Wenn Nazis und ihre Steigbรผgelhalter bei Sanktionen gegen dich klatschen, hat man alles richtig gemacht.
Die Nazi-Fraktion auf FB kennt natรผrlich nur eine Form des Anstands: anstรคndige Kleidung. Jede andere Form von Anstand ist ihnen vรถllig unbekannt.
fr.de/politik/baskenmuetze-fueโฆ
Die Abgeordneten mรผssen sich im Bundestag an eine Reihe von Regeln halten. Das hat jetzt auch ein Parlamentarier der Linken festgestellt.www.fr.de
Quoting Amy Spitalnick of the Jewish Council for Public Affairs on how the Trump administrationโs focus on โcombating antisemitismโ undermines Jewish safety by fostering fear and selective enforcement:
[โฆ] "The ways in which the administration is exploiting the Jewish community's legitimate fears and concerns about antisemitism is ultimately undermining Jewish safety."
Spitalnick argues that the administration uses #antisemitism as a pretext to justify actions such as deporting pro-Palestinian student protesters and cutting funding to universities, while ignoring or downplaying antisemitic ties within its own ranks, such as key figures such as Paul Ingrassia, Rachel Cauley, and Ed Martin, who have affiliations with antisemitic or extremist ideologies.
npr.org/2025/05/14/nx-s1-53872โฆ
H/t @Peter_Link
@palestine
@israel
#GazaGenocide
#IsraelWarCrimes
#ihra
#OatemealQuotes
libertytree.ca/quotes/Richard.โฆ
โA hand from Washington will be stretched out and placed upon every man's business; the eye of the federal inspector will be in every man's counting house.... The law will of necessity have inquisical features, it will provide penalties, it will create complicated machinery. Under it, men will be hauled into courts distant from their homes. Heavy fines imposed by distant and unfamiliar tribunals will constantly menace the taxpayer. An army of federal inspectors, spiesโฆ
"A hand from Washington will be stretched out and placed upon every man's business; the eye of the federal inspector will be in every man's counting house....LibertyQuotes
Many people in Gaza have shared what they believed to be their final message yesterday, as Israel's siege intensified following the decision in parliament to take over the entire Gaza strip, as well as demonstrations surrounding May 15th occurring, the Nakba remembrance day.
Current numbers say that 143 people were killed by Israeli airstrikes in yesterday's attacks alone, with dozens still missing under the rubble of destroyed buildings.
The Nakba, an ethnic cleansing that launched 1947 by predecessors of the IDF, โonlyโ violently displaced 750.000 people.
The currently ongoing Gaza genocide has already displaced over 1.900.000 people, and killed 53.000 people (lowest estimate), whilst the largest offensive has yet to start.
I wonder how many Palestinians will be murdered for daring to remember the current genocide.
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If you are using generative "#AI" at work, you'll likely be looked down upon by your colleagues. No surprises in the results of this study.
What is both exhilarating and surprising are the euphemisms the paper uses.
In all experimental setups, participants were expressly told it was all about "generative [sic] AI tools".
The paper concludes, though:
"The experiments reported in this research support our core prediction that individuals expect and receive a social evaluation penalty for receiving assistance from AI."
Funny how they're paraphrasing bullshit generation as "receiving assistance", and keep glorifying #GenAI expressly as "productivity-enhancing tools", yielding "productivity gains". Both praises appear in a myriad of places, throughout the paper.
Ironically, that paper in itself demonstrates why such adulation receives well-deserved contempt.
hey, EU citizens: you could sign this petition to ban conversion therapies in the EU. barely a day left to get the last 125k signatures.
please boost
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libertytree.ca/quotes/Mona.Chaโฆ
โ[T]he sprawl of government into every conceivable realm of life has caused the withering of traditional institutions. Fathers become unnecessary if the government provides Aid to Families with Dependent Children. Church charities lose their mission when the government provides food, shelter and income to the poor. And the non-poor no longer feel pressed to provide aid to those in need, be they aged parents or their unfortunate neighborsโโcompassionโ having become โฆ
"[T]he sprawl of government into every conceivable realm of life has caused the withering of traditional institutions. Fathers become unnecessary if the government provides Aid to Families with Dependent Children.LibertyQuotes
Israel has clearly failed to secure any genuine or lasting victory, and the obvious solution is for Israel to be reined in and held accountable for its crimes in Gaza and throughout Palestine.admin (Politics For The People)
libertytree.ca/quotes/Edmund.Bโฆ
โThe true danger is when liberty is nibbled away, for expedience, and by parts.โ
~ Edmund Burke
(1729-1797) Irish-born British statesman, parliamentary orator, and political thinker
April 3, 1777, letter to the Sheriffs of Bristol
"The true danger is when liberty is nibbled away, for expedience, and by parts." ~ Edmund BurkeLibertyQuotes
The sheer amount of social media goodbye posts from Palestinians in Gaza that Iโve been seeing lately breaks my fucking heart.
I am sick to my stomach and my heart is broken watching these innocent people being massacred with our governments complicity.
This is a stain on all of our souls.
Microsoft entzieht einem Staatsanwalt des Internationalen Strafgerichtshofs den Zugriff auf dessen E-Mails.
mastodon.social/@PWS_1/114513735385537848
Microsoft kappt einer Universitรคt in China (!) den Zugang zu deren Cloud-Dienste.
Also, nur mal so aus Neugierde:
Liebe Unternehmen, Einrichtungen, Institute, Universitรคten, ... in Deutschland:
Fรผhlt ihr euch noch wohl, wenn ihr in eurer IT-Landschaft weiterhin auf Produkte aus dem Hause Microsoft setzt?
Oder รผberhaupt auf irgendeine Software "Made in USA"?
Ja, ganz sicher?
social.anoxinon.de/@RoedigerRG/114507201227166306
#Microsoft#UnplugTrump#UnplugUSA#ITsecurity#CyberSecurity
#Microsoft abruptly cuts Microsoft 365 services โ including OneDrive, OneNote, and SharePoint to Chinese university, genomics firm https://www.scmp.com/tech/tech-war/article/3305889/microsoft-abruptly-cuts-services-chinese-university-genomics-firmsocial.anoxinon.de - Mastodon
Horace: As money grows, care follows it and the hunger for more. wordsmith.social/protestation/โฆ
Quotes
- Otto Kuusinen: As long as the working class wages only an economic struggle, the bourgeoisie does not see in that any great danger for itself; but when the working class organises politically, i.e., creates a political party which expresses its will as a class, the bourgeoisie begins seriously to fear for its rule. That is why reaction deals its main blows against the political party of the working class. At the same time, trying to undermine the party from within, capitalist propaganda endeavours to persuade the workers that they can do without their own party. One of the manifestations of bourgeois influence on the working class is the anarchist and anarcho-syndicalist denial of the leading role of a political party.
