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Nutella maker Ferrero plans to buy century-old cereal maker WK Kellogg for $3.1 billion
https://apnews.com/article/kellogg-ferrero-cereal-chocolate-fruit-loops-a148780f0abe5ee39f1c5450204e41e8?utm_source=flipboard&utm_medium=activitypub
Posted into Business and Finance @business-and-finance-AssociatedPress
EU unveils AI code of practice to help businesses comply with bloc's rules
https://apnews.com/article/eu-ai-artificial-intelligence-european-union-a3df6a1a8789eea7fcd17bffc750e291?utm_source=flipboard&utm_medium=activitypub
Posted into Technology @technology-AssociatedPress
- Agree (75%, 3 votes)
- Disagree (0%, 0 votes)
- Lincoln did not exist (25%, 1 vote)
shortstories reshared this.
George Harrison's Beatles-era photos to be released in new book
https://apnews.com/article/george-harrison-beatles-photographs-book-third-eye-7f9fbdb0520ed542f847cdf04a90286b?utm_source=flipboard&utm_medium=activitypub
Posted into Entertainment @entertainment-AssociatedPress
"Abgeordnete von #FDP und #CDU feiern Sommerfest mit der #AfD"
spiegel.de/politik/deutschlandโฆ
Ich empfehle dazu auch mal die Interviews mit @andreaskemper bei Jung&Naiv in denen es um rechtsextreme Netzwerke geht und wie diese drei Parteien seit Jahren miteinander rumkumpeln. Nichts davon kommt รผberraschend oder ist neu.
youtube.com/watch?v=yOR4sHRRiMโฆ
youtube.com/watch?v=7KN6RisuWZโฆ
#CSU #Rechtsextremismus #Faschismus #Klassismus #Rassismus #Sexismus
ยปTabubruchยซ in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern: Abgeordnete von FDP und CDU feiern Sommerfest mit der AfD
Fรผr die Rechtsextremen ist es eine Premiere: Beim AfD-Sommerfest in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern waren auch Parlamentarier von CDU und FDP zu Gast. Ihre Parteien versuchen sich nun in Erklรคrungen, Kritiker sehen die Brandmauer am Ende.Jean-Pierre Ziegler (DER SPIEGEL)
shortstories reshared this.
Tesla announces Nov. annual meeting under pressure from shareholders, but may still be skirting law
https://apnews.com/article/tesla-grok-musk-x-chatbot-xai-trump-ce3e7da4ec6ccf0e8c5e30772af53540?utm_source=flipboard&utm_medium=activitypub
Posted into Technology @technology-AssociatedPress
Stephen King to narrate 'Hansel and Gretel' audiobook with Maurice Sendak's illustrations
https://apnews.com/article/maurice-sendak-stephen-king-audiobook-hansel-gretel-c55f23b85312686977482f6a3ab61bce?utm_source=flipboard&utm_medium=activitypub
Posted into Entertainment @entertainment-AssociatedPress
athens.indymedia.org/post/1637โฆ
#solidarity #internationalistsolidarity #prisons #greece #Anarchism #antiimperialism #ArmedStruggle
Texas officials are trying to figure out who's really missing from the floods
https://apnews.com/article/texas-floods-missing-search-count-391001a849ba1d1c39d60e723c68852e?utm_source=flipboard&utm_medium=activitypub
Posted into U.S. News @u-s-news-AssociatedPress
๐จ๏ธ Uhm, no, Ukrainian civilians can take measures to leave, after evacuation orders, Palestinians can't.
Today the EU said, that "Israel agreed to let more aid in" - so it is obvious, that European officials are not interested in #sanctions against the ISR-SettlerProject, therefore they are complicit in #CrimesAgainstHumanity and #genocide acc to int'l law. It's that simple.
There is no comparison to any other #conflict of the 21st century!
Source: MEMO
โFor over 600 days, Israel has been saying itโs targeting Hamas, but it is civilians who have been corralled, bombed and killed en masse every day,โ said Bushra Khalidi, Oxfamโs policy lead in the occupied Palestinian territory.
โThis isnโt counterterrorism, as Israel alleges โ itโs the systematic clearing of Gaza through militarized force into enclaves of internment.โ
Here are some things you can do to be better prepared for major flooding
https://apnews.com/article/flood-hurricane-emergency-disaster-prepare-abb8f9cc9ab16c89a3937638739c6663?utm_source=flipboard&utm_medium=activitypub
Posted into U.S. News @u-s-news-AssociatedPress
Proletarian Rage (@prolrage@todon.nl)
#BREAKING | Israeli occupation warplanes launch intense airstrikes on multiple areas across the #Gaza Strip. @israel@a.gup.pe @palestine@a.gup.pe #israel #palestine #IsraelTerroristState #IsraelWarCrimes #CeasefireViolations #ceasefire https://t.Todon.nl
We need to destroy the Western colonial establishment. It finances and fuels a #genocide against CHILDREN. All their "arguments" are against the lives of Palestinians and against the demands of their population.
"MSF survey shows almost half of people killed are children #Gaza
"Doctors Without Borders (MSF) have conducted research, known as a retrospective mortality survey, that reveals the appalling death rate of Israelโs all-out war on #Gaza, especially among #children.
This survey of #MSF staff and their families is consistent with conflict-related figures provided by the Gazan Ministry of Health.
Compared to pre-7 October Ministry of Health estimates, the mortality rate was five times higher among the population surveyed. For children under five, mortality increased tenfold. For babies less than one month, the mortality rate was six times higher....""
todon.eu/@autonomysolidarity/1โฆ
#IsraelTerroristState #IsraelWarCrimes #warcrimes #crimesagainsthumanity
@israel @palestine
Autonomie und Solidaritรคt (@autonomysolidarity@todon.eu)
MSF survey shows almost half of people killed are children #Gaza "Doctors Without Borders (MSF) have conducted research, known as a retrospective mortality survey, that reveals the appalling death rate of Israelโs all-out war on Gaza, especially amoโฆTodon.eu
reshared this
Ten children a day losing a limb in Gaza, warns UN-backed body
A generation of Palestinian children left disabled by Israeli attacks, with over 40,500 suffering from new war-related injuries since October 2023
middleeasteye.net/news/ten-chiโฆ
Ten children a day losing a limb in Gaza, warns UN-backed body
Ten children a day are losing one or both limbs in Gaza due to Israel's assault on the Palestinian enclave, a report warned on Tuesday.Alex MacDonald (Middle East Eye)
reshared this
โStill Not Comfortableโ: Senate Fiscal Hawks Try to Make Sense of Their Reconciliation Votes
โIโm not happy with all the things we threw in,โ Sen. Ron Johnson said.Riley Rogerson (NOTUS)
Haha googly eyes ๐
youtu.be/VCAziiAZoeM?si=ydh2qiโฆ
AI Asks Aliens What Fighting Humans Is Like | Alien Soldier Interviews Full Compilation
Ever wonder what would happen in an Alien vs Humans war? This documentary compilation reveals the truth.In the aftermath of the devastating Human-Alien War, ...YouTube
ฮฮฝฮฑฮดฮทฮผฮฟฯฮฏฮตฯ
ฯฮท ฮฑฯฯ athens indymedia
athens.indymedia.org/post/1637โฆ
ฮฯฮฏฮธฮตฯฮท ฯฯฮฑ ฮณฯฮฑฯฮตฮฏฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฮฮทฮผฮฟฮบฯฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฟฯ ฮฃฯ ฮฝฮฑฮณฮตฯฮผฮฟฯ ฯฯฮท ฮฮตฮผฮตฯฯ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฮฝฮฟฮผฮฟฯฯฮญฮดฮนฮฟ ฮดฮนฮฑฮดฮทฮปฯฯฮตฯฮฝ/ฮบฮฌฮปฯ ฯฮทฯ ฯฯฮฟฯฯฯฮฟฯ
ฮคฮฟ ฯฮฌฯฮฑฮผฮฑ ฯฮทฯ 10 ฮฮฟฯ ฮปฮฏฮฟฯ , ฮตฯฯฮฑฮณฮผฮฑฯฮฟฯฮฟฮนฮฎฯฮฑฮผฮต ฮผฮนฮฑฮฝ ฮฌฮผฮตฯฮท ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮฑฮฝฮฑฮณฮบฮฑฮฏฮฑ ฮดฯฮฌฯฮท ฯฯฮฑ ฮบฮตฮฝฯฯฮนฮบฮฌ ฯฮฟฯ ฮพฯ ฮผฮฑฯฮนฯฮผฮญฮฝฮฟฯ ฮดฮท.ฯฯ . ฮฯฯฮฌฯฮฑฮผฮต ฯฮทฮฝ ฮฑฮพฮนฮฟฮปฯฯฮทฯฮท ฯฯฯฯฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฯ, ฮตฮผฯฮฎฮบฮฑฮผฮต ฮผฮญฯฮฑ ฯฯฮฑ ฮดฮฑฮนฮผฮฟฮฝฮนฯฮผฮญฮฝฮฑ ฮณฯฮฑฯฮตฮนฮฌ ฯฮฟฯ ฯ, ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮฑฮฝฮฑฮบฮฑฮนฮฝฮฏฯฮฑฮผฮตฮฝ ฯฮฑ ฮผฮต ฯฮนฯ ฯฮฟฮณฮนฮญฯ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฯฮฑ ฯฯฯ ฯฮบฮฌ ฮผฮฑฯ, ฯฯฮญฮปฮปฮฟฮฝฯฮฑฯ ฮญฮฝฮฑ ฮพฮตฮบฮฌฮธฮฑฯฮฟ ฮผฮฎฮฝฯ ฮผฮฑ.
