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Yeah, I just checked the logs with journalctl /usr/bin/Hyprland. You won't believe what it said.
``` [LOG] Hyprland PID: 7331 [LOG] Hyprland Version: 0.48.1-dev+ (git commit: feedbeef4dead) [LOG] Built: 2025-01-27 [LOG] OS: Arch Linux (Stallman-Approved* Edition) *Approval pending code audit [LOG] GPU: Intel Integrated Graphics (Trying its best under ideological scrutiny) [LOG] Monitors: 1 AOC (Currently displaying philosophical paradox) [LOG] Running on XWayland: Only for non-free blobs (shame!)
[INFO] Initializing Hyprland... Preparing for purity inspection. [INFO] Loading config from /home/user/.config/hyprland/hyprland.conf [INFO] wlroots: Initializing DRM backend. [WARN] Ambient Freedom Levels detected: 98% (Dangerously high for proprietary hardware!) Source seems localized to... desk peripherals. [WARN] Analyzing visual input field... Multiple instances of stallman_visage.jpeg detected taped to monitor bezel and desk surface. [ERROR] Potential Purity Overflow detected! Excessive whitespace concentration in peripheral visual field identified as 'rms_white_liquid_anomaly'. [ERROR] Specifically correlating anomaly with: - Photo ID: RMS_Laptop_Rocks.jpg (High concentration near shirt area) - Photo ID: RMS_Boat_Ponder.jpg (Moderate concentration, background water reflection misinterpreted?) - Photo ID: RMS_Desk_Stare.jpg (Critical concentration, direct optical path to sensor) [ERROR] Compositor attempting to render scene, but framebuffer contaminated with recursive 'freedom.h' includes apparently leaked from white pixel data. [FATAL] GPU context lost. Reason Code: 0xDEADRMS (Driver unable to handle ideological load). Possible short circuit caused by concentrated freedom particles (aka 'white liquid'). [LOG] Received signal 11 (SIGSEGV) at address 0x474E554C494E5558 (ASCII: GNULINUX)
Backtrace: #0 0x... intel_dri_bo_map() <-- Mapping failed, possibly due to freedom interference #1 0x... CRenderer::renderScene() <-- Scene contaminated #2 0x... CCompositor::renderFrameForMonitor() <-- Monitor displaying pure ideology now #3 0x... main_loop() <-- Loop couldn't handle the truth #4 0x... libc_start_main() ... (stack trace obscured by what appears to be... beard hair?)
[CRITICAL] Hyprland Crashed. SIGSEGV. Probable Cause: Exposure to concentrated doses of Richard Stallman via photographic prints. The 'white liquid' (high-intensity whitespace/purity) from the photos appears to have overloaded the rendering pipeline. Recommend shielding hardware or using less ideologically charged desk decorations.```
Wanted to share an anecdote (I hope that's OK). I jumped to Linux on my gaming pc last August (Bazzite) and I've been having a blast. Almost everything works either out of the box or with a minor tweak (the tweak being updating Proton). But I am the sole linux user in my D&D/gaming group, so obviously this is the source of some of our banter.
Last night, we decided to play some Valheim. Bought it before switching to Linux and never tried it, so steam had to install some compatibilty stuff. But once everything was installed, it too worked like a charm (surprise surprise). We were having fun, sailing around on our ~~crappy raft~~ mighty longship and striking a nice pose while doing so. I decided to take a screenshot, but didn't know if there was a keybind to disable the HUD, so I asked the two more experienced Valheimers with whom I was playing. Neither of them knew it by heart, but one of them looked it up. He said: "It should be Ctrl + F3". I tried it and it didn't work for me, but it did for him. "Wow, imagine playing on linux where nothing works" our other friend chimed in (jokely, don't worry). Our first, more helpful friend said: "Maybe try Ctrl + Alt + F3?" So I did. Then, my whole computer froze, just as we landed on the edge of a dark forest with our raft. I thought: Oh fuck what did I do this time. Pressing again didn't help, but after about 20/30 seconds, I was greeted with a shell login. Now I could hear my friends and the game in the background again, and they could hear me, but all I saw was a shell. I decided to log in, and still only got a shell. So, as my friends were frantically fighting a skeleton, I was searching for what on earth happened, and, more importantly, how to fix it.
Thankfully, I wasn't the first idiot to start pressing random buttons on their Linux system, and someone had this exact issue years back as well. I had a quick read, and learned that apparently the Ctrl + Alt + Fx buttons switch between virtual terminals. The post on the Ubuntu forums mentioned needing to switch to terminal 7 (Ctrl + Alt + F7), which also didn't work. But trying the other buttons, I found that the desktop environment is on terminal 2 (at least on Bazzite/Fedora).