- Democritus: Not from fear but from a sense of duty refrain from your sins.
- Democritus: Many who have not learned wisdom live wisely, and many who do the basest deeds can make most learned speeches.
- Democritus: Fools learn wisdom through misfortune.
- Democritus: Strength of body is nobility in beasts of burden, strength of character is nobility in men.
- Democritus: Neither art nor wisdom may be attained without learning.
- Democritus: It is better to correct your own faults than those of another.
- Democritus: Good means not (merely) not to do wrong, but rather not to desire to do wrong.
- Democritus: Fame and wealth without wisdom are unsafe possessions.
- Muammar Gaddafi: We will not surrender. We will defeat them by any means. We are ready for the fight, whether it will be a short or a long one. We will be victorious in the end. This assault is by a bunch of fascists who will end up in the dustbin of history.
- Democritus: By convention sweet is sweet, bitter is bitter, hot is hot, cold is cold, color is color; but in truth there are only atoms and the void.
- Democritus: We know nothing accurately in reality, but (only) as it changes according to the bodily condition, and the constitution of those things that flow upon (the body) and impinge upon it.
- Democritus: Medicine heals diseases of the body, wisdom frees the soul from passions.
- Democritus: Immoderate desire is the mark of a child, not a man.
- Democritus: Men have fashioned an image of Chance as an excuse for their own stupidity.
- Democritus: In a shared fish, there are no bones.
- Democritus: Education is an ornament for the prosperous, a refuge for the unfortunate.
- Democritus: The animal needing something knows how much it needs, the man does not.
- Democritus: Moderation multiplies pleasures, and increases pleasure.
- Democritus: If your desires are not great, a little will seem much to you; for small appetite makes poverty equivalent to wealth.
- Democritus: No power and no treasure can outweigh the extension of our knowledge.
- Democritus: In fact we do not know anything infallibly, but only that which changes according to the condition of our body and of the (influences) that reach and impinge upon it.
- Democritus: Of practical wisdom these are the three fruits: to deliberate well, to speak to the point, to do what is right.
- Democritus: 'Tis not in strength of body nor in gold that men find happiness, but in uprightness and in fulness of understanding.
- Democritus: He who does wrong is more unhappy than he who suffers wrong.
- Samuel P. Huntington: The West won the world not by the superiority of its ideas or values or religion (to which few members of other civilizations were converted) but rather by its superiority in applying organized violence. Westerners often forget this fact; non-Westerners never do.
- Marjori Palmer: One of the most morale-damaging aspects of the inflation was the "sack of Germany" that occurred at the height of the (1923) inflation. Anyone who possessed dollars or sterling was king in Germany. A few American dollars would allow a man to live like a millionaire. Foreigners swarmed into the country, buying up family treasures, estates, jewelry and art works at unbelievable low prices.
- Lionel Robbins: It was the most colossal thing of its kind in history: and next probably to the Great War itself, it must bear responsibility for many of the political and economic difficulties of our generation. It destroyed the wealth of the more solid elements of German society: and left behind a moral and economic disequilibrium, a breeding ground for the disasters which have followed. Hitler is the foster child of the inflation.
- Lenin: There is no trace of utopianism in Marx, in the sense that he made up or invented a 'new' society. No, he studied the birth of the new society out of the old, and the forms of transition from the latter to the former, as a natural-historical process. He examined the actual experience of a proletarian mass movement and tried to draw practical lessons from it.
- Che Guevara: Many will call me an adventurer - and that I am, only one of a different sort: one of those who risks his skin to prove his platitudes.
- Democritus: The first principles of the universe are atoms and empty space; everything else is merely thought to exist.
- Bertolt Brecht: Lenin is enshrined In the large heart of the working class.
rbfarmer likes this.
Tomorrow's #SNL (50th Season Finale too) is going to be so fucking epic I can't wait. #ColinJost is getting roasted so bad and the Joke Swap with #MichaelChe is going to be borderline illegal it's going to be so BRUTAL! And with #ScarlettJohannsan hosting... holy fuck. BRING IT ON!
BRING. IT. ON!!!! Can't wait.
Scarlett Johansson is hosting Saturday Night Live with musical guest Bad Bunny on May 17, 2025.Saturday Night Live. Stream now on Peacock: https://pck.tv/3n1...YouTube
Trump will meet Syriaโs ex-ISIS president in Saudi Arabia as Damascus offers normalization with Israel to secure U.S. sanctions relief. %Robert Inlakesh (MintPress News)
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@beardalaxy @LukeAlmighty How is it retarded? It would actually be beneficial for some children to be sold. Children who live in poverty can live a better life if their mothers sold them and the mothers will receive compensation for doing so.
mises.org/mises-daily/childrenโฆ
The absolute right to run away is the child's ultimate expression of his right of self-ownership, regardless of age.Murray N. Rothbard (Mises Institute)
"Beyond comprehension"
ORG has responded to the government's plans to rely on the deeply flawed eVisa scheme to carry out immigration raids and deport people.
As ORG's @sarahalsherif says, "with the use of technology, automated decision-making and AI, we can expect to see a Windrush scandal on steroids."
Read the full story โก๏ธ computerweekly.com/news/366623โฆ
Write to your MP to say NO โก๏ธ action.openrightsgroup.org/wriโฆ
#eVisa #immigration #ukpolitics #ukpol #migrants
Electronic visa data and biometric technologies will be used by the UKโs immigration enforcement authorities to surveil migrants living in the country and to โtighten control of the borderโ, attracting strong criticism from migrant support groupsSebastian Klovig Skelton (ComputerWeekly.com)
Grok's white genocide fixation caused by 'unauthorized modification'
Link: theverge.com/news/668220/grok-โฆ
Discussion: news.ycombinator.com/item?id=4โฆ
Elon Muskโs xAI says itโs working to improve transparency and reliability after a rogue employee modified Grok to talk nonstop about South Africa.Dominic Preston (The Verge)
Emily and Alex pore through an elaborate science fiction scenario about the "inevitability" of Artificial General Intelligence or AGI by the year 2027 - which rests atop a foundation of TESCREAL nonsense, and Sinophobia to boot.
References:
Fresh AI Hell:
AI persona bots for undercover cops
Palantir heart eyes Keir Starmer
Anti-vaxxers are grifting off the measles outbreak with AI-formulated supplements
The cost, environmental and otherwise, of being polite to ChatGPT
Actors who sold voice & likeness find it used for scams
Addictive tendencies and ChatGPT (satire)
You can check out future streams at on Twitch, and send us any AI Hell you see for future episodes.
Our book, 'The AI Con,' is out! Get your copy now.
Follow Emily: Bluesky/Mastodon
Follow Alex: Bluesky/Mastodon
Music: Toby Menon.
Production: Christie Taylor.
Graphic Design: Naomi Pleasure-Park.