ฮคฮฟฯฯฮท ฮท ฮดฯฮฌฯฮท ฮตฯฮบฮญฯฮฑฮน ฯฮฑฮฝ ฯฯฮฟฮตฮนฮดฮฟฯฮฟฮฏฮทฯฮท ฯฯฮฟฮฝ ฮดฮทฯฯ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮบฮฑฮธฮต ฮบฯฮผฮผฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฯฮฟฯฯฮฑฮธฮตฮฏ ฮฝฮฑ ฮฑฮฝฮฑฮนฯฮญฯฮตฮน ฯฮฑ ฮดฮนฮบฮฑฮนฯฮผฮฑฯฮฌ ฮผฮฑฯ ฮผฮญฯฯ ฯฯฮฝ ฮดฮนฮบฯฮฑฯฮฟฯฮนฮบฯฮฝ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฯฮฟฯ ฮฝฯฮนฮบฯฮฝ ฮฝฮฟฮผฮฟฯฯฮตฮดฮฏฯฮฝ ฯฮฟฯ ฯ. ฮฮฝ ฮฑฯฮปฮฌ ฮผฮนฮฑ ฮผฮนฯฯฮนฮฌ ฮณฮตฯฯฮท ฯฮฟฯ ฯฮฟ ฯฮน ฮตฮฝ ฮฝฮฑ ฮฑฮบฮฟฮปฮฟฯ ฮธฮฎฯฮตฮน ฮฑฮฝ ฯฮฟฯฯฮตฯ ฮฟฮน ฮบฮฟฯ ฯฮฌฮปฮตฯ ฯฮฟฮปฮผฮฎฯฮฟฯ ฮฝ ฮฝฮฑ ฯฮตฯฮฌฯฮฟฯ ฮฝ ฯฮฟฯฯฮฟ ฯฮฟ ฯฮฑฯฮนฯฯฮนฮบฯ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฯฮฑฯฮฌฮฝฮฟฮผฮฟ ฮฝฮฟฮผฮฟฯฯฮญฮดฮนฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฯ.
ฮคฮฟ ฮฝฮฟฮผฮฟฯฯฮญฮดฮนฮฟ ฮญฯฮบฮตฯฮฑฮน ฯฮฑฮฝ ฮผฮนฮฑ ฮฑฯฮฟฮบฮฟฯฯฯฯฯฮท ฯฯฮฟฮฝ ฮตฮบฯฮฑฯฮนฯฮผฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฮฒฮนฯฮฝฮฟฯ ฮผฮต ฯฯฯฮฟ ฯฯฮทฮฝ ฮบฯฯฯฮฟ ฯฯฮฟ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฯฮฑฮณฮบฯฯฮผฮนฮฑ ฯฮฟฮฝ ฯฮตฮปฮตฯ ฯฮฑฮนฯ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮนฯฯ. ฮฃฮต ฮผฮนฮฑ ฯฮตฯฮฏฮฟฮดฮฟ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฯ ฮผฮฒฮฑฮฏฮฝฮตฮน ฮท ฮฟฮนฮบฮฟฮฝฮฟฮผฮนฮบฮฎ ฮฝฮตฮฟฮฑฯฮฟฮนฮบฮนฮฑฮบฮฎ ฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮบฯฮทฯฮท ฯฮฟฯ ฮฝฮทฯฮนฮฟฯ ฮผฮฑฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฯ ฮณฮตฮฝฮฟฮบฯฮฟฮฝฮนฮบฮฟฯฯ ฯฮนฯฮฝฮนฯฯฮญฯ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮท ฮฑฮทฮดฮนฮฑฯฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฯฯ ฮฝฮตฮฝฮฟฯฮฎ ฯฮฟฯ ฮบฯ ฯฯฮนฮฑฮบฮฟฯ ฮบฯฮฌฯฮฟฯ ฯ ฯฯฮทฮฝ ฮณฮตฮฝฮฟฮบฯฮฟฮฝฮฏฮฑ ฯฯฮฝ ฮณฮตฮนฯฯฮฝฯฮฝ ฮผฮฑฯ, ฮผฮต ฯฮนฯ ฮตฯฮนฯฮตฮนฯฮฎฯฮตฮนฯ ฯฮบฮฟฯฯฮฑ ฮฑฯฯ ฯฮฑ ฮผฯฮฑฯฯฮฟฮตฮนฮดฮฎ ฮฑฯฮฟฮฒฯฮฌฯฮผฮฑฯฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฮผฮฑฮถฮตฯฮบฮฟฯ ฮฝ ฯฯฯฯฯฯ ฮณฮตฯ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฮฝฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฯ ฮดฮญฯฮฟฯ ฮฝ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮฝฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฯ ฮฑฯฮตฮปฮฌฯฮฟฯ ฮฝ, ฮผฮต ฯฮฑ ฯฮฟฮปฯ ฯฯ ฯฮฝฮฌ ฯฯ ฮผฮฒฮฌฮฝฯฮฑ ฯฯฮฝ ฮฟฮผฮฟฯฯฮฑฮฝฯฯฮฟฮฒฮนฮบฯฮฝ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฯฮฑฯฯฮนฯฯฮนฮบฯฮฝ ฮตฮณฮบฮปฮทฮผฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮผฮฏฯฮฟฯ ฯ, ฮผฮต ฯฮทฮฝ ฯฯ ฮณฮบฮฌฮปฮทฯฮท ฮดฮฟฮปฮฟฯฮฟฮฝฮนฯฮฝ ฮบฮฑฮน ฮตฮณฮบฮปฮทฮผฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮบฮฌฮธฮต ฮตฮฏฮดฮฟฯ ฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฮดฮนฮบฮฑฯฯฮฎฯฮนฮฑ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮฑฯฯฯ ฮฝฮฟฮผฮฏฮฑ, ฮญฯฮบฮตฯฮฑฮน ฯฯฯฮฑ ฮท ฮพฮตฯฮฟฯ ฮปฮทฮผฮญฮฝฮท ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮดฮนฮตฯ ฮธฮฑฯฮผฮญฮฝฮท ฮบฯ ฮฒฮญฯฮฝฮทฯฮท ฮผฮต ฯฮท ฮดฮตฮพฮนฮฌ ฯฯ ฮผฯฮฟฮปฮฏฯฮตฯ ฯฮท ฮฝฮฑ ฮผฮฑฯ ฯฯฮตฯฮฎฯฮตฮน ฯฮฑ ฯฮตฮปฮตฯ ฯฮฑฮฏฮฑ ฮผฮญฯฮฑ ฮฑฮณฯฮฝฮฑ ฮตฮฝฮฌฮฝฯฮนฮฑ ฯฮต ฯฮฟฯฯฮท ฯฮทฮฝ ฮบฮฑฯฮฌฯฯฮฑฯฮท. ฮคฮฟ ฮดฮนฮบฮฑฮฏฯฮผฮฑ ฮฝฮฑ ฯฮบฮฑฮฏฮฝฮฟฯ ฮผฮต ฯฯฮฟฯ ฯ ฮดฯฯฮผฮฟฯ ฯ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฮฝฮฑ ฮดฮนฮฑฮผฮฑฯฯฯ ฯฮนฮธฮฟฯฮผฮต ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮฝฮฑ ฮฑฮฝฯฮนฯฯฮฑฮธฮฟฯฮผฮต, ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฯฮทฮฝ ฮตฮปฮตฯ ฮธฮตฯฮฏฮฑ ฯฮทฯ ฮญฮบฯฯฮฑฯฮฎฯ ฮผฮฑฯ.
