I noticed while updating my system just how many packages I have installed that I don't recognize.
I tend to think that minimalism is better for security, so I'd like to remove any packages that I'm not using, but this is a bit of a scary task.
Does anybody have a safe method for reviewing and purging unused or bloat packages while obviously making sure not to accidentally remove important dependencies?
I'm on arch btw.
Or donāt, Iām not your father. The situation Sometimes, you want to get a very specific part of a command output. The classic problem is to get the IP address of an interface.Laser's cool website :)
I'm a retired Unix admin. I've been using Linux since I installed Slackware 3.1 from several boxes of 1.44MB diskettes. But, working in a corporate environment with lots of M$ Office requirements meant that my work desktop has always been Windows. I know it sounds crazy, but I was really hesitant to switch to away from Windows - I guess after 30+ years I'd developed a bit of Stockholm syndrome. But, Copilot and the looming Recall were enough to push me over the edge.
Anyway - I spent a while making sure I got all my data off OneDrive etc. and then installed Debian 12 with LXDE - my laptop is an older i7 with 16GB of RAM, but lightweight and minimal really appeals to me. Everything just worked and I was happy for a day or two. Then I started noticing video tearing - especially on my 2nd monitor. I did a bit of research and found a suggestion to enable TearFree in the X11 configuration - X wouldn't even start when I did that. So, I did some more reading and now think I understand that the lightweight window managers don't have vsync and this causes the tearing. Apparently the real solution is to use a compositing window manager (I don't understand what that means..) with OpenGL. Oh well, I can't have minimal lightweight - so, I installed KDE. It's very clean and no video tearing. I still don't have it doing power management for my monitors the way I want, but other than that - I'm very happy. It was noticeably sluggish compared to LXDE, but I'm used to that already after only a day.
It's only been a few days, but I have not regretted the switch for one second.
This is my sister's old PC and I want to bring it back to life. But it seems to struggle even on lightweight distros.
It's an HP All In One 19-2114 with following specs.
CPU: AMD E1-2500 @ 1.4GHz with integrated Radeon HD 8240
RAM: 4GB DDR3 @ 1333MHz single channel
Storage: Samsung EVO 1TB SSD
The Radeon gives me headaches as it has screen tearing on Linux and fails to boot on Haiku unless I choose fallback graphics
BunsenLabs Linux is a distribution offering a light-weight and easily customizable Openbox desktopwww.bunsenlabs.org
For games it's really great unless that game you're looking for has kernel-level anticheat. You can check ProtonDB for Steam games, Lutris for other platforms. If you prefer single-player games mostly like me, you won't have much of a problem.
For music, there are software like Ardour and LMMS. For video editing, you can check KDEnlive.
Before switching, I suggest you to try at least a couple different distros on a virtual machine, better if you have a separate laptop to try things. PopOS is great. You can also check Linux Mint, Bazzite and openSUSE Leap.
Play all your games on Linux. Lutris is an Open Source gaming platform for Linux. It installs and launches games so you can start playing without the hassle of setting up your game. Get your games from GOG, Steam, Battle.lutris.net
I'm excited you're giving Linux a try!
There are a ton of excellent ressources online for learning about Linux, how to make it your own (a practice commonly called 'ricing'), or fix errors you may encounter. These are explored further in the links below š
If you made it this far through my wall of text, I'm delighted by your curiousity.
Two Linux "introductory videos" I'd like to share are respectively from Nick@thelinuxEXP Linux isn't (just) better, it's also more FUN! and Brodie Robertson's Linux Resources Every New Linux User Needs Odysee YouTube
Linux can be overwhelming at the start so here some resources that every Linux user needs to know about if they want to understand LinuxOdysee
tldr:
What reliable, up-to-date, linux distro would you recommend a gaming softwareengineer and privacy enthusiast?
Full text:
Hey all,
I know this is the age old question, but I would like to ask it anyway.
I am currently switching from windows to linux on my main pc and am on the hunt for a fitting distro. I am a software developer and used to working with wsl, debian servers, etc. I selfhost a bunch of things and know my way around the linux commandline and would call me privacy enthusiast that uses a lot of FLOSS software. I also do occasional gaming but I guess that should work on any distro with enough work.
My thought regarding a few distros:
- I like to live on the edge of time and therefore have the feeling that debian based distros (although being very stable) are too "old" for my liking.
- Ubuntu - Canonical is out for me.
- I also looked at fedora, and liked it, but after reading more and knowing it is backed by IBM and that is US based I am not too sure anymore. I ideally would want to have something independent. Although being backed by a company promises continuous work in the future (with the risk of becoming bad).
- OpenSUSE tumbleweed seems promising (german origin!) but also quite intimidating as it is apparently mostly targeted towards power users and I am not sure if it fits an all purpose desktop pc.
- Arch based distros seem great as it contains all the newest packages and is infinitifly customizable. But the KISS nature of arch and the (as far as I understood) high effort to get everything running is a bit intimidating when switching from windows. But I also do like the fact that it ships with only the bare minimum and not anything bloated.
Further more I somehow think that using a base distro (in comparison to a fork of a fork...) is more ideal as they receive updates, etc faster. But that is just a feeling and I couldn't argue more precisely about it.
Regarding a DE I am definitely going KDE.
I would be very happy for some tips, opinions or pointers in the right direction to continue and finally get rid of windows... Well at least mostly. I guess i will keep it in dual boot as I do play a few games that unfortunately won't run on linux.
Thanks in advance already!
Doesn't seem like anyone mentioned it yet, so I'm gonna chime in: Bluefin-DX by Universalblue might be worth a look.
It's a special developer version of their already interesting and rock solid atomic distro, meaning it's not rly meant that you do much with the OS part of the filesystem (I'd recommend you read up on it, since I can't explain it that well) It has VSCode preinstalled (you can replace it with VSCodium tho with a simple command IIRC) and allows you to spin up virtually endless Linux environments where you install your additional programmes that aren't available as a Flatpak (you can still use them in the CLI, DW)
The next generation cloud-native Linux workstation, designed for reliability, performance, and sustainability.projectbluefin.io
Thousands of users wanted it, so Firefox delivered it. Tab Groups are now live to help you declutter and stay organized while browsing.Bobby Borisov (Linuxiac)
I never intended to insult you, I was merely explaining how my ADHD manifests.
I made the incorrect assumption that you were coming from a more neurotypical perspective, and for that, I sincerely apologize, but nowhere did I insult you. If you took this as an insult, again, my apologies.
Yeah, I just checked the logs with journalctl /usr/bin/Hyprland. You won't believe what it said.
``` [LOG] Hyprland PID: 7331
[LOG] Hyprland Version: 0.48.1-dev+ (git commit: feedbeef4dead)
[LOG] Built: 2025-01-27
[LOG] OS: Arch Linux (Stallman-Approved* Edition) *Approval pending code audit
[LOG] GPU: Intel Integrated Graphics (Trying its best under ideological scrutiny)
[LOG] Monitors: 1 AOC (Currently displaying philosophical paradox)
[LOG] Running on XWayland: Only for non-free blobs (shame!)
[INFO] Initializing Hyprland... Preparing for purity inspection.
[INFO] Loading config from /home/user/.config/hyprland/hyprland.conf
[INFO] wlroots: Initializing DRM backend.
[WARN] Ambient Freedom Levels detected: 98% (Dangerously high for proprietary hardware!) Source seems localized to... desk peripherals.
[WARN] Analyzing visual input field... Multiple instances of stallman_visage.jpeg detected taped to monitor bezel and desk surface.
[ERROR] Potential Purity Overflow detected! Excessive whitespace concentration in peripheral visual field identified as 'rms_white_liquid_anomaly'.
[ERROR] Specifically correlating anomaly with:
- Photo ID: RMS_Laptop_Rocks.jpg (High concentration near shirt area)
- Photo ID: RMS_Boat_Ponder.jpg (Moderate concentration, background water reflection misinterpreted?)
- Photo ID: RMS_Desk_Stare.jpg (Critical concentration, direct optical path to sensor)
[ERROR] Compositor attempting to render scene, but framebuffer contaminated with recursive 'freedom.h' includes apparently leaked from white pixel data.
[FATAL] GPU context lost. Reason Code: 0xDEADRMS (Driver unable to handle ideological load). Possible short circuit caused by concentrated freedom particles (aka 'white liquid').
[LOG] Received signal 11 (SIGSEGV) at address 0x474E554C494E5558 (ASCII: GNULINUX)
Backtrace:
#0 0x... intel_dri_bo_map() <-- Mapping failed, possibly due to freedom interference
#1 0x... CRenderer::renderScene() <-- Scene contaminated
#2 0x... CCompositor::renderFrameForMonitor() <-- Monitor displaying pure ideology now
#3 0x... main_loop() <-- Loop couldn't handle the truth
#4 0x... libc_start_main()
... (stack trace obscured by what appears to be... beard hair?)
[CRITICAL] Hyprland Crashed. SIGSEGV. Probable Cause: Exposure to concentrated doses of Richard Stallman via photographic prints. The 'white liquid' (high-intensity whitespace/purity) from the photos appears to have overloaded the rendering pipeline. Recommend shielding hardware or using less ideologically charged desk decorations.```
Wanted to share an anecdote (I hope that's OK). I jumped to Linux on my gaming pc last August (Bazzite) and I've been having a blast. Almost everything works either out of the box or with a minor tweak (the tweak being updating Proton). But I am the sole linux user in my D&D/gaming group, so obviously this is the source of some of our banter.
Last night, we decided to play some Valheim. Bought it before switching to Linux and never tried it, so steam had to install some compatibilty stuff. But once everything was installed, it too worked like a charm (surprise surprise). We were having fun, sailing around on our ~~crappy raft~~ mighty longship and striking a nice pose while doing so. I decided to take a screenshot, but didn't know if there was a keybind to disable the HUD, so I asked the two more experienced Valheimers with whom I was playing. Neither of them knew it by heart, but one of them looked it up. He said: "It should be Ctrl + F3". I tried it and it didn't work for me, but it did for him. "Wow, imagine playing on linux where nothing works" our other friend chimed in (jokely, don't worry). Our first, more helpful friend said: "Maybe try Ctrl + Alt + F3?" So I did. Then, my whole computer froze, just as we landed on the edge of a dark forest with our raft. I thought: Oh fuck what did I do this time. Pressing again didn't help, but after about 20/30 seconds, I was greeted with a shell login. Now I could hear my friends and the game in the background again, and they could hear me, but all I saw was a shell. I decided to log in, and still only got a shell. So, as my friends were frantically fighting a skeleton, I was searching for what on earth happened, and, more importantly, how to fix it.
Thankfully, I wasn't the first idiot to start pressing random buttons on their Linux system, and someone had this exact issue years back as well. I had a quick read, and learned that apparently the Ctrl + Alt + Fx buttons switch between virtual terminals. The post on the Ubuntu forums mentioned needing to switch to terminal 7 (Ctrl + Alt + F7), which also didn't work. But trying the other buttons, I found that the desktop environment is on terminal 2 (at least on Bazzite/Fedora).
And the funny thing here is that, even though I was essentially gone for a full minute, maybe a minute and a half, my character was fine, my Linux naysayer friend had died to a skeleton, and I had learned something new about our great OS š
It is possible that you are running the windows version. You can find out in properties of the game. If the 'force compatability tool' is checked, under compatability, it will download the windowns version and run it through compatability layers. Otherwise you might have just seen the dialog about precompiling shaders.
Worth noting that sometimes developers make a linux version of their game, but neglects maintaining it. In those cases it is preferable to just run the windows version with comp layers. I think the linux native valheim version is alright though. Good devs.
I've had a VPN running on my server via Wireguard for ages with no issues. A couple of weeks ago I finally got round to setting up Tailscale so I could access it remotely and again it worked fine without any issues. I rebooted my server this morning and while I was out I realised I could no longer access it, once I got home I discovered everything else was working fine it was just inaccessible over Tailscale.
After some troubleshooting I've come to the conclusion that if Tailscale starts first the other VPN's routing entries take priority and Tailscale doesn't work. If Tailscale starts second then it seems to work fine. As far as I can tell I have a few options for fixing this but I'm not sure what would be the most recommended. The simplest solution is probably just to disable Tailscale from autostarting and start it manually, however I'm likely to forget that at some point and will probably only notice when I'm out and can't access the server to start it.
If I add the following to the Wireguard config file this solves the issue: PostUp = ip route add 100.64.0.0/10 dev tailscale0
PostDown = ip route del 100.64.0.0/10 dev tailscale0
However in that case if the other VPN tries to start first it just fails as the tailscale0 interface doesn't exist yet, so all I've done is reverse the order I need them to start.
I could also edit the wireguard or tailscale service files with before or after targets, that would be fairly simple to do but I think its not recommended to manually edit package provided service files? The tailscale one specifically says its meant to be read only.
The final option I can think of is to disable the tailscale service on startup and then create a systemd timer to start the tailscale service with a slight delay after boot. I think this may be the best method as I can't see any downsides, but maybe I'm overlooking something?
cross-posted from: lemmy.world/post/28913113
although it's just macros on steroids, it's possible to mimic linux terminal & command
Hello, my friends! Let's hit 20K likes? Check out my website! https://enderman.chToday I am going to show you how I ran Linux in Microsoft Excel. The VBA syn...YouTube
Hey everyone!
I just bought a Lenovo Yoga L13 Gen2 and I am greatly disappointed, after installing Arch on it it's overheating a lot even when I only have Firefox open. During my research buying this laptop I also made the mistake of not checking if the RAM can be upgraded and now I'm stuck with 8 GB of soldered on, non-upgradable RAM.
Anyways this is why I'm turning to you, I spent hours upon hours researching trying to find the perfect laptop to buy before settling on this one, and since the result was so catastrophic I figured why not ask around in the community a bit.
I was only going to buy a used model since my budget isn't that big. The laptop is intended for browsing and some (Java) coding, so it doesn't need to be extremely powerful. The main use case is for a small laptop that I can use on my lap on the couch or in my recliner to browse or do some coding while using (Arch) Linux.
My MUST have requirements are:
- 13 inch screen (max 14 inch)
- Touchscreen with at least Full HD (1920x1080) resolution
- Good/ perfect (Arch) Linux support
- Good cooling/ doesn't get super hot
Ideally the following requirements should also be met:
- Touchpad buttons with dedicated middle-mouse-button
- Backlit Keyboard
- Bright screen
- Upgradble RAM or alternatively 16 GB RAM version available
I intend to spend around 300ā¬ max used, for reference I paid 190ā¬ for the L13 Gen2 with 94% battery health.
I would prefer a laptop that isn't older than 8th/9th Gen Intel and equivalent AMD. I would be open to models with Intel and AMD chips.
I am so grateful for anyone who sees this post and comes up with some suggestions, after hours upon hours of research I am a bit exhausted and desperate for some community suggestions.
Have an awesome day everybody! š
For context, I just installed Fedora Workstation and I am dual-booting alongside Windows.
For some strange reason, download speeds are hovering around 200 KB/s, and sometimes randomly dropping to below 70KB/s. This occurs when I boot into either Windows or Fedora. Before installing Fedora, my speeds were usually >50MB/s, sometimes a couple hundred MB/s if the network isnāt very busy. This might be an issue with network drivers being weird since Iām dual booting, or maybe I need to manually install drivers for Fedora.
(for comparison my phone, using the same network, has >100MB/s download speeds)
EDIT: Iāve updated to Fedora 42 and network speeds are now in the MB/s again. Not sure what happened. Now it seems that when I install from āflatpak-1ā rather than just āflatpakā speeds are great. Also, dnf install has good speeds now.
Here's my testing recommendations
To get consistant results, use a consistent method of test. If you're downloading a large file, always test by downloading that same file from that same source. If you're using a speed test service, use the same speed test service with the same server. If you're using a tool like iperf3, always use the same tool against the same iperf server.
Networks can fail from hardware issues, software issues and infrastructure issues. Since you don't control 99.9% of the infrastructure if the internet is involved, lets leave that for the last option.
The hardware involved you control are mostly your NIC, and your Remote Connection. For wired ethernet at home, this is likely a physical ethernet port on your computer on one end, and another physical ethernet port on a switch/router/ap provided by your ISP.
With these three you can figure out what device is causing the problem.
The hardware involved is the wireless NIC in your computer, the environment your wifi signal is in, and the wifi AP. The steps are much the same as testing for a wired issue
The issue could be software related. Something like the drivers running on your laptop or connection point.
You've already done this for your computer by dual booting. This proves the issue is not driver related, since the problem persists with two different sets of drivers.
Your network settings could be misconfigured.
If your home network is more sophisticated then an ISP provded router/switch/ap combo connected to everything over wifi and ethernet, theres more devices to troubleshoot. But if you have something like this, you probably already know what you're doing a little bit and wouldn't be making this post. But who knows! Re-run the process isolating each device and replacing it with something known good to identify whats causing the problem.
As for the internet, it's not a stable and safe place. Speeds vary drastically day to day. Internet weather happens and partial outages occur regularly. Don't forget that the service your using to speed test could be the issue itself. It's another component to isolate and test.
Use the above steps to identify what device is causing the problem, and if its a hardware or software issue. Hardware issues are mostly resolved by replacing devices, while software issues are resolved with software updates and configuration changes.
Good luck and god speed!
I don't know how long or well it'll work, but so far I was able to evade the initial "no URL shortener" Reddit filtering with it.
But for reasons I ended up paying for a month of a Pro plan on a URL shortening service to only find out I didn't need to for what I needed, so now I've got a limit of like 1k links on a custom domain LMAO
So if it'll help, DM me a comm you want a "cloaked" link to to spread around on Reddit and I'll send you a link on a custom fresh domain you can throw around
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There's definitely something going on. Whenever I add a Lemmy instance URL that isn't obfuscated somehow, like replacing the periods with commas or (dot), then my comment gets no likes or responses, whereas a very similar comment in the same thread without a link does.