Massive Blue is helping cops deploy AI-powered social media bots to talk to people they suspect are anything from violent sex criminals all the way to vaguely defined โprotesters.โEmanuel Maiberg (404 Media)
Mystery AI Hype Theater 3000, Episode 56: AGI: "Imminent", "Inevitable", and Inane
buzzsprout.com/2126417/episodeโฆ
In which @alex and I pick apart the story spun on the AI 2027 website. Spoiler alert: Itโs TESCREALism all the way down.
Thx to Christie Taylor for production!
Emily and Alex pore through an elaborate science fiction scenario about the "inevitability" of Artificial General Intelligence or AGI by the year 2027 - which rests atop a foundation of TESCREAL nonsense, and Sinophobia to boot.References:AI 2027F...Buzzsprout
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CeceDuBois reshared this.
You can follow us in other languages. Visit our website for more information wordsmith.social/protestation/โฆ
Social
Englishโ @protestation@friendica.eskimo.comFranรงaisโ @protestation@social.trom.tfโ @protestation@mastodon.social
Deutschโ @protestation@friendica.opensocial.space
Portuguรชsโ @protestation@mastodon.acc.sunet.seโ @protestation@friendicarg.nsupdate.info
Quotesโ @protestation@embers.socialโ @protestation@freeradical.zone
AI is gonna make things worse for women.
I am sitting here, depressed and without perspectives, having clueless boomer parents who are optimistic about this dystopian tech that is clearly a military tech. Wondering if I am not gonna be cloned, my likeness used against in pr0n, esp. illegal and stuff. Wondering as a woman, if it's not depopulation scheme in order to make us useless and worthless.
I wish I were The Witcher... my job would be simple, just killing monsters and getting well-paid. I hate this world and please, somebody comment on this.
Radical feminism nowadays is my only meaning of life in this cruel transhumanist world designed by... Jeffrey Epstein, google it.
ะะพะปะพั ะะพัะตะธ,Voice of Korea,Voz de Corea,ุตูุช ููุฑูุง ,Stimme Koreas,๊ณตํ๊ตญ,vokwww.vok.rep.kp
CeceDuBois reshared this.
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thehill.com/homenews/race-poliโฆ
TRYING TO RALLY THEIR SLAVES!
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The appointment of a figure to a diplomatic post in Turkey - a mediator in the talks - is perceived as an outright provocation.Arina KORSHUNOVA (Oriental Review)
ocram oubliat likes this.
Material 3 Expressive
Link: design.google/library/expressiโฆ
Discussion: news.ycombinator.com/item?id=4โฆ
Google's research reveals how expressive design improves UX, usability, and evokes positive emotions in usersGoogle Design
Der aktuelle Wetterbericht.
like this
Iranian FM Abbas Araghchi says Western powers negotiated with Iran only after failing to destroy its nuclear facilities by force, citing Iranโs missile deterrence.Al Mayadeen English (Iranโs Araghchi: West chose talks after failing militarily)
When You become AI GirlfriendDisclaimer: This project is not affiliated with Gawr Gura or her rightful owners. Everything shown here is the result of AI-driv...YouTube
Clear evidence they should have made the sacrifice several months earlier.
Procrastination kills!
etvbharat.com/en/!state/four-dโฆ
A tragic accident in Jabalpurโs Chargawan saw a Scorpio plunge into the Somvati river, killing four, injuring two, while a goat miraculously survived unharmed.ETV Bharat
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Horace: Force without wisdom falls of its own weight. wordsmith.social/protestation/โฆ
Quotes
- Otto Kuusinen: As long as the working class wages only an economic struggle, the bourgeoisie does not see in that any great danger for itself; but when the working class organises politically, i.e., creates a political party which expresses its will as a class, the bourgeoisie begins seriously to fear for its rule. That is why reaction deals its main blows against the political party of the working class. At the same time, trying to undermine the party from within, capitalist propaganda endeavours to persuade the workers that they can do without their own party. One of the manifestations of bourgeois influence on the working class is the anarchist and anarcho-syndicalist denial of the leading role of a political party.
- Democritus: Not from fear but from a sense of duty refrain from your sins.
- Democritus: Many who have not learned wisdom live wisely, and many who do the basest deeds can make most learned speeches.
- Democritus: Fools learn wisdom through misfortune.
- Democritus: Strength of body is nobility in beasts of burden, strength of character is nobility in men.
- Democritus: Neither art nor wisdom may be attained without learning.
- Democritus: It is better to correct your own faults than those of another.
- Democritus: Good means not (merely) not to do wrong, but rather not to desire to do wrong.
- Democritus: Fame and wealth without wisdom are unsafe possessions.
- Muammar Gaddafi: We will not surrender. We will defeat them by any means. We are ready for the fight, whether it will be a short or a long one. We will be victorious in the end. This assault is by a bunch of fascists who will end up in the dustbin of history.
- Democritus: By convention sweet is sweet, bitter is bitter, hot is hot, cold is cold, color is color; but in truth there are only atoms and the void.
- Democritus: We know nothing accurately in reality, but (only) as it changes according to the bodily condition, and the constitution of those things that flow upon (the body) and impinge upon it.
- Democritus: Medicine heals diseases of the body, wisdom frees the soul from passions.
- Democritus: Immoderate desire is the mark of a child, not a man.
- Democritus: Men have fashioned an image of Chance as an excuse for their own stupidity.
- Democritus: In a shared fish, there are no bones.
- Democritus: Education is an ornament for the prosperous, a refuge for the unfortunate.
- Democritus: The animal needing something knows how much it needs, the man does not.
- Democritus: Moderation multiplies pleasures, and increases pleasure.
- Democritus: If your desires are not great, a little will seem much to you; for small appetite makes poverty equivalent to wealth.
- Democritus: No power and no treasure can outweigh the extension of our knowledge.
- Democritus: In fact we do not know anything infallibly, but only that which changes according to the condition of our body and of the (influences) that reach and impinge upon it.
- Democritus: Of practical wisdom these are the three fruits: to deliberate well, to speak to the point, to do what is right.
- Democritus: 'Tis not in strength of body nor in gold that men find happiness, but in uprightness and in fulness of understanding.
- Democritus: He who does wrong is more unhappy than he who suffers wrong.
- Samuel P. Huntington: The West won the world not by the superiority of its ideas or values or religion (to which few members of other civilizations were converted) but rather by its superiority in applying organized violence. Westerners often forget this fact; non-Westerners never do.
- Marjori Palmer: One of the most morale-damaging aspects of the inflation was the "sack of Germany" that occurred at the height of the (1923) inflation. Anyone who possessed dollars or sterling was king in Germany. A few American dollars would allow a man to live like a millionaire. Foreigners swarmed into the country, buying up family treasures, estates, jewelry and art works at unbelievable low prices.
