Jupiter was formerly twice its current size, had a much stronger magnetic field
Link: phys.org/news/2025-05-jupiter-…
Discussion: news.ycombinator.com/item?id=4…
Understanding Jupiter's early evolution helps illuminate the broader story of how our solar system developed its distinct structure.Lori Dajose (Phys.org)
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Whitney joined Media Roots Radio to discuss the PayPal mafia of rebranded neocons, and how they are ushering us into a neofeudal tech dictatorshipUnlimited Hangout
Here's a link to a 5-hour Congressional Hearing on April 6, 2000, on Autism and Childhood Vaccines. C-Span is the only place I could find this.
The committee chair was Rep. Dan Burton (R-Indiana), whose granddaughter nearly died after getting a Hep-B shot. His grandson becoming severely autistic after getting 9 vaccines in one day. Burton is now a lobbyist for the Church of Scientology.
The vice-chair was Rep. Henry Waxman (D-California) who was and still is a big pharma shill, and is a lobbyist for them now.
Here's how the hearing went:
I tried to download this video from C-Span, but no luck with the software I use. I also tried to save the link to the Wayback Machine, and it did save for one day, then disappeared with an error message.
c-span.org/program/house-commi…
Witnesses testified about a theory that routine vaccinations may cause autism in a growing number of children. Parents spoke about their experiences with their own autistic children.C-SPAN
The Government of Hungary intends to prevent a complete ban on the supply of Russian energy resources in Europe. This was stated by Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban.newsmaker1 newsmaker1 (English News front)
I've never been around rams like this. Judging by this video, when it comes to winning the girl, the behavior is always the same.
Rams Fighting
youtube.com/watch?v=mEJm4GpDMR…
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Our socials: fediverse.blog/~/ActaPopuli/fo…
Follow us on social
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Partial progress marks the Iran-US nuclear talks in Rome as Tehran insists enrichment remains non-negotiable.Al Mayadeen English (Iran-US talks in Rome yield limited progress, Omani FM says)
Uydurulmuş Bir İnanç, Yıkılamayan Bir Nefret
Mahmut Uzun
Sünni denilen “Türk-İslam sentezi”,
Türk’ün devlet eliyle inşa ettiği uydurulmuş bir inandır.
Tarihi ne gelenekten gelir, ne hakikatten.
Başta Aleviler olmak üzere, bu toprakların kadim inançlarına ve halklarına düşmanlıkla var olmuş,
kökü yüzyıllara uzanan bir nefret ideolojisine dönüşmüş ve tüm toplumları kendisine dönüştürmek için nice katlıyamlarını yapmış ve devletlerin tüm imkanlardan faydalanmıştır...
Alevi nefreti, bir sapma değil, bir bağnaz dinin adıdır.
İnancın değil, inkârın adıdır bu sistem.
Ve şunu açıkça söylüyorum:
Değişmesi mümkün
değildir.
Çünkü kendini var eden nefretle yaşıyor, onunla büyüdü, büyümeye devam ediyor.
Bu topraklarda hakikat isteyenler için gerçek
nettir:
Bu nefret dağılmadan, biz bir arada yaşıyamayız.
Gerçek budur.
Dağılabilirsiniz.
instagram.com/p/DJ9-29XtbjU/
9 likes, 0 comments - muzun58 on May 22, 2025: "Uydurulmuş Bir İnanç, Yıkılamayan Bir Nefret Mahmut Uzun Sünni denilen “Türk-İslam sentezi”, Türk’ün devlet eliyle inşa ettiği uydurulmuş bir inandır. Tarihi ne gelenekten gelir, ne hakikatten.Instagram
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Israeli forces admitted to forcing Palestinian civilians in Gaza to act as human shields, a widespread practice known as the ‘mosquito protocol,’ despite being banned by Israeli courts and international law.امین محمدزادگان خوئی (IRNA English)
بنجامین فرانکلین، نفْس خویش را به مدد امساک و پرهیزگاری، که از دوران شباب بدان خو گرفته بود، مهار کرد و به خلوص آن همت ورزید. او فهرستی شامل سیزده روش سودمند در زمینهٔ آموزش اخلاق، که خود وی در تمام طول زندگی بدان پایبند بود، به صورت زیر تنظیم کرد:
خویشتنداری: شکم را تا مرز بلاهتِ شعور پُر مکن و تا مرز بیخودی منوش.