It seems to down rank it in the algorithim, if not outright shadow remove them.
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Flatpak has served us well for 10 years and succeeded in establishing a direct distribution model for app developers, independent of the underlying platform....YouTube
Don't believe so, best that's currently available is skimming through the video to look at the slides.
Here's my short summary of the presentation, I tried to denote what's being worked on (open PR), what's kinda being done (WIP), and things stuff they'd like to be done in the future (wishlist). May be somewhat wrong.
* Flatpak is stagnant
* Red Hat is working on a better way to preinstall flatpak apps (open PR)
* Flatpak should is slowly moving towards OCI and away from ostree (more tooling available, don't need to maintain their own tools)
* Better permission handling that is more backwards compatible (open PR)
* Should directly use Pipewire instead of Pulseaudio (WIP)
* Allow user namespaces in flatpak sandbox (WIP)
* Move dbus proxying into dbus brokers (wishlist)
* Improve network sandboxing (wishlist)
* Improve drivers handling, currently drivers need to be built for each runtime, could cause issues if using EOL app on new hardware (wishlist)
* Work on portals directly improves flatpak
Should directly use Pipewire instead of Pulseaudio
I hope they plan on keeping pulse for the foreseeable future. Pipewire is great and all but pulse is very entrenched, I still maintain quite a bit of systems that are pulse only.
Haven't seen the video, I'm only commenting based on the summary in the comments.
It's good that flatpak is switching to OCI containers. Hopefully that will end the flatpak's dependency hell. This week I was looking at flatpak as a way to publish my app and found the user experience (user is the app publisher in this context) quite bad. Could be skill issue obviously.
I thought I could just look into a database of flatpak runtimes, pick the one with the software I need, add additional packages and be done with it. Unfortunately it is not that simple.
First of all as far as I know, there is no "database" like archlinux.org/packages. You have to download the runtime and then search /usr/include/ or /usr/bin/ to check if particular piece of software exists in it.
Adding additional packages is also quite difficult. There are these runtime extensions which are like "baby runtimes" for special software like ffmpeg, java, etc. They kinda suffer from issues similar to the issues of the runtimes. And unlike in regular distros where you can get a package for almost anything, here you don't have the luxury and have to bundle that not so popular dependency.
I hope that with OCI I will be able to just provide the binary, a link to the base image and a list of dependencies to install and be done with it.
anonymiss reshared this.
I go to a programming school, where there were computers running ancient windows 8 and some were on windows 10, they ran really slow and were completely unrelaible when doing the tasks that are required, those computers in question had either i5-4750 (I think?) or i7-4970 so running windows 10 with all its bloat was not going to be an easy task for em, so long story short I decided to talk to the principal about it explaining why linux is so much better than windows and gave him reasons why linux will be better for us for education and he agreed after considering it for a bit, he let me know that some students play roblox or minecraft in middle of the lesson and he asks if linux would stop em from doing that, I stated that as long as they dont know how to work with wine/lutris or know any specific linux packages that run windows games on linux they should not be able to play in the middle of lessons.
he gave me the green light to do it, so I spent like 3 days migrating like 20+ computers to linux (since I had to set them up and install some required applications for them)
in the last day where I was doing a last check up on the PCs to make sure they are in working order, there was a computer having a problem of which where it didnt boot, I let the principal know about this to get permission to work on it, he said yes, so after some troubleshooting I realized the boot order was all screwed, so since Ive worked with arch before I knew how to fix it, I booted up linux mint live image, chrooted, and fixed the boot order and computer went back to life, prinicipal came in checked on everything to make sure everything works, told me to wait for a bit, and then came back and paid me for his troubles (was a bit of a surprised since I expected nothing of the sort), the next day I came to school, sat down, turned PC on, noticed something was in the trash bin, opened it, found "robloxinstall.exe" on it, told the principal about it, he was pleased with it, so now 2 weeks later he seems now to be confident about linux, as he told me there is another class he is considering to move to linux.
so my question here would be: does this mean linux now is ready for the education sector?
(considering now, that I got a win win situation, I get to use an OS that I like in school, students gets to focus on the lessons instead of slacking.)
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How would I check that?
Edit: actually, Lemme just rtfm
I'm thinking of switching to Linux as my daily driver after trying it out both Fedora Workstation and KDE using Live USB, but I'm wondering if I should consider other distros besides Fedora. I've heard of openSUSE, is that decent? Not many people really mention them. Linux Mint is great, but I don't like Cinnamon all too much.
What's a good desktop-agnostic distro that lets you easily swap between the two?
edit: Woah, it seems that you're able to swap between DEs from the login manager as long as you install both. Okay then, new question, for a beginner friendly distro, should I go for Fedora, OpenSUSE, or something else?
edit 2: a bit more information about my device and my preferences...
On KDE Plasma vs GNOME, I would like to try both out and see which I like better long-term. KDE Plasma seems a bit more familiar (closer to Windows 10) whereas GNOME is a bit more different but I'm open to using either.
I'm running a laptop with an Intel i7-1360P. It's one of those 2-in-1 convertible 360 degree hinge laptops.
I would say I'm open to learning how to work with the terminal and customising the distro a bit, but I don't want to do anything too out of my scope. I don't want to spend too many hours setting it up, I'd rather have something that works mostly out of the box š
I want a stable distro as in I don't want to break my system after an update, but still want something up-to-date though. I'm open to rolling release distros, but to my knowledge those are usually less stable with more breaking changes than fixed release options.
edit 3: just installed Fedora Workstation and it works really well! Multi-touch with my trackpad works fine and everything runs smooth. File read/write speeds were also strangely a bit more consistent (on Windows it jumps between <100KB/s and 60MB/s whereas on Fedora itās consistently around or over 45MB/sā¦weirdā¦)
My only issue right now is that the touchscreen doesnāt work anymore, how do I install the drivers for that?
edit 4:
Touchscreen and even rotating the screen when the device works now after an update :DDDDD
now Iām slowly installing my programs againā¦
I want a more stable distro, so I'm not considering the rolling release options (like manjaro and EndeavourOS). I've also heard that not many people like Ubuntu because of snaps, why is that?
edit: are rolling release distros stable enough (e.g. will it randomly crash/have weird issues?) and is it possible/easy to roll back to a previous version if there's a breaking update
Iāve also heard that not many people like Ubuntu because of snaps, why is that?
Well, people don't like snaps for a number of reasons, because they are forced on users, bloated and slow, Canonicals themselves are quite shady, systemd, etc.
I would rather use several different types of packages than trust one that is tied to a shady company.
The GenP subreddit got banned on Reddit. We can only take a guess as to why(I seriously don't know, please let me know if you do).
But regardless, it brings up a serious question. How will big corpos and nations force their control on lemmy and other fediverse communities?
Places like reddit, twitter, instagram and even "fediverse" bluesky cave to demands from corporates and countries all the time. But what happens when the real fediverse platforms get attention?
How will they ban, sabotage and coerce instances and communities to cave into demands?
I know lemmy and other fediverse platforms are still very small right now, but I believe it's only time before the sabotage begins. Instagram stepping into the territory tells you how scared zuck already is.
And How will we get around this?
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Which notebooks are recommendable when coming from Apple Silicon-MacBooks in terms of runtime and efficiency, preferrably for Fedora or Manjaro with KDE Plasma? For now, I am looking towards Lenovo T14(s) or X1 Carbon - mixed use scenario including simple media (photos, cutting 1080p-videos, media management, Office & mail) stuff? Still love the "Lenovo"-brand and its keyboard and look 'n feel so this vendor would be my favourite.
Can anyone of you here recommend Snapdragon-devices yet which would be the best comparison as it's also architecture based on ARM? Both Fedora and Manjaro have ARM-builds so I hope that the Snapdragon-devices could get along with my desires here...
Thanks for any input!
In the media: TUXEDO prototype with ARM chipset from Qualcomm: TUXEDO Computers is working on an innovative ARM notebook with the new Snapdragon X Elite SoC from Qualcomm.www.tuxedocomputers.com
Um. No on Tuxedo.
The work Tuxedo is doing is on drivers for their own hardware. It has nothing to do with core Snapdragon SoC support and will do little to help other vendors. The delay has more to do with their internal priorities than anything else.
Core X Elite support has been coming into the kernel since 6.8. Support for your hardware depends on the availability of a device tree. Probably the easiest road right now is Ubuntu:
discourse.ubuntu.com/t/ubuntu-ā¦
The best supported hardware seems to be the Thinkpad T14s at this point. I am not sure where things are with Ubuntu 25.04. I would expect an update from Ubuntu soon.
Here is a more detailed account of support on a Yoga Slim and a screenshot of Chimera Linux running on HP OmniBook. So, Ubuntu is not the only option but it is likely the smoothest sailing.
wezm.net/v2/posts/2024/linux-oā¦
It is early days for X Elite on Linux for sure. The same can be said for Apple Silicon of course.
[edit: it seems that Ubuntu 25.04 works out-of-the-box on X Elite:
discourse.ubuntu.com/t/ubuntu-ā¦
Get it here:
cdimage.ubuntu.com/daily-live/ā¦
]
We are happy to announce the next iteration of our Ubuntu concept image for Qualcomm Snapdragon laptops with our new X Elite developer preview. This new image has been rebased on the latest Ubuntu 24.Ubuntu Community Hub
Believe this is one of the few vendors left making and distributing Linux magazines still(?). Would be interesting to hear what peoples feedback on these are, whether its this one or another. Seems like a fun monthly delivery to get!
Source;
magazinesdirect.com/az-single-ā¦
Buy a Linux Format Single Issue directly from MagazinesDirectwww.magazinesdirect.com
I loved Linux Voice back when it was still published. They had a series of articles on writing your own kernel in x86_64 ASM that I followed and ran on QEMU back when I was a philosophy student. It really cemented my interest in tech and now I do that for a living.
Edit: Linux Voice folded into Linux Format sometime around 10+ years ago
Latest maintenance release brings improved stability and fixes to the powerful free office suite Berlin, 30 April 2025 ā The Document Foundation is pleased to announce the release of LibreOffice 25.2.Italo Vignoli (The Document Foundation)
Nextcloud can embed Collabora Code (essentially Libreoffice) so you can open all your documents in Nextcloud in the browser and edit them together with multiple people.
Works pretty well.
@cy_narrator@discuss.tchncs.de
Collabora Online Development Edition CODE is the development version of Collabora Online. It is perfect for testing, home use or small teams, but not recommended for production environments.Collabora Online and Collabora Office
Graphical user interface for managing your Linux applications. Supports AppImage, Debian and Arch packages (including AUR), Flatpak, Snap and native Web applications - vinifmor/bauhGitHub
Just realised this, most mastodon users who have had experience with groups think they are just bots that auto-boost any posts they are mentioned in.
This is kinda annoying me.
like this
watty doesn't like this.
Hashtags are designed for anyone to post to, with no control over who can post to it.
Communities can be moderated, often have rules and an actual community/culture behind them.
like this
Communities can be moderated
Good point.
Does moderation action fediverse well from Lemmy to the twittoverse?
Any interest in this:
LJL is a job creation language that takes a job file, gathers items mentioned in its various lines and here-documents, and generates a runnable .deck file (short for "deck of cards").
The .deck file is a complex Bash script that creates a log spool and several temporary files in /tmp/. It automatically cleans up scratchable files after the run. The log file contains the output of each step, including any program results.
Any questions about it? Any suggestions?
Hey !
I bought a game on steam, but I cannot install it on lutris as it's not even listed...
It's a windows only game. Is there a way to play it? Am I doing something wrong?
The game is Wednesdays : store.steampowered.com/app/274ā¦
Thanks!
"The hardest part is not to speak up. Itās being heard." Part video game, part graphic novel, Wednesdays seeks to raise awareness about child sexual abuse through a surprisingly hope-filled story.store.steampowered.com
cross-posted from: lemmy.world/post/28921393
It may be too much to ask but here it goes:I have temporarily installed LMDE6 on an HDD where I had a bit of free space, worked with it, experienced Steam with Proton and now I am convinced: I want to move to Linux from Windows for good.
Have another disk, an SSD in which most of the space is taken up by the Windows C: partition.
Would like to move Linux there after shrinking the Windows partition a bit more than what it currently occupies now.
I have tried to do this with Paragon on Windows, but after restarting no change can be seen, despite no error being presented.
Tried from Linux with GParted but all attempts end up with an error when running ntfsresize.
So
1. What do I use to do this and how do I do it safely?
2.How do I move the content of my current Linux partition (less than 50 GBs) to that disk keeping the bootloader and everything else working? And what filesystem is best to use?Thank you in advance for your help!
Others have pointed out what may he going wrong (drive locked due to Windows fast startup).
A slightly different tack - dual booting windows and linux on the same drive is a bad idea. One reason is the messy boot set up which can cause issues with windows not booting or linux not booting, or either/both fighting over the boot partition. It can get to the point of using repair disks to repair one or the other or both. It can be managed but make a mistake and its a real headache to fix (I say that as someone who has been their and done that and learned the lesson)
If you want to switch to linux but keep windows "just in case" and have a desktop I'd get a new SSD and use it as a dedicated linux drive. SATA or even better an m.2 card if your motherboard has the slots.
A separate drive is far better as linux can be the drive booted by the BIOS and then Grub can then point back to your untouched windows drive to boot it when you want. If linux updates it won't affect windows, and if windows updates it won't affect linux. Also if you have a drive failure you won't lose 2 OSes and all data in one go.
Personally I have 5 drives in my PC - easy expansion of storage is a big benefit to a nice full size PC. I have one largely unused windows drive, and 4 ext4 drives.
I do have 2 M.2 slots available.
Is there any hardware specification I should be pay attention to when buying for exclusive Linux use?
If I was to install one more home partition from the LMDE installation USB, would it automatically fix things for me in Grub or would I have to fix things myself before or after?
If I was to install one more home partition from the LMDE installation USB, would it automatically fix things for me in Grub or would I have to fix things myself before or after?
If I understand you right, you want to install two additional SSDs, one for Linux root (system), probably ext4 formatted, and one 'home' for your personal data?
If that's the case, the boot loader GRUB is going to be installed onto the system SSD and will usually automatically detect the Windows boot loader on your current, Windows only, hard drive. If it didn't, you need to toggle an option in GRUB's configuration file and run update-grub again.
For your home-partiotion on the other SSD, there exist two options:
1. The home partition is Linux exclusive, probably ext4 formatted (this doesn't work with NTFS), and all your data will be stored there. Yet, afaIk, you need to install an ext4 driver in Windows to access the data when you're on Windows.
Documents, Downloads, Pictures,... ) are mounted one by one using bind in /etc/fstab to their Linux counterpart.Edit: I've forgot to mention that, first I created folders named Documents, Downloads,... on the new partition before being able to mount them in Linux.
After copying the data in Windows from the old folders to the new ones, the old folders can be deleted and replaced by hardlinks to their new counterparts using the Windows command line or PowerShell.
Just a possibility: Check if the m2 slot is for disk. There are many boards where there are WiFi exclusive m2 ports. For disks there are also m2 sata and m2 nvme port variations. You need to find out what yours are. Consult your motherboards technical documentation if in doubt. If the BIOS can boot from it, Linux can too.
Edit: that beeing said I never encountered problems with a similar setup ( I boot from Linux on nvme m2 then there is a combined windows /data disk)
Hello
After about a year working on Fediforge, I have finally launched it. Fediforge provides managed hosting for lemmy and there will be added support for other fediverse platforms(Such as Mastodon, Peertube and more) in the future.
A little info on the setup of Fediforge.
- Hosted on servers from OVH + Colocrossing and are located in east USA(Around chicago)
- Automated backups of database with 10 days retention
- Replicated s3 storage for media files
- Active monitoring of all instances hosted.
Let me know, if you have any issues, ideas or feedback(and optionally add it here).
like this
Hi, folks! š
I want to create a local ip address for my virtual machine. I use virt-manager + QEMU. So, as I got it - I need to create a bridge for doing this. But... When I'm trying to connect a created bridge to a virtual machine:
Then trying to start a virtual machine, I gets this error:
ŠŃŠøŠ±ŠŗŠ° Š·Š°ŠæŃŃŠŗŠ° Š“Š¾Š¼ŠµŠ½Š°: /usr/lib/qemu/qemu-bridge-helper --use-vnet --br=br0 --fd=32: failed to communicate with bridge helper: stderr=failed to create tun device: Operation not permitted
: Transport endpoint is not connected
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/asyncjob.py", line 72, in cb_wrapper
callback(asyncjob, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/asyncjob.py", line 108, in tmpcb
callback(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/object/libvirtobject.py", line 57, in newfn
ret = fn(self, *args, **kwargs)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/object/domain.py", line 1402, in startup
self._backend.create()
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/libvirt.py", line 1373, in create
raise libvirtError('virDomainCreate() failed')
libvirt.libvirtError: /usr/lib/qemu/qemu-bridge-helper --use-vnet --br=br0 --fd=32: failed to communicate with bridge helper: stderr=failed to create tun device: Operation not permitted
: Transport endpoint is not connectedI use MX Linux operating system for the host machine.
So, what do I do wrong, and how can I fix this problem? š¤
I checked the groups of my user, and my user is already in the netdev group š¤
Maybe I need to add it to another group?
Thanks so much! š I finally solved my problem š
First step that I've do - I found this article š **mike632t.wordpress.com/2021/04ā¦ and doing all from there.
The next step - I've add a bridge to an existing network interface:
sudo brctl addif br0 eth0
And the next step - I've started up this bridge:
sudo ip link set br0 up
And now everything works fine š
After configuring the network with a bridged interface that would support network connections from both āsimhā and āqemuā I ran into a separate problem when trying to createā¦Notes on Linux
Let me apologize first. I'm both old and new to Linux and have made a ton of noob moves since switching back. I know most people in this community are probably already Linux users, but I'm hoping that some Linux-curious people will stumble upon this.