And the funny thing here is that, even though I was essentially gone for a full minute, maybe a minute and a half, my character was fine, my Linux naysayer friend had died to a skeleton, and I had learned something new about our great OS 😀
i‘m glad you learned about how to switch tty! now this is a very rare situation, but if you log into your computer, then switch to some tty, log in there too, do things, lock it, and leave the computer, the other tty is still unlocked because you need to lock both the tty you logged into. i know this is a super rare/ hypothetical situation, but i think you should know.
TTY's are one of those thing that aren't as often required these days as they used to be, but - and trust me on this - should you ever encounter one of the increasingly rare situations where you really need them, you'll suddenly be very, very glad they exist.
Valheim runs natively on linux. No need to install compatability layers. Can also probably use steams screenshot button or whatever your desktop enviroment uses.
Ah then I don't know what steam was installing XD. It did download and install something before installing Valheim, so I assumed it had to do with compatibility. Either way, I'm just happy that it works, and works well 😀
It is possible that you are running the windows version. You can find out in properties of the game. If the 'force compatability tool' is checked, under compatability, it will download the windowns version and run it through compatability layers. Otherwise you might have just seen the dialog about precompiling shaders.
Worth noting that sometimes developers make a linux version of their game, but neglects maintaining it. In those cases it is preferable to just run the windows version with comp layers. I think the linux native valheim version is alright though. Good devs.
I've had a VPN running on my server via Wireguard for ages with no issues. A couple of weeks ago I finally got round to setting up Tailscale so I could access it remotely and again it worked fine without any issues. I rebooted my server this morning and while I was out I realised I could no longer access it, once I got home I discovered everything else was working fine it was just inaccessible over Tailscale.
After some troubleshooting I've come to the conclusion that if Tailscale starts first the other VPN's routing entries take priority and Tailscale doesn't work. If Tailscale starts second then it seems to work fine. As far as I can tell I have a few options for fixing this but I'm not sure what would be the most recommended. The simplest solution is probably just to disable Tailscale from autostarting and start it manually, however I'm likely to forget that at some point and will probably only notice when I'm out and can't access the server to start it.
If I add the following to the Wireguard config file this solves the issue: PostUp = ip route add 100.64.0.0/10 dev tailscale0 PostDown = ip route del 100.64.0.0/10 dev tailscale0 However in that case if the other VPN tries to start first it just fails as the tailscale0 interface doesn't exist yet, so all I've done is reverse the order I need them to start.
I could also edit the wireguard or tailscale service files with before or after targets, that would be fairly simple to do but I think its not recommended to manually edit package provided service files? The tailscale one specifically says its meant to be read only.
The final option I can think of is to disable the tailscale service on startup and then create a systemd timer to start the tailscale service with a slight delay after boot. I think this may be the best method as I can't see any downsides, but maybe I'm overlooking something?
Hello, my friends! Let's hit 20K likes? Check out my website! https://enderman.chToday I am going to show you how I ran Linux in Microsoft Excel. The VBA syn...
I just bought a Lenovo Yoga L13 Gen2 and I am greatly disappointed, after installing Arch on it it's overheating a lot even when I only have Firefox open. During my research buying this laptop I also made the mistake of not checking if the RAM can be upgraded and now I'm stuck with 8 GB of soldered on, non-upgradable RAM.
Anyways this is why I'm turning to you, I spent hours upon hours researching trying to find the perfect laptop to buy before settling on this one, and since the result was so catastrophic I figured why not ask around in the community a bit.
I was only going to buy a used model since my budget isn't that big. The laptop is intended for browsing and some (Java) coding, so it doesn't need to be extremely powerful. The main use case is for a small laptop that I can use on my lap on the couch or in my recliner to browse or do some coding while using (Arch) Linux.
My MUST have requirements are: - 13 inch screen (max 14 inch) - Touchscreen with at least Full HD (1920x1080) resolution - Good/ perfect (Arch) Linux support - Good cooling/ doesn't get super hot
Ideally the following requirements should also be met: - Touchpad buttons with dedicated middle-mouse-button - Backlit Keyboard - Bright screen - Upgradble RAM or alternatively 16 GB RAM version available
I intend to spend around 300€ max used, for reference I paid 190€ for the L13 Gen2 with 94% battery health.
I would prefer a laptop that isn't older than 8th/9th Gen Intel and equivalent AMD. I would be open to models with Intel and AMD chips.
I am so grateful for anyone who sees this post and comes up with some suggestions, after hours upon hours of research I am a bit exhausted and desperate for some community suggestions.
I don't own one but I'm looking at the framework 13 for my next machine. It has great reviews and fully support Arch. Its price is the main criticism against this machine, though there's some arguments to justify it but no need to open a trolling post 😀
Choose from AMD and Intel system options, select your preferred memory and storage, operating system, and more customizations. Available in DIY and pre-built configurations.