سکوت: سخنی بران که خود یا دیگران از آن سود گیرید؛ از سخنان بیثمر پرهیز کن.
نظم و انضباط: هرچیز را در جای خود قرار ده و هر کاری را به وقت خود موقوف کن.
عزم و اراده: آنچه را باید به انجام رسد، بدان همت گمار، و آنچه را بدان اراده نمودهای، بدون وقفه و خلل به انجام رسان.
قناعت: از خرج کردن برای خوشآمدِ دیگران یا خشنودی خویش بپرهیز و چیزی را ضایع مکن.
سعی و کوشش: زمان را از دست مده، هر لحظه به کاری سودمند بپرداز، کارهای باطل را از خود دور کن.
راستی و درستی: از فریب بپرهیز، اندیشه را به عصمت و حقیقت آراسته دار و به سخن خویش پایبند باش.
عدالت: راضی به زیان دیگران مباش، مباد که بر کسان ستمی روا داری و آنان را از خیری که بدان موظفی، بینصیب گردانی.
اعتدال: از تندروی پرهیز کن؛ اهانت ناروا به دیگران، که به گمان خویش، خود نیز درخور آن نیستی، روا مدار.
نظافت: ناپاکی را از تن و جامه و خانهٔ خویش بزدا.
آسایش خیال: آرام باش و از خردهگیری بپرهیز و از وقایع عادی و حوادث اجتنابناپذیر روی درهم مکش.
عفّت: در ارضای میل جنسی اعتدال را رعایت کن؛ تنها بهخاطر حفظ تندرستی و بقای نسل و نه تا مرز جنون و سستی، نزدیکی کن. در این راه از جرح عواطف و سلامت خود و دیگری خودداری کن و دغدغهٔ خوشنامی خویشتن را به دل داشته باش.
تواضع و فروتنی: از پیشکسوتان بزرگ، مانند عیسی مسیح و سقراط تقلید کن.
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From Voice of Korea. http://vok.rep.kp/index.php/detail_com/comde/iee250423001/57/en People have moved into new flats in the capital city of Pyongyang every year since 2022 thanks to the housing construction policy of the government of the Democratic…Dermot Hudson (KFAUK.com)
In einer funktionierenden Gesellschaft passen sich die Gäste dem Gastgeber an.
In Deutschland passt sich die Gesellschaft den Gästen an und verzichtet auf seine Kultur.
#Islamismus #Gruppenvergewaltigungen #Messermorde #Brandmauertote #Islam #Brandmaueropfer #Massenvergewaltigungen
#Islam #Moslem
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1M likes, 41K comments - beverlyadaeze on April 8, 2025: "Gynecologists get in there and just start doing any ol thing 😂 #obgyn #gynecologist #parody #medicaltiktok #Productreview".Instagram
I have been playing around with chmod, chown, setfacl and special bits trying to get multiple system/full users in same group correct access permissions to my media collection.
But I've messed it up somehow and now I'm having weird problems that are hard to track.
I would like to set my whole collection back to the defaults.
What is the best way to do this?
One problem I've had when making changes to so many files is the process seems to go forever without completing. Eventually it gets killed so my filesystem has variable attributes throughout. how can this be worked around?
I want everything to be owned by myuser, group media, everything else default I will sort it from there once I have a fresh slate.
And is there a way to backup these attributes only? I don't have enough storage to backup the files themselves.
It is Debian with ext4 filesystem.
Edit to add: Media collection is on its own separate drive/filesystem; this has no impact on anything else on the computer.
cd /filesystem/in/question
chown myuser:media -R /filesystem/in/question
find -exec chacl -B -- {} +
find -exec chmod 644 -- {} +
find -type d -exec chmod 755 -- {} +
I'm not familiar with chacl ("change the access control list of a file or directory"). Is is similar to setfacl ("set file access control lists")? A matter of preference/habit?