ฮฯฮบฮฟฯ ฮฝฯฮฑฮน ฯฮฑ ฯฯ ฮฝฯฮทฯฮทฯฮนฮบฮฌ ฯฯฮฟฮณฮปฮฌฮฝฮนฮฑ ฮฝฮฑ ฮดฯฮบฮฟฯ ฮฝ ฮผฮต ฮญฮฝฮฑ ฮฝฮฟฮผฮฟฯฯฮญฮดฮนฮฟ ฯฯฮฟฮฝ ฮผฮท ฮตฮบฮปฮตฮณฮผฮญฮฝฮฟ ฮฑฯฯฮทฮณฯ ฯฮทฯ ฮตฮณฮบฮปฮทฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎฯ ฮฑฯฯฯ ฮฝฮฟฮผฮฏฮฑฯ, ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฯฮต ฯฯฮฟฮนฮฟฮฝ ฮบฮฑฯฮญฯฮตฮน ฮตฮพฮฟฯ ฯฮฏฮฑ, ฯฮฟ ฮดฮนฮบฮฑฮฏฯฮผฮฑ ฮฝฮฑ ฮดฮนฮฑฮปฯฯฮตฮน ฮฟฯฮฟฮนฮฑฮฝฮดฮฎฯฮฟฯฮต ฮดฮนฮฑฮผฮฑฯฯฯ ฯฮฏฮฑ ฮธฮญฮปฮตฮน ฮณฮนฮฑ ฯฯฮฟฮนฮฟฮฝ ฮปฯฮณฮฟ ฮธฮญฮปฮตฮน, ฯฯฯฮฏฯ ฮฝฮฑ ฯฯฮตฮนฮฑฯฯฮตฮฏ ฮฝฮฑ ฮปฮฟฮณฮฟฮดฮฟฯฮฎฯฮตฮน ฯฮฟฯ ฮธฮตฮฝฮฌ. ฮฯฮบฮฟฯ ฮฝฯฮฑฮน ฮฝฮฑ ฮผฮฑฯ ฮฑฯฮฑฮนฯฮญฯฮฟฯ ฮฝ ฯฮฟ ฮดฮนฮบฮฑฮฏฯฮผฮฑ ฯฯฮทฮฝ ฯฯฮฟฯฯฮฑฯฮฏฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฯฮฟฯฯฯฮฟฯ ฮผฮฑฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฮฑ ฯฯ ฯฯฮฎฮผฮฑฯฮฑ ฮตฮปฮญฮณฯฮฟฯ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮบฮฑฯฮฑฯฮฟฮปฮฎฯ, ฮณฮนฮฑ ฮฝฮฑ ฮผฮฑฯ ฮฑฯฮฟฮธฮฑฯฯฯฮฝฮฟฯ ฮฝ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฮฟ ฮฝฮฑ ฯฮบฮฑฮฏฮฝฮฟฯ ฮผฮต ฯฯฮฟฯ ฯ ฮดฯฯฮผฮฟฯ ฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฯฮฒฮฟ ฮบฯฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎฯ ฮบฮฑฯฮฑฯฯฮฟฮปฮฎฯ ฮฎ ฮตฯฮฑฮณฮณฮตฮปฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฯฮฝ ฯฯ ฮฝฮตฯฮตฮนฯฮฝ, ฮณฮนฮฑ ฮฝฮฑ ฮผฮฑฯ ฮฑฯฮฟฮธฮฑฯฯฯฮฝฮฟฯ ฮฝ ฮฝฮฑ ฯฮฟฮปฮผฮฎฯฮฟฯ ฮผฮต ฯฮทฮฝ ฮฮฮฮฮฮกฮฃฮ.
ฮฮบฯฮผฮฑ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮฑฮฝ ฯฮฟ ฮบฯฮฏฮฝฮฟฯ ฮผฮต ฮผฮญฯฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฮฟ ฮดฮนฮบฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฯ ฯฮฟ ฮบฯฮฑฯฮนฮบฯ, ฮตฯ ฯฯฯฮฑฯฮบฯ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮดฮนฮตฮธฮฝฮญฯ ฮดฮฏฮบฮฑฮนฮฟ, ฯฮฟฯฯฮฟ ฯฮฟ ฮฝฮฟฮผฮฟฯฯฮญฮดฮนฮฟ ฮตฮฏฮฝฮฑฮน ฮฑฮฝฯฮนฯฯ ฮฝฯฮฑฮณฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฯ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฯฮฑฯฮฌฮฝฮฟฮผฮฟ, ฯฯฯฮฟ ฮผฮฌฮปฮปฮฟฮฝ ฮฑฮฝ ฯฮฟ ฮบฯฮฏฮฝฮฟฯ ฮผฮต ฮผฮญฯฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฮทฮฝ ฯฯ ฮปฮปฮฟฮณฮนฮบฮฎ ฯฯ ฮฝฮตฮฏฮดฮทฯฮท ฯฮฟฯ ฮบฯ ฯฯฮนฮฑฮบฮฟฯ ฮปฮฑฮฟฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฮฟฯฯฮญ ฮตฮฝ ฮธฮฑ ฯฯ ฮฝฮฑฮนฮฝฮฟฯฯฮต ฯฮต ฮบฮฌฯฮน ฯฯฯฮฟ ฮฑฮดฮนฮฑฮฝฯฮทฯฮฟ.
