoolchildren presented fragrant bouquets to Kim Jong Un reflecting the unanimous desire of the people across the country.
Schoolchildren presented bouquets to senior officials of the Party, government and armed forces organs and Byacheslav Volodin, speaker of the State Duma of the Russian Federation.
Present there were members of the central leadership body of the Party, leading officials of ministries and national agencies, descendants of those related to the anti-Japanese revolutionary struggle, meritorious persons of socialist patriotism and other officials, working people, youth and students in Pyongyang, service personnel of the Korean People's Army, teaching staff and students of the revolutionary schools.
Present there on invitation were members of the delegation of the State Duma and the delegation of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation who are on a congratulatory visit to the DPRK on the occasion of the 80th anniversary of Korea's liberation, the Russian ambassador to the DPRK and his embassy members.
Present there were overseas compatriots staying in the socialist homeland including an expeditionary group of the General Association of Koreans in China for a study tour of the revolutionary battle sites in the area of Mt Paektu.
The DPRK national anthem was played solemnly.
A 21-gun salute boomed.
Choe Ryong Hae, member of the Presidium of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the WPK, first vice-president of the State Affairs Commission of the DPRK and chairman of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly, made a congratulatory speech.
Noting that today we are greeting the 80th anniversary of Korea's liberation, the first precious victory in the glorious history of the Korean revolution spanning nearly a century and an epoch-making event in 5 000 years of history, the speaker paid immortal glory and highest tribute to President Kim Il Sung who aroused the people, who had been forced to suffer the disgrace and misfortune, to the anti-Japanese national salvation and thus put an end to the colonial rule of the Japanese imperialism and achieved the epochal cause of restoring the sovereignty.
He said that the 40-odd years of struggle of our people for the independence of the country teaches the truth that the country and people without correct leadership and strength cannot escape the humiliation as a stateless nation and that the lost dignity can be regained and defended only by the powerful internal forces of the people themselves rallied close around the great leader.
Our state shows the world a new phase of the gigantic advance of further promoting the overall national power under the wise leadership of the great Comrade Kim Jong Un, he said, stressing that thanks to the great people, the superior political system embodying the people-first principle and the might united with patriotism, the vigorous prosperity of our state will continue and communism desired by the revolutionary forerunners will come true on this land.
Referring to the noble internationalist spirit and distinguished military feats of the service personnel of the Soviet Union who fought shoulder to shoulder with the Korean revolutionary army for Korea's liberation, he said that the unity and comradeship forged at the cost of blood in the struggle for the common cause are fully displayed in the battlefield of the 21st century to frustrate the imperialists' outrageous arbitrary practices and aggressive moves and are developing into a powerful alliance, which is a clear proof of the eternal vitality of the DPRK-Russia friendship.
Choe Ryong Hae said that the revolutionary forerunners who provided the mental heritage that makes people rise up through any difficulties and paved the way for victory are infinitely encouraging and pushing us towards the steady advance, calling upon all the people to continue to wage a dynamic struggle for the eternal prosperity and rejuvenation of the country firmly united with the great idea of patriotism and the principle of our state first.
Byacheslav Volodin, speaker of the State Duma of the Russian Federation, made a speech.
Saying that he was pleased to take part in the grand celebration, he read a congratulatory letter sent to Comrade Kim Jong Un, president of the State Affairs of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, by Comrade Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin, president of the Russian Federation, on the occasion of the 80th anniversary of Korea's liberation.
Expressing the will to value the Russia-DPRK friendly relations, to thoroughly implement all the provisions of the Treaty on Comprehensive Strategic Partnership between the Russian Federation and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and to strive for the development of the relations between the two countries, he wished the DPRK people prosperity and happiness.
Kim Jong Un made a significant speech on the occasion of the 80th anniversary of Korea's liberation.
Today's celebration, highly praising the new birth of the DPRK and the sacred path of its development, is the illumination of the times and a proud review of how the history of new Korea, which has lasted 80 years together with the immortal spirit of bringing about a turn in the destiny of the people, and the arduous resistance history spanning tens of years can be positioned at the peak of dignity and honour, he said, referring to the revolutionary character and political significance of the cause of national liberation through which our people regained their independent dignity.
Referring to the boundless reverence for the great people who are possessed of the noble outlook on life regarding the life devoted to the victory and glory of their country as the most valuable and happiest life, Kim Jong Un stressed that no one can break such a righteous, strong and self-respecting people and that a country built and supported by such a patriotic and self-respectful people will be ever-powerful and immortal.
Noting that the great history of the dignity and glory of the DPRK people will shine forever generation after generation, he ardently called for steadily and undauntedly overcoming the challenges facing the DPRK for the great powerful country and the eternal wellbeing and prosperity of our beloved country which will shine forth for all ages.