It seems like -B does "Remove all ACLs". Which I guess is what I am asking for? Files on linux are OK to have no ACLs?
About the find ... {} +, I see {} +
runs the specified command on the selected files, but the command line is built by appending each selected file name at the end; the total number of invocations of the command will be much less than the number of matched files.
So does it wait until it has found all the matches to run the command as a giant batch instead of running it as it finds matches?
So does it wait until it has found all the matches to run the command as a giant batch instead of running it as it finds matches?
almost. it runs the command in batches, if you have few enough files it may only run it once. this shouldn't make it slower, but actually faster.
and yes, linux does not use ACLs by default. ~~on ext4 usage of ACLs is not even enabled by default, but only if you set it up with the right mount option~~
chacl is from IRIX, and is included for backward compatibility afaik. setfacl is the more common command.
setfacl -b is the same as chacl -B IIRC
2025.5.16. http://www.mfa.gov.kp/view/article/22232 In December 2017, the 72nd Session of the UN General Assembly designated May 16 as the “International Day of Living Together in Peace” reflecting the growing desire and aspiration of mankind to live…Dermot Hudson (KFAUK.com)
You're a little company, now act like one
Link: longform.asmartbear.com/little…
Discussion: news.ycombinator.com/item?id=4…
You're afraid that looking like being a small company means you'll lose sales. It's actually the opposite -- you're alienating your best customers.Jason Cohen (A Smart Bear)
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Hong Kong's Famous Bamboo Scaffolding Hangs on (For Now)
Link: nytimes.com/2025/05/24/world/a…
Discussion: news.ycombinator.com/item?id=4…
2025.5.21. http://www.mfa.gov.kp/view/article/22241 Amidst the warmth of spring, the DPRK is brimming over with a festive atmosphere with the third housewarming celebrations taking place in the Hwasong area of the capital city of Pyongyang…Dermot Hudson (KFAUK.com)
merkur.de/produktempfehlung/co…
Ab 27. Mai verwendet Meta öffentliche Inhalte von WhatsApp, Instagram und Facebook für KI-Training. So widersprechen Sie der Datennutzung noch rechtzeitig.merkur.de
Berlin, May 24 (Prensa Latina) German Defense Minister Boris Pistorius expressed uncertainty about the US nuclear umbrella for Europe, according to the local public radio broadcasting consortium ARD.Alina Ramos Martin (Prensa Latina)
Mein #Held heißt Imad #Karim – 1977 kam er als junger Student nach #Deutschland, geflohen vor dem #Bürgerkrieg im #Libanon. Er wurde #Filmemacher, war einst ein gefeierter Liebling des #ÖRR. Doch seit 2002 kritisiert er den politischen #Islam – und heute gehört er zu den schärfsten Kritikern der links-grünen #Diktatur!
🔴 Mein Appell: Schaut euch „Plötzlich #Staatsfeind“ an!
Ein Film, den #ImadKarim selbst finanziert hat – ohne Förderung, ohne Unterstützung. Stattdessen hat er sich verschuldet, weil der ÖRR ihn quasi verboten hat.
In einer funktionierenden Gesellschaft passen sich die Gäste dem Gastgeber an.
In Deutschland passt sich die Gesellschaft den Gästen an und verzichtet auf seine Kultur.
#Islamismus #Gruppenvergewaltigungen #Messermorde #Brandmauertote #Islam #Brandmaueropfer #Massenvergewaltigungen
#Islam #Moslem
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People need to start putting down cops that act like rabid dogs. #ACAB
old.reddit.com/r/ACAB/comments…
The student didn’t lay a finger on the officer and he is body slammedreddit
The United States has authorized transactions with Syria as part of sanctions relief, the Treasury said on Friday.Sputnik International
A review of The Mechanics of Mysticism! They call it "an ambitious bit of occasionally abstract electronica mashed up with bouncing rhythms" and I can't argue with that!