ฮฮฝฮฑฮณฯฯฮฏฮถฮฟฯ ฮผฮต ฯฮฟ ฮดฮทฯฯ ฯฯฯฮฟ ฯฮถฮฑฮน ฯฮทฮฝ ฮฑฯฯฯ ฮฝฮฟฮผฮฏฮฑ ฯฯ ฮฑฯฯฮนฮตฮณฮบฮปฮทฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฮญฯ ฮดฮนฮตฯ ฮธฮฑฯฮผฮญฮฝฮตฯ ฮฟฯฮณฮฑฮฝฯฯฮตฮนฯ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮณฮตฮปฮฟฯฮผฮต ฯฮต ฮบฮฌฮธฮต ฮผฮฑฮปฮฑฮบฮฏฮฑ ฯฮตฯฮน ฮฝฮฟฮผฮนฮผฯฯฮทฯฮฑฯ ฮบฮฑฮน ฮฑฯฯฮฌฮปฮตฮนฮฑฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฮบฮฌฮปฮปฮฟฯ ฮฝ ฯฯฮฟฯ ฯฮฑ ฮญฮพฯ ฯฮตฯฮนฯฮฑฮฏฮถฮฟฮฝฯฮฑฯ ฯฮทฮฝ ฮฝฮฟฮทฮผฮฟฯฯฮฝฮท ฯฮฟฯ ฮปฮฑฮฟฯ ฮผฮฑฯ. ฮ ฮฏฮดฮนฮฑ ฮฑฯฯฯ ฮฝฮฟฮผฮฏฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฮบฮฑฮธฮทฮผฮตฯฮนฮฝฮฌ ฯฮฑฯฮฑฮฒฮนฮฌฮถฮตฮน ฯฮฑ ฮดฮนฮบฮฑฮนฯฮผฮฑฯฮฑ ฯฯฮฝ ฯฯ ฮผฯฮฟฮปฮนฯฯฮฝ ฮผฮฑฯ, ฯฮฟฯ ฮตฮฝ ฯฮฏฯฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฮบฮฌฮธฮต ฮบฯฮบฮปฯฮผฮฑ ฮผฮฑฯฮฏฮฑฯ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮฝฮฑฯฮบฯฯฮนฮบฯฮฝ, ฯฮฟฯ ฯฯ ฮณฮบฮฑฮปฯฯฯฮตฮน ฮดฮฟฮปฮฟฯฮฟฮฝฮฏฮตฯ ฯฯฮทฮฝ ฮฮฟฯ ฯฯฮฑฮณฮนฮฌฮบฮฑ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฮฝฮฑ ฯฯฮฟฯฯฮฑฯฮตฯฯฮตฮน ฯฮทฮฝ ฮฟฮนฮบฮฟฮณฮญฮฝฮตฮนฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฯ ฮฝฮฑฮณฮตฯฮผฮนฮบฮฟฯ ฮฮฝฮฑฯฯฮฑฯฮนฮฌฮดฮท, ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฯฮฟฮฝ ฮฏฮดฮนฮฟฮฝ ฮดฮทฯฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฮฟฮปฮนฯฮนฮบฯฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฮตฮบฮฑฯฮทฮณฮฟฯฮฎฮธฮทฮบฮต ฮณฮนฮฑ ฮฒฮนฮฑฯฮผฯ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮฒฮฟฮทฮธฮฎฯฮฑฮฝ ฯฮฟฮฝ ฮฝฮฑ ฮฑฮธฯฯฮธฮตฮฏ. ฮฮพฮตฯฮฟฯฮปฮทฯฮฑฮฝ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮตฮพฮนฮผฮฌฯฮนฯฮฑฮฝ ฯฮฟฮฝ ฯฯฯฮฟ ฮผฮฑฯ, ฮตฮฝ ฮฝฮฑ ฮญฯฯฮฟฯ ฮฝ ฮฝฮฑ ฮบฮปฮฑฯฯฮฟฯฮฝ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฯฮทฮฝ โฯฮฑฯฮฌฮฝฮฟฮผฮทโโ ฮดฯฮฌฯฮท ฮผฮฑฯ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮณฮนฮฑ ฯฮทฮฝ ฮฑฮฝฮฌฮณฮบฮท ฮฝฮฑ ฯฮตฯฮฌฯฮตฮน ฯฮฟ ฯฮฑฯฮฌฮฝฮฟฮผฮฟ ฮฝฮฟฮผฮฟฯฯฮญฮดฮนฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฯ. ฮ ฮดฯฮฌฯฮท ฮผฮฑฯ, ฮผฮนฯฮทฯฮฌ ฮผฮตฮณฮฑฮปฮฟฮผฮฑฮฝฮนฮฑฮบฮฌ ฮบฮฑฮธฮฌฯฮผฮฑฯฮฑ, ฮฝฮฟฮผฮนฮผฮฟฯฮฟฮนฮตฮฏฯฮฑฮน ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮดฮนฮบฮนฮฟฮปฮฟฮณฮตฮฏฯฮฑฮน ฮฑฯฯฮปฯ ฯฮฑ ฯฯ ฮผฮนฮฑ ฮดฮฏฮบฮฑฮนฮฑ ฯฯฮฌฮพฮท ฮฑฮฝฯฮฏฯฯฮฑฯฮทฯ ฮตฮฝฮฌฮฝฯฮนฮฑ ฯฯฮทฮฝ ฮธฮตฯฮผฮนฮบฮฎ ฯฮฑฯ ฮฑฮดฮนฮบฮฏฮฑ. ฮ ฮฌฮผฯ ฮฝฮฑ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮฑฮฝฯฮฏฯฯฮฑฯฮท ฮตฮฝฮฌฮฝฯฮนฮฑ ฯฯฮทฮฝ ฯฯ ฯฮฑฮฝฮฝฮฏฮฑ ฯฮฑฯ ฮตฮฝฮตฮฝ ฮฑฯฮปฮฌ ฮดฮนฮบฮฑฮฏฯฮผฮฑ, ฮฑฮปฮปฮฑ ฮบฮฑฮธฮฎฮบฮฟฮฝ.
ฮ ฮตฯฮฑฮนฯฮญฯฯฮฝ, ฮฑฮฝฮฑฮณฮฝฯฯฮฏฮถฮฟฯ ฮผฮต ฯฮทฮฝ ฯ ฯฮฟฮบฯฮนฯฮฏฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฮฑ ฮบฯฮผฮผฮฑฯฮฑ ฯฮทฯ ฯฯ ฮผฮผฮฑฯฮฏฮฑฯ ฯฮทฯ ฮบฯ ฮฒฮญฯฮฝฮทฯฮทฯ (ฮฮฮ ฮ, ฮฮฮฮ, ฮฮฮฮ) ฯฮฟฯ ฮญฯฮบฮฑฮปฮฑฮฝ ฮบฮฑฯฮนฮญฯฮฑ ฯฮฌฮฝฯ ฯฯฮทฮฝ ฮฑฮฝฯฮนฯฮฟฯ ฮฝฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฯฮทฯฮฟฯฮนฮบฮฎ, ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮญฯฮบฮฟฯ ฮฝฯฮฑฮน ฮฝฮฑ ฯฮตฯฮฌฯฮฟฯ ฮฝ ฯฮฟ ฯฮนฮฟ ฯฮฟฯ ฮฝฯฮนฮบฯ ฮฝฮฟฮผฮฟฯฯฮญฮดฮนฮฟ ฯฯฮทฮฝ ฮนฯฯฮฟฯฮฏฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฯฯฮฟฯ ฮผฮฑฯ. ฮคฮฟ ฮผฮญฮปฮปฮฟฮฝ ฮตฮพฮฑฯฯฮฌฯฮฑฮน ฯฮฟฯ ฮตฯฮฌฯ. ฮฮฌฮผฮตฯฮต ฯฮนฯฯ.
ฮฮบฯฯฮฌฮถฮฟฯ ฮผฮต ฯฮทฮฝ ฮฑฮณฮฑฮฝฮฌฮบฯฮทฯฮท ฯฮฟฯ ฮปฮฑฮฟฯ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮธฮญฮปฮฟฯ ฮผฮต ฮฝฮฑ ฮตฮฝฯฮบฮฑฯฮบฯฮฝฮฟฯ ฮผฮต ฯฮฟ ฮฑฮฝฯฮนฯฯฮฑฯฮนฮฑฮบฯ ฯฮฝฮตฯฮผฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฮปฮฑฮฟฯ ฮตฮฝฮฌฮฝฯฮนฮฑ ฯฮต ฮบฮฌฮธฮต ฮดฮนฮตฯ ฮธฮฑฯฮผฮญฮฝฮท ฮตฮพฮฟฯ ฯฮฏฮฑ.
ฮฯฮฟ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฯฮฟ ฮฮฮฮ ฯฮฟฯ ฮผฮฑฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฮปฮฌ ฮฑฮฝฯฮนฯฯ ฯฯฮทฮผฮนฮบฯฯฮทฯฮฑ, ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮตฯฮปฯฮผฯฯฮต ฮผฮฑฯ ฯฯฮน ฮตฮบฯฯฮฟฯฯฯฮตฮฏ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฮบฮฑฮปฮฌ ฮบฮฌฯฮฟฮนฮฟฮฝ ฮตฮฏฮดฮฟฯ ฯ ฮปฮฑฮฟฯ? ฮฑฮณฯฮฝฮฑ? ฮญฯฮฟฯ ฮผฮต ฮฑฯฮฟฯฮฏฮฑ ฮฑฮฝ ฮธฮฑ ฮฑฯฮฟฮดฮตฮฏฮพฮตฮน ฯฯฯฮฟ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฮนฮฑฮฝฯฮบฮฟฮผฮผฮฑ, ฮผฯฮฑฯฯฯฮบฮฟฮผฮผฮฑ, ฮบฯฮผฮผฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฯ ฯฯฮฎฮผฮฑฯฮฟฯ ฯฯ ฯฮฟ ฮบฯฮบฮบฮฑฮปฮฟ ฮญฮฝฮท, ฯฮทฯฮฏฮถฮฟฮฝฯฮฑฯ ฯฮฟ ฮฝฮฟฮผฮฟฯฯฮญฮดฮนฮฟ ฮฎ ฮฝฮฑ ฮธฮฑ ฯฯ ฮฝฮตฯฮฏฯฮตฮน ฮฝฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ ฮปฮฌ ฯฮฟ ฯฮฑฯฮฑฮผฯฮธฮน.