- Lionel Robbins: It was the most colossal thing of its kind in history: and next probably to the Great War itself, it must bear responsibility for many of the political and economic difficulties of our generation. It destroyed the wealth of the more solid elements of German society: and left behind a moral and economic disequilibrium, a breeding ground for the disasters which have followed. Hitler is the foster child of the inflation.
- Lenin: There is no trace of utopianism in Marx, in the sense that he made up or invented a 'new' society. No, he studied the birth of the new society out of the old, and the forms of transition from the latter to the former, as a natural-historical process. He examined the actual experience of a proletarian mass movement and tried to draw practical lessons from it.
- Che Guevara: Many will call me an adventurer - and that I am, only one of a different sort: one of those who risks his skin to prove his platitudes.
- Democritus: The first principles of the universe are atoms and empty space; everything else is merely thought to exist.
- Bertolt Brecht: Lenin is enshrined In the large heart of the working class.
I totally agree with this. #AOC is the future of the #DemocraticParty. #Schumer and #Pelosi and even #HakeemJeffries need to step aside and support her and not get in her way.
She represents the #Democrat's true #values, not the corporate pseudo-Republican bullshit that Democrats have been slinging for the past 30 years. #USpol
independent.co.uk/news/world/aโฆ
AOC is seen by Democratic voters as a good representation of the partyAriana Baio (The Independent)
Ukrainian citizen Roman Lavrynovych has been charged with setting fire to the house of UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer, the Metropolitan Police reported.Sputnik International
A $130M company faked trials instead of running our free OSS
Link: virtualize.sh/blog/ground-contโฆ
Discussion: news.ycombinator.com/item?id=4โฆ
When a $130M aerospace company chooses to endlessly abuse free trials instead of typing git pull, you start to question gravity, or at least common sense.Olivier Lambert (Virtualize)
#politique #mรฉdias #dรฉsinformation
OH MAIS รA ALORS
rfi.fr/fr/am%C3%A9riques/20250โฆ
Aux รtats-Unis, lโรฉtat de santรฉ de Joe Biden fait ร nouveau parler, quatre mois aprรจs son dรฉpart de la Maison Blanche. Un livre ยซย chocย ยป rรฉvรจle comment le dรฉclin de lโรฉtat de santรฉ de lโancien prรฉsident a รฉtรฉ maintenu secret.Loubna Anaki (RFI)
Laurent Espitallier likes this.
TEHRAN (Tasnim) - Former FBI Director James Comey denied accusations that he called for Trumpโs assassination following a cryptic Instagram post that drew sharp criticism from Trump allies and prompted an investigation by federal authorities.Tasnim News Agency
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Washingtonโs sanctions have targeted Syria for around 14 years, decimating the countryโs economy and the daily lives of ordinary Syriansthecradle.co
This is mainly a rant post.
I have to use Zscaler on my work PC. I use Sway (Moved from Gnome -> i3 -> sway).
Whenever Zscaler is launched, I used to get a weird error "proxy server not found" but it continued to work otherwise. Now at my company, we used a proxy at one time but we shifted to a no-proxy connection recently.
So I checked all my environment variables, output of set command. Everything was fine. People said it could be because of some weird compliance issue, or kernel etc etc. After a week or so, I gave up on debugging it because most of my work was fine with the 50% functional Zscaler.
One day, I opened Gnome instead of Sway to check something else, and saw that my proxy was on. This is the proxy set in Gnome Settings, not environment file.
I initially dismissed this finding because I thought Gnome is not active during sway so it should not affect it. But then i remembered it's possible to access the gnome settings using gsettings from any distro.
I switched to Sway, and sure enough, when I ran gsettings get org.gnome.system.proxy.http host, I could see the proxy IP.
I set it to null and behold! Zscaler was working perfectly.
I'm like "Who the hell designs software like this? The application should read the environment variables, not Gnome variables!"
Anyway, this was just a reminder to software makers to kindly follow the norms. Don't design your software for one Distro. Follow the guidelines as mentioned in freedesktop.
Before any commenter rushes to condemn the Chaos That Is Linux, please check out OP's posting history to get a clearer picture of their credibility.
(and like they themselves stated, this is a rant and not a PSA)
It's an issue but its a pretty niche one. Even software that works great on most distros might misbehave when you have multiple desktop environments installed. And http_proxy use doesn't appear to be standardized by freedesktop, LSB, etc. Though it is pretty well adhered to: about.gitlab.com/blog/2021/01/โฆ
So yeah, I agree with the spirit of this but its tough to follow the standard when there is no standard
Subtle differences in proxy setting implementations led to surprising problems for a GitLab customer. Here's how we got to the root of it.Stan Hu (GitLab)
Collins'in Toplar ve Kozmoloji รzerine Dรผลรผnceleri (2008)-Paul Draper | Quentin Smith
โKendi Nedenli Bir Evren ฤฐรงin Kozmolojik Argรผmanโ (Kendi Kendinin Nedeni Olan Bir Evrene ile ilgili Kozmolojik Argรผman) baลlฤฑklฤฑ ลifalฤฑ, iรงimizden biri (Smith) evrenin kendi รผlkelerini aรงฤฑkladฤฑฤฤฑ iรงin, รงรผnkรผ (i) durumlarฤฑn onu oluลturan sonsuz sayฤฑda evrende olup bitenleri gรถsterirni (ve bu ลekilde aรงฤฑklandฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑ) ve (ii) bu durumlarฤฑn her birinin sonsuz sayฤฑda evrenden kaynaklandฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑ (ve bu ลekilde aรงฤฑklandฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑ) sรผr1. Ayrฤฑca, (ii) evren son derece yaลlฤฑ olsa bile vardฤฑr รงรผnkรผ standart Bรผyรผk patlama kozmolojisi (Friedmann kozmolojisi) gรถz รถnรผne alฤฑnmaktadฤฑr, evren t0'da mevcut deฤildir (yani, Bรผyรผk patlama tekilliฤi gerรงek deฤildir) ve (evrenin var olduฤu) bir tn anฤฑ t0'a ne kadar yakฤฑn olursa olsun, var olduฤu ve daha da yakฤฑn olan birden fazla (gerรงekten delik-รงok) an vardฤฑr. Dolayฤฑsฤฑyla, son derece yaลlฤฑ bir evrenin bile ilk bir gรถstergesi bir baลlangฤฑcฤฑ yoktur ve dolayฤฑsฤฑyla herhangi bir andaki durum (yeterince) kendisinden รถnce gelen evren durumlarฤฑnฤฑn (tรผmรผnรผn) nedenidir. Ayrฤฑca, evrenin varoluลuna dair bu aรงฤฑklama Tanrฤฑ'ya hiรงbir ลekilde bulunmamasฤฑna raฤmen eksiksiz olmasฤฑna ve Tanrฤฑ'nฤฑn tanฤฑmฤฑnฤฑn varlฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑn evrenin herhangi bir eksiksiz aรงฤฑklamanฤฑn bir parรงasฤฑ olmasฤฑ, Tanrฤฑ'nฤฑn var olmamasฤฑ sonucu รงฤฑkar.