mephistophilizer.ghost.io/watc…
#MusicDiscovery #TheMechanicsOfMysticism #MusicReview #music
The Mechanics of Mysticism | artist: Ether Diver — An ambitious bit of occasionally abstract electronica mashed up with bouncing rhythms, The Mechanics of Mysticism proposes to be the preliminary results of an effort "to catalog the techniques, tools…Srogi Mroczek (Mephistophilizer)
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Following a fifth round of talks in Rome, the Iranian FM described them as the 'most professional' and said there is 'potential for progress'thecradle.co
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DumPy: NumPy except it's OK if you're dum
Link: dynomight.net/dumpy/
Discussion: news.ycombinator.com/item?id=4…
Some really cool stuff in this week's Other People's Music! It kicks off with some sound-design forward electro, seques into political ska punk, slides into a fun cover song then hits singer-songwriter pop and slowcore for the finale.
etherdiver.com/2025/05/23/opm-…
Someone was just recounting a discussion on reddit about the song Hurt, and which was better, the NIN or Johnny Cash. One of the comments was something like:
NIN's version is a suicide note.
Cash's version is a grave stone.
Posted in r/HolyShitNews by u/Voiceamerica • 13 points and 0 commentsreddit
In 1971, the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) published an issue of its journal Al-Hadaf, dedicating its second edition to the topic ‘The PFLP and External Operations.’ The piece explored the Front’s rationale and its responses to the varied reactions surrounding the operations it had launched since July 1968. Operations that included hijackings and bombing Israeli companies and embassies across Europe.
The Front’s response focused on its fundamental principles, chiefly, the nature and definition of the enemy. According to the PFLP, the enemy camp is a triad: The Israeli Entity (Zionist movement), global imperialism, and Arab reactionaries. This, the Front argued, was a precise diagnosis of the conflict. Consequently, it maintained that targeting the enemy should not be restricted by geography, since the enemy itself had made the entire world a battlefield.
The second pillar of the PFLP’s reasoning concerned media and mobilization: external operations, far from tarnishing the Palestinian cause, were in fact a form of revolutionary media that forced the world to listen to the Palestinians. “These operations,” the pamphlet stated, “are revolutionary propaganda that pulls out the wax from European ears.” During that period, the media dimension was central to the fedayeen who carried out such missions. In the collective will and testament of the martyrs of the 1972 Munich operation, the fighters wrote: “We hope our revolutionary action will help the world grasp the grotesque reality of the Zionist occupation in our land. Our revolutionary method aims to expose Zionist-imperialist ties.”
The martyrs, and the Front, were right. These operations functioned as screams against a near-total Zionist grip over global media. For Palestinians and Arabs living under suffocating silence, these missions were screams embodied in flesh and blood. As martyr Nizar Banat once put it: “In the 1970s, Palestinians struck hard, and the world sympathized. It sympathized when we struck back.”
The martyrs, and the Front, were right. These operations functioned as screams against a near-total Zionist grip over global media
Today’s reality is not far from the logic the PFLP once laid out. In fact, the enemy camp, with its Zionist, imperialist, and reactionary Arab lackeys, has never been more bloodthirsty. The media logic also remains sound: armed resistance is still the most potent form of revolutionary media. What has changed, however, is that new communications tools have enabled armed struggle within occupied Palestine to become the primary focus. For those who believe that today’s narrative shift in our favor is due to a global moral awakening in the face of genocide: imagine for a moment if the resistance in Gaza were to surrender, if the Israeli army marched in and handed the Strip over to the Palestinian Authority. How would the narrative look then, especially if written by collaborators with the occupation?
The rise of the “red triangle” marks a historic shift: for the first time, we are witnessing widespread admiration and respect for armed resistance, perhaps even more than the Viet Cong or Algeria’s FLN once received. Even amid vast ideological differences among Palestine supporters (and among Palestinians and Arabs themselves) “they are all red triangles,” as one friend put it. What the resistance’s ambushes protect is the Zionists’ worst nightmare: our unique and unbroken fusion of heroism and victimhood—a paradox that we express without contradiction. In this same vein, the operations in Yemen echo the historical model of “external operations.” If a bomb planted in the late 1960s at the ZIM Shipping Company’s office in London symbolized external targeting, then Yemen’s strikes today hit the company’s nerve center.