ฮ ฮฟฯ ฯฮทฮฝ ฮฌฮปฮปฮท ฯฮฟ ฮฮฮฮ ฯฯฯฮตฯฮฑฮน ฮฝฮฑ ฮบฮฑฯฮฑฮธฮญฯฮตฮน ฯฯฮฟฯฮฟฮปฮฟฮณฮฏฮตฯ ฮบฮฑฮน ฮฌฮปฮปฮตฯ ฮฒฮปฮฑฮบฮตฮฏฮตฯ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฮฝฮฑ ฯฯฯ ฯฯฯฮตฮน ฯฮฟ ฯฮฌฯฮน ฯฮฟฯ ฯฮฑฯฮนฯฮผฮฟฯ, ฮบฮฑฮน ฮญฯฮบฮตฯฮฑฮน ฮฝฮฑ ฮญฮฒฯฮตฮน ฮผฯฯฮฟฯฯฮฌ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฮฑ ฯฯฯฮฝฮนฮฑ โฮบฮฑฯฮฑฮดฮฏฮบฮทฯ ฯฮทฯ ฮบฮฟฯ ฮบฮฟฯฮปฮฑฯโ.
ฮฮนฮฑ ฮผฮฑฯ ฮตฮฝ ฮพฮตฮบฮฌฮธฮฑฯฮฟ, ฮบฮฑฮผฮนฮฌ ฮตฯฮฏฯฮทฮผฮท ฮฟฯฮณฮฌฮฝฯฯฮท, ฮบฯฮผฮผฮฑ, ฮผฮบฮฟ, ฮดฮตฮฝ ฮธฮฑ ฮณฮฏฮฝฮตฮน ฮตฯฮนฮธฮตฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฯฯฮฟฯ ฯฮฟ ฮบฯฮฌฯฮฟฯ ฮบฮฑฮน ฯฮฟฯ ฯ ฯฮฑฯฮนฯฯฮฟฮธฮตฯฮผฮฟฯฯ ฯฮฟฯ . ฮฮปฮฟฮน ฯฯฮฟฮน ฮฑฮฝฮฑฮณฮฝฯฯฮฏฮถฮฟฯ ฮฝ ฯฮทฮฝ ฮฑฮฝฮฌฮณฮบฮท ฯฮทฯ ฮปฮฑฯฮบฮฎฯ ฮฑฯ ฯฮฟฮฌฮผฯ ฮฝฮฑฯ, ฯฮทฯ ฮฑฮฝฯฮตฯฮฏฮธฮตฯฮทฯ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฯฮทฮฝ ฯฯฮฟฯฯฮฑฯฮฏฮฑ ฮบฮฑฮน ฯฮทฮฝ ฮตฯฮญฮบฯฮฑฯฮท ฯฯฮฝ ฮตฮปฮตฯ ฮธฮตฯฮนฯฮฝ ฮผฮฑฯ, ฮธฮฑ ฯฯฮญฯฮตฮน ฮฝฮฑ ฮดฯฮฌฯฮฟฯ ฮฝ ฮญฮพฯ ฯฮฟฯ ฯฮตฯ ฮณฯฮฑฮผฮผฮญฯ ฯฮถฮนฮฑฮน ฯฮฑ ฯฯฮตฮณฮฑฮฝฮฌ ฯฯฮฝ ฮตฯฮฏฯฮทฮผฯฮฝ ฯฮฟฯฮญฯฮฝ ฯฮฟฯ ฯ.
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Settler Colonialism in Light of F. Fanon: Algeria yesterday, Kanaky todayโฆ (Part 1)
As settler-colonial violence escalates from Kanaky to Palestine, Fanonโs century-old warnings are critical todayโcapitalismโs genocidal expansion demands revolution.
Originally published in Saรฏd Bouamamaโs blog .
The year 2024 marked the centenary of the birth of Amilcar Cabral, a Guinean and Cape Verdean thinker who remains largely unknown for his contributions to national liberation processes and struggles. The year 2025 will mark the centenary of the birth of African-American Malcolm X (May 19), Congolese Patrice Lumumba (July 2), and Martinican and Algerian[1] Frantz Fanon (July 20). These four anniversaries come at a time in history when, from Kanaky to Palestine, via Western Sahara, Polynesia, Mayotte, Bermuda, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, etc., the question of direct colonization remains unresolved. They are taking place above all in a phase of the global imperialist system that is seeing the deployment of new processes of colonization. From Libya to Syria, from Sudan to the Democratic Republic of Congo, balkanization and chaos are being promoted as a strategy for maintaining total dependence, that is, colonization under new guises.
In the same historical sequence, and unsurprisingly, popular movements are developing, rediscovering the concepts, demands, figures, and aspirations of the 1950s to 1970s, which were those of Bandung, armed independence struggles, Pan-African congresses, the Tricontinental Movement, the denunciation of neocolonialism, etc. The aspiration to Bolivarianism in many movements and countries in Latin America, to Pan-Africanism in many African countries, the return of expressions such as โneocolonialism,โ โsecond independence,โ and โpatriotism,โ and the rediscovery and vindication of figures such as Cabral, Keita, Sankara, etc., by many African youth movements and diasporas, all express, in our view, the opening of a second phase of national liberation struggles, after several decades of global counterrevolution following the upheaval in the balance of power in favor of US hegemonic imperialism after the disappearance of the USSR.
Of course, this new phase is far from homogeneous. Each national situation has its own specificities linked to national history and to the class configurations that have crystallized since formal independence, that is, since the substitution of neocolonialism for direct colonization. The awareness mentioned above remains fraught with ideological confusion and political illusions. This in no way diminishes their importance or the transformative power they carry. Historical necessities take whatever paths they can. Great qualitative leaps in emancipation never take a โpure form.โ They happen as best as they can,, that is, according to the legacy and transmission of past struggles, the state of global power relations, the existence or absence of an anti-imperialist movement in the imperialist centers, the degree of organization of the bearers of these new aspirations, and their roots in the popular classes, which remain those with a total interest in breaking free from colonial dependence. Of course, other classes that have crystallized since formal independence may have an interest in loosening the colonial stranglehold, but only the working classes have a vital interest in breaking it entirely. In these periods of renewed struggle, it is essential to take the lessons of the past into account.
This conclusion, which is relevant to all forms of colonization, is even more significant in the case of settler colonization, such as that in Palestine, Western Sahara, and Kanaky. Frantz Fanonโs thinking and actions are particularly relevant to these forms of colonization, as both were developed in the context of settler colonization, namely that of Algeria.
Colonization in generalโฆ
The definitions commonly given of colonization tend to be reduced to a purely descriptive dimension. As a result, they tend to underestimate or render invisible what drives colonization, namely, the total subjugation of the economy of one social-national formation to the needs of another national economy. It is this process of dependency that characterizes colonization in the capitalist era, as well as other territorial occupations that have marked human history.
From its earliest stages in the fifteenth century, the new capitalist mode of production that emerged in Europe within the feudal system was characterized by a tendency toward expansion. The laws of profit and competition drove expanded reproduction, that is, the annexation and destruction of other modes of production and their social relations, and with them the cultures and superstructures that accompanied them. Aimรฉ Cรฉsaire aptly sums up this logic of expanded reproduction: โWhat is colonization in principle? [โฆ] to admit once and for all, without flinching from the consequences, that the decisive gesture here is that of the adventurer and the pirate, the gold seeker and the merchant, of appetite and force, with, behind it, the evil shadow of a form of civilization which, at a certain point in its history, finds itself internally compelled to extend the competition of its antagonistic economies on a global scale[2] . Faced with competition from other capitalists, each owner of capital is forced to expand quantitatively in order to survive. To do so, they are constantly searching for cheaper raw materials, more profitable technologies, and new markets. In other words, capitalism can only function by expanding.
This process of expansion is all-encompassing. It involves both the destruction of other modes of production within a national formation (France, England, etc.) and the violent conquest of the first colonies. These two types of expansion are inextricably linked. The โcolonization of the New Worldโ boosted the primitive accumulation of capital in Europe. For this reason, capitalism and colonization are two sides of the same coin. They are consubstantial. The same logic also leads to slavery to supply labor for the mines and plantations of the colonies on the one hand, and to racist theories to ideologically legitimize slavery and colonization on the other. Capitalism, colonialism, slavery, and racism thus emerged in the same historical sequence [15th-16th centuries]. They form a system[3] . For this reason, colonization must also be defined as a process of universalization of the capitalist mode of production and its relations of production.