Robin Collins, bu salgฤฑnฤฑn hatalฤฑ olduฤunu gรถstermek iรงin bir gรผllenin uรงuลunun patlamasฤฑyla ortaya รงฤฑktฤฑ. รrnek ลu ลekildedir. Barutun t1'de bir topun iรงinde patladฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑ varsayalฤฑm. ลimdi gรผllenin bir sonraki hareketini ya da โuรงuลunuโ ele aldฤฑnฤฑz; bu hareketin, gรผlรผn yere dรผลtรผฤรผ ana kadar t1'den sonraki tรผm anlardan oluลan zaman iรงerisinde gรถrรผldรผฤรผnรผ varsayabiliriz. Herhangi bir deฤiลim uรงuล durumundan รถnce, sonsuz sayฤฑda baลka uรงuล durumuna dikkat edin, รงรผnkรผ zaman sรผrekliyse, bir tn anฤฑ t1'e ne kadar yakฤฑn olursa olsun, gรผllenin uรงuลta olduฤu ve daha da yakฤฑn olan sonsuz sayฤฑda baลka an vardฤฑr. O halde gรผllenin uรงuลunu bฤฑrakmasฤฑ nedir? Collins'e gรถre, Smith'in adamฤฑ takip ettiฤini, gรผllenin uรงuลunun kendi sistemlerini aรงฤฑkladฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑ, รงรผnkรผ (i) gรผllenin varlฤฑฤฤฑ onu รงok sayฤฑda aralฤฑklarla uรงuลlarฤฑn kesilmesini gerektirir (ve bu ลekilde aรงฤฑklanฤฑr) ve (ii) bu durumlarฤฑn her biri (yeterince) รถnceki uรงuลlarฤฑn sayฤฑsฤฑ (ve bu ลekilde aรงฤฑklanฤฑr). Eฤer Smith (i) ve (ii)'nin รงฤฑkarฤฑmlarฤฑ konusunda doฤruysa, o zaman (i) ve (ii)'nin t1'deki barut patlamasฤฑnฤฑn gรผllenin uรงuลunun tam aรงฤฑklamasฤฑnฤฑn bir parรงasฤฑnฤฑn olmadฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑ kanฤฑtlamasฤฑ gerekir. Ama belli ki รถyle. Bu nedenle Collins, tam olarak neyin yanlฤฑล olduฤunu sรถylemek zor olsa bile, Smith'in bulunmasฤฑnda bir ลeyin yanlฤฑล olmasฤฑ doฤal oluลum var.2
Collins, gรผlle vakasฤฑnฤฑ NAฤฐ adฤฑnฤฑ verdiฤi bir โilkeyeโ karลฤฑ bir รถrnek olarak ele alฤฑyor. NAฤฐ'yi doฤrudan โ Kendi Kendinin Nedeni Olan Bir Evrene iliลkin Kozmolojik Argรผman โdan alฤฑntฤฑ yapmaktadฤฑr:
NAฤฐ: Parรงalarฤฑn her birinin varlฤฑฤฤฑ nedensel olarak aรงฤฑklandฤฑฤฤฑnda, bรผtรผnรผn [ya da bรผtรผnรผn parรงalarฤฑnฤฑn] farklฤฑlฤฑklarฤฑn รถzgรผrlรผฤรผnรผn bir sonucu olduฤu iรงin, bรผtรผnรผn [ya da parรงalarฤฑn toplamฤฑnฤฑn] varlฤฑฤฤฑ da aralฤฑk olarak aรงฤฑklanmฤฑล olur.โ
Biz (Draper ve Smith) Collins'in NAฤฐ'yi Smith'in daha รถnceki makalesinin baฤlฤฑ olduฤu genel bir ilke ile bir tutmasฤฑnฤฑn bir hatanฤฑn ortaya รงฤฑkmasฤฑ. รncelikle NAฤฐ bir ilke deฤil bir oluลumdur (รถncรผl gรถstergenin โberiโ olduฤuna dikkat edin). Daha da รถnemlisi, baฤlama iรงinde okunduฤunda, bunun tรผm bรผtรผnler ve parรงalar hakkฤฑnda deฤil, รถzellikle evren ve parรงalar hakkฤฑnda bir birleลim olduฤu aรงฤฑk olmalฤฑdฤฑr.
Elbette gรผlle รถrneฤinin doฤru olduฤu anlaลฤฑldฤฑฤฤฑnda NAฤฐ'yi tehdit edip etmediฤini istemek hala meลrudur. Bu soruyu yanฤฑtlamak iรงin รถncelikle NAฤฐ'yi yeniden ifade edelim. Bu gereklidir รงรผnkรผ ลu anda ifade edildiฤi ลekliyle ilk cรผmlesi gereksizdir. Tรผm evrenin parรงalarฤฑnฤฑn (ya da tรผm gรผlle uรงuลunun parรงalarฤฑnฤฑn) varlฤฑฤฤฑ, bu parรงalarฤฑn parรงalarฤฑ nedensel olarak aรงฤฑklanmฤฑล olsun ya da olmasฤฑn, bรผtรผnรผn elemanlarฤฑ gerektirir ve bu ลekilde kฤฑrฤฑlma olarak รงalฤฑลabilir. Asฤฑl mesele bรถyle bir aรงฤฑklamanฤฑn ne zaman geรงerli olduฤudur. Dolayฤฑsฤฑyla NAฤฐ aลaฤฤฑdaki ลekilde daha iyi ifade edilir:
NAฤฐ: Evrenin parรงalarฤฑnฤฑn (durumlarฤฑnฤฑn) her birinin varlฤฑฤฤฑ, evrenin (daha รถnceki) parรงalarฤฑ finansal aรงฤฑdan mali aรงฤฑdan tam bir kopukluk olduฤunda, evrenin varlฤฑฤฤฑ tamamen aรงฤฑklanmฤฑล olur, รงรผnkรผ evrenin varlฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑn parรงalarฤฑnฤฑn bรถlรผmlerinin bir sonuรงlarฤฑ.
Gรผllenin uรงuลu, bu uรงuลun daha รถnceki bรถlรผmlerinin bakฤฑล aรงฤฑsฤฑ olarak tam bir baฤฤฑmsฤฑzlฤฑฤa sahip olmasฤฑ, gรผllenin uรงuลunun parรงalarฤฑ ve bunlarฤฑn nedensel iliลkilerinin tamamen aรงฤฑklandฤฑฤฤฑ varmak iรงin saฤlam bir paralel daฤฤฑlฤฑmฤฑ oluลturulmaz.