Lets start with the game. I am a former League of Legends addict. Embarrassing, I know, but I had been playing since the glory days (I started right at the beginning of season 2). I never ranked; I would play ARAM and URF to either pass time or keep myself awake if I felt drowsy. I was good, too. Not great, but more often than not I'd go 16/2/12 or something similar. It released massive amounts of dopamine for me. The ARAM bridge felt like a home away from home.
Moving on from League... I had been starting to smell Microsoft's shit from a long loooong ways away. Like, Win7 days (rest in peace, XP). I had been introduced to Linux and the basics of maintaining Linux from a class I took in high school. Lets be honest, though, Linux wasn't really in a gaming state then. You could, but you would be jumping through a lot of hoops for a 50/50 chance it would be stable gameplay. Honestly, though, Microsoft's stink flows much further back than you'd think and it was already grating on me then. I was already considering the move.
I sat on Win10 for a while and even opened my PC to the Win11 beta. It was okay, I didn't auto-hate it like most because a lot of the Windows UI I used was third party and I changed theme colors through the registry. There were ways to remove bloat and most Microsoft snooping garb, but it took work. Thinking I knew what I was doing, I messed with the system32 folder. If this were the Win7 days, I probably would have known what I was doing. I simply wanted to change the internal image viewer to a 3rd party viewer. Microsoft gave default selections for a lot of things, but changing photo gallery was a fight for some reason.
Needless to say, I messed up. No default apps would open anymore. Couldn't even get calculator running. So I reinstalled. Back then, you still had to use Win10 and update to 11. I reinstalled, saw my windows old folder, knew everything was safe, and updated. Huge mistake. Win11 was not just an update, even if you start it from the update panel. It's a full OS install. My ignorant self thought it was just a Win10 glow up. My windows old folder got overwritten by an empty windows old folder.
After a whole day of recovery process I probably recovered 99% of my files, but my time with Windows was quickly closing. My friend pointed out that this was a good time to try Linux. Steam Deck had just launched and Linux was gaining ground in the gaming scene and FAST. So I backed everything up to external (which I should have done earlier, smfh) and grabbed the most likely candidate, Pop!_OS. Soon after, at my friend's pestering, I switched to Arch- Manjaro- and then later EndeavourOS.
I messed up EndeavourOS by using topgrade. It didn't occur to me that it was user error, and I just thought it was something EOS didn't rub shoulders well with in my system. So back to Manjaro. Then D4 came out. Another shame of mine. I'm a huge Diablo 2 fan and played my fair share of D3. I got the early access. Couldn't play. Panicking, I reinstalled Windows 11... just to find that the game was pure garbage. I played for a bit, hoping things would improve but.... Blizzard got me again. But I was not moving back. I had moved so much already. Funny thing is: Proton came out with an update not even 24 hours later that fixed D4... Doh.
During my second time on Win11, Riot pushed out their knuckleheaded kernel-level anticheat. I wasn't worried, I was on Win11, w/e. Then Microsoft dropped some big shits on Windows. Snapshots of your screens ("it'll be held in a private encrypted partition of you drive!", yeah fucking right... pull the other one), ads in the start bar, and then pushy af popups to integrate your system with their AI. I was insulted. Win11 was already one giant piece of malicious software even before all this. Granted, I used startallback so I didn't get the ads, but it was the idea of the thing.
So I did it. I dropped League and moved to base Arch. I will not let Microsoft have even 100gb of my drive now. I make do by playing other games, being actually productive in life, or diving into something new within Linux. I grew up. I said no. PC owners should be banding together and dropping Windows right into the garbage. Screw their proprietary plugins, screw their insecure kernel access, screw their ads and data-harvesting AI, and screw their sneaky photos of my screen. I knew when they backpedaled on that screenshot shit that they'd push it more quietly later. I told everyone that they would. And they did.
Dive into VSCodium, or Neovim, or VIM, or emacs. Explore open source and, like me, find that most apps are pleasantly better than their commercial counterparts. Play with your terminal. Wreck things and reinstall (just hard copy everything to external first). Lets make ODF industry standard, like it should have been before Microsoft outbid and muscled docx in. It may take ten, twenty, fifty years but fuck it. I'm all in and my bet is on Linux. My next big project for my next PC build? Gentoo (I am not quite ready for Linux from Scatch, lmao). Its time I actually learned more. I've already dived deep into the Arch Wiki and I've already dived into NixOS and nixlang. We need to go deeper now.
Linux is easier than ever now. Experiment with it! Scared to fully make the move? Grab a small SSD to test it out safely! Just... know what you're doing with partitions before you do. Either that or take your main SSD out before installing. However, most Linux distros let you use them right from the USB stick to check them out. Just ignore the installer and play around a bit. Remember that USB is going to be substantially slower, so don't make your decision off of speed. You'd be surprised at how much faster Linux can be.
tl;dr: Switch to Linux and stop giving out your data for free. Ad analytics should be a choice, and one you're paid to do. Your information is incredibly valuable and so is your privacy. If you pay for a product, that company should NOT be triple dipping and making more money off of you, no matter how non-invasive it is. Its all invasive, even if its hidden.
PS: I won't mention mac here. I really have no experience in iOS or macOS. Apple garden is Apple garden and that's about all I know. Microsoft and I go way back (Windows 3.14), and I've watched them slowly and then quickly corrupt over time. Like a turd rolling downhill and collecting garbage.
gitlab.com/christosangel/sausaā¦
sausage is a terminal word forming game, written in Bash.
This game was inspired by en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bookwormā¦.
The aim is to score points by creating words, moving around in six directions in the grid, using consecutive letters.
When the user created longer words, coloured letters appear. The user can score more points by using these coloured letters.
More points can also be scored, when the user manages to create the bonus words.
When smaller words are created, or low point yielding words, red letters appear in the grid. If not used, these red letters will drop one cell in every turn.
When a red letter reaches beyond the bottom of the grid, the game is over.
The user can also reshuffle the letters in the grid, in order to be able to create words. However, there is a price to this action: the existing red letters will drop one cell, all other bonus coloured letters will be lost, and more red letters will appear.
If the score is among the 10 best scores achieved, it makes it in the Top Ten Highscores.
Sausage is a terminal word forming game, written in Bash, inspired by Bookworm.GitLab
You mentioned ham radio --- definitely fun! It's a process to get into it though, as you need to study/pass an exam, and then you need a radio. Radios range from cheap ($25 or so) in the VHF/UHF ("walkie talkie"-style) to more expensive for an HF rig ($1000 range for 100W HF). If you want to get into low power ("QRP") it can be much cheaper. You also need a fair amount of space for a good antenna setup...
There are tons of different communication modes, some without a computer and, like you mentioned, some that use computers. wsjtx and fldigi are popular programs.
Good luck!
So... I've done that May 2023 for a holiday trip.
I left with my RPi4 and fee gadgets but no Internet.
There I built git.benetou.fr/utopiah/offlineā¦ and my main take away is
and more importantly the meta take away is
because just like first aid you need to be actually ready when needed and knowledge change over time. You need to actually try though, test your setup and yourself genuinely otherwise it is intelectual masturbation.
Have fun!
Currently running Nobara 41, and if Firefox is playing a video, or even just has a paused video on it, my computer will not go to sleep until I exit Firefox entirely. If I try to shut down instead, it will seemingly close all open apps, and the displays will go black but the mouse cursor remains on screen and does not respond.
If I start Firefox from the CLI, it shows nothing when I try to suspend.
This only happens with Firefox, and as far as I can tell, doesn't happen when playing a video elsewhere.
I don't have any power savings settings that I'm aware of that should be preventing anything, so I don't know what's going on. This is a recent issue, starting maybe 2 weeks ago. I haven't installed any new software besides updates in that time.
Does anybody have any idea what is going on here?
I had this issue on my desktop in Windows. Haven't tested to see if it's an issue on Linux (I just recently set up dual-booting with Kubuntu). I know your request is for Nobara but this may be helpful for troubleshooting.
The fix for me on Windows was always to power off my audio interface. Using powercfg /requests would show Firefox kept the audio device active once a YouTube video started playing. The software fix was arbitrary... sometimes closing the YouTube tab would work, sometimes I had to close the window, and sometimes none of those would work. What *always" worked was physically powering off my interface, waiting about 2 seconds, and turning it back on.
Gives you a bollywood experience right into your terminal, with more than 1000 ips simulated! An INFINITE amount of simulated names! Over 100 different types of glitches! An overly dramatic hack, just like seen in the movies! And more (If you -REALLY- have a lot of time to spend staring at this command.)
Click here to grab the C code, followed by instructions on how to compile it.
Hello, im trying to install mint to try getting away from Microsoft, but im running into issues installing, and all my troubleshooting is making me even more confused (I am not very techy)
I have windows installed on my nvme drive, and a 30gb section partitioned off for mint. I also have an empty ssd for more storage (/home). When I go through the installation process, it doesn't recognize another operating system on the computer, and when I try "something else" to install it, I get an error saying "no EFI system partition was found".
I know I can partition off a small section for the EFI partition, but I am trying to dual boot and I assume this is not the right way to do it, especially considering it doesn't recognize that windows is on the system. I'm also very hesitant to just send it, as I don't want to lose any of my stuff (the most important stuff is backed up)
Edit: I'm trying to install mint 22.1, but almost all of the resources online are talking about 21
Edit 2: I have learned my BIOS mode is legacy, not UEIF (i assumed it was since my bios screen says UEIF when booting)
Edit 3: got it working!
Edit: I just realised your Edit was saying you've got legacy bios! So this is all irrelevant. I'll leave it up in case it helps someone else.
Could it be selecting the wrong SSD to put the boot loader on?
When I reinstalled mint the other day on my laptop with an nvme and SSD (also dual boot) it labelled the extra SSD as sda and the original nvme as sdb, so it was going to try to put the bootloader on sda.
I set up the partitions on the third option (1. Install alongside windows; 2. Wipe everything; 3. Set it up manually) and on the manual setup there's a selector for the bootloader device just underneath the main section where you select partitions to use for /, /home, etc.
IIRC you set the bootloader to the full device (in my case sdb) not the EFI partition (sdb1) and it works out out.
Wrapping up COSMICās main features before the first beta release.System76 Blog
Very excited about this.
Recently discovered GNOME and loved the workflow, and now I find out Cosmic improves upon it with a more modern programming language behind it, which is native to Wayland.
I'm not much of an Alpha tester, but ill be following the progress of the project closely.
like this
don't like this
That's what I wrote. Lemmy is a software, which can be ran on servers. You're currently on somebody else's server. In a group that is moderated by yet different people.... They gave some rules to you and you now have to choose whether you're willing to play by their rules.
Obviously, they haven't banned you yet, despite you saying lots of unproductive, short sentences. I'm not sure if your original question got answered here. If you're more interested in the details of how Lemmy works, read for example the documentation and Wikipedia article.
like this
I switched to a Linux Mint/Win11 dual boot system over the weekend and installed Unity from Flathub. Running Unity Hub is fine but when I try to login, it hangs with no errors. I can log into the asset store just fine, so nothing wrong with the credentials. I'd like to know what terminal commands I could use to see what it's actually doing and figure out why it hangs.
I really don't want to continue using it in Windows and only keep it to run work programs, and really need to use Unity for University.
Edit: Troubleshooted via the terminal, then uninstalled the .Deb package that I downloaded from the Unity website and then followed another tutorial from another part of their website with terminal commands. Managed to log in and run my projects.
are you on a distro that uses an LTS version of ~~firefox~~ Ubuntu as a base?
if so, try installing Firefox ESR
i think unity expects the newest version of ff to be installed and bugs out otherwise
Hello fellow lemmings
I am a long-time i3 user and have decided to switch to Sway.
I have encountered a weird error which has left me utterly bamboozled.
I am using Ubuntu 24.04 which has gone from 20.04 -> 22.04 -> 24.04.
It has Ubuntu-Gnome, i3 and Sway currently installed.
The error that I'm facing is when I'm using Sway, I simply don't have sudo access.
This is what the error looks like
$ sudo visudo
[sudo] password for xavier666:
Sorry, user xavier666 is not allowed to execute '/usr/sbin/visudo' as root on <HOSTNAME>.PS: I have added a command to no-sudo xavier666 ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/brightnessctl
I temporarily solved it by adding xavier666 ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL to the sudoer's file.
IMO, I think this should not be required.
I don't remember ever adding the default user to the file for all the installations that I have done.
(But this is the first time I've installed Sway)
Running sudo -l without the fix (on Sway)
Matching Defaults entries for xavier666 on <HOSTNAME>:
env_reset, mail_badpass,
secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin\:/snap/bin,
use_pty
User xavier666 may run the following commands on <HOSTNAME>:
(root) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/brightnessctl(ALL : ALL) ALL extra line in the output.sudo -l with my fix on Sway, (ALL : ALL) ALL is present and the permission issue is fixed.What is causing Sway to remove the root permission for the user?
Note: I'm just asking for the standard sudo behaviour. I'm not trying to run GUI applications as root.
Edit:
The issue was caused by swhkd.
It was installed as a setuid binary (as instructed by the developer of the project).
Once I switched back to sway's default keybinds and disabled swhkd, the permissions were back to normal.
I removed my previous "fix" in the sudoers list and I still have sudo access.
Thanks a lot everyone and specially @gnuhaut@lemmy.ml for pointing me in the right direction.
Sxhkd clone for Wayland (works on TTY and X11 too) - waycrate/swhkdGitHub
Yeah so this does not confirm my hunch, and I don't think sway is changing your group membership. Version 1.9 does not allow sway to be installed setuid root, and it isn't, as confirmed by the ls output.
So it must be something else. It could be anything between the login shell in the console and the shell started with the messed up groups. What's weird is that in order to change group membership, you would need root permissions (technically you only need CAP_SETGID, but why would you have that?). I think there are really only two ways to do that: Run a binary that has the setuid bit (like e.g. sudo) or CAP_SETGID, or talk to some process (e.g. a daemon like systemd) that is already running as root, and ask it to do that for you.
I cannot imagine why anything between the login shell -> sway -> ??? -> zsh would be either setuid root, or have any reason or permission to change groups in any way. So that's really weird and interesting.
How do you open the shell inside sway? Keyboard binding from sway config? Launcher? Which terminal? Do any of the involved programs have setuid root bit set (looks like rws instead of x in ls -l output)?
About zsh: I mean I guess in theory one could change groups in the zsh configuration if you had the permissions (which you shouldn't have), but I cannot think of any reasonable explanation why anybody would want do that.
Issue resolved!
It was swhkd. Thank you very much for your insight and extremely detailed response!
$ ls -l $(which swhkd)
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 2583192 Mar 10 17:16 /usr/bin/swhkdI will raise an issue on their github. The project is already looking for maintainers.
For one user account, I want to have some bash scripts, which of course would be under version control.
The obvious solution is just to put the scripts in a git repository and make ~/bin a symlink to the scripts directory.
Now, it seems on systemd systems ~/.local/bin is supposedly the directory for user scripts.
My question, is mostly, what are the tradeoffs between using ~/bin and ~/.local/bin as directory for my own bash scripts?
One simple scenario I can come up with are 3rd party programs which might modify ~/.local/bin and put their own scripts/starters there, similar to 3rd party applications which put their *.desktop files in ~/.local/applications.
Any advice on this? Is ~/.local/bin safe to use for my scripts or should I stick to the classic ~/bin? Anyone has a better convention?
(Btw.: I am running Debian everywhere, so I do not worry about portability to non systemd Linux systems.)
I migrated to fish recently and at first I was really annoyed that I had to decompose my ~/.bash_aliases into 67 different script files inside ~/.config/fish/functions/, but (a) I was really impressed with the tools that fish gave me to quickly craft those script files (-
~> function serg
sed -i -e "s/$1/$2/g" $(rg -l "$1")
end
~> funcsave serg
funcsave: wrote ~/.config/fish/functions/serg.fishAnyway, all this to say that fish ships with a lot of cool, sensible & interesting features, and one of those features is a built-in place for where your user scripts should live. (Mine is a symlink to ~/Dropbox/config/fish_functions so that I don't need to migrate them across computers).
Thank you all so much for your help, here is my output of systemd:
It must be something weird with my initial boot. I am dual booting, but on separate hard drives. My PC does have 6 hard drives in it however. Or, maybe something is messed up in my install?
<br />43.616s fstrim.service
11.630s plocate-updatedb.service
10.593s systemd-suspend.service
4.389s plymouth-quit-wait.service
4.277s ufw.service
4.028s systemd-resolved.service
3.964s systemd-timesyncd.service
3.330s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
2.759s apt-daily.service
2.293s fwupd.service
1.563s logrotate.service
1.316s NetworkManager.service
835ms apt-daily-upgrade.service
693ms motd-news.service
653ms blueman-mechanism.service
458ms user@1000.service
450ms dev-sda2.device
432ms dpkg-db-backup.service
404ms udisks2.service
349ms accounts-daemon.service
335ms gnome-remote-desktop.service
309ms ubuntu-system-adjustments.service
307ms apparmor.service
fstrim.service is disk tool (that's supposed to only be run once a week, not every time you boot) that automatically cleans up old deleted SSD data. opensource.com/article/20/2/trā¦
It looks like it's running too often, or on the wrong devices, every time you boot your computer. You can actually safely disable it; askubuntu.com/questions/116512ā¦ but it's worth looking into why it's taking so long and being run so often.