This second definition complements the first but does not replace it. Unlike in Europe, capitalism imposed by force in the colonies was not the result of the internal dynamics of the colonized nations. It was not the result of social contradictions at work in their history. Colonization is even, as Cabral rightly said, the violent interruption of that history. It follows that the struggle for national liberation constitutes a return to this specific history: โNational liberation is the phenomenon, in a given socio-economic context, of negating the negation of its historical process. In other words, the national liberation of a people is the reconquest of that peopleโs historical personality; it is its return to history through the destruction of the imperialist domination to which it was subjected[4] .โ
The extension of the capitalist mode of production through colonization leads to a unification of the world but not to its homogenization. It unfolds, explains Samir Amin, on the basis of a structuring of the world into dominant imperialist centers and dominated colonial and semi-colonial peripheries[5] . Peripheral colonial capitalism is dependent, the development of its productive forces is limited, its class configurations are specific, etc. Taking into account this dependent nature of colonial capitalism led Frantz Fanon to warn against the danger of imposing European models on the colonies: โIn the colonies, the economic infrastructure is also a superstructure. The cause is the consequence: one is rich because one is white, one is white because one is rich. This is why Marxist analyses must always be slightly relaxed whenever the colonial problem is addressed. Even the concept of pre-capitalist society, which Marx studied so thoroughly, needs to be rethought here.โ
โฆto settlement colonization
The above definitions of colonialism will take different forms depending on the specific characteristics of the colonial power on the one hand, and the state of the balance of power and resistance on the other. Amilcar Cabral thus distinguishes between direct colonialism (โa political power composed of agents foreign to the dominated peopleโ) and indirect colonialism (โa political power composed, in its majority or entirety, of indigenous agentsโwhich we have agreed to call neocolonialism[7] โ). With regard to direct colonization, he highlights three scenarios: the complete destruction of the social structure of the colonized people, the partial destruction of this structure, and its preservation but confinement to areas of relegation or reserves. While we agree with Cabralโs presentation, we believe that this triptych can be reduced to a duality: settlement colonization, which encompasses the first and third cases, and exploitation colonization, which constitutes the second. Kanaky and its imposition of confinement of the Kanaks in reserves until 1946, and Algeria and its massive dispossession of indigenous lands, both fall under the same colonization of settlement that is the subject of Frantz Fanonโs theses.
Amilcar Cabral highlights the inevitably genocidal tendency of colonization by settlement, painfully recalled last year by the genocide suffered by the Palestinian people. This โcomplete destruction of the social structure [is], he emphasizes, generally accompanied by the immediate or gradual liquidation of the indigenous population and, consequently, its replacement by an alien population[8] .โ
In Kanaky, this genocide is now widely documented. A 2008 UNESCO publication recalls: โ The main island of New Caledonia had at least 100,000 inhabitants in 1800; a century later, only a third of that number remained[9] .โ The carnage continued until the 1930s, according to a study on Melanesian demographics[10] : โThe Melanesian population continued to decline. The 1901 census counted only 28,800 Melanesians, a level that remained unchanged until 1936, when the population began to grow significantly again[11] .โ
The genocide is equally well documented for Algeria. Demographer Kamel Kateb, author of the most comprehensive study on the subject, estimates the Algerian population at 4 million at the time of the conquest and estimates the number of deaths between 1830 and 1872 at 825,000, or more than 20% of the total population[12]. Others, such as Djilali Sari, estimate the number of deaths at 1 million, bringing the decline to 25% of the total population in less than half a century, which he calls โthe demographic disaster[13] .โ
All colonization inevitably tends towards genocide. Whether this tendency becomes a reality, as was the case with the Native Americans in North America or the Aborigines in Australia, or fails, either totally or partially, as was the case in Kanaky and Algeria, depends on factors linked to the historical context and the balance of power. The pace of European settlement in Kanaky and Algeria, made possible by the state of French society in the first decades of the conquest [which took place in the same historical sequence for both colonies], was too slow to completely destroy the survival mechanisms of the colonized peoples.
However, no effort was spared to accelerate the pace of European settlement in Algeria and Kanaky. These efforts were met with resistance from the peoples in the form of peasant and tribal uprisings and their consequences. This was the case in 1878 and 1917 in Kanaky. It was also the case in Algeria, with uprisings of the same nature breaking out almost every decade until the beginning of the twentieth century. In addition to discouraging potential settlers, these peasant uprisings, which were brutally suppressed, monopolized most of the available colonial budget, leaving little to support the settlement of new colonists.
The atrocious and barbaric nature of the repression of these uprisings is well documented. To cite just one example, let us mention a practice common to both colonizations. Ethnologist Jean Guiart recalls it as follows for Kanaky: โIn 1878, a bounty was offered for each pair of ears of a so-called rebel killed. As the soldiers brought back the ears of women and children, it was decreed that they should bring back the heads, and these macabre pieces of evidence were recorded[14] . This practice, known as โessorillementโ (ear cutting), was also used during the conquest of Algeria, as historian Alain Ruscio recalls: โEar cutting had its followers during the war of conquest in Algeria, where French troops and Algerian auxiliaries used it either out of revenge or for financial gain (โten francs per pair of earsโ)[15].โThe deterrent effect on potential settlers is equally well documented. Historian Charles-Andrรฉ Julien gives the following figures for the period 1842-1846: 194,887 Europeans emigrated to Algeria, but 117,722 left the new colony[16] . In Kanaky, the opening of the penal colony in 1864 was explicitly justified by the need to compensate for the low number of voluntary settlers.
We do not recall these colonial atrocities out of a morbid fascination. They simply illustrate the total violence inherent in colonization by settlement. One cannot replace one people with another by force without logically resorting to unlimited state violence aimed at extermination. This is not a matter of โexcessesโ of the colonial settlement project, but of its very nature. This is why Aimรฉ Cรฉsaire is right to point out that the most abominable features of Nazism existed and were experimented with in the colonies beforehand: โYes, it would be worthwhile to study, clinically and in detail, the actions of Hitler and Hitlerism and to reveal to the very distinguished, very humanist, very Christian bourgeois of the 20th century that he carries within him a Hitler he does not know, that Hitler lives in him, that Hitler is his demon, that if he reviles him, it is because they lack logic, and that deep down, what they cannot forgive Hitler for is not the crime itself, the crime against humanity, it is not the humiliation of man per se, it is the crime against white man, it is the humiliation of white man, and of having applied to Europe colonialist methods that until then had only been used on the Arabs of Algeria, the coolies of India, and the Negroes of Africa[17] .
Total violence and settler colonization
One of Frantz Fanonโs essential contributions was precisely to have dissected the congenital violence of settler colonization and its effects. All his analyses are permeated by the thesis of โviolence consubstantial with colonial oppression.โ He developed this thesis at the Accra conference in April 1960 in response to Kwame Nkrumahโs professions of nonviolent resistance: โThe colonial regime is a regime established by violence. It is always by force that the colonial regime has established itself. It is against the will of peoples that other people more advanced in the techniques of destruction or numerically more powerful have imposed themselves. I say that such a system established by violence can logically only be true to itself, and its duration in time depends on the maintenance of violence [โฆ] No, the violence of the Algerian people is not hatred of peace, nor rejection of human contact, nor the conviction that only war can put an end to the colonial regime in Algeria. The Algerian people have chosen the only solution left to them, and we will stick to that choice[18] .โ
This central thesis of Fanonโs thesis leads to two political and strategic conclusions. The first is that colonialism cannot be reformed, it can only be destroyed. The second, which Nelson Mandela would reformulate decades later, is that โIt is always the oppressor, not the oppressed, who determines the form of struggle. If the oppressor uses violence, the oppressed will have no choice but to respond with violence. In our case, it was only a form of self-defense.โ โ
For Frantz Fanon, physical violence is only the most visible part of a deeper violence that is nothing less than the total destruction of the historical and national personality of the colonized people. โThose responsible for the French administration in Algeria,โ he explains, โare charged with destroying the originality of the people, tasked by the powers that be with proceeding at all costs to dismantle any existence that might evoke, directly or indirectly, a national reality.โ Simultaneously with physical violence, colonization involves legal, symbolic, cultural, and other forms of violence, which converge with the former toward the goal of completely destroying the very idea of constituting an Algerian people or a Kanak people. Physical genocide is inevitably accompanied by cultural, historical, political, and other forms of genocide: โColonialism, however, is not content with this violence against the present. The colonized people are ideologically presented as a people arrested in their evolution, impervious to reason, incapable of managing their own affairs, and requiring the permanent presence of a leadership. The history of colonized peoples is transformed into meaningless agitation, and as a result, one gets the impression that for these peoples, humanity began with the arrival of these valiant colonists[21] .