Yine de burada Collins'in itirazฤฑnฤฑn รงรผrรผtรผldรผฤรผ varmak hata olacaktฤฑr. รรผnkรผ Collins, onun bir evren genelinin รถnceki durumlar aรงฤฑsฤฑndan eksiksiz bir yayฤฑnlanmanฤฑn daha sahip olmasฤฑ nedeniyle, bu durumlarฤฑn genel bakฤฑล aรงฤฑsฤฑnฤฑn eksiksiz bir kรผresel daฤฤฑlฤฑma sahip olduฤu ve ortaya รงฤฑktฤฑฤฤฑ bir soru iลareti olduฤunu kabul ederek meydan okunabilir. Zira Big Bang kozmolojisi Tanrฤฑ'ya hiรงbir ลekilde bulunmasa da, barutun patlamasฤฑnฤฑn herhangi bir uรงuล parรงalarฤฑnฤฑn parรงasฤฑ olduฤu kadar Tanrฤฑ'nฤฑn da herhangi bir evren parรงalarฤฑnฤฑn eksiksiz ayrฤฑntฤฑlarฤฑn aรงฤฑklamanฤฑn bir parรงasฤฑ desteฤi nasฤฑl emin olabiliriz?
Bu sorunun amacฤฑ Bรผyรผk patlama tekilliฤinin sebebinin Tanrฤฑ olabileceฤinin รถne sรผrรผlmesi deฤildir. Zamanฤฑn ilk anฤฑ olsaydฤฑ t0'da var olacak evren durumu, evrenin tรผm รผรง boyutlu bรถlรผmรผnรผn iรงinde toplandฤฑฤฤฑ sฤฑfฤฑr boyutlu bir nokta olurdu; fizikรงilerin bu deฤiลimi โsonsuz yoฤunโ derken kastettikleri budur. Ancak bรถyle bir noktanฤฑn varlฤฑฤฤฑ hem geniล hem de geniล bir imkansฤฑzlฤฑktฤฑr. Dolayฤฑsฤฑyla, t0'da var olacaฤฤฑ varsayฤฑlan tekil durum yalnฤฑzca gerรงek olmamasฤฑyla kalmaz, aynฤฑ zamanda gerรงek de olamaz ve dolayฤฑsฤฑyla Tanrฤฑ bile bu durum neden olarak evreni yaratmaz.3
Ancak Collins'in aklฤฑnda olan bu deฤil. รnermek istiyor, evren t0'da var olmasa ve genel olarak herhangi bir ilk varoluล anฤฑna sahip olmasa bile, Tanrฤฑ'nฤฑn yaratฤฑcฤฑ hareketinin herhangi bir evren parรงasฤฑnฤฑn tam nedensel olarak oluลan bir parรงasฤฑ olabileceฤidir. (Benzer ลekilde, patlayan barut, gรผllenin uรงuลu t1'de var olmasa ve ilk varoluล olmasa bile, herhangi bir uรงuล bloฤunun tam nedensel bir parรงasฤฑdฤฑr). Ancak Collins'i, evrenin var olmasฤฑnฤฑ isteyen ilahi bir eylemin tam anlamฤฑyla t0'da daฤฤฑlฤฑmฤฑnฤฑ รถne รงฤฑkarฤฑlmฤฑล ลekilde yorumlamalฤฑyฤฑz. Bรถyle bir yorum gรผvensizlik olur รงรผnkรผ eฤer bir t0 zamanฤฑ olsaydฤฑ, Friedmann'ฤฑn kozmolojisi tarafฤฑndan ortaya konan fiziksel zaman serisine ait olurdu; Friedmann'ฤฑn denklemindeki zamansal deฤiลken โtโnin bir deฤeri gรถsteriliyordu ve bu zamansal deฤiลken Friedmann tarafฤฑndan fiziksel zamanlar arasฤฑnda mevcut olarak รงalฤฑลฤฑyordu. Collins, Tanrฤฑ'nฤฑn var olduฤu metafiziksel bir zaman serisi olduฤunu ve herhangi bir fiziksel hฤฑzda metafiziksel bir ลekilde mevcut olduฤunu varsayarak en iyi ลekilde ifade edebilir [bkz. Smith 1993, 1998; ve Craig 2001]. O zaman Collins, t0 olmasa bile, fiziksel zaman serisini ve bu fiziksel serisi zaman tรผm evren durumlarฤฑnฤฑ nedensel olarak ortaya รงฤฑkaran ilahi bir yaratฤฑcฤฑ eylemin metafiziksel bir T0 zamanฤฑ olduฤunu iddia edebilir. Ancak Tanrฤฑ'nฤฑn evreninin eksiksiz metafiziksel aรงฤฑklamasฤฑnฤฑn bir parรงasฤฑ olma durumunu kabul eder ve bรถylece Smith'in varlฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑn Tanrฤฑ'nฤฑn yokluฤunu gรถstermediฤini kabul etse de, iki รถnemli sonuรง ortaya รงฤฑkar.
ฤฐlk olarak, Big Bang kozmolojik รถnemli bir teistik รงoฤalma, yani kelam kozmolojik รงoฤalmayฤฑ gรถstermektedir. Bu sonuรงta dikkat รงekicidir รงรผnkรผ kelamฤฑn ortaya รงฤฑkฤฑลฤฑnฤฑ savunanlarฤฑn รงoฤu destek iรงin Big Bang kozmolojisine baลvurmaktadฤฑr. Kelam varlฤฑฤฤฑna gรถre, var olmaya baลlayan onun varlฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑn kendisinden baลka bir nedeni vardฤฑr; Dolayฤฑsฤฑyla, evrenin var olmaya baลlamasฤฑna gรถre, varlฤฑklarฤฑn kendisinden baลka bir neden olduฤu sonucu ortaya รงฤฑkar. Bir yandan โvar olmaya baลlamaโnฤฑn, โvarlฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑn ilk anฤฑna sahip olmanฤฑnโ anlamฤฑna geldiฤini varsayalฤฑm. O halde bu artฤฑลฤฑn ikinci รถnermesi, yani evrenin var olmaya baลlamasฤฑ รถnermesi reddedilmelidir. รรผnkรผ yukarฤฑda aรงฤฑklandฤฑฤฤฑ gibi, Big Bang kozmolojisi evrenin t0'da var olabilir ve daha genel olarak en erken anฤฑn yapฤฑlmadฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑ destekler. รte yandan, โvar olmaya baลlarโ hayatฤฑnan sadece โsonlu yaลta yaลlฤฑdฤฑrโ anlamฤฑna geldiฤini varsayalฤฑm. O zaman varlฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑn ilk รถncรผlรผ, sonlu derecede yaลlฤฑ olan herhangi bir ลeyin varlฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑn kendisinden baลka bir nedeni olduฤunu ileri sรผrer. Ancak ''Kendi Kendinin Nedeni Olan Bir Evrene iliลkin Kozmolojik Argรผman'daki รงoฤalma, bu kaynaฤฤฑn doฤrulandฤฑฤฤฑ iรงin iyi bir neden olmadฤฑฤฤฑ gรถsterilmiลtir.