But our central and most pressing issue remains this: shifts in narratives, no matter how strategically important, do not stop a genocide. While Yemen has successfully confronted the US and harmed their interests, it has not yet succeeded in forcing the enemy to cease its extermination campaign. Returning to the PFLP’s handbook, its strategic guidance is worth recalling: “We must adopt the principle of adapting to the objective conditions of the battle, to the nature of the enemy and its tools.”
Hence, despite the anguish and rage, imagine that decades from now we ask ourselves: how did the Zionist bastards massacre us so thoroughly? How were we not “behind the enemy everywhere”?
Still, this question demands strategic analysis. One of the lessons from PFLP’s literature is the importance of debating strategy, something the resistance movements have often lacked in an era poisoned by fanfare and blind glorification, with devastating consequences. Ironically, the same booklet warned of the enemy’s ability to “sway those high on sectarianism, regionalism, or personal gain” (noting that “sectarianism” then referred more to factionalism than today’s usage).
This is a thorny issue. One could argue, with good reason, that such operations today might backfire, reviving Zionist propaganda that frames its war as an extension of the global “War on Terror.” This could also deepen western involvement in the efforts to exterminate us. Additionally, the fantasy that western powers will intervene to stop the genocide out of concern for their own internal stability is a weak and unlikely scenario. One thing is non-negotiable, however: targeting soldiers and settlers on Arab land and in normalizing Arab states is not only legitimate, it’s long overdue.
In this bleak chapter of our struggle, we have three immediate goals: stop the war, end the occupation of Gaza, and lift the siege. Achieving them means breaking the Israeli right wing and Netanyahu himself. But domestically, there’s no viable Zionist “division” to exploit; Netanyahu still commands a solid majority. His assassination, in this stage, would be both decisive and beneficial. Yet the real pressure point lies outside, within the US administration and, specifically, in the figure of Donald Trump. The key question, then, is how to force the Americans to put a leash on their rabid dog.
Hence, despite the anguish and rage, imagine that decades from now we ask ourselves: how did the Zionist bastards massacre us so thoroughly? How were we not “behind the enemy everywhere”?
Two years into this war, we don’t have many tools left, and due to miscalculations, we’ve mishandled the ones we did possess. What remains is the global pressure born of Zionist genocidal violence: its impact on media narratives and public opinion. But even this tool is limited. While genocide may have spurred global revulsion towards Zionism, it has paradoxically instilled fear, leading to cowardly retreats and survivalist instincts. The impact of this tool, though measurable in small shifts in public opinion, is unreliable and too slow. Time is made of blood and children’s limbs, and the Americans and Zionists have already accepted the cost of bad PR. They’ve doubled down.
Our next tool is Yemen, which continues to perform admirably. One of its most revolutionary traits is the relentless search for any way to exert pressure. The rage and urgency that shape its decision-making are signs of real revolutionary will. It is admittedly true that the blood of its leaders boils at every image coming out of Gaza.
The last tool is Gaza’s own endurance, and the legendary ability of its fighters to hurt the enemy. Zionism faces a strategic dilemma here: it has failed to fracture Gaza’s internal cohesion or create rifts between its people and the resistance. Even those who oppose Hamas know they share the same fate. Both sides know that their only salvation lies in the release of the captives. And as for us, who among us has the heart to look Gazans in the eye and say: hold on a little longer?