Running this should show you the log results of fstrim doing it's thing without actually doing anything;sudo fstrim --fstab --verbose --dry-run
These two will show the status of fstrim and it's autorun service;
systemctl status fstrim systemctl status fstrim.timer
I got most of this from a quick google search; duckduckgo.com/?q=fstrim.serviā¦ You can do the same for the other major time-takers on your boot list. For comparison, here's the top results of my semi-fresh install of linux mint;
dageek247@mintPC:~$ systemd-analyze blame
2.237s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
2.077s systemd-binfmt.service
2.003s systemd-resolved.service
1.976s systemd-timesyncd.service
1.916s fwupd-refresh.service
1.365s logrotate.service
1.326s NetworkManager.service
933ms fwupd.service
401ms blueman-mechanism.service
334ms udisks2.service
263ms apt-daily-upgrade.service
254ms dpkg-db-backup.service
229ms dev-nvme0n1p3.device
215ms accounts-daemon.service
201ms power-profiles-daemon.service
199ms polkit.service
197ms smartmontools.service
183ms rsyslog.service
173ms ubuntu-system-adjustments.service
169ms systemd-udev-trigger.service
156ms user@1000.service
155ms proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount
146ms ModemManager.service
132ms apparmor.service
123ms avahi-daemon.service
121ms bluetooth.service
114ms grub-common.service
111ms lm-sensors.service
106ms switcheroo-control.service
105ms secureboot-db.service
I use Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, dual-booted with Win10. Whenever I boot the system, it takes ~3 minutes. Also before the login screen, this thing comes up of which I am attaching a screenshot. What does...Ask Ubuntu
On my last computer I found that the boot process was looking for things that weren't there but that the motherboard had rudimentary functionality for like a floppy drive. It didn't even have a connector for one.
For whatever reason, that caused a 10-30 second delay while the kernel tried to determine if there was a floppy drive connected. Pretty sure I had everything disabled via the BIOS but apparently it wasn't disabled enough and the kernel could still see it.
That required throwing something into the system config, probably somewhere in /etc/modprobe.d, to blacklist that particular kernel module.
There was another problematic module as well; I can't remember what that was, but I'm pretty sure it was the same fix. Got the boot time to login screen down to less than 10 seconds.
But all that said, even on this computer where the boot time is pretty quick, I usually put the computer into suspend mode to keep times down.
gitlab.com/christosangel/sausaā¦
sausage is a terminal word forming game, written in Bash.
This game was inspired by en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bookwormā¦.
The aim is to score points by creating words, moving around in six directions in the grid, using consecutive letters.
When the user created longer words, coloured letters appear. The user can score more points by using these coloured letters.
More points can also be scored, when the user manages to create the bonus words.
When smaller words are created, or low point yielding words, red letters appear in the grid. If not used, these red letters will drop one cell in every turn.
When a red letter reaches beyond the bottom of the grid, the game is over.
The user can also reshuffle the letters in the grid, in order to be able to create words. However, there is a price to this action: the existing red letters will drop one cell, all other bonus coloured letters will be lost, and more red letters will appear.
If the score is among the 10 best scores achieved, it makes it in the Top Ten Highscores.
This game is named sausage as a tribute to
Renowned writer and lexicographer Dr. Samuel Johnson starts to read a tiny scrap of paper containing Baldrick's miniscule novel:
Once upon a time, there was a lovely little sausage called...
...only to realize that after 18 years of arduous work, he failed to include the word SAUSAGE in his magnum opus.
Sausage is a terminal word forming game, written in Bash, inspired by Bookworm.GitLab
:mailbox_with_mail: Easily and securely share files from the command line. A fully featured Firefox Send client. - timvisee/ffsendGitHub
You can also make a torrent very easily, which is the better method.
I'm confused, is this different than:
This site states "ā ļø Send will be terminated on May 24th. ā ļø
Costs are getting too high to keep hosting this service. Find an alternative instance here or host your own."
Encrypt and send files with a link that automatically expires to ensure your important documents donāt stay online forever.send.vis.ee
Lots of people have been asking myself and Mike for a statement on the recent drama surrounding Fosstodon. This is **MY** statement.My Thoughts on the Fosstodon Drama
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I have to ask, then: what motivates people to do it?
If mods are not financially compensated for it, the only rational explanation is that they are either getting some form of benefit (soft power, access to privileged information) or they are getting some pleasure out of it, i.e, power tripping.
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Well I only moderate 1 community and there is a compensation component to it.
So many questions... š
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Ah, I thought you were talking about something here on the Fediverse.
In any case, I wish people didn't feel afraid to talk about business here. Maybe more people would realize that behind the majority of "business" there are genuine people and not just the cartoon capitalist pigs.
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rglullis likes this.
Funny how some people expose their own sad world views by projecting it onto others š
Some people chose to do the right things because they are right, not because they benefit from them.
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That is a rather toxic way of looking at the world. I get it, I kind of can rationally understand the idea that you can explain all selfless behavior as being selfish because the least you get out of it is dopamine, so you are wired to feel good doing what you think is right.
Now, can you tell me how this is just not a very shitty and cynical lens to view humans through? I've had my nihilistic phase in my 20's. I hope you also find a way out of the hole of the "arbitrariness" of ethics.
Because each other is all we have, and ethics is ultimately what makes us human. The ability to reprogram our own pleasure circuit and maybe, just maybe, just use it to be not an asshole, just to start with. And then at some point just do something nice for others. Because if everybody did that, the world would not be the shithole it is.
I'm thankful to mods who volunteer their free time to tend to the garden of the communities they care about.
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I am not at all talking about the cases of someone who is passionate about some topic and then goes on to cultivate a community around it, and I am not saying "every moderator is doing it for some ulterior motive".
I am talking specifically about the types that put on themselves to become mods of dozens of subreddits. Or instance admins that go months in a row begging for money to be able to pay their own bills, instead of shutting down the instance or make it only for those that contribute back.
IOW, I am talking about the cases where people act beyond what anyone would consider "healthy".
Ooof š this morning i got the server bills and currently im still a massive ā¬470+ short.. Upcoming week I'm gonna dedicate go clean up servers, merge some to cut costs Unofrt active users has gone down but the cost do keep return and even increase ā¦Mastodon š
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Okay wow, thanks for the clarification. That is indeed weird. Yeah, then I guess I agree, it's really ... Just not very healthy behavior.
Okay I mean for some people maybe this whole Internet thing, becomes too much an end in itself, maybe they are missing something in life and trying to get it that way.
If you are employed, have family and/or friends and a hobby or two, how do you even have the time to mod dozens of subs and stuff like that?
So if they are doing it while being nice, one can actually say they could need some empathy. If they are not being nice, well, for such cases it might explain why the other things in life might be lacking.
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Hey, any comparison to Ayn Rand or their fans should be an immediate ban. No need to go that low.
All I've been arguing with you could be summed up as "if we want the Fediverse to be universal, we will need to grow a lot faster and we need to accept the reality that not everyone values the same things as you do" and you responding "No, I don't to make the Fediverse universal because most people are too morally weak to stand for the things I care about".
(And if you think I am exagerating: don't make me look for the conversation where you said that people should be okay using this crap because the other open source alternatives committed the grave sin of "raising money from investors".)
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Fine I didn't need to go as low as Ayn Rand.
But I think you still didn't get my argument last time. Tl;dr: there is no point in doing what you propose as it just results in recreating the same shit we already have. This has nothing to do with moral failings and everything with strategy and not repeating the same mistakes all over again.
And besides that I agree that Siskin isn't great, and most likely suggested this instead. And that "open-source alternative" is now open-core and can't pay their bloated expenses now that VC funding has run dry. I hope you see the irony in what you just wrote, because that is really a clear example of how unsustainable and ill advised that kind of growth is.
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it just results in recreating the same shit we already have
This is you passing opinion as undisputed truth. I am not proposing "Let's take on the big corporations by building another big corporation", I am saying "we can get rid of the dominance from big corporations if we help foment an economy of small, independent businesses." and I am saying "if we keep this anti-business culture where we are hostile to even some food truck owner trying to connect to their customers, then don't complain when the food truck owner continues using Facebook/Instagram/Twitter".
And that āopen-source alternativeā is now open-core
Synapse is still AGPLv3. Their closed parts are for Enterprise. No one is being locked out of crucial features. No one is being locked out of reaching out other users of the network. No one is being forced to "upgrade" after reaching a certain size. To call it open-core is just yet-another display of bias.
and most likely suggested this (Monal) instead.
Monal does not make video calls! Not having video calls was a non-starter in 2015, let alone today.
because that is really a clear example of how unsustainable and ill advised that kind of growth is.
Is it? Because so far I managed to talk with a lot more people on Matrix than I ever did on XMPP, and that wouldn't change even if Element closed shop tomorrow. And even if it did, the odds would be highly in favor of some other company like Beeper picking up the pieces to serve its customers and it would still be in their interest to keep things open to have the ecosystem around.
So, at the end of the day, yes, I'd rather have this "unsustainable" growth than claiming any moral victory for sticking to the Betamax of chat protocols. This "unsustainable" system gave me and few hundred million people something that is far from perfect, but at least it can make video calls on iOS.
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I like high quality communities, which cannot maintain quality without staff, and which would probably struggle to maintain any funding.
One example of a community I became a moderator for often had trolls occasionally show up and post obviously malicious content, and commercial ad spam. Due to timezone differences, these often took hours to be deleted by existing staff.
So it wasn't about morality, righteousness, money or power. It was about me wanting to develop a community I cared about.
Edit: in a comment chain, you mentioned people who clearly moderate for other motives. They exist, I've seen them and helped get some removed in one particular community. Like you said, there are other motivators.
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it gives them personal satisfaction to help out with something that is meaningful to them.
What about the cases where "what is meaningful to them" conflicts with "what is meaningful to the others"?
I said on a sibling comment but it bears repeating: I am not talking about someone who enjoys a hobby and goes on to create/mod a community about it. I am thinking about the cases where someone finds themselves as part of a large community and realizes that the majority of the members keep pushing you to things you either don't want to or disagree with.
LandedGentry doesn't like this.
It is a broader issue, namely: there is no such thing as doing a "thankless" job for purely altrustic reasons. This is not an issue on a small scale, but once it reaches it some critical mass we should wonder what motivates those who keep a position of authority.
(And before I get another barrage of people saying "I do it because I care about it/ I want to help / someone needs to do it"... yeah, sure, but if you are cultivating something because you happen to like the thing at hand , then you are doing for your own personal interest and it is not entirely altruistic. And that is totally fine.)
I legitimately did it because I had been a member of the community for years and really felt passionate about keeping its standards and making sure it remained safe for the community.
Would you do it for a community you didn't care about?
Do you think that doing something because you "really felt passionate about it" is "selfless"?
No, I missed it before.
My "axe to grind" is not against mods. My "axe to grind" is against Small Fedi. I can elaborate more later if you want, but now I need to get back to work...
As I often do, I made a poll on the fediverse about two concepts I am interested in: Big Fedi versus Small Fedi. Although I think these are interesting topics, I couldnāt come up with exact summations of what the āBig Fediā and āSmall Fediā positions are. So, I wanted to write down what I could here.The fediverse, in this case, is an internetwork of social networks. It works a lot like email; you can have an account on one network and follow, message, and react to people (or bots) on other networks. The biggest software tool for making fediverse networks is Mastodon; there are a lot of other Open Source servers for setting up nodes. There are also some proprietary nodes ā Meta Threads and Flipboard are two of the biggest.
The following are some clusters of ideas that I think coalesce into āBig Fediā and āSmall Fediā. I havenāt been able to tie them all back to some fundamental principle on either side.
Big Fedi
The āBig Fediā position is a set of ideas that roughly cluster together. Not everyone who agrees with one or a few of these agrees with them all, but I think they tend to be related.
- The fediverse should be big. Real big. Like, everyone on the planet should have an account on the fediverse. It will make the internet better and the world better.
- We should make choices that help bring the fediverse to new people. Because the fediverse should be big, we should be doing things to make it bigger; in particular, to bring it to more people.
- There should be a lot of different account servers. (Iām using āaccount serversā instead of āinstancesā or āserversā.) Itās good to have a lot of choice, with a lot of different parameters: software interfaces, financial structure, what have you.
- Commercial account servers are welcome. This variety includes commercial services. If they provide the right mix of features and trade-offs that certain people want, itās good to have them, especially if they have a lot of users.
- Moderation can be automated. Shared blocklists, machine learning, and other tools can be used to catch most of the problematic interactions on the fediverse.
- Account servers can be big. It doesnāt matter how big they are: 1M, 10M, 100M, 1B people is fine.
- The fediverse should have secondary services. In order to grow, we need secondary services, like people-finders, onboarding tools, global search, bridges, and so on.
- The individual is central. People should be able to set up their environment how they like, including their social environment. They have the tools to do that. The account server may set some parameters around content or software usage, but otherwise itās mostly a dumb pipe.
- Connections should be person-to-person. The main social connection is through following someone. Building up this follow graph is important.
- People I care about should be on the fediverse. I have a life outside the fediverse ā friends, family, colleagues, neighbours. My governments, media, celebrities, sports figures, leaders in my industry. It would be good to have more of those people on the fediverse, so I can connect to them.
- People should get to make choices about their account server. Everybody has different priorities: privacy, open source, moderation, cost, stability, features. We can all make our own choices about the account server we prefer.
- It should be possible to have ad-free account servers. Technically and culturally, we should be able to set these up.
- It should be possible to have Open Source account servers. People who prefer free network services should be able to run them and use them.
- It should be possible to have algorithm-free account servers. You should be able to just follow things reverse chronologically.
- It should be possible to have individually-run account servers. A normal technically-minded person should be able to run their own account server for themself, friends, their household, or even for a larger communty.
- Harms that are mostly kept to account servers are up to people on those servers to solve. Good fences make good neighbours. If things become unbearable, people can move servers somewhat frictionlessly.
- Affinity groups should stretch beyond account server boundaries. Groups, lists, and other social network features are important and should be fully federated. They should provide a lot of features.
- There may be some harm that comes with growth; we can fix it later. Weāre going to find problems as we go along. We can deal with them as we come to them.
- The fediverse is going to look very different over time. The way things work now are not how theyāre going to be 1, 3, 5, 10 years from now. Especially as the fediverse grows, different structures and ways of working are going to develop.
- Open standards are important. By having public, open standards available through big standards organizations, we gain the buy-in from different account network operators to join the network. We definitely donāt have time to negotiate bilateral agreements; we need solid standards.
- Variety in types of account server operators is good. Different people have different needs and tolerances. If we want to have more people, we need to cater to those different needs with different account servers.
- Existing organizations can and should provide account servers. Not just existing tech companies; also businesses providing servers for their employees, universities for students, cities or other governments for their citizens.
- Existing services, even if theyāre bad, will become somewhat better if they have fediverse features. People on those services will get to connect with a variety of new people. Theyāll find out about the fediverse, and might move to another account server, or try something else new.
- Itās more important to bring good people to the fediverse than keep bad people off it. More people is good, and the people I care about on other networks are also good. There may be some bad people, too, but weāll manage them.
Small Fedi
Here is a rough cluster of ideas that Iād call āSmall Fediā. Again, not everyone who agrees with one or two of these agrees with all of them.
- The fediverse should be safe. Safe from harassment, safe from privacy violations.
- Growth is not important. Weāve gotten along this long with a small fediverse. Itās OK how it is, so growth is not important. Growth is a capitalist mindset.
- People who arenāt on the fediverse donāt matter as much as people who are. Their needs, at least. When discussing the future of the fediverse, we donāt need to talk about people on other networks much at all.
- If people want to get on the fediverse, they can join an existing account server. We donāt need to bring new account servers to the fediverse; there are a lot already. People who really care about getting on the fediverse can join an existing account server, or set up their own. If theyāre not willing to do this, theyāre probably not that interested in the fediverse, so why should we bother trying to connect to them?
- If growth could cause harm, we either should fix the problem before growing, or we shouldnāt grow. We should examine opportunities carefully, but by default we should say no.
- Commercial account servers are discouraged. Most commercial services do harm. Even if theyāre on the fediverse, theyāre going to try to do harm to make more money. So, they should be avoided as much as possible.
- Secondary services can cause harm and should be severely limited if allowed at all. People search and content search can be used for privacy invasion or harassment. Shared blocklists can be manipulated to cause echo chambers. Machine learning can be biased. Onboarding services favour big account servers. They should be discouraged or, preferably, closed.
- The account server is central. Moderation decisions, cultural decisions, account decisions, most social decisions should happen at the account server level.
- Account servers are the primary affinity group. You should find an account server that feels like home. Any other groups are less important.
- Feeds like āfediverseā and ālocalā are important. There is a public community of account servers that your account server connects to, and the public feed from that community is important. You might use it more often than your home feed. Your local feed is also important, because your account server is a group you belong to.
- Moderation should be primarily by hand. The courage and wisdom necessary to make most moderation decisions can only be managed by hand. Automated tools can be manipulated.
- Account servers must be small. Human moderators can only do so much work, so the account servers they moderate can only be so big.
- The fediverse works just about right right now, and shouldnāt change. Thereās a good reason for how everything works, and itās fine. People who want to change the way things work just donāt get it.
- Itās not important that people from my real life are on the fediverse, and itās kind of discouraged. The account server is the most important affinity group, then the larger āfediverseā. Thatās enough; other people are needed or welcome. People who I know who arenāt on the fediverse donāt care about fediverse stuff, so theyād get bored here, anyway.
- It is highly discouraged to have ad-supported account servers. Even if they only show ads to their own users, they are causing harm. In particular, theyāre showing our content next to ads, or using our content to develop ad algorithms. Either way, harm goes beyond the server border.
- It is highly discouraged to have proprietary account servers. They just canāt be trusted with their own usersā data. Also, theyāre going to get some of our data, just through federation, and who knows what theyāll do with it.
- It is highly discouraged to have algorithmic timelines. Anyone having these causes problems. If you want one, you just donāt get it.