ฤฐkinci olarak, Tanrฤฑ'nฤฑn varlฤฑฤฤฑ kanฤฑtlayamasa bile, buna karลฤฑ gรผรงlรผ bir olasฤฑlฤฑksal รงeลitliliฤimiz vardฤฑr, hatta Collins'in tasarฤฑmฤฑndaki รงeลitliliฤiyle aynฤฑ yapฤฑ yapฤฑsฤฑna sahip bir oluลum. รรผnkรผ Smith โKendi Kendinin Nedeni Olan Bir Evrene iliลkin Kozmolojik Argรผmanโda sadece kendi kendine oluลan bir evren mรผmkรผn deฤildi, aynฤฑ zamanda bunun gerรงekliฤinin en iyi bilimsel kozmolojimiz tarafฤฑndan desteklendiฤini de gรถsterdi. Elbette teistler buna ลaลฤฑrmalฤฑ, doฤaรผstรผ nedenlerin varlฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑ reddeden metafizik natรผralistler ise ลaลฤฑrmamalฤฑdฤฑr. Kabil etmek gerekir ki, pek รงok natรผralist evrenin devletinin โkaba bir gerรงekโ (yani, aรงฤฑklamasฤฑ olmayan bir gerรงek) olduฤuna inanmaktadฤฑr; Ancak bu inanca sahip olmalarฤฑnฤฑn tek nedeni, yanlฤฑลlฤฑkla evrensel natรผralist bir aรงฤฑklamanฤฑn imkansฤฑz olduฤunu dรผลรผnmeleridir. Dolayฤฑsฤฑyla, Collins'in โolabilirlik ilkesi โne dayanabilir ลu anda var olabiliriz: Evrenin kรถkeni ve evrimine iliลkin en iyi bilimsel teorimizin evrenin kendi kendine oluลtuฤu iddiasฤฑnฤฑ desteklemesi, natรผralizm gรถz รถnรผne alฤฑndฤฑฤฤฑnda teizm gรถz รถnรผne alฤฑndฤฑฤฤฑnda รงok daha olasฤฑdฤฑr ve bu nedenle natรผralizmi teizme karลฤฑ รงok gรผรงlรผ bir kanฤฑttฤฑr.
Ekler: Teknik รzellikler (Quentin Smith tarafฤฑndan)
Collins, iรงeriฤine doฤrudan yanฤฑt vermeme รถncesinde, aralฤฑฤฤฑn bazฤฑ yakฤฑnlarฤฑna yรถnelik iki teknik itirazda bulunmaktadฤฑr. Bu itirazlardan ilki, oluลumlarฤฑn mutlak anlamda tรผm evrensel durumlardan bahsedilebileceฤini varsaymanฤฑn; Ancak Collins, Einstein'ฤฑn รถzel gรถrelilik teorisinin bunun mรผmkรผn olduฤu reddedildi, bunun yerine herhangi bir anlฤฑk evren durumu ayarฤฑnฤฑn belirli bir eylemsiz referans รงerรงevelerine gรถre รงalฤฑลtฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑ ima ettiฤini sรถylรผyor. Bununla birlikte, makalemin รถzel gรถreliliฤi deฤil Friedmann'ฤฑn kozmolojisini aรงฤฑkรงa varsaydฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑ belirtiyor. Friedmann'ฤฑn kozmolojisi Einstein'ฤฑn genel gรถrelilik kuramฤฑnฤฑn evrenimize uygulanan รงรถzรผmรผdรผr; รถzel gรถrelilik ise genel gรถrelilik denklemlerinin โvakum รงรถzรผmรผdรผrโ. Felsefeciler tarafฤฑndan genellikle fark edilmeyen รถzel ve genel gรถrelilikle ilgili bu nokta burada รงok รถnemlidir. รรผnkรผ Friedmann'ฤฑn kozmolojisi mutlak bir รงerรงeveyi ya da sฤฑklฤฑkla sรถylendiฤi gibi โayrฤฑcalฤฑklฤฑ bir รงerรงeveyiโ kabul eder (รถrneฤin Valentini [1996]; ve Misner, Thorne ve Wheeler [1973] tarafฤฑndan).
ฤฐkinci teknik itiraz ise evrenin belirsizliฤi olduฤudur ki bu da benim her merkezde evren birimleri รถnceki anlฤฑk evren durumlarฤฑndan kaynaklandฤฑฤฤฑ gizlenฤฑma ลรผphe dรผลmรผyor. Bu itiraz, โKendi Kendinin Nedeni Olan Bir Evrene iliลkin Kozmolojik Argรผmanโda tartฤฑลmaya yer olmayan pek รงok bilimsel teoriden biri olan kuantum mekaniฤine dayanmaktadฤฑr. Collins benim gรถrรผลรผmรผ รถฤrenmek istiyor; iลte kฤฑsaca รถzetliyorum. Nedensel olarak determinist olan Bohmian kuantum mekaniฤini varsayฤฑyorum. Valentini [1996] Bohmian kuantum mekaniฤinin Friedmann'ฤฑn kozmolojisiyle bรผtรผnleลtirilebileceฤini savunmaktadฤฑr; sonuรง olarak, evrenin mutlak bir eลzamanlฤฑlฤฑk evreninin iรงerdiฤi nedensel olarak determinist bir evrendir.
Dipnotlar
[1] Collins'in โSmith'in Kozmolojik Argรผmanฤฑna ฤฐtirazlarโฤฑn sonunda ileriye doฤru ilerlediฤinin aksine, bu aรงฤฑklamanฤฑn dรถngรผsรผnรผsel olarak dikkat edin. รรผnkรผ tรผm evrenin varoluลu (mantฤฑksal olarak) evrenin tรผm uygun parรงalarฤฑnฤฑn varlฤฑฤฤฑdฤฑr ve evrenin herhangi bir uygun parรงasฤฑnฤฑn varlฤฑฤฤฑ (nedensel olarak) diฤer uygun farklฤฑ parรงalar tarafฤฑndan aรงฤฑklanฤฑr. Collins'in itirazฤฑ, nedensel ve geniล aรงฤฑklamalarฤฑn bir araya getirilmesi ve bir parรงanฤฑn daha รถnceki parรงalar tarafฤฑndan aรงฤฑklanmasฤฑ, bรผtรผnรผn tรผm parรงalarฤฑn aรงฤฑklanmasฤฑyla karฤฑลtฤฑrฤฑlmasฤฑna dayanmaktadฤฑr.