Within this strategic diagnosis, it is our duty to support these three tools: global pressure, the fortified front in Yemen, and Gaza’s unbreakable resilience. Support can come in words, funds, and perseverance, similar to that of Yemen’s. If the long-term answer to what is to be done? lies in reactivating the tools of the Second Intifada, then the urgent question of the moment is: Will Netanyahu’s madness trigger the reawakening of the tools that preceded it? Even if it takes the form of senseless violence in the face of total deadlock?
source: Al Akhbar
abolitionmedia.noblogs.org/?p=…
#alAqsaFlood #gaza #palestine #pflp #resistance #westBank
If the long-term answer to what is to be done? lies in reactivating the tools of the Second Intifada, then the urgent question of the moment is: Will Netanyahu’s madness trigger the reawakening of the tools that preceded it?Al-Akhbar English
Het Wereldvoedselprogramma (WFP) van de Verenigde Naties stelt dat op dit moment meer dan 70.000 kinderen in Gaza kampen met acute ondervoeding. Dat schrijft de hulporganisatie zaterdag op X.Veerle Schyns (NRC)
The Xenon Death Flash: How a Camera Nearly Killed the Raspberry Pi 2
Link: magnus919.com/2025/05/the-xeno…
Discussion: news.ycombinator.com/item?id=4…
The bizarre story of how taking flash photos could instantly crash the Raspberry Pi 2, the community detective work that solved it, and why this strange bug revealed fundamental flaws in modern chip design.Magnus Hedemark (Notes from the Rabbit Hole)
At least five Palestinians killed, 50 wounded by Israeli attack targeting people around a aid truck.Jillian Kestler-D'Amours (Al Jazeera)
“You need to destroy their offspring to prevent them from creating more offspring.”
– Sofia Emuna, Israeli activist protesting aid going to the starving population in Gaza
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"Das steht auch so im #Koran", erklärt der unterdrückte #Schutzsuchende.
#Richter zeigt Milde und sieht den Terror-Gläubigen "auf einem guten Weg", weil sein #Familiennachzug ansteht.
In einer funktionierenden Gesellschaft passen sich die Gäste dem Gastgeber an.
In Deutschland passt sich die Gesellschaft den Gästen an und verzichtet auf seine Kultur.
#Islamismus #Gruppenvergewaltigungen #Messermorde #Brandmauertote #Islam #Brandmaueropfer #Massenvergewaltigungen
#Islam #Moslem #Islamisten #Migration
Ein 19-jähriger Syrer musste sich am Landesgericht Linz wegen Mitgliedschaft in einer Terrorvereinigung verantworten. Er soll offen mit dem IS ...Andrea Kloimstein (Krone.at)
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Man I love #SamRockwell. He's one of my favorite actors. This video is spot-on and hits every mark for why Sam Rockwell is the most underrated actor in Hollywood this century.
Stop data brokers from exposing your personal information. Go to my sponsor https://aura.com/filmstack to get a 14-day free trial and see how much of your in...YouTube
The 18th meeting of the BRICS Tuberculosis Research Network was held last week in Brasilia, aiming to strengthen joint studies among the countries to develop faster treatments and new immunizers against the diseaseBRICS
When you play with fire you're bound to get burned. Or more specifically... When you play in the depths of the ocean relying on material not suited for the environment, you're bound to be crushed. #OceansGate #Titanic
The moment that Oceangate's Titan submersible was lost has been revealed in footage recorded on the sub's support ship. Titan imploded about 90 minutes into ...YouTube
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نظام سرمایهداری، از بدو پیدایش، بر پایهٔ مالکیت خصوصی، سودجویی فردی، و رقابتِ ساختاریافته استوار بوده است. با این حال در دوران معاصر، دولتها با استفاده از ابزار «ملیسازی» تلاش میکنند تا این نظام را در قالب چارچوبهای ملی بازتولید و مشروعیت بخشند. مفهوم «سرمایهٔ ملی» در نگاه اول، راهحلی برای تعدیل بحرانهای سرمایهداری و ایجاد توازن میان منافع عمومی و خصوصی به نظر میرسد؛ ولی در عمل نه عدالت اجتماعی را محقّق کرده و نه ساختار استثماری را دگرگون میسازد. نقد این مفهوم، بدون نقد همزمانِ دو رکنِ به هم پیوستهٔ «حکومت» و «مالکیت» ناتمام است. برای درک این مسئله باید از سطح ظاهریِ مفاهیم فراتر رویم و ریشههای ساختاریِ آنها را در نظام جهانی سرمایهداری واکاوی کنیم.