- Open standards are less important than making things work the way we want them. In particular, fiddling with standards to keep people safe, and to discourage particular account server structure, is an OK thing to do.
- Most existing institutions have proved themselves untrustworthy and should not provide account servers. Name any particular part of civil society, and I can come up with an example of at least one bad practice they have.
- Harms that happen on one account server are a problem for every account server. Server blocks, personal blocks, and protocol boundaries arenāt enough to isolate problems to their account server of origin. Secondary or tertiary effects can happen and cause harm.
- Existing services, if theyāre bad, will make the fediverse worse. Bad practices, bad content, bad members will cause problems for everyone on the fediverse.
- Itās more important to keep bad people off the fediverse than to bring good people to it. Bad people can be really horrible. There arenāt actually that many good people on bad services, and if they really wanted to connect with us, theyād find another way.
Where do I land?
Iām mostly a Big Fedi person; I did the work on the fediverse that Iāve done in order to bring it to everyone on the planet. I donāt think people should have to pass a test to be allowed on the fediverse.That said, I respect that harm can come from new technical decisions and new network connections. As someone deeply involved in the standards around ActivityPub and the fediverse, Iād like to make sure that we give people the tools they need to avoid harm ā and stay out of the way when they use them. I very much like the Small Fedi suspicion of new services and account servers, and careful consideration of the possibilities.
Iād like to find ways to mitigate the problems of so many people on proprietary social networks being unconnected to the fediverse, but still centre the safety of existing fedizens. I donāt have an easy answer to how this can work, though.
Anyway, thanks for reading this far. Also, an acknowledgment: I borrowed the term āSmall Fediā without permission from Erin Kissaneās great piece on Untangling Threads. Iām also using it differently, stretching it out, which admittedly is an ingrateful thing with something you borrow. I hope it is not ruined by the time I return it.
Another acknowledgment: this framing is loosely based on the worse is better series of essays by Richard Gabriel. His lists of ideas are much shorter, more cohesive, and more algorithmic.
evanp.me/2023/12/26/big-fedi-sā¦
#bigfedi #fediverse #smallfedi
Big Fedi, Small Fedi
As I often do, I made a poll on the fediverse about two concepts I am interested in: Big Fedi versus Small Fedi. Although I think these are interesting topics, I couldnāt come up with exact sā¦Evan Prodromou's Blog
Ugh, the comments here are so full of BS and distortions of what really happened š¤¦
So here is the actual tl;dr: Some people asked the main Fosstodon admins what they think about having an openly Trump supporting, islamo- and transphobic moderator in their team and their response was "not here on Fosstodon and not our problem" (paraphrased, but close to their actual response).
That is pretty much like this scenario: lets say you get (credibly) informed about someone openly corrupt in your organization. If your response is: I have not seen them steal money in our organization and our processes should prevent any theft happening, then you are missing the forest for the trees.
If an organization can't get such basic governance issues right and prefers to hide behind a "neutral" stance on something that is really concerning to a large percentage of their members than they irrevocably lose a lot of trust and that is more than justified.
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Block size? Iāve never seen that message before and I donāt think itās relevant here. It should redetect the partitions to what they actually are though, but I assume it doesnāt for you.
Also, are you sure you want MBR on that disk instead of GPT? (At least, I think thatās what āLabel: dosā means)
Zross?
X-Cross?
X-ross?
Oh, it's just pronounced Cross. Always unsure how people who make decisions like these get the jobs they do.
cross-posted from: lemmy.world/post/28808772
Finally released an alpha build for the PeerTube recommendation algorithm!
Basic UI is complete. If you want to try it out, the link is here:
š github.com/solidheron/peertubeā¦New features since the last build:
- Sort by videos that share your time engagement similarity.
- Sort by videos that share your like similarity.
- Display of like similarity cosine values.
- Basic information shown for recommended videos (title, account, and channel names).
- 404 check for generated instance links (so you donāt get stuck clicking into dead videosāyouāll know which instance hosts the video).
- De-ranking for previously seen videos (simply a 0.5x multiplier on time and like similarity).Features from previous builds:
- Ability to input multiple instance domain names (DNs) and generate playable video links.
- Limit of 5 recommendations per channel to avoid floods (e.g., during testing, The Linux Experiment would dominate otherwiseāthis limit is more of a failsafe than a feature).Personal thoughts:
I still think cosine similarity beats chronological algorithms.
This algorithm also synergizes with other algorithmsāit's great for finding videos that appear next to or below what you're currently watching.You can also revisit videos you previously liked to help strengthen your like similarity vectors.
Moving forward: basic design philosophies and current issues
Thereās an issue Iām calling the āLinux pipeline.ā
Basically, Linux-related videos tend to dominate PeerTubeās well-produced content.
Since the algorithm relies on English words in descriptions, titles, and tags, Linux videosāwhich sometimes have fewer general keywordsāend up being more "orthogonal" to typical user vectors, causing lower ranking.Another challenge:
Itās really hard to properly combine like cosine similarity and time engagement cosine similarity.
You could add them, but it doesnāt fully make sense:
- High like similarity + high time engagement similarity = you probably like and will watch the video longer.
- But short videos can be liked even if they contribute almost nothing to time engagement (because time engagement is based on percentage watched Ć video length).If I combined them, it would basically enter machine learning territory:
You'd have to adjust proportions dynamically based on user behavior.
Since I want this algorithm scoped to one person only (no data sharing yet), that level of ML is out of scope for now.(Sharing data across devices could come laterāBrave browser has sync features, and PeerTube watch history syncing could be possible.)
Summary:
Most of the data structure is settling into place.
Future updates will probably focus on expanding the data structure and making small improvements.
currently just a browser extension that monitors your the peertube videos your watch and stores them locally - solidheron/peertube_recomendation_algorythmGitHub
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I think open discovery algorithms are the way. We are against algos but sorting by like similarity would be beneficial.
What are you guys thinking? @dessalines@lemmy.ml @nutomic@lemmy.ml Are you optimistic about this or fuck any algorithms?
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A few years ago my wife and I built a computer out of old parts for her friend's then 10 years old son. Last month we were visiting them, and I heard the wife's friend say something funny that I thought I'd share with you.
They live on the other side of the city, this was the kid's first computer, and his mom doesn't have much computer experience either, so our goal was to build something that was easy to use and hard to break from the beginning. Originally I choose ElementaryOS since it seemed to fit the bill, but after a year or two it turned out that it couldn't be upgraded to a new major version without a full reinstall so it got stuck with an older version. We didn't visit that often, and the kid's games still worked so it wasn't a major issue until Factorio broke due to glibc incompatibility.
When his birthday was coming up last month we bought him a SSD to make the computer a little bit zippier without a major upgrade, and I thought I'd give him a brand new Linux experience too, so I asked for advice here and in the end chose Bazzite. While I was helping the kid with the installation, I overheard his mom saying in the other room:
This Linux thing.. We've never had any problems with it, he just clicks something to install it and it works. Unlike normal computers, where you always have to do things and fix them.
Perhaps not the most eloquent, but I consider it a very good review.
Recommend a distro for a 13-year-old gamer
Couldn't find a dedicated community for distro recommendations, I hope it's ok to ask here.A couple of years ago my wife and I built a computer and gave it to a friend's kid. We put ElementaryOS on it since that seemed pretty fool-proof, but it appears to require a re-install to upgrade major versions so it has been stuck with an old glibc and because of that he can't play Factorio.
For his 13:th birthday we bought him a SSD so it would be a good time to reinstall Linux, but is there perhaps some better choice than ElementaryOS? They live quite far away so I can't easily pop over to fix his computer if something breaks, we don't spend enough time there for me to teach him to fix things himself, and he doesn't seem very interested in learning how computers/operatings systems work either.
- Hardware: Some old Intel CPU with 8GB DDR3 and a GTX1080
- Usage: Gaming through Steam+Proton, Lutris and browsing.
- Requirements: Games work, OS never breaks on updates. Doesn't need to be "kid proof", I don't think he touches any stuff he doesn't know what it does.
I guess this would be with Arch, but technically it's steamOS beta
Probably will need console commands, but if there's flatpak software with this ability, that would be sweet.
Any suggestions?
pacman -Syu to update?
At the very least:
Yazi
Eza
Kitty
Fish
Fastfetch
Feh
Trash-cli
Micro
Spotify-player
Nmcli
Polybar
Rofi (fuzzel for wayland)
Librewolf
Like the title says I want to install a Linux distro on my old laptop. I am currently looking into installing a SSD, but I want to learn a distro for fun! I haven't been able to find a good current resource aside from the Linux Masters here, so I am actually asking for help on the Internet! What distro is the best!?
EDIT: thanks so much everyone for your recommendations and advice! I installed a couple of different systems before deciding that I think the laptop can support Fedora with KDE plasma, and I'm finding it really attractive and easy to use. You will see once I get some more disk space used how the performance holds up! If it runs into trouble I might switch the machine back over to mint with, that one seemed to run really well and was pretty familiar seeming from my Windows days, also seem more low end and booted a little faster. I think I might even end up switching to Linux on my desktop I had so much fun with it last night!! I really appreciate all the information and will probably be experimenting with a more lightweight build on this computer in the future! I'm a Linux user and it was easier than I ever thought! ā¤ļø
I want to learn a Distro for fun.
Are you just using this laptop to dip your toes into Linux and see if you like it? I would recommend Debian + XFCE. It's lightweight, it prioritizes stability over new features, and it's a fairly easy UI for a newbie to understand. Alternatively Linux Mint MATE Edition might be worth a try. It's also lightweight but is a bit more "up to date" than Debian feature wise.
Debian gets feature updates significantly slower than other distros, instead it focuses on insuring stability and security. It's rock solid.
Linux Mint is actually based on Ubuntu (which itself is derived from Debian), so for the most part the two are fairly similar. There are a few key differences but for someone learning Linux you don't need to worry about them. Pick one of them, get your feet wet, and then google the differences to see if you want to switch.
After all, endless Distro hopping is a right of passage for all fledgling Linux users! š
Objectives of learning and fun?
You do not state noobliness, ease of setup or time to install, number of failures/retries or anything like that.
**EDIT: you did state noobliness later on in comments so . . . i'd go stock debian +lxqt. ****
~~or all that I'd recommend arch. Do not use archinstall script , that reduces both learning and fun. Resource? follow the archwiki and go through lots of linked pages at each step. If you do wuss out and install stock debian (+lxqt)~~
maybe partition off a spare 10-20GB so you can play around with an arch install after you realise how boring and uneducational the others are (joke)
I remember some time ago installing an app that allowed me to film in the background whilst having another app open on top. I believe this was from f-droid. I actually have a legitimate use for this for crime evidence.
Could someone please suggest its name if they know, either from f-droid or a decent (trustworthy) app from the play store please.
Hi all, I'm trying to have my rpi5 running raspberry OS communicate with the Internet only through the tun0 interface (vpn). For this I wanted to create a ufw ruleset. Unfortunately, I've hit a roadblock and I can't figure out where I'm going wrong.
Can you help me discover why this ruleset doesn't allow Internet communication over tun0? When I disable ufw I can access the Internet.
The VPN connection is already established, so it should keep working, right?
I hope you can help me out!
This is the script with the ruleset:
sudo ufw reset
sudo ufw default deny incoming
sudo ufw default deny outgoing
sudo ufw allow ssh
sudo ufw allow from 192.168.0.0/16
sudo ufw allow out to 192.168.0.0/16
sudo ufw allow in on tun0
sudo ufw allow out on tun0
sudo ufw route allow in on tun0 out on wlan0
sudo ufw route allow in on wlan0 out on tun0
sudo ufw enable
This is a followup to my introduction of BlogOnLemmy, a simple blog frontend. If you haven't seen it, no need because I will be explaining how it works and how you can run your own BlogOnLemmy for free.
Having a platform to connect your content to likeminded people is invaluable. The Fediverse achieves this in a platform agnostic way, so in theory it shouldn't matter which platform we use. But platform have different userbases that interact with posts in different ways. I've always preferred the forum variety, where communities form and discussion is encouraged.
My posts are shared as original content on Lemmy, and that's who it's meant for. Choosing for a traditional blog style to make a more palatable platform for a wider audience, and in this way also promoting Lemmy.
Starting off I did not want the upkeep of another federated instance. Not every new thing that is deployed on the Fediverse needs to stand on its own or made from the ground up as an ActivityPub compatible service. But rather use existing infrastructure, already federated, already primed for interconnectivity. Taking it one step further is not a having a back-end at all, a 'dumb' website as it were. Posts are made, edited, and cross-posted on Lemmy.
The world of CSS and JavaScript on the other hand - how websites are styled and made feature-rich - is littered with libraries. Being treated like black boxes, often just a few functions are used with the rest clogging up our internet experience. Even jQuery, which is used by over 74% of all websites, is already 23kB in its smallest form. I'm not planning on having the smallest possible footprint*, but rather showing a modern web browser provides an underused toolset of natively supported functionality; something the first webdevs would have given their left kidney for.
Lastly, to improve maintainability and simplicity, one page is enough for a blog. Provided that its content can be altered dynamically.
*See optimization
Even before the browser completely loads the page, we can take a look at the URL. With our constraints only two types of additions are available for us, the anchor and GET parameters. When an anchor, or '#', is present websites scroll to a specific place in a website after loading. We can hijack this behavior and use it to load predefined categories. Like '#blog' or '#linkdumps'. For posts, '#/post/3139396' looks nicer than '?post=3139396', but anchors are rarely search engine compatible. So I'm extracting the GET parameter to load an individual post.
Running JavaScript before the page has done loading should be swift and easy, like coloring the filters or setting Dark/Light mode, so it doesn't delay the site.
A simple 'Fetch' is all that's required. Lemmy's API is extensive already, because it's used by different frontends and apps that make an individualās experience unique. When selecting a category, we are requesting all the posts made by me in one or more lemmy communities. A post or permalink uses the same post_id as on the Lemmy instance. Pretty straight forward.
When we get a reply from the Lemmy instance, the posts are formatted in Markdown. Just as they are when you submit the post. But our browsers use HTML, a different markup language that is interpretable by our browsers. This is where the only code that's not written by me steps in, a Markdown to HTML layer called snarkdown. It's very efficient and probably the smallest footprint possible for what it is, around 1kB.
When my blog was launched, I was using a Cloudflare proxy, for no-hassle https handling, caching and CDN. Within the EU, I'm aiming for sub-100ms* to be faster than the blink of an eye. With a free tier of Cloudflare we can expect a variance between 150 and 600ms at best, but intercontinental caching can take seconds.
Nginx and OpenLiteSpeed are regarded as the fastest webservers out there, I often use Apache for testing but for deployment I prefer Nginx's speed and reliability. I could sidetrack here and write another 1000 words about the optimization of static content and TLS handling in Nginx, but that's a story for another time.
* For the website, API calls are made asynchronously while the page is loaded and are not counted
All data being transferred on the internet is split up into manageable chunks or frames. Their size or Maximum Transmission Unit, is defined by IEEE 802.3-2022 1.4.207 with a maximum of 1518 bytes*. They usually carry 1460 bytes of actual application data, or Maximum Segment Size.
Followed by most server operating systems, RFC 6928 proposes 10x MSS (= Congestion Window) for the first reply. In other words, the server 'tests' your network by sending 10 frames at once. If your device acknowledges each frame, the server knows to double the Congestion Window every subsequent reply until some are dropped. This is called TCP Slow Start, defined in RFC 5681.
10 frames of 1460 bytes contain 14.6kB of usable data. Or at least, it used to.
The modern web changed with the use of encryption. The Initial Congestion Window, in my use case, includes 2 TLS frames and from each frame it takes away an extra 29 bytes. Reducing our window to 11.4kB. If we manage our website to fit within this first Slow Start routine, we avoid an extra round trip in the TCP/IP-protocol. Speeding up the website as much as your latency to the server. Min-maxing TCP Traffic is the name of the game.
* Can vary with MTU settings of your network or interface, but around 1500 (+ 14 bytes for headers) is the widely accepted default
\
Visualizes two raw web requests, 10.7kB vs 13.3kB with TCP Slow Start\
- Above Blue: Request Starts\
- Between Green: TLS Handshake\
- Inside Red: Initial Congestion Window
Icons are tricky, because describing pixel positions takes up a considerable amount of data. Instead SVG's are commonplace, creating complex shapes programmatically, and significantly reducing its footprint. Feathericons is a FOSS icon library providing a beautiful SVG rendered solution for my navbar. For the favicon, or website icon, I coded it manually with the same font as the blog itself. But after different browsers took liberties rendering the font and spacing, I converted it to a path traced design. Describing each shape individually and making sure it's rendered the same consistently.
If we sum up the filesizes we're looking at around 50kB of data. Luckily servers compress* our code, and are pretty good at it, leaving only 15kB to be transferred; just above our 11kB threshold. By making the code unreadable for humans using minifying scripts we can reduce the final size even more. Only... the files that make up this blog are split up. Common guidelines recommend doing so to prevent one big file clogging up load times. For us that means splitting up our precious 11kB in multiple round trips, the opposite of our goal. Inline code blocks to the rescue, with the added bonus of the entire site now being compressed into one file making the compression more efficient to end optimization at a neat 10.7kB.
* The Web uses Gzip. A more performant choice today is Brotli, which I compiled for use on my server
All good in theory, now let's see the effect in practice. I've deployed the blog 4 times, and each version was measured for total download time from 20 requests. In the first graph we notice the impact of not staying inside the Initial Congestion Window, where only the second scenario is delayed by a second round trip when loading the first page.
Scenario 1. and 3. have separate files, and separate requests are made. Taking priority in displaying the website, or the first file, but neglecting potential useable space inside the init_cwnd. We can tell when comparing the second graph, it ends up almost doubling their respective total load times.