When Kim Jong Un finished his speech, enthusiastic cheers resounded which reflected the firm will of all the participants to remain boundlessly loyal to the historic mission and duty of their era and generation, while boundlessly loving and upholding the country which provides them with genuine life and happiness.
The celebration ended with the playing of the song "The Internationale".
The celebration was of great significance as it fully demonstrated the unshakable faith and will of the DPRK people to win without fail the final victory of the revolutionary cause of Juche pioneered in Mt Paektu by redoubling the loyalty, patriotic traditions, indomitable pioneering spirit and heroic stamina of upholding the sacred history of our state with the years of proud victory and miracles under the leadership of the great Comrade Kim Jong Un.
I edited the new debian.sources file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d according to debian instructions, started to upgrade and successfuly upgraded to 13.0, at least core debian (can use mpv, vlc, thunar, libreoffice...)
Problem is, this notebook with debian 13.0 doesnt have a working network manager and there are still 900 packages that need upgrading.
The command I entered in the terminal: sudo systemctl status NetworkManager.service returns: unit NetworkManager.service could not be found.
I have an android phone I thought I could use as a network hotspot or maybe tether, but debian 13.0 doesnt recognize it, so I really dont know what to do
Lan cable didnt work either.
Help appreciated
ETA: THANK YOU GUYS FOR YOUR AWESOME HELP!!!
special thanks to InnerScientist and stuner for their approach but what worked was what IHave69XiBucks proposed.
Yeah for like a normal update youd do just upgrade but for a full version upgrade you should be running full-upgrade. It gets rid of conflicts, and goes deeper than the normal upgrade. Just for future reference.
I kid. But really, besides "its all a file", if you take away the gui, is the only difference the syntax ? How libraries interact? How disks are mounted ?
If we stripped all ms's junk out and made windows open source, would we still prefer linux?
When you get to a very basic level, is one of them more efficiently coded?
I think its easier and shorter to say what is the same between the two than different, but some things that are different:
Filesystem (ex. Linux treats everything as a file, more flexibility in organization, more compatibility for differing systems, etc)
Security Model (NTFS vs UNIX, selinux, ACLs, etc)
File Execution (File extensions don't really matter in Linux - based on file permission not extension, ELF vs PE, etc)
Kernel (Monolithic vs Hybrid kernel systems - Windows hands off to HAL vs the Linux kernel doing core functions)
System Calls (Windows use Win32/NT APIs, Linux uses POSIX-compliant)
Performance is dependent on use case, but in general: 1. Linux uses fewer system resources 2. Linux has faster boot time 3. Linux has better CPU/disk throughput 4. Windows has better gaming driver support 5. Linux has higher stability/control (hence why its the defacto server OS)
If we stripped all ms's junk out and made windows open source, would we still prefer linux?
In what context? For gaming maybe, but that's one single use. There is more to computers than video games, at least for the majority of Linux users. I wouldn't trust Windows on any server I run.
Note: Gaming performance is purely based on money spent. There's no fundamental reason windows would have better gaming performance, it's just that there is more money being paid to engineers and vendors to support DirectX and related tooling.
Then there's the self-fulfilling aspect that, windows has the largest marketshare, so devs are going to spend the most money targeting it, so that they can get the most money in return, which means more people will use it, which leads to the high marketshare.
The ONLY reason Linux use is seeing the few percent blip in gaming is because Valve has dumped truckloads of cash into making it viable.
The licensing: Free and open source vs. paid, proprietary, and closed source. That really is the core difference, the licensing, and all the differences that come as consequences of that difference.
The OS bundled with TI-84 Plus CE Python Edition graphing calculators is a wacky one. It runs primarily on an eZ80 core for backwards-compatibility with earlier graphing calculators while also handling an ARM core for Python functions. Parts of the assembly code can be traced back to the TI-82 calculator ROM from 1993.
Most people wouldn't think a calculator would ever need a security solution, but it even verifies application signatures so students are less likely to load cheating utilities on them.
Somewhat of a cheap answer, but I feel what illustrates the difference quite well is that Linux follows the design from UNIX, which was a research project with stupid amounts of money to at least try to get things right. On the other hand, Windows originated from an OS, which was referred to by its developers as "Quick and Dirty Operating System".
And I do feel like these foundations have informed the design of all the layers built on top.
From my basic understanding: Windows has a microkernel hybrid style architecture. It's kind of like microservices. Instead of all resources being shared within a system process, You get a lot of tiny services all making calls to each other and the main kernel.
This introduces a lot of overhead because variables need to be sent and requested between processes. And they don't simply share them in the same memory.
Linux on the other hand has most services under one monolithic kernel and they can all access the same memory. So there is no need for all of that intercommunication between services.
At least that's my basic understanding and if I'm wrong (which I probably am), then somebody on the internet will now correct me.