«حکومت» به عنوان نهادی متمرکز، همواره ادّعا میکند که نمایندهٔ ارادهٔ جمعی است؛ ولی در واقعیت ابزاری برای حفظ نظم موجود و تحکیم روابط سلطه است. در ایران پس از انقلاب ۱۳۵۷، شعارهای ضدسرمایهداری و عدالتجویانه منجر به نمایش ملیسازی گستردهٔ صنایع شد؛ اما این ملیسازیها نه به خودگردانی کارگران؛ که به انتقال مالکیت از بخش خصوصی به نهادهای دولتیِ جدیدی مانند بنیادهای انقلابی و سپاه پاسداران منجر شد. این نهادها با ادغام قدرت اقتصادی، سیاسی و نظامی، شکلی از «سرمایهداری حکومتی» را ایجاد کردند که در آن منابعی که باید عمومی میشد در خدمت انباشت ثروت گروهی خاص قرار گرفت. کارگران صنعت نفت یا فولاد همچنان درگیر رابطهٔ مزدبگیری بودند و از تصمیمگیری دربارهٔ سرنوشت کارخانهها محروم ماندند. این نمونه نشان میدهد که ملیسازی بدون تغییر رابطهٔ کار و سرمایه، تنها صورتِ مسئله را عوض میکند.
مفهوم «ملت» در این چارچوب، ابزاری برای تفرقهٔ انسانها و تخریبِ همبستگی فراملیست. مردم به دست مرزهای مصنوعی به شهروندانِ ملتهای رقیب تبدیل شده و تضادهای طبقاتی به درگیریهای ملی یا مذهبی تقلیل مییابند. چه در شاهنشاهی پهلوی و چه در جمهوری اسلامی، سیاستِ «وحدت ملی» همواره برای سرکوب خواستههای قومیتها (مانند کردها، بلوچها، عربها و…) به کار رفته است. این سیاست در عین تشدید نابرابری اقتصادی، مبارزهٔ قومیتهای مختلف را از هم جدا کرده و از تشکیل یک جبههٔ واحد علیه ظلم جلوگیری میکند. در سطح جهانی نیز جنگهای تجاری میان قدرتها (مانند تحریمهای ایالات متّحدهٔ آمریکا علیه جمهوری اسلامی ایران) با شعار «حفظ منافع ملی» توجیه میشود؛ ولی در واقعیت، این نه حکومتها که طبقات فرودستِ هر دو کشورند که قربانی این درگیریها میشوند.
اما هستهٔ اصلی این نظام خودِ «مالکیت» است. مالکیت صرفاً در اختیار داشتن پول یا ماشینآلات نیست؛ بلکه رابطهای اجتماعی است که در آن انسانها ناچارند کار خود را برای بقا به ازای دستمزد بفروشند. این رابطه ارزش افزودهٔ کار را از کنندهٔ آن جدا کرده و به بازتولید نابرابری میانجامد. حتا اگر دولت مالک ابزار تولید شود (مانند تجربهٔ اتحاد شوروی) بازهم این رابطهٔ استثماری پابرجاست. تفاوت تنها در این است که به جای سرمایهداران خصوصی، بوروکراتهای دولتی سود حاصل از کار جمعی را تصاحب میکنند. بحرانهای دورهای سرمایهداری مانند رکود اقتصادی ۲۰۰۸ یا تورّم افسارگسیخته در ایران نشان میدهند که این نظام ذاتاً ناپایدار و ویرانگر است. در ایران، خصوصیسازیِ آب و تبدیل آن به کالا، منجر به خشک شدن تالابها و اعتراضات گسترده در اصفهان، خوزستان و… شد. این نمونهها ثابت میکند که سرمایهداری (حتا در شکل دولتی) انسان و طبیعت را فدای انباشت سود میکند.