The final version is the only one transferring all the data in one round trip, and is the one deployed on the main site. With total download times as low as 51ms, around 150ms as a soft upper limit, and 85ms average in Europe. Unfortunately, that means worldwide tests show load times of 700ms, so I'll eventually implement a CDN.
I'll be leaving up dev versions until there's a significant update to the site
Speeds like this can only be achieved when you're close to my server, which is in London. For my Eurobros that means blazing fast response times. For anyone else, cdn.martijn.sh points to Cloudflare's CDN and git.martijn.sh to GitHub's CDN. These services allow us to distribute our blog to servers across the globe, so requesting clients always choose the closest server available.
An easy and free way of serving a static webpage. Fork the BlogOnLemmy repository and name it 'GitHub-Username'.github.io. Your website is now available as username.github.io and even supports the use of custom domain names. Mine is served at git.martijn.sh.
While testing its load times worldwide, I got response times as low as 64ms with 250ms on the high end. Not surprisingly they deliver the page slightly faster globally than Cloudflare does, because they're optimizing for static content.
Essential for blogging in current year, Webmentions keep websites up-to-date when links to them are created or edited. Fortunately Lemmy has got us covered, when posts are made the first instance sends a Webmention to the hosters of any links that are mentioned in the post.
To stay within scope I'll be using webmention.io for now, which enables us to get notified when linked somewhere else by adding just a single line of HTML to our code.
Edit: GitHub | ./Martijn.sh > Blog
Feather is a collection of simply beautiful open source icons. Each icon is designed on a 24x24 grid with an emphasis on simplicity, consistency and readability.feathericons.com
like this
What he did was half a decade ago! The comment section is wiled, keep it down.
I saw this in my Mastodon feed and wanted to share, and that was a mistake.
Edit: I label myself an anarcho-syndicalist, and I donāt watch PewDiePie. I have my fair share of opinions about him from his early days but there is no need to label Felix as a nazi. I used my brain cells to check some of his latest videos and I donāt see any mention of nazism fascism or any political mentions! What I do see is Felix starting a family in Japan, traveling around Japan, and just being a human living his life!
I don't normally watch him but this popped on my feed, and I'm pretty impressed. Dude really fell the Arch+Hyprland rabbit hole and ended up loving it.
Probably one of the largest YouTuber switching to Linux, and is very positive about it.
That Hyprland rice is pretty sick too.
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It's good, and it's funny. So much so that I'm jealous.
With this potential critical mass combined with the gaming community it's all downhill for Windoze from here.
PS To force GPU on Steam games in Linux, because games might unknowingly perform needlessly bad.
-āÆ-
āļø arscyni.cc: modernity ā nature.
A sentient stack of stardust's thoughts on nothing and everything, influenced by Cynicism, pursuing modernity in proportion to nature.www.arscyni.cc
Today i took my first steps into the world of Linux by creating a bookable Mint Cinamon USB stick to fuck around on without wiping or portioning my laptop drive.
I realised windows has the biggest vulnerability for the average user.
While booting off of the usb I could access all the data on my laptop without having to input a password.
After some research it appears drives need to be encrypted to prevent this, so how is this not the default case in Windows?
I'm sure there are people aware but for the laymen this is such a massive vulnerability.
This is not that big of a deal most of the time, since you are the only person interacting with your computer, but it's worth remembering when you decide to recycle or donate -- you have to securely wipe in that case. Also bear in mind, if you do encrypt your drive, there are now more possibilities for total data loss.
Oh, fun fact: you can change a users windows password inside Linux. Comes in handy for recovery, ie, user forgot their password.
Yes, any laptop without an encrypted storage drive will have its data accessible by someone booting from a live USB.
It really is a massive vulnerability, but it's not well known because so few people even understand the concept of a 'live USB' to make it a widespread threat or concern.
So yeah, if you're ever in possession of a Windows machine that doesn't have an encrypted disk, you can view the users' files without knowing their password via a live USB.
It's also not limited to laptops.
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Wrapping up COSMICās main features before the first beta release.System76 Blog
The developer is just kind of insane. They reimplemented wlroots from scratch all on their own, a feat that cannot be understated, and the reason they did that is because of how massively they were outpacing wlroots development in terms of features.
just some things:
If the feature exists, hyprland has it, almost guaranteed, they are not minimalists, which I appreciate right now while wayland is still getting everything sorted out.
Oh they finally fixed the bloody dock. I used it ages ago when it was still oval and those square icons looked terrible on it. This is much better.
Have they given any updates on HDR support? I remember them mentioning years back that they planned it for the final release but I've not heard anything since.
Cool story bro. And I am one of the 9 people that worked on the team at Intel to implement your modern EFI/UEFI.
I just donāt have the time or energy to sit here and explain the whole fucking stack to a bunch of people who mostly could care less. But, Secureboot, itās a good thing, and the tools on linux get better every hour. Check out lanzaboote.
github.com/nix-community/lanzaā¦
Secure Boot for NixOS [maintainers=@blitz @raitobezarius @nikstur] - nix-community/lanzabooteGitHub
Fair. Although, I consider Microsoft's market "Most laptops" since Apple kind of does its own thing and Chromebooks are ultra-low end laptops. Thus Microsoft gets ~95% of the market for themselves.
Personally, I'd say that's a clear case of monopoly since MS controls this entire segment of "non-Apple, non-ultra low power laptop, PCs", but you're right - there are other players. The thing is, they have relatively tiny niches in which they thrive and in fact pose no threat to the monopolist.
But I now I see how you see it as an oligopoly, which is quite valid.
I recognize this post is mostly about windows, but I'd like the feedback of some Linux users who use windows, have had similar issues or can reproduce it. If nothing else, if anyone has seen this issue before, this thread will show the rest of how bad things have gotten.
TLDR: You can't install Firefox on certain windows versions unless you use the store, and even then, it's very difficult to find. I'm installing Mint on my friend's laptop Monday.
This all started with my friend having issues logging into a web portal on her personal computer. She was unable to do so on any browser on her home computer, and only on Firefox on her office computer.
When I tried to download and run the installer myself, windows refused, telling me something called s-mode was preventing me. Progressing through the dialogs, I realized the way to disable s-mode was in a greyed out foot note link a few pages back. Fuck you windows.
I go back, click the link, and I was redirected to the store with a prompt to disable s-mode, but the button to do so was greyed out and can't be clicked. It mentions you can do so by getting windows 11 pro. Fuck paying. I'll install Chocolately.
This is where it started to get REALLY. Press win key. Start typing powershell. It shows a link to me some automation app with the powershell icon. I must have mistyped something. I did it again. Powershell pops up. I wasn't convinced I typed it wrong, so I did it again. BACK TO THE AUTOMATION APP. I do it again. BACK TO POWERSHELL. I do this five or 6 times before I asked her to watch so I can confirm I'm not losing my mind.
So I click on the correct admin powershell and paste the chocolately install command. I didn't expect it to work at this point, and my suspicions were confirmed. Once again, I was redirected to the windows store. I look at the settings and several other things. Nothing. This was the point I said fuck it, I'll install it from the store. She's upset and needs it to work remotely.
I type in the search bar "firefox" and I am given 3 results: "firefox", "firefox browser", and "mozilla firefox". None of which have an icon. Everything below it, safari, chrome etc have icons! I look at every of the 'firefox' results. None actually have Firefox. But now their's Vivaldi and Duck Duck Go. It fucking had Thunderbird!
Ok. Now I am PISSED. There is only one thing left to do. Alphabetic lists. I am scrolling down the F's the rest of the day if I have to. I am finding this shit. But no alpha lists. My last hope is 'Free Apps' And I FINALLY found it!
Does anyone have any idea at all what the fuck is going on? Have you seen this or anything remotely close? Has the hive mind awoken? I do recognize this is version-dependent, and Microsoft does distributed versions and telemetry to test prereleases against hardware. I'll get her version number on Monday. And then I'm installing Mint.
The easiest, fastest way to update or install software. Ninite downloads and installs programs automatically in the background.ninite.com
Something I've wondered. One of those "too good to be true, it probably is" type things. With all the FOSS especially for linux, installing package after package because a web search said it would fix your problem, how is it Linux isn't full of malware and such?
Id like to understand better so I can explain to others who are afraid of FOSS for those reasons. My best response is that since it's open source, people can see what it's doing and would right away notice something malicious. I wouldn't, since I'm not that into code, but others would.
I've just upgraded to Fedora Workstation 42 and am now unable to activate any GNOME extensions. The little switches in the GUI do not respond and it's the same for all extensions. The Extensions and Extensions Manager apps are both installed as flatpaks - do I need to adjust their permissions in Flatseal? Is the problem due to something else? Thanks!
Edit/solution:
I totally missed the 'Use Extensions' switch at the very top. All my extensions are working on the current GNOME version (48) now. I am the most silly. Hopefully the other solutions in the comments will be useful to someone else in future š
This is really annoying.
Iām trying to use as little extensions as possible so I only use 4. 2 out of them havenāt upgraded to 48 yet and arenāt usable for now.
This is especially annoying because Iām trying to respect GnomĆ©s philosophy with my extensions..
I get you, like "been there, done that"
Nowadays I have like 10 if not 15 extensions (most of which are not essential to my workflow) and they make the already wonderful Gnome base just better for me personally
this is why I usually wait with recent distribution upgrades, another upside is: it saves me a bunch of headaches too since ā by THW time I do upgrade ā all the little bugs have usually been fixed
OS: Ubuntu 24.04
I have searched this for a while and seems i can't get my search terms right.
Back when ifuo/down system worked custom scripts were put under '/etc/network/if-up.d' etc. Now ubuntu uses netplan. But where to put custom script? That would handle tc rules in my case.
/etc/networkd-dispatcher/routable.d was told by internet but that just trows error during boot; ERROR:Unknown state for interface.
Ahh I see, I didn't know what tc was and assumed it was a typo and ignored it. I searched for a bit for your specific problem and didn't come up with much other than this:
You could also try
/usr/lib/networkd-dispatcher/routable.d/
Looks like you can also specify the scripts directoy with -S flag
manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/nā¦
My other thought is: maybe the location for the scripts is correct, but you're having another issue thats causing the unknown state error?
I havenāt tried Linux in a while and only really played around with XFCE and Cinnamon and reviving my old laptops, but Iāve just tried KDE Plasma and GNOME for a bit and DAMN they look good. Modern looking and not the weird Mica effect that Windows has. Very clean!
They both look great and I wouldnāt say one looks better than the other, just preference probably, just that GNOME looks more bubbly + rounded + bit like MacOS in a good way and Plasma looks more blocky + similar to Win10 taskbar
The touchscreen buts still appear to need a bit of work, on both Plasma and GNOME I made it freeze. For Plasma I opened the launcher button and tried to use the onscreen keyboard, and it kept on opening and closing very quickly, for GNOME I did the three finger swipe up gesture and everything became unresponsive. Also, Bluetooth weirdly doesnāt work on KDE but does on GNOME. Huh. Maybe just my device?
I really want to switch soon, maybe during the holidays Iāll get round to it š
edit: I think itās pretty crazy that a relatively small team (compared to the likes of Microsoft) can offer such a good UI and overall user experience! Thatās insane! The people who help make the distros are doing very good work and I wish them the best of luck! Hopefully the weird quirks and compatibility issues will iron out and Linux becomes mainsteam š
Ich habe eine Linux-Einsteigergruppe auf deutsch erstellt! Das Ziel ist, ohne Sprachbarriere ausschlieĆlich bei Linux zu helfen und darĆ¼ber auszutauschen.
Fortgeschrittene willkommen, um Wissen zu teilen!
Ok dann fickt euch halt XD
Auf der cooleren Instanz gibts bessere Laune
Hi, I tried using an email client over a year ago, and after trying almost all of them in the span of a week I gave up in frustration. Would anyone have a recommendation ? For an email client :
- That is actively maintained
- That is not controlled by a company that could pull a Mozilla on it (Thunderbird)
- That doesn't need 77 dependencies and 450 GB (WTF KMail š )
- That is reasonably fast and light and not too bloated (I just want to read emails, I don't need a full app suite...)
- That supports POP
- That supports writing HTML messages (sorry Claws, I really liked you but occasionally I kinda need to write formatted messages to preserve other people's sanity š
)
- That supports reading HTML messages without showing the HTML version as attachments so that every single email has the paperclip icon and I can't tell which messages have real attachments (Sylpheed I think ?)
- That supports MailDir format for portability (why isn't it the default everywhere already instead of weird non-portable formats ? š )
- If possible, that doesn't have an interface that's so awful it's a pain to find anything (Thunderbird)
I also tested Geary and another one but I don't remember much about it... I can't find out whether Geary does support POP and maildir, its documentation page is... well it's a list 8 lines long, but on a page called "Documentation" so it's technically counts as documentation I guess ? š
wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Geary/Docuā¦
Any recommendation would be greatly appreciated !
Lmao that's what ChatGPT recommended after I ranted about all the email clients I had tried š
fetchmail/getmail6 to fetch the mails via POP3 in maildir format + a local roundcube server + CLI tool to still be able to read mails outside home
but I thought I might be a bit overkill š
Installing Nvidia drivers from official repos provided by the maintainers of your distro? Easy as pie.
Installing Nvidia drivers from nvidia's website? Good luck my friend, I hope you know what you're doing.
Barely a week later and I had to do the thing. My partner uses LMDE and Nvidia 535 is the newest version in their repos, but we need nvidia 565+ for Kingdom Hearts 3.
Installing from the website wasn't as hard as I remember.
Immich 1.132 self-hosted photo and video backup solution replaces TypeORM with Kysely, introduces SQLite support, and enhances sync performance.Bobby Borisov (Linuxiac)
:ro (read only).
Is it still braking changes when upgrading to a newer version?
In the past it felt like I was running an alpha version, which I spend more time fixing it than enjoying its features.
It's not too bad once you get used to it. It's still a lot of "throw this color here, check results, looks shit, change color, rinse and repeat." QT theming is pretty similar.
I had just taken days to perfectly set up my homemade theme last distro, matching QT and GTK, only to find out I didn't like the distro. I gave up after that and just slapped Gruvbox Dark on everything.
When in doubt and the work to theme gets too much: Gruvbox, Dracula, Tomorrow/Tomorrow Night, or Solarized will cover just about everything.
Hey guys,
I use my laptop with a Windows 11 / Linux Mint dual-boot system.
Since I actually use Linux Mint 98% of the time, I wanted to ask if it is still necessary to do the system and security updates for Windows 11 as long as Windows is not needed?
Thanks for the answer. I was unsure whether it could be dangerous to the PC itself if you ignore the updates for both operating systems.
Yes, I've also read about problems with dual-boot systems after Windows updates, which is why I've refused to use Windows too often to make the updates worthwhile.
Yes, Iāve also read about problems with dual-boot systems after Windows updates, which is why Iāve refused to use Windows too often to make the updates worthwhile.
Sometimes Windows just overwrites GRUB (or whatever you use on your system) bootloader. But it's relatively easy to fix using your distro's installation media. Just in case this happens you need to refer to your distro's documentation or community forums to fix it.
I do recommend however in the future to not put Windows and Linux on the same disk, but have 2, each for respective OS. That way, there's no way Windows will touch your Linux bootloader on the other disk, and you can still allow GRUB (or other bootloader) to chain-load Windows boot manager from the other disk.
A thorough examination of the performance effects of using undefined behaviour in compiler optimizations.
Method:
1. Modifying clang to not use UB where this is possible
2. Run a large suite of benchmarks on different architectures, compare results for modified and unmodified clang
3. Do statistics on the results
4. Examine performance deviations
5. Discuss factors which could bias results.
Very good science!
Result in short:
Only on ARM and if no link-time optimization is used, a systematic small positive performance effect can be seen. For Intel and AMD CPUs, there are no systematic improvements.
Average effects are typically below 2%, which is the typical effect of system and measurement noise. Often, effects are even negative. In some cases, benchmarks show large differences, and many of these can be fixed by simple modifications to the compiler or program.
For me, this result is also not too surprising:
Well, Rust supports inline assembly as well, though it is rarely used.
Rust C++ g++ - Which programs have fastest performance?benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net
It's kind of ironic to me that Linux is all for free and open source, but still uses a proprietary platform, and a horrible one at that. Before the fediverse, I'd understand, but now, there is no excuse whatsoever.
I understand that we can't just get up and leave everything proprietary behind all at once, since we have iPhones and Android phones. We all use proprietary software of some form, but I am of the mindset of using the least amount of proprietary possible.
I will ALWAYS look for FOSS first. I also want to make it as hard as possible for any corporation to track me. They'll probably still be able to track me, but I'm not going without a fight.
I could say the same about the Linux kernel using GitHub, but I understand how massive of an undertaking it would be to move the whole kernel to another platform. I'm sure there are other factors, too. Anyway, I just wanted to start a discussion and hear people's thoughts.
Thank you
Hey all, I'm stumped for the first time since adopting Linux. I can't get Plex to see any of my folders and I cannot just move my movies to plexmediaserver because I don't have the permissions.
I'm having a hard time wrapping my head around the permissions commands and I'm not sure what the simplest way to set up my Plex library is. Has anyone been through this process that can help me out?
I remember running into this as well. It's because Plex installs itself with its own user. So post-install, you need to add the Plex account to your user Group and restart the service.
sudo usermod -a -G plex
sudo service plexmediaserver restart
Two commands and bam! You're in business.
ref: askubuntu.com/questions/458547ā¦
I have tried adding a directory outside my home directory. /media/plex and soft linked my /Videos directory to it. I have also added plex to udev group and also to my user group uid=124(plex) gi...Ask Ubuntu
We all have opinions on how to procedurally get someone started using Linux. To mixed effect. I wonder if we could be more successful if we paid closer attention to the machine between the seat and the keyboard. What mindsets can we instill in people that would increase the likelihood they stick with it? How would we go about instilling said mindsets?