Beyond mourning and physical suffering, colonization requires the production of โself-shameโ and an inferiority complex. This dimension of Fanonโs analysis is essential to understanding the changes in colonization when it realizes that total physical genocide is no longer possible, even in the long term. With the goal of total destruction impossible, it mutates to maintain the relationship of domination. It becomes the production of โcollaborationโ by the dominated with their own domination in the hope of an eventual improvement in their condition. In an article entitled โDecolonization and Independenceโ published in El Moudjahid on April 16, 1958, he responded as follows to De Gaulleโs promises of an โeconomic, social, and moral renewal planโ: โFrench colonialism will not be legitimized by the Algerian people. No spectacular undertaking will make us forget the legal racism, illiteracy, and servility instilled and maintained in the depths of our peopleโs consciousness. That is why our statements never mention adaptation or relief, but rather restitution. [โฆ] The Algerian people have not accepted the transformation of occupation into collaboration[22] .โIn our view, these words are essential for all current French colonies (euphemistically renamed Overseas Departments or Territories) and in particular for Kanaky. These euphemistic terms aim to anchor the idea of possible decolonization without independence. While Fanon believed that formal independence is not sufficient for true decolonization, the latter is impossible without independence. Formal independence is a necessary but insufficient condition for true decolonization.
[1] Born in Martinique, F Fanon was legally French by birth. By joining the FLN, he symbolically and politically rejected this nationality of birth. In his writings, he expresses himself as an Algerian. For example, in Year V of the Algerian Revolution, he writes: โWhat we Algerians want,โ โour struggle,โ โour cause,โ and โour Revolution.โ Having died before independence, he was never officially granted Algerian nationality. However, he was a representative of the Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic (GPRA), which indicates that he was considered Algerian by the authorities of the new state.
[2] Aimรฉ Cรฉsaire, Discours sur le colonialisme, Paris, Prรฉsence africaine, 2004, p. 9.
[3] Jean-Paul Sartre, โLe colonialisme est un systรจme,โ speech at a meeting โfor peace in Algeria,โ Les temps modernes, no. 123, March-April 1956.
[4] Amilcar Cabral, Foundations and Objectives of National Liberation and Social Structures, Speech at the First Conference of Solidarity with the Peoples of Africa, Asia, and Latin America, Havana, January 3โ12, 1966, in Unitรฉ et Lutte, Maspero, Paris, 1980, p. 161.
[5] Samir Amin, Unequal Development: An Essay on the Social Formations of Peripheral Capitalism, Minuit, Paris, 1973.
[6] Frantz Fanon, The Wretched of the Earth, in ลuvres, La Dรฉcouverte, Paris, 2011, p. 455.
[7] Amilcar Cabral, Fondements et objectifs de la libรฉration nationale et structures sociales, op. cit., p. 159.
[8] Ibid., p. 159.
[9] Ali Moussa Iye and Khadija Tourรฉ (eds.), Histoire de lโhumanitรฉ, volume 6, UNESCO, Paris, 2008, p. 1388.
[10] Melanesia includes Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Kanaky, and the Fiji Islands. The term Kanak refers to the Melanesian population of Kanaky.
[11] Jean-Louis Rallu, La population de la Nouvelle-Calรฉdonie, Revue Population, 1985, no. 4-5, p. 725.
[12] Kamel Kateb, Europรฉens, ยซ indigรจnes ยป et juifs en Algรฉrie (1830-1962). Reprรฉsentations et rรฉalitรฉs des populations, INED, Paris, 2002, pp. 16 and 47.
[13] Djilali Sari, Le dรฉsastre dรฉmographique, SNED, Algiers, 1982, p. 130.
[14] Jean Guiart, Bantoustans en Nouvelle-Calรฉdonie, Droit et Libertรฉ, no. 371, July-August 1978, p. 14.
[15] Alain Ruscio, La premiรจre guerre dโAlgรฉrie. Une histoire de conquรชte et de rรฉsistance, La Dรฉcouverte, Paris, 2024, p. 394.
[16] Charles-Andrรฉ Julien, Histoire de lโAlgรฉrie contemporaine, volume 1, PUF, Paris, 1964, p. 250.
[17] Aimรฉ Cรฉsaire, Discours sur le colonialisme, Prรฉsence Africaine, Paris, (1955) 2004, pp. 13-14.
[18] Frantz Fanon, Why We Use Violence, Speech given at the Accra Conference, April 1960, in Year V of the Algerian Revolution, Complete Works, op. cit., pp. 413 and 418.
[19] Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Fayard, Paris, 1996, p. 647.
Said Bouamama is a French Algerian sociologist and activist who is the author of over a dozen books, his latest, Manual on Immigration (2021), For a Revolutionary Panafricanism (2023) Strategic Manual on Palestine and the Middle East (2024) among others
abolitionmedia.noblogs.org/?p=โฆ
#antiColonialism #antiImperialism #settlerColonialism
Le Colonialisme de peuplement ร la lumiรจre de Fanon
Lโannรฉe 2024 fut celle du centenaire de la naissance du guinรฉen et cap-verdien Amilcar Cabral, un des penseurs encore trop mรฉconnus des processus et des luttes de libรฉration nationale. Lโannรฉe 2025โฆLe blog de Saรฏd Bouamama
That is a good point. It's been an insane timeline. Getting shot, getting re elected, immigration enforcement, legal warfare, Iran disabled, the BBB. He needs to go chill at Camp David and talk to his senior people. This administration has been moving very fast, with big accomplishments. They need to regroup and come out with their shit together.
En #Israรซl, parmi les personnes ayant la double nationalitรฉ franco-israรฉlienne, certaines se sont soudainement souvenues de leur nationalitรฉ franรงaise car les Franรงais peuvent en ce moment se faire rapatrier gratuitement en France, par avion militaire. Environ 100 000 personnes doivent se faire rapatrier. EIles peuvent donc participer ร un gรฉnocide puis รชtre rapatriรฉ gratos en France. C'est pas beau le statut de franco-israรฉlien ?
US applications for jobless benefits fall to 227,000 last week, remain at historically healthy level
https://apnews.com/article/unemployment-benefits-jobless-claims-layoffs-labor-9fd2ae4cd30ed6179c0a9f6558e242d5?utm_source=flipboard&utm_medium=activitypub
Posted into Business and Finance @business-and-finance-AssociatedPress
Jennifer Hudson will headline the Whitney Houston estate's fourth annual Legacy of Love Gala
https://apnews.com/article/whitney-houston-jennifer-hudson-40th-anniversary-gala-f8ac6e075b34b2a0a4603010eaddd1b7?utm_source=flipboard&utm_medium=activitypub
Posted into Entertainment @entertainment-AssociatedPress
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I am so fucking sick of #Amazon #PrimeDay. 90% of my "Technology" feed in #GoogleNews is nothing but PrimeDay ads masqueraded as legit "stories" by tech bloggers and publications.
Since #Google #News doesn't give you the option to block based on "keywords" (a'la 'Prime Day' and the like) I've been going in and basically marking every keyword, brand, and anything else loosely related and tell Google I'm "not interested" in this shit.
I fucking hate Google but hands down it's still the best resource for me to get news. Sorry, but FlipBoard doesn't cut it. And Microsoft's "news" is a joke.
matthew - retroedge.tech likes this.
Law enfocement need to shoot first (live ammunition, lethal force) and ask questions later...
Anti-ICE Attackers Arrested In The SADDEST Ways
ICE rioters have been arrested or worse after attacking officers and facilities.Support me here! :)https://buymeacoffee.com/wegotreceiptsSPONSORSHIP INQUIRIE...YouTube
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๐จ Today, EDRi and 51 civil society organisations, academics, and experts have written to the European Commission to oppose any attempts to suspend or delay the #ArtificialIntelligence #AI Act.