راه رهایی از این چرخه نه اصلاح نظام، که نابودی همزمان مفهوم حکومت و مالکیت است. تجربههای تاریخی مانند کمون پاریس (۱۸۷۱) یا انقلاب در اسپانیا (۱۹۳۶) نشان دادهاند که خود مردم میتوانند جامعه را بدون سلسله مراتب مدیریت کنند. آنارشیستها در اسپانیا با تشکیل شوراهای خودگردان، کارخانهها و زمینها را در اختیار خود مردم گذاشتند. تولید نه برای سود، که برای رفع نیازهای جامعه سازماندهی شد. در ایران پس از انقلاب ۵۷ نیز شوراهای کارگری در برخی کارخانهها شکل گرفتند که البته این تجربه با سرکوب دولت نوپای اسلامی مواجه شد. این شکستها نشان میدهند که بدون الغای مفهوم سرمایه، هر جنبشی در دام دولتسازی یا بازتولید رابطهٔ استثماری گرفتار میشود.
جنبشهای معاصر مانند زاپاتیستاهای مکزیک، جایگزین دیگری را برایمان روشن میکنند: جامعهای مبتنی بر خودگردانی محلی، مالکیت اشتراکی غیرمتمرکز و همبستگی فرامرزی. زاپاتیستاها نه تنها حکومت را رد میکنند، بلکه منطق کالاییسازی را از زندگی روزمره حذف کردهاند. در ایران اعتراضاتی چون کارگران نیشکر هفتتپه یا معلمان گرچه عمدتاً خواستههای صنفی دارند ولی میتوانند سنگ بنایی برای خودسازماندهی فراتر از چارچوبهای دولتی باشند.
نتیجه آن که مفهوم «سرمایهٔ ملی» ادعایی بیش نیست. این مفهوم نمیپذیرد که مشکل اصلی نه در نوع «مالکیت» یا «دولت»، که در خودِ رابطهٔ اجتماعیِ سرمایه و جداسازی انسانها در قالب «ملت»هاست. تا زمانی که کار انسان به کالایی برای مبادله تبدیل میشود، تا زمانی که مرزها انسانها را از هم جدا میکنند و تا زمانی که حکومت انحصار خشونت را در دست دارد، هیچ مفهومی که ضامن نابودی این سازوکارها نباشد قادر به تحقق عدالت نخواهد بود. ما با تأکید بر الغای همزمان مالکیت و حکومت، جامعهای را تصویر میکنیم که در آن منابع طبیعی و ابزار تولید در اختیار همگان بوده و تصمیمگیریها به جای نهادهای متمرکز، در شوراهای محلی و فدراسیونهای افقی انجام میگیرد. این آرمان شاید امروز دوردست به نظر برسد؛ ولی تاریخ نشان داده است که نطفههای آن همواره در مبارزات مردمی زنده است.
@RezaHoss@mas.to
بنده در بین قوم های ایرانی بودم.
جزء بیسواد ترینشون که حتی با هم قومیاشونم نمیتونن یک کشور مستقلو بسازن و سر روز اول میزنن به تیپو تار هم، همشون خودشونو ایرانی میدونن.
Russia-1 aired on May 22 a report showing an upgraded version of the Russian Gibka-S short-range air defense system operating...Anonymous1199 (South Front)
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When Sir #RichardAttenborough eventually steps down, I hope they consider passing the torch to #BillBailey. I know he's a #comedian, and I adore his humor (he's one of my favorites), but I've never heard him refer to himself as a #naturalist before (he may even be a naturist but honestly I don't want to know). Regardless, I do see him as a naturalist. I've heard him talk on QI and other shows not just about his love for animals, but also about his adventures. It would be great for #Bailey to continue #Attenborough's legacy (if he's interested).
Just a thought.
Bill Bailey retraces Alfred Russel Wallace's wild expeditions through Borneo and the Spice Islands. A journey into evolution and the jungle's untamed beauty,...YouTube
Und jetzt raten wir mal, wer als nächstes abgeschoben wird.
#Spiegel #Hamburg #NiemandHatDieAbsichtJemandenAbzuschieben.
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Show HN: HNRelevant – Add a "related" section to Hacker News
Link: github.com/imdj/HNRelevant
Discussion: news.ycombinator.com/item?id=4…
A browser extension that adds a "Related Submissions" section to Hacker News - imdj/HNRelevantGitHub
Lady MountainJay
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