You’re right in some ways; Windows is closer to a microkernel than Linux, though it doesn’t perfectly adhere to the philosophy of - there’s supposedly weird things like drawing calls in the Windows kernel that should be in microservice, I’ve heard
However, I wouldn’t necessarily call microkernels a detriment; in fact, Linux is a bit of an odd duck for going monolithic - modern Apple operating systems also run on a microkernel. Monolithic is an older architecture, and there are worries about the separation between components and system resilience e.g the webcam driver can’t crash the whole kernel.
In practice, it’s less of an issue, and there really aren’t any open source microkernel operating systems that are practical for production desktop and server use, which has a microkernel though there are certainly solutions for embedded systems.
QubesOS is built on Xen hypervisor, which uses a microkernel design, but Linux is then run in multiple VMs on top of it, which makes it more of a technicality in my eyes. RedoxOS also runs on a microkernel and is certainly intended as a desktop operating system, but its hardware support is limited; GNU Hurd is even more limited in that respect and not really usable.
GNU/Linux is a reimplementation of Unix, an operating system that was originally designed mainly for universities, but also mainframes.
Windows is descended from DOS, an operating system intended for home computers.
Nowadays Windows is the only widely used non-Unix-like OS; GNU/Linux, Android, macOS and iOS are all Unix-like.
If Windows became FOSS, I at least would likely switch to it. It's really the FOSS philosophy more than anything else that makes me want to use GNU/Linux.
Yes we would still prefer Linux. Windows is just a single object without any modularity. With Linux by itself is of course just a barebones kernal waiting to be added to. You can choose which gnu libraries to use you can chose which package manager to use you can chose which desktop environment to use (or ommit it entirely.) Windows doesn't have that option.
As well since the source code for linux has been open for over 30 years people know how it works, it would take ages for people to study windows and actually figure out how to do anything with it.
Up until 95, Windows was mostly a desktop environment for DOS. From 95 to ME, Windows was an OS that used DOS as its bootloader and compatibility layer. Not sure how to put it, but it was simplistic and fundamentally different from Linux.
The thing with NT-based Windows (including modern editions) is that the underlying system is joined at the hip with the GUI. Whereas Linux with your choice of coreutils is a perfectly capable OS without the GUI, many features of Windows are only accessible through the GUI.
Given enough time and resources, pretty much anything exclusive to Windows could be ported to Linux and vice versa. A lot of the difference just comes down to history and the ensuing conventions, workflows, and file hierarchies.
Even if we stripped out all the cruft and spaghetti code from Windows, there would be lots of nasty idiosyncrasies in its design, informed by its OS/2 and VMS (see Dave Cutler) heritage, profit maximization, revolving door of devs and interns, and years of bending over backwards to accommodate legacy programs.
is the only difference the syntax ? How libraries interact? How disks are mounted ?
Ah, yes.
You know, the things you just mentioned ARE the basic differences. As long as both work on the same architecture, and none reinvent the wheel, everything is the same.
And as long as you don't reinvent the computer and make a new assembly and binary, a kernel and libraries will be the most effective ways to work.
Its like saying „what is the difference between python and c++ anyway? If we just strip away everything differentiating the 2, we just get a programming lang.
And yes, I would prefer Linux, for the same reason a python Dev prefers python and a C++ Dev prefers C++: because I'm Used to the syntax and the quirks of Linux. I don't want to jump back to the ungodly CLI of cmd, powershell and everything else. I have learned the ins and outs of Linux, and that's how its gonna stay.
In case you (or someone else) wants an explanation.
Modern cameras and phones save the image orientation in the exif data while keeping the orientation of the real pixels like they were originally.
But by default imagemagick doesn't use the exif data but the real pixel orientation. That's why the orientation in the montage and after removing exif data was wrong.
I think there are options to let imagemagick read the exif data. I'm too lazy to look it up.
I currently use btrfs on almost all my server and offline backup drives mainly because of the ability to transparently compress files to save space. But apparently btrfs can get corrupted if it unexpectedly loses power? Is there a more robust and corruption resistant filesystem that you'd recommend that also has the ability to compress files?
Corruption on power loss is something that journaling should prevent and modern filesystems do that. So btrfs should be as safe as other modern filesystems.
Edit: Btrfs does no journaling, it implements resilience with another mechanism, namely Copy on write.
If you're using consumer HDD's or SSD's then they themselves can get corrupted in power failures, so the software almost doesn't matter. Better use a UPS.
Every time I want to contribute to Debian documentation, translation or the like, it feels like the tools and/or bureaucratic process is super heavy and then I just don't have time for that. It might just be me or that I haven't found "the way" but other things I can do much easier. Haven't tried to contributed to Debian Wiki, so that might be easier.
In a confrontation with BBC news chief Richard Burgess, journalist Peter Oborne sets out six ways the state broadcaster has wilfully misled audiences on Israel's destruction of Gaza
lime!
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