I have my own opinions I will share later. I don't want to direct the conversation.
Back in the mid 2000s, we (my company) were on Windows, including three Windows 2000 Server licences. And we needed to upgrade. But it wasn't sustainable for the small company to pay for all these licences, when a free option was available.
So we slowly moved all applications over to cross-platform alternatives, Outlook to Thunderbird (called Firebird in those days), office to OpenOffice (now LibreOffice), Internet Explorer to Firefox, Corel Draw to Gimp, Company software like accounting to a XAMPP stack etc.
Once this was established and running well, we just changed the underlying platform from Windows to Ubuntu/Gnome, cursed for a few days and went on with our lives. And it worked for the past 20 years and counting. Now I am cursing, when I am forced to use Windows and can't find my butt using it.
So the mindset, if you want, was that of methodical planning and going slow, step by step. This is likely different if you're a gamer, or you need some very specialised apps, but for me, this was not the case. The games that I play, like Sudoku and Solitaire, work on any platform.
i guess convenience seekers can have linux these days. ppl don't care for the os, only for "the programs" they "need". i was agnostic to e.g. office suites (i hate em from the bottom of my heart) long before i considered trying a switch. that helped, i guess. a feature, that can only be reprocessed with a certain version of licensed software is fundamentally bullshit.
i wish people hadn't told me abt dual boot but using wine properly (or running a vm?). for windows will fuck up your boot section and that's very scary the first time, alone.
the only problem i see, is the upcoming dependency on copilot ... just leave those ppl be.
instead teach the willing some fundamentals:
$ rg -li bsd /usr 2>/dev/null | wc -l
1035en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darwin_(ā¦
OS family: Unix-like, FreeBSD, BSD
But sure, it's not a true ~~Scotsman~~ bsd.
I'm new to #Lemmy and making myself feel at home by posting a bit!
My first Linux distribution was elementary OS in early March 2020. Since then, Iāve tried Manjaro, Arch Linux, Fedora, went back to Manjaro, and since early January 2023, Iāve landed on Debian as my home in the #Linux world.
What was your first Linux distro?
The thoughtful, capable, and ethical replacement for Windows and macOSelementary.io
I have used Debian for the past 3 years, who else uses Debian?
Also, what makes you use Debian?
Switched from Ubuntu to Debian this year. With one extra GNOME package install, its basically the same without snaps, so perfect for me.
@trk@aussie.zone @ing since you mentioned Ubuntu. I also switched from Ubuntu Server to Debian for the servers, too.
It also includes a mixer for managing multiple audio sources.
Isn't that just a normal part of the/any operating system?
Well, in this case you can have different audio profiles for each channel.
About two weeks ago, I posted my frustrations with Linux, and how it seemed unstable and breaks too easily. At the time, that had been my experience every time I tried Linux over the last 20 years.
But I made an effort to persist, tried some other distros, and found my happy place!
Thank you to the people who sent me on the path of "atomic" distros, and mentioning the likes of Bazzite, Bluefin, and Aurora (All from the Universal Blue group).
The last two weeks have been pure Linux joy on my daily-driver (Framework laptop), with only a few problem-solving expeditions.
I was looking for stability, and got it!
As a Windows user since the 90s, it's such a breath of fresh air to use an OS that's clean and designed to serve me (and not the corporation in charge!).
And I've also replaced windows on the minipc hooked up to our family room TV, and will also replace Windows that I've got on a lesser used desktop.
It's exciting to see just how far Linux has come, and even though I'll likely need to learn some terminal commands, I don't feel it's necessary for most people to even get into that.
The GUI in both KDE and Gnome already offer more than Windows. And I'll never have to see those goddamn pop-ups and banners about Office 365, OneDrive, or Xbox, at least not outside a VM!)
Freeeeeedom!
Thanks again!
Do you think Aurora is a good choice for beginners? A friend of mine wants to switch and I'm still looking for a good match.
It should be immutable, use KDE, have Nvidia drivers pre-installed (or a easy UI for installing them), not be maintained by a single maintainer and should not have non-OS applications like Steam pre-installed.
Aurora so far seems to be the best choice.
Bring the Affinity Suite to Linux - #AffinityOnLinux
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Basically the forced shift to the enshittified Windows 11 in october has me eyeing the fence a lot. But all I know about Linux is 1: it's a cantankerous beast that can smell your fear and lack of computer skills and 2: that's apparently not true any more? Making the change has slowly become a more real possibility for me, though I'm pretty much a fairly casual PC-user, I don't do much more than play games. So I wrote down some questions I had about Linux.
Will my ability to play games be significantly affected compared to Windows?
Can I mod games as freely and as easily as I do on Windows?
If a program has no Linux version, is it unusable, or are there workarounds?
Can Linux run programs that rely on frameworks like .NET or other Windows-specific libraries?
How do OS updates work in Linux? Is there a "Linux Update" program like what Windows has?
How does digital security work on Linux? Is it more vulnerable due to being open source? Is there integrated antivirus software, or will I have to source that myself?
Are GPU drivers reliable on Linux?
Can Linux (in the case of a misconfiguration or serious failure) potentially damage hardware?
And also, what distro might be best for me?
Will my ability to play games be significantly affected compared to Windows?
Depends. Single player games are basically a non-issue. Multiplayer games however? The major anti-cheat systems support linux but it's up to the Devs. They can (and many do) disable support for it regardless if it runs well on linux.
Can I mod games as freely and as easily as I do on Windows?
I'm not going to say "yes", because modding can be dodgy, but in my experience I have never had any difference.
If a program has no Linux version, is it unusable, or are there workarounds?
Could you narrow it down to some programs? The only answer here is "It depends".
Can Linux run programs that rely on frameworks like .NET or other Windows-specific libraries?
Depends on the framework, but .NET is open source and supported on Linux
How does digital security work on Linux? Is it more vulnerable due to being open source? Is there integrated antivirus software, or will I have to source that myself?
Ehhhhhh.....yes but no. OpenSource does mean you loose security through obscurity. But it also means you have a large community of people auditing the code for said vulnerabilities. The decentralized nature of the Linux ecosystem also means bugs can be fixed faster.
Ultimately it doesn't matter. The same rules apply as Windows. Keep your system updated, don't be an idiot, and you've solved most security issues.
Are GPU drivers reliable on Linux?
AMD? Generally yes.
NVIDIA? .....better than it was a few years ago. Best to ask around about your specific model
Can Linux (in the case of a misconfiguration or serious failure) potentially damage hardware?
Theoretically but that's true of all software (including windows). You'll be fine, don't sweat this.
How do OS updates work in Linux? Is there a "Linux Update" program like what Windows has?
You click the "Update" button in your Distros "App Store" (it's not an app store but....essentially the same thing) or type in the upgrade command into a Command Line. Then you walk away for a few minutes, brew a cuppa, comment on the weather, and then get back to it. Occasionally you might need to restart but it's not too common.
Now....there's a lot more complexity here that I almost wrote up, but for someone new? This is all you need to know.
And also, what distro might be best for me?
"Just tell me what to use": That would be Linux Mint Cinnamon Edition. It's simple, it has everything you'll want, it looks nice.
If you want some other options that are popular with beginners you can look at:
Watch some videos on them and decide which one looks like the one you would like to use. Just focus on the UI because that's the only real important thing you'd need to worry about right now. You can go into the more advanced options when you have a good foundation.
I'm a newcomer to Linux (only about a year in), but here's what I've got so far:
Will my ability to play games be significantly affected compared to Windows?
Mine wasn't at all. Valve has done a lot of work to make this seamless so that more games can be played on the Steam Deck. Check the Proton DB to see what your games look like.
Can I mod games as freely and as easily as I do on Windows?
I have very little experience with this, but probably. Linux users tend to be tinkerers.
If a program has no Linux version, is it unusable, or are there workarounds?Can Linux run programs that rely on frameworks like .NET or other Windows-specific libraries?
Same answer for both: There's Wine, and a whole bunch of setup scripts that can get even stuff like Adobe Creative Suite working with it. Worst case scenario, there's VirtualBox for the one or two apps you might need to run Windows for. But I find that the open source options, while they might have a learning curve, tend to be substantially better than either of those options.
How do OS updates work in Linux? Is there a "Linux Update" program like what Windows has?
More or less, but you can pick and choose what updates you want to install and when. Most distros have a package manager that'll let you update the kernel, the drivers, the middleware, the desktop environment, all your apps, and even the package manager itself on your schedule, from one interface. You can also just ignore it and never update anything, though I wouldn't recommend that.
How does digital security work on Linux?
Very well. It's much more locked-down by default, for one thing.
Is it more vulnerable due to being open source?
Quite the opposite. Open source projects are well known for being less vulnerable out of the box; Linux in particular is used by huge companies as a lightweight server OS, so it has a lot of highly-paid people committing security fixes back down to the open source project.
Is there integrated antivirus software, or will I have to source that myself?
Antivirus is a bandaid on Windows, provided because the OS was written with certain naive assumptions that let attackers get access they shouldn't have. On Linux, those assumptions were not made. No application can be installed without your root password, for instance; downloaded files can't even be executed without specifically making them executable; and access to edit system files is restricted by a very robust permissions system.
All of that, plus Linux's much lower market share, also means that no malware authors are really wasting their time trying to write Linux malware. The attack vector just isn't worth the extra effort.
So no, there's no integrated antivirus; but for most users in most situations, it's not needed at all.
Are GPU drivers reliable on Linux?
Your mileage may vary significantly, but anecdotally it seems like most architectures from AMD and Nvidia have good support.
Can Linux (in the case of a misconfiguration or serious failure) potentially damage hardware?
Maybe, but like with Windows, I assume you have to really go out of your way to do so.
And also, what distro might be best for me?
I've only used Ubuntu and Mint. Mint has so far been the easiest and most user-friendly of the two. It's also regularly touted as the best for newcomers.
I tried running a 2nd instance of Roblox simultaneously on macos 15 with another account but this shows up, if my mac can handle it then why can't it just let me do it? If I have two copies of an app like Roblox in separate User/Applications folders, macos moves them to the /Applications/ folder.
Sometimes it won't run apps claiming to be corrupted, so I then have to do sudo xattr -cr /Applications/someapp.app in the terminal and they run perfectly fine. It always nags me if I download apps from anywhere but mac app store. Some of these messages can only be gotten rid of by disabling system integrity protection, but then macos blocks you from running MAS apps due to having "permissive security".
I don't daily drive macOS anymore, I switched to Linux on my M1 mac where I can do whatever the hell I want.
There are many different signals the OS sends to applications which are kinda like "Can you kill yourself?" or "Please kill yourself" or "I will kill you" to close it. In computer teminology, there is "close", "terminate" and "kill" types of signals. These are used so that applications can have time to perform closing tasks (like saving) when neceassary and if they misbehave, just "kill" it.
Now both windows and linux have these types of signals. In fact every OS has it.
I beleive this is the reason this meme exists:
When the user tries to shut a app in windows (throught close button or task manager) windows will wait and not give any option to immediately kill the app. Hence some apps don't close even after using end task. Only if the app freezes for some time will it give the option for force quit, ~~no other way~~ (edit: it exists). In linux, its the same as windows and limux waits for app to close. But the difference is that option to kill is available anytime in linux and basically gives the user full control. Although kill option in linux may be hidden as a way for users not to use it unless necassary as applications may not like it.
Shutdown process of both OS is same, they wait for all apps to shut by semding "please close" signal and if they misbehave, option to "shutdown anyways" will be shown to the user, basically killing all apps.
The meme is not correct and is just a steorotype of different OSes. This steorotype comes from how people normally experinece different OS culture and practices. Both OSes have same process of managing apps. Both OSes will wait for process to close if it freezes and give option to user to force quit.
SIGKILL in the meme is coreect only for the right panel of the meme and the left panel is actually a SIGTERM (or something else which means "please close", don't remember)
The only thing the meme should emphasis is how the user is given full control to do in linux (even deleting the kernel) while windows is careful to not let users do something stupid.
Edit: Killing apps in windows can be done on demand through cmd using taskkill command
Happy Easter holidays!
we made fruitful use of this time to provide you a nice surprise.The independent, community controlled distribution OpenMandriva Lx 6.0 fixed point release (as opposed to the rolling release branch), is out right now.
Happy Easter holidays! we made fruitful use of this time to provide you a nice surprise. The independent, community controlled distribution OpenMandriva Lx 6.0 fixed point release (as opposed to theā¦OpenMandriva
Nice to see that Mandriva is still alive and kicking. Used it when it was still "Mandrake". Started as a recompile of RedHat optimized for 586, iirc.
What's the USP for Mandriva these days?
Mandriva is gone, but there's a couple of projects carrying its legacy. OpenMandriva is one of them, obviously. Mandrake was my first distro too, so I have a soft spot for it.
From my perspective, OpenMandriva's biggest strengths are that it's independent, non-derivative, community driven, and based in Europe. Unfortunately it's also small, but the people behind it seemingly do a lot with very little, so the community is passionate about the project.
Personally I'm just happy that there are smaller, non-corporate distros still out there providing alternatives. And OMLx seems like a pretty solid distro at that.
For their selling pitch, you can check their FAQ.
I first started using Manjaro after being on Debian/Ubuntu derivatives for years. Mint used to be my daily driver, then LMDE for a while. After struggling with Endeavour OS, through 2 or 3 breaking updates requiring a reinstall I made Manjaro with KDE Plasma my home for several years.
Manjaro was stable and, I thought blazing fast, compared to Mint. Everything just worked and was cutting edge. I thought my distro hopping days were over and I found the one that works for me.
Recently I've been reading about Cachy OS and decided to give it a whirl on my test Dell Latitude. Turns out that, I had no idea how fast and lean Linux could be on that off-lease business laptop! I know have it installed on my main Laptop and it's leaps and bounds faster than Manjaro, has none of the bloat and just works! I know it's early, but I think I have found a new home! I have timeshift set up just in case, so I'll see how stable it is over the next few months, but so far I am impressed.
Highly recommend everyone who's into Arch and rolling release to try it.
i get a little annoyed at posts that start with broad statements like "is linux actually ready for the average user?" but then it's just someone asking for help to fix a problem they have with their sources.list or whatever. it's not a massive problem, but it's misleading and it feels borderline inflammatory sometimes
please tell when you're asking for help
ty
A revolution is supposed to change things. Looking at things today, the only revolutionary idea left is to make society reflect the best of us instead of the worst. Most people prefer kindness and love. But lacking these values allows others to thrive in our world. They spend their time deceiving and exploiting the rest of us, people trying to enjoy life and things that bring joy and love. We can't do that by spending all our time dealing with the sad creepy weirdos ruining everyone's lives. So they're been able to shape the world. The only revolution left is to build something to undo what they've done. We need a force for love in the world.
This begins with anyone who thinks it's silly to to expect love to play a major role in society and our future. They have to question who taught them how the world works. They have to wonder why they think that way ā because the power of love is not a revolutionary concept. Something else convinced them.
Education is designed by politicians also responsible for war; news comes from corporations whose purpose is exploitation of anyone and thing possible. No wonder people think a more loving world seems like fantasy. Everything seems designed to make us think so.
The internet makes it undeniable that knowledge and tech are fueling hate, greed, ignorance in every heart, every family, community, country. What's not so obvious is how to teach people what's wrong: that knowledge should not be controlled by politicians and the rich.
If we want a revolution to actually change things, it means we need to liberate knowledge from politicians and the rich. A goal like that depends on people understanding why people don't understand it. So instead, we could hope the state of the world's enough to convince people what's wrong.
To literally free knowledge, we have to free the people responsible for it, every individual and group, all the research universities, all focused globally on the same goal: to save the future. What's more loving than that?
The key to a revolution based on love in the world is to build something free of the people who disagree, the hateful, greedy, ignorant, whatever. That's possible with the internet, where we can work together to organize ourselves, our knowledge, our resources.
The first, most important step in the only revolution we have left is to create our own democratic corporation. The only way we can confront the multinationals exploiting us is with our own. The concept of democorporation coordinates all people and groups worldwide, anyone free to share their knowledge how to build this future. It begins with whatever individuals, corporations, institutions of knowledge who don't require liberating to help. They can help free the others, they can set the foundation so Democorporation can challenge the multinational corporations pillaging the planet and threatening the future.
Democorporation can only begin in as a social network because that's how the people can best support it. Participation, data, advertising can help funding. But more importantly is to be democratic. People need this network to vote and express how to build their future. With online users, volunteers, donors, employees and investors all expressing their perspectives, they offer the most balanced democracy and leadership possible.
When we have a social network that we own, uniting the world in our own democracy, we achieve the goal of any great revolution: we establish our own republic. Interepublic has the benefit of a corporation being able to limit, exclude and fire people who don't want it to succeed. That overcomes the problem of real world countries: we're all stuck with people who want our governments to fail, who want others to suffer. As antidotes to the hate in society, Interepublic and Democorporation become outlets of love for the world. That's what we're missing, and it's all we need to change history.
This revolution is global resistance against everything dividing us and everyone exploiting us. It is the ārebellion of people coming togetherā. Interepublic and Democorporation use the internet to create leverage that's never been available before. But only if people agree love is necessary to fix what's wrong. Nothing else will bring us together.
That sounds good until you remember there is no planning how to capture love. You just express it and hope your love is reciprocated...but this isn't a teenager working up the courage to call his first love. This is the world, and all these ideas and plans that express my love only work if people understand the love I've already poured into it.
To make this revolution truly new, truly revolutionary, it begins with something as intimate and personal as love, one stranger to another. So when I profess my love for the world, I risk the worst kind of heartbreak imaginable. Maybe that risk is proof enough? To trust who I am, my motivation, I have to be honest even it's humiliating for me. That's how to explain what it took for me to do this. No one happy with the world would.