[2] โSmith'in Kozmolojik Argรผmanlarฤฑna ฤฐtirazlar โฤฑn son doฤru Collins, Smith'in รงฤฑkฤฑลฤฑyla ilgili sorunu sonsuz gerileme problemiyle karลฤฑ karลฤฑya kalabileceฤi ileri sรผreleri: โEvrenin bir parรงasฤฑ (bir NAฤฐ) bir ya da daha fazla รถnceki parรงa tarafฤฑndan aรงฤฑklanฤฑr, bu da bir ya da daha fazla รถnceki parรงa tarafฤฑndan aรงฤฑklanฤฑr, ad infinitum. bรถylece, toplam kฤฑsmฤฑ asla tam olarak aรงฤฑklanฤฑr, รถzetle aรงฤฑklamayฤฑ kalan kฤฑsmฤฑ her zaman daha fazla ลarkฤฑyฤฑ duyar. Teistin peลinde olduฤu da tam olarak bu tรผr bir aรงฤฑklamadฤฑr.โ Buna vereceฤiniz yanฤฑtlar. Sรผreklilik arz eden รงok sayฤฑda evren durumu olduฤu iรงin, her anlฤฑk evren durumundan kendisinden รถnce gelen tรผm koลullar tarafฤฑndan yeterince neden gรถsterilir ve tam olarak aรงฤฑklanฤฑr. Dolayฤฑsฤฑyla sonsuz bir nedenlerin gerilemesi sรถz konusu deฤildir.
[3] Spekรผlatif kuantum tรผkenen kozmolojilerinin bazฤฑ eski yorumlarฤฑna (.รถrnek Smith 2006, s. 86โ106) ve t0 fiziksel zamanฤฑndaki tekilliฤin gerรงek olduฤuna dair olaylarlara (bkz. รถrnek Smith 2006, s.41โ85) raฤmen, kozmologlarฤฑn ana akฤฑm inancฤฑnฤฑn hiรงbir kuantum kozmolojisinin Friedmann'ฤฑn kozmolojisinden daha iyi desteklenmediฤi ve Friedman'ฤฑn denkleminin bรผyรผk Patlama tekilliฤinin gerรงekรงi bir yorumuyla tutarlฤฑ olduฤu yรถnรผndedir. Ayrฤฑca, Smith'in mevcut gรถrรผลรผ ile Smith 2006'daki (s. 41โ86) gรถrรผลler parรงalar uyumsuz olsa da, Smith'in aynฤฑ fikir ve oluลumlar hakkฤฑnda ayrฤฑntฤฑlarฤฑ deฤiลtirip deฤiลtirmediฤini gรถstermesi hata olacaktฤฑr. Bรถylece, fiziksel kozmoloji รผzerine daha fazla รงalฤฑลma onu Friedman ve Kuantum Yerรงekimi kozmolojilerini derinleลtirerek daha ayrฤฑntฤฑlฤฑ ve ontolojik olarak daha doฤru bir ลekilde okuyabilmeye yรถneltmiลtir. (Bir kiลinin izlediฤi bu tรผr bir evrimi, รถncelikli olarak sorgulamadan tercihli fizikte รงok daha fazlasฤฑ vardฤฑ). Smith'in son deฤerlendirmesinin bir taslaฤฤฑ Smith 2008, s. 73โ124'te yer alฤฑyor, yazฤฑm hatalarฤฑndan arฤฑndฤฑrฤฑlmฤฑล bir versiyonu yakฤฑnda www.qsmithwmu.com adresinde yayฤฑnlanacak.
[4] Collins ayrฤฑca Tanrฤฑ'nฤฑn evrenini sรผrekli olarak yarattฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑ sรถylemek istiyorsa, bu, onun fiziksel zamana karลฤฑlฤฑk gelen, fiziksel zamana ve o fiziksel zamanda var olan evreni รผretebilen neden olan ilahi bir yaratฤฑcฤฑ eylem iรงeren metafiziksel bir zaman olduฤu gelir.
Orijinal Metin: Collins'in Toplar ve Kozmoloji รzerine
deluzyoner42.medium.com/collinโฆ
โA Cosmological Argument for a Self-Caused Universeโ (Kendi Kendinin Nedeni Olan Bir Evrene iliลkin Kozmolojik Argรผman) baลlฤฑklฤฑ makalede, iรงimizden biri (Smith) evrenin kendi varlฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑ aรงฤฑkladฤฑฤฤฑnฤฑโฆDelรผzyon_Emekรงisi (Medium)
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Bas-Relief of Stalin restored at Taganskaya Metro Station in Moscow Rossa Primavera News from RussiaAvis Krane (Rossa Primavera International News)
IMAGINE THAT: Homicides Are Down 60 Percent in Denver Following ICE Deportations
thegatewaypundit.com/2025/05/iโฆ
ย ย ย ย ย ย The liberal โsanctuary cityโ of Denver, Colorado is experiencing an outbreak of law and order, following the deportation of criminal illegal immigrants by ICE.Mike LaChance (Where Hope Finally Made a Comeback)
like this
Mars Express mission operators at ESOC successfully sent a new software patch that would allow the spacecraft to operate in its third decade.
#operations #space #science #esa #europeanspaceagency
posted by pod_feeder_v2
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Erik Uden ๐
in reply to Erik Uden ๐ • • •โ Arundhati Roy, 15th of December 2023 in The Hindu
funbaker
in reply to Erik Uden ๐ • • •Glitzersachen
in reply to Erik Uden ๐ • • •> I wonder how many Palestinians will be murdered for daring to remember the current genocide.
That's an important point. Even if the intention was not a full out genocide initially, now so many things "went wrong"[1] that there is a strong incentive not to leave any witnesses.
Which never works, BTW. It's a riddle for me, why the supporters of the current policies in Israel (largely the current government) think this will end well. History suggests to me, it won't.
๐ข
[1] I, personally, cannot be sure what the plan was at the beginning. So just not to rile up people I'll go with the idea that the current situation was not the goal, but s.th. the Isreali government ended up with through short-sightedness, inept handling of a crisis and populism.
gullevek โข๏ธ ๐ฏ๐ต
in reply to Erik Uden ๐ • • •Disisdeguey๐ปPavlichenko๐ต๐ธ
in reply to Erik Uden ๐ • • •Mirishuli
in reply to Erik Uden ๐ • • •I donโt understand why the people are not fleeing? Why arenโt they crossing over into Egypt? Lebanon? Jordan? We saw Ukrainians pour into other parts of Europe.
I donโt understand why the region isnโt rattling their sabers at Israel? Why isnโt the Egyptian Air Force in the skies?
Canadian Crone
in reply to Erik Uden ๐ • • •Words are Wind
in reply to Erik Uden ๐ • • •Is this called G-E-N-O-C-I-D-E, or is it H-O-L-O-C-A-U-S-T?
Meckerkopp
in reply to Erik Uden ๐ • • •Soviel zu Moral und Werten