These attempts, especially in light of the growing trend of #deregulation of #FundamentalRrights and environmental protection, could undermine accountability and hard-won rights for people, the planet, justice and democracy ๐จ
Read the open letter โก๏ธ edri.org/our-work/open-letter-โฆ
European Commission must champion the AI Act - European Digital Rights (EDRi)
Instead of unraveling the EU rulebook, the Commission should focus on the full implementation and proper enforcement of its rules.European Digital Rights (EDRi)
At least 13 people, the majority of them children and women, were killed and dozens wounded after an Israeli airstrike targeted a line for distributing nutritional supplements for children in Deir Al-Balah, near Al-Zawari Junction in the central Gaza Strip. The identified victims are:
-Aya Ashraf Mishmish ( 4 years old)
-Ahmad Mohammad Abu Samaha (39)
-Yasmin Ahmad Abu Samaha (2 years)
-Shafa Muwiy Abu Qutta (child)
-Moataz Billah Saif Al-Bahtini ( 2 years old)
1/2
-Soma Nidal Al-Nouri (14 years)
-Amir Hatem Al-Nouri (8 years old)
-Omar Hatem Al-Nouri (11 years old)
2/2
Riad Othman im Leitartikel des aktuellen medico-rundschreibens. Jetzt kostenlos abonnieren.
medico.de/blog/ab-jetzt-dagegeโฆ
Ab jetzt dagegen
Die Unterstรผtzung fรผr Israels Krieg in Gaza schwindet. Doch mehr Hilfe allein reicht nicht. Der Leitartikel des medico-Rundschreibens 2/2025Riad Othman (medico international)
Thank you, massah!
askthepilot.com/keep-your-shoeโฆ
At Long Last, TSA Ditches the Shoe Rule - AskThePilot.com
A Much-Welcome Reprieve For Flyers.Patrick (AskThePilot.com)
Sounds plausible. Except it's coming from Keith Olbermann.
โ BOTGR: I used to be a dog handler-in-training on a FEMA urban search and rescue team (NE-TF1). The red tape and delays involved in getting the team to Ground Zero after 9-11 were ridiculous, let alone being deployed to smaller incidents.
Drove the search teams crazy, since thereโs a limited window of opportunity to find survivors. It wasnโt unusual for someone to say, โWhy are we training all our dogs to find live people? We might as well just mostly train cadaver dogs.โ ๐
โ it was very eye-opening to see the incompetency and sluggishness of the federal bureaucracy, and how it hampered what was otherwise a well trained and highly competent SAR team (thanks entirely to the tireless efforts of local fire departments and various volunteers).
When I started hearing conspiracy rumors that FEMA was hopelessly corrupt, it wasnโt hard for me to believe!
"Canada should have stood up for its principles and national sovereignty, even in the face of such transparent bullying. The alternative now emerging is the law of the jungle, brute power and Canada becoming, de facto, the 51st US state." - Joseph Stiglitz
theguardian.com/commentisfree/โฆ
Trump bullied Canada over โdigital taxesโ โ and Ottawa submitted
The question now: will countries cave in to these threats or stick together and collect the billions they are rightly owed?Joseph Stiglitz (The Guardian)
ICE Is Searching a Massive Insurance and Medical Bill Database to Find Deportation Targets
The database, called ISO ClaimSearch, is nearly all encompassing and contains details on more than 1.8 billion insurance claims and 58 million medical bills.Joseph Cox (404 Media)
Ola de calor dejรณ 394 muertes en Barcelona y Madrid
Un estudio elaborado por dos organismos britรกnicos y publicado este miรฉrcoles (09.07.2025) estima que la muerte de 394 personas de las mรกs de 450 que fallecieron en Madrid y Barcelona durante la ola de calor registrada entre el 23 de junio y el 2 de julio de 2025 puede atribuirse al cambio climรกtico.
dw.com/es/ola-de-calor-dej%C3%โฆ
Ola de calor dejรณ 394 muertes en Barcelona y Madrid
El estudio estima que unas 2.300 personas murieron a causa de las temperaturas extremas en 12 ciudades de Europa.Deutsche Welle
๐จ๏ธ๐ฉ๐ฝโ๐ป "Israel 'has agreed'?! Can't believe, what I'm reading here. What a criminal syndicate of European leaders - we as the people - have been accepting! Far too long!
#un #eu #europe #civilsociety
#icc #kajakallas #ursulavonderleyen
#warcrimes #CrimesAgainstHumanity
Source: Anadolu JUL-10
aa.com.tr/en/europe/israel-hasโฆ
Israel has agreed to 'significant steps' to improve humanitarian situation in Gaza: EU foreign policy chief
Steps include substantial increase in number of daily aid trucks into Gaza, opening of additional crossing points in both north and south of enclave, and reopening of aid routes through Jordan, Egypt - Anadolu Ajansฤฑwww.aa.com.tr
reshared this
In fact it makes perfect sense.
For 40+ years the #US has been promoting everywhere in the West incompetent, unwilling, obedient puppets, capable only of bowing their heads and agreeing to whatever the #WhiteHouse ordered.
Regular YesMen.
So you can't demand competence from such useless people.
Radical change is the only solution.
Disisdeguey๐ปPavlichenko๐ต๐ธ reshared this.
โBrutalโ two-child benefit cap affecting 1.7m children, shows data
Number living in affected households rose by 37,000 (2%) in year to April, as pressure grows on government to scrap policyJessica Murray (The Guardian)

Yet another...
independent.co.uk/news/uk/poliโฆ
Reform councillor suspended after being charged with assault at Pride event
Mandy Clare was charged with assault and criminal damage after an incident at PrideMillie Cooke (The Independent)
'Concentration camp': Israel's planned new city in Rafah, explained
Israel Katz is calling it a โhumanitarian cityโ, from which Palestinians will be encouraged to โvoluntarily emigrateโ out of Gaza.Rayhan Uddin (Middle East Eye)
Israeli fighter pilots training with UK equipment
Exclusive: The UK government suspended fighter jet exports to Israel but still allows the sale of parts which help Israeli pilots learn to fly F-35s and F-16s.JOHN McEVOY (Declassified Media ltd)
The Britain You Know Was Created by European Immigrants
From Penguin Press to the Royal Festival Hall, British modernism was co-created by artists and intellectuals fleeing fascism in the 1930s.Novara Media
TikTok faces fresh European privacy investigation over China data transfers
https://apnews.com/article/tiktok-european-union-data-privacy-gdpr-5f1dcb8187a1c90c1ea10c287beb06f2?utm_source=flipboard&utm_medium=activitypub
Posted into Technology @technology-AssociatedPress
if you had to choose between doing everything the medical system recommends, and nothing, i'm not sure at this point which would give you better odds of survival.
Nearly all large families on low incomes trapped in hardship by cost of living pressures
Low-income families are no better off one year after Labour's election victory, new research finds.Joseph Rowntree Foundation
ฮฑฮบฯฮผฮท ฮผฮนฮฑ #ฮฆฯฯฮนฮฌ ฮฮนฮฝฮนฮฌฮดฮตฯ ฮฮนฯฯฮปฮฟฮฑฮบฮฑฯฮฝฮฑฮฝฮฏฮฑ
documentonews.gr/article/fotiaโฆ
ฮฆฯฯฮนฮฌ ฯฯฯฮฑ ฯฯฮทฮฝ ฮฮนฯฯฮปฮฟฮฑฮบฮฑฯฮฝฮฑฮฝฮฏฮฑ - Documento
ฮฆฯฯฮนฮฌ ฮพฮญฯฯฮฑฯฮต ฯฮฟ ฮผฮตฯฮทฮผฮญฯฮน ฯฮทฯ ฮ ฮญฮผฯฯฮทฯ ฯฮต ฮดฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮญฮบฯฮฑฯฮท ฯฯฮทฮฝ ฯฮตฯฮนฮฟฯฮฎ ฮฮนฮฝฮนฮฌฮดฮตฯ ฯฯฮทฮฝ ฮฮนฯฯฮปฮฟฮฑฮบฮฑฯฮฝฮฑฮฝฮฏฮฑ.Newsroom (Documento)
#Seoul repatriates six #DPRK citizens who were stranded while fishing in South Korean territorial waters.
All six had repeatedly expressed their desire to return, Seoul's Unification Ministry said.
Two of the #DPRKoreans had been detained for four months in #SamsungRepublic
after futile attempts to persuade them to stay in the South to bolster Western propaganda.
kolya
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