Because here's the thing...I do not want to do this. I think it's inhuman and inhumane to be put in a position like this. It is a constant fight against myself, doing what's right while ruining my life. I'm losing because the world keeps getting worse, so I feel sick with guilt and torture more ideas out of myself.
And I can't describe this inner conflict without describing my the kind of sad life that makes someone do this. If I loved myself enough, I would never be in this position. It is a living nightmare. Doing this means I love the world more than myself...too bad it feels like such an abusive relationship.
Think about it: someone's not gonna spend their life on this, decades of trial and error, if they've experienced the best of the world, love, family. My life began in stress. Now that I accomplished my goal, I'm left psychologically devastated by it. I'm in a place of responsibility no one should be. And worst of all it seems to piss people off that I even tried?
Your reaction decides if this love is reciprocated. If it is we create a love story like no other. And if not, I can hope failure and tragedy might do a better job of finding help than if I'm alive. A win-win for the world, just not for me...what's more loving than that?
For me personally, my love for the world would be reciprocated by freeing me from this stress and responsibility. Maybe the most revolutionary thing here is that I want nothing to do with politics or business. This is a first step in an ongoing process to remove myself from this insanely stressful situation, and it's quite elaborate.
The most genius thing I did was to create a story/fantasy/metaphor/game that lets me help without being directly involved. Two birds, one stone. If I can make it entertaining, I can earn money and raise attention. Four birds, one stone.
To put this in context, I've set up a political-economic-societal plan, but I also imagined a metaphorical story to promote knowledge the way religions promotes belief. It's a modern mythology, and it's for people how can't understand the liberation of knowledge. The goals for the real world and the fantasy story are the same: a search for a more loving world. And they begin the same: with your choice what happens to me.
Our world is built on the same choice we make whether to help others or not. If people form this bond with me and help me survive what's coming, those bonds, the knot of love and connection form the foundation for this revolution and the loving world it would create.
Love would be the seed for everything that grows from here, so Interepublic and Democorporation are literally born and grow shaped by love. And the world gains what it's missing most, a force to fight for the best of us against the worst.
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Hopefully this kind of post isn't too tired, but I figure it's my turn:
Finally decided to, after absolutely refusing to upgrade to 11, make the jump from Win10 to Linux! Been hopping around distros a bit and landed on EndeavourOS last night and I'm really enjoying it so far.
It's definitely tinkery and took me like 2 hours just to get my push to talk working in Discord (mostly due to my own lack of knowledge), but I love the level of control of everything you have (was on Pop!_OS before ~~š¤®~~, edit: no hate, just wasn't for me!)
There's definitely never been a better time to switch and I'm very excited for when I inevitably brick my shit and come back here for help, so thanks in advance everyone! š
Yea im about to switch myself. Been looking at suggestions and stuff, probably gonna start with Mint myself.
Many different sources advise putting it on a flashdrive first and loading from there, to start. Make sure I like it.
But the end goal, eventually, would be to remove windows from the comp entirely, right? Eventually installing my chosen distro as the OS on the computer itself? Does that sound about right?
For me, I've been throwing distros on a spare SSD so I could test run in a proper install, but I'm sure a thumbdrive would be fine. Just keep in mind that you might get some hangs and things will be slower due to the speed of the drive, rather than the inefficiencies of the OS you end up on. If you want to test out specific programs or games or something, you can always do what I did and put them on a separate faster storage drive (I'm on SATA SSD for my OS right now, but am putting other things on NVME).
As I mentioned elsewhere, I still have my Windows on another drive so I can boot to it if I need to, but I honestly haven't needed to even once since switching, so I'll probably end up just switching to VM only for anything that requires Windows fairly soon here.
The transition has been much simpler and smoother than I ever had imagined.
NVK is now a conformant Vulkan 1.4 implementation on NVIDIA Maxwell, Pascal, and Volta GPUs!Collabora | Open Source Consulting
Thanks for such a detailed explanations. That's what I meant, I would love to avoid official drivers headache that causes you to avoid recommend Nvidia. Still there are some things that you cannot avoid it. Things I have in mind are better than AMD / Intel GPU with Mesa:
- Blender
- ML / AI / CUDA and so on
- DaVinci Resolve (and other creative stuff like Blender above)
- RayTracing
- DLSS (FSR is catching up but this is #1)
I would love the Nvidia support just to be stable.
for the encoding and decoding I would choose Intel.
For gaming AMD as I'm currently right now with Bazzite.
At least the situation will get better.
Nouveau's kernel driver is a horrible mess, so I'm looking forward to Nova, if it ever gets ready.
For older (pre-about-RTX 2000-series) cards, the kernel driver had to do a lot, and Nouveau had to reverse engineer most things. Now, Nvidia has moved most of the proprietary magic into something called the GSP (GPU System Processor), which is a small processor (RISC-V, IIRC) which does many things the kernel driver did previously, like reclocking. This, in addition to the official open kernel drivers should make developing a new FOSS Nvidia driver a lot easier. RedHat's Nova (and I think Nvidia's open driver) only support cards with a GSP for this reason.
NVK is very impressive for such a new unofficia Nvidia driver in my opinion. If I remember correctly, they said that they'll focus more on optimization now that it's conformant.
When/if Nova is ready, it will finally be possible to use a Rust graphics driver stack on Linux outside of Asahi.
If you have any questions remaining, just ask.
Edit:
So the closed source GSP firmware blob has 3 "good" points:
1. The closed source parts are limited to inside the GPU.
2. It moves a lot of work away from the kernel driver.
3. It allows open source drivers to support HDMI 2.1 & later.
The HDMI Forum decided some time ago that HDMI was too open. Now, for the newer versions, the license doesn't allow open source implementations. Nvidia gets around this with proprietary GSP firmware inside the GPU (even with official open source drivers, not sure about Nouveau) and Intel with GPU firmware or an internal adapter, depending on the GPU (if I've understood correctly). Only AMD doesn't support the newest HDMI version.
Brief summary of the problem: I have a RX 6800 XT connected to a LG B9 TV via HDMI. As both...GitLab
This scoring system evaluates how decentralized and self-hostable a platform is, based on four core metrics.
| Metric | Weight | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Top Provider User Share | 30 | Measures how many users are on the largest instance. Full points if <20%; 0 if >80%. |
| Top Provider Content Share | 30 | Measures how much content is hosted by the largest instance. Full points if <20%; 0 if >80%. |
| Ease of Self-Hosting: Server | 20 | Technical ease of running your own backend. Full points for simple setup with good docs. |
| Ease of Self-Hosting: User Interface | 20 | Availability and usability of clients. Full points for accessible, FOSS, multi-platform clients. |
| Platform | Score | Visualization |
|---|---|---|
| š§ Email | 95 | š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š© |
| š¹ Lemmy | 79 | š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š© |
| š Mastodon | 74 | š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š© |
| š£ PeerTube | 94 | š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š©š© |
| š¼ Pixelfed | 42 | š§š§š§š§š§š§š§š§ |
| šµ Bluesky | 14 | š„š„š„ |
| š„ Reddit | 3 | š„ |
Total: 95/100
Total: 79/100
Total: 74/100
Total: 94/100
Total: 42/100
Total: 14/100
Total: 3/100
This measures how many users are on the largest provider (or instance).
Score = 30 Ć (1 - (TopProviderShare - 20) / 60)
ā¦but only if TopProviderShare is between 20% and 80%.
If below 20%, full 30. If above 80%, zero.
If one provider has 40% of all users:
ā Score = 30 Ć (1 - (40 - 20) / 60) = 30 Ć (1 - 0.43) = 17.1 points
These scores measure how easy it is for individuals or communities to run their own servers or use clients.
This looks at how technically easy it is to run your own backend (e.g., email server, Mastodon server) or User Interface (e.g., web-interface or mobile-app)
This is a work in progress and may contain mistakes. If you have ideas or suggestions for improvement, feel free to let me know.
Source: github.com/NoBadDays/decentralā¦
Check the factors that might make Bluesky significantly different from its competitors.Adam Warski (SoftwareMill)
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The scoring system is basically there to put a number on "How free are users and hosts of a platform to move around?"
Or "How much power is in the hands of the people and not a few companies?"
For me Email scores very high in this regard.
As far as I know most Lemmy instances leverages paid-for or freemium services to have their instances work easily/properly
Then please update your category name to reflect that. Right now it says "Self-Hosting" which to the majority of readers means hosting it yourself, whatever the reason may be: privacy, configurability or just being safe from future enshittification.
As far as I know most Lemmy instances leverages paid-for or freemium services to have their instances work easily/properly
Yes but you can't compare a whole lemmy instance to an account on an email server that you share with others. The fair comparison would be hosting a lemmy instance to hosting your own email server and creating an account on Proton Mail to creating an account (or a community) on lemmy.world.
cross-posted from: lemm.ee/post/56496251
I'd like to add to suggest a couple of things regarding Mastodon and user onboarding/retention.
The Server Selection Problem^TM^
The single biggest problem with Mastodon adoption is the fact people see talk about a server and give up. As such, servers need to be removed from the conversation and onboarding process. A server still needs to be selected for a new user, however, which raises the question: How should we select a server for a new user?The obvious solution is to simply direct users to mastodon.social, which is actually what Mastodon already does to a certain extent. The issue with this is that the Fediverse is meant to be decentralized. As such, it's counterproductive to funnel people towards a single server. This causes maintenance bottlenecks and privacy/data-protection concerns.
As such, there needs to be some sort of method that ranks servers based on a few factors in order to select the optimal server for any given user, while keeping the decentralized nature of the Fediverse in mind.
Why any server?
First, it's important to answer the question of why would any given user pick any given server.Generally speaking, the server isn't a big deal, as in, any server allows users to interact with the whole of the network in its full capacity.
All servers are Mastodon, after all.
However, there are differences. The most significant ones are, I'd say: location, uptime, and language.
A user benefits from being registered to a server that's geographically close to them, as that leads to a better connection. Additionally, servers with high uptime and stability are preferred, as users may have different times they use the server and nobody likes to try and access a server and see that it's down for any number of reasons. Finally, users need to be able to understand the language the server is in (obviously).
I believe these three factors should be at the forefront of the decision-making process for deciding what server to be suggested to any given user on sign-up.
Auto-selector
With that, comes the solution: a server auto-selector. A game I play, DCSS, actually does something similar for online play.
(I have my location turned off and there are very few servers, as you can see, so listing them is trivial.)This isn't exactly a novel scientific breakthrough, but I think it's a significant notion for helping the onboarding process for new Mastodon users.
A server auto-selector should filter servers to suggest by following these steps:
- Detect the user's system language.
- Detect the user's location.
- Calculate the server's uptime score.
- Pseudo-rank user-count.I believe the first two points are self-explanatory. Being that Mastodon (and the Fediverse, in general) stands firmly against data-harvesting, location data should probably not be mandatorily collected. It should be easy to either ask the user for some vague information or simply allow them to skip this step entirely, even if it might affect the user experience. Additionally, there's the issue that many servers don't make it known where they're hosted. Ideally, this could change to facilitate server selection for the users, but there's always the point that, if a server doesn't say where it's hosted, it gets pulled down by the algorithm, which in turn encourages divulging that kind of information; this might a problem solved by the solution, if you get my meaning.
What I mean by uptime score is simply an evaluation of the server's uptime history. For example, it's not good policy to direct users towards servers that are often unavailable, it might be disadvantageous to direct users to servers with too-frequent downtime for maintenance, and so on. As such, the server auto-selector should calculate a sort of "score" for any server that fits the first two points. I can't say how this should be calculated, exactly, but I'm sure some computer-knowers out there can come up with a less-than-terrible methodology for this.
The last point is something that I think should be taken into account as well, regarding the user-count of the servers. As I mentioned, we can't funnel users towards a single server, but another issue is that we should actually encourage user dispersion over many servers. The outlined method might already do this to a sufficient extent, but I suggest doing some sort of randomization of filtered servers based on user-count. I think it's wrong to simply plug a new user into the least-populated server around, but I do think that over-populated servers, in a relative sense, should be discouraged by the server-selector.
Worst case scenario, a random server that passes the uptime score point can be selected for any new user.
The onboarding experience
Basically, this should be as simple as possible. The more questions need to be answered, the worse.I think a simple "Join Mastodon" button is the best. Just a big blue button in the middle of the homepage.
Server selection should start as soon as the new user accesses the joinmastodon website, and clicking the button simply redirects the user to the sign-up process for that server.
I believe this approach would increase adoption of Mastodon by streamlining the server selection process, as well as help the continuous decentralization of the Fediverse.
The Feed Problem
Another significant issue with Mastodon is the feed and community/discovery aspects.Creating a new Mastodon account yields... Nothing. An empty feed!
This is absolutely terrible and ruins user retention. I've had several people tell me that this first-experience emptiness completely turned them off from Mastodon. It's not intuitive, and it needs to be corrected.
A simple solution
Mastodon does have feeds, but they're all tucked away in the Explore and Live Feeds tabs.I think the single biggest change that Mastodon can make, as far as this goes, is to shift the Explore->Posts feed to the Home tab. Just do it like Twitter or Bluesky, make the discovery feed the first thing a new user encounters.
That, by itself, should make a difference in terms of user retention.
Maybe I'm delusional and severely underestimating how doable this is, but I really believe Mastodon needs to change the way it deals with new users if we want it to actually grow into a strong social media, keyword social (it needs people).
Thoughts?
Hello folks. I use many distro from Debian to Fedora to OpenSuse and Arch. I also use many window managers like i3, dwm and qtile. On desktop environment, I use XFCE the most. Currently, I am looking to try something new, hence KDE.
I am looking for something with a beautiful UI and works out of the box. So, something on the same spectrum as XFCE but more pretty.
So, I tried out the distros with preinstalled KDE: Fedora KDE, Manjaro KDE, Kubuntu.
The good: KDE is beautiful and very easy to use. I actually enjoy using my computer more.
The bad: it crashes.. a lot even when I turn off all the animations. My system is not that slow: AMD 7 Pro with 64 GB of RAM. Some examples:
As much as I hate GNOME, everything just works. I installed the GNOME flavors of above distros and never experience any hiccups.
If KDE works for you, do you use a preinstalled distro and which one? How about if you install KDE from scratch, like Arch?
KDE Manjaro running on 4 or 5 of my machines, pure stability. It sounds like a hardware issue.
Here are my suggestions to diagnose this.
Option 1. Setup an ssh server, connect from a second computer (or phone via Termux), execute $journalctl -fe, and observe the journal from your second device when the crash occurs. That should help pinpoint the issue.
Option 2. If you don't have a second device, use a non-gui tty, access via Ctrl+Alt+F1. (Usually terminals are available F1 thru F6). Once again execute $journalctl -fe and observe it during the crash.
Tbh option 2 may just be easier especially if you have minimal knowledge of ssh. Good luck, ping me back if you find this helpful and would like more perspective, and apologies if this doesn't help you.
If the entire computer crashes, boot into a terminal and browse journalctl history of previous boots, sorry I don't have these commands off the top of my head but if you need them and ask I will get them for you.
KDE just works on my machine, which is lower specs than yours. I've never had it crash. I use Endeavor OS, so it came with it by default (which was part of the reason I chose it).
Edit: I don't do much tweaking of the KDE settings other than the main color scheme. I also have never had an issue with waking from sleep on Endeavor (but I recall in years past that was an issue with most distros I tried and unrelated to KDE since I was less a fan of its style back then and didn't use KDE). My set up is a normal desktop PC that I use daily for everything, including gaming.
audaxdreik
in reply to brownmustardminion • • •EDIT: More information provided. I disagree with the upvoted comment implying you should leave your system alone because you might break something. You're using Arch, and part of the reason to use Arch is understanding how you built and maintain your system. Understanding how to inspect your system and perform proper maintenance is a crucial part of that. Read and think carefully before taking any actions and make sure any important information is backed up before taking major actions. Without throwing too much further shade, I find it disappointing so many in the community would take that stance and discourage you from pursuing this further.
When I switched to Arch, I started a notebook in Obsidian with a bunch of different information in it, I have a section devoted to Maintenance. Here are a few things I've put in there:
Clean package cache with paccache: ostechnix.com/recommended-way-ā¦
Clean orphaned dependencies:
sudo pacman -Rs $(pacman -Qtdq)- man.archlinux.org/man/pacman.8ā¦
- Qtdg, Q (Query) t (unrequired) d (dependencies) g (groups)
- Rs, R (Remove) s (recursive)
Additionally, you can run
pacman -Qeto list the packages you yourself have explicitly installed with pacman, orpacman -Qdtto list the packages that are dependencies of other packages. Usepacman -Qmto list packages not found in the official repositories (i.e., things installed through yay). This will allow you to review packages you may have explicitly installed in the past for some reason, but now find you no longer need.For yay, I'm unsure if I should be using
-Yc,-Sc, or-Scc. If anyone has more info with that, I'd appreciate it.For flatpak:
flatpak uninstall --unusedAnd for journals:
journalctl --vacuum-time 7daysThat's most of the "automatic" stuff, cruft that can be cleaned out with little to no consequence. Other than that, you'll just have to manually review what you have on your system.
If anyone has other commands or comments on the ones I provided, I'd be happy to accept further advice here as well š
The Recommended Way To Clean The Package Cache In Arch Linux
sk (OSTechNix)Eugenia
in reply to brownmustardminion • • •Termight
in reply to brownmustardminion • • •superkret
in reply to brownmustardminion • • •Just leave it. Either they do something in the background. Then you'll get issues when they're missing, and you'll never know which package is missing for what.
Or they don't do anything, then they just take up a few MB of disk space.
"Cleaning up" is the most sure-fire way to destroy your OS, and absolutely not worth anyone's time. Trust me, I've made that mistake multiple times.