If it's worth the price I would also be down to spend a bit more than 300 - sadly though after checking there are a total of 2 used Framework laptops on sale in my country total - and both are non-touchscreen versions sadly :/
Edit: after having a look at the Framework 12 it seems basically exactly what I'm asking for - apart from the fact that it won't be out for another half a year and the price point of 570€ with an i3 and 0 GB of storage and RAM - I'm guessing I could pick this up used in a couple of years but until then I'm still looking for recommendations ;)
Just a suggestion if you haven't already try opening up the laptop and cleaning out the dust with compressed air. I have been given laptops before because they were "old and slow" and I just needed to clean out the dust and they all of a sudden became so much faster.
Although I know this doesn't help with the 8gb problem but maybe if you don't need 16gb right now you could keep that laptop and upgrade to another when you need 16gb.
This 1000%. I picked up a t480s a number of years ago and I couldn't be happier with it. Came with a half dead battery that was easily replaced. Lasts a good 6 hours on a charge and does everything I need a laptop to do.
For context, I just installed Fedora Workstation and I am dual-booting alongside Windows.
For some strange reason, download speeds are hovering around 200 KB/s, and sometimes randomly dropping to below 70KB/s. This occurs when I boot into either Windows or Fedora. Before installing Fedora, my speeds were usually >50MB/s, sometimes a couple hundred MB/s if the network isn’t very busy. This might be an issue with network drivers being weird since I’m dual booting, or maybe I need to manually install drivers for Fedora.
(for comparison my phone, using the same network, has >100MB/s download speeds)
EDIT: I’ve updated to Fedora 42 and network speeds are now in the MB/s again. Not sure what happened. Now it seems that when I install from “flatpak-1” rather than just “flatpak” speeds are great. Also, dnf install has good speeds now.
Flatpak has served us well for 10 years and succeeded in establishing a direct distribution model for app developers, independent of the underlying platform....
Unfortunately, it's not in a great situation. Flatpak is stagnant. There's a lot of cool things in the works, like a stronger sandbox, preinstalling flatpaks more effectively, etc, but merging things is hard.
Don't believe so, best that's currently available is skimming through the video to look at the slides.
Here's my short summary of the presentation, I tried to denote what's being worked on (open PR), what's kinda being done (WIP), and things stuff they'd like to be done in the future (wishlist). May be somewhat wrong. * Flatpak is stagnant * Red Hat is working on a better way to preinstall flatpak apps (open PR) * Flatpak should is slowly moving towards OCI and away from ostree (more tooling available, don't need to maintain their own tools) * Better permission handling that is more backwards compatible (open PR) * Should directly use Pipewire instead of Pulseaudio (WIP) * Allow user namespaces in flatpak sandbox (WIP) * Move dbus proxying into dbus brokers (wishlist) * Improve network sandboxing (wishlist) * Improve drivers handling, currently drivers need to be built for each runtime, could cause issues if using EOL app on new hardware (wishlist) * Work on portals directly improves flatpak
Should directly use Pipewire instead of Pulseaudio
I hope they plan on keeping pulse for the foreseeable future. Pipewire is great and all but pulse is very entrenched, I still maintain quite a bit of systems that are pulse only.
Haven't seen the video, I'm only commenting based on the summary in the comments.
It's good that flatpak is switching to OCI containers. Hopefully that will end the flatpak's dependency hell. This week I was looking at flatpak as a way to publish my app and found the user experience (user is the app publisher in this context) quite bad. Could be skill issue obviously.
I thought I could just look into a database of flatpak runtimes, pick the one with the software I need, add additional packages and be done with it. Unfortunately it is not that simple. First of all as far as I know, there is no "database" like archlinux.org/packages. You have to download the runtime and then search /usr/include/ or /usr/bin/ to check if particular piece of software exists in it. Adding additional packages is also quite difficult. There are these runtime extensions which are like "baby runtimes" for special software like ffmpeg, java, etc. They kinda suffer from issues similar to the issues of the runtimes. And unlike in regular distros where you can get a package for almost anything, here you don't have the luxury and have to bundle that not so popular dependency.
I hope that with OCI I will be able to just provide the binary, a link to the base image and a list of dependencies to install and be done with it.
I go to a programming school, where there were computers running ancient windows 8 and some were on windows 10, they ran really slow and were completely unrelaible when doing the tasks that are required, those computers in question had either i5-4750 (I think?) or i7-4970 so running windows 10 with all its bloat was not going to be an easy task for em, so long story short I decided to talk to the principal about it explaining why linux is so much better than windows and gave him reasons why linux will be better for us for education and he agreed after considering it for a bit, he let me know that some students play roblox or minecraft in middle of the lesson and he asks if linux would stop em from doing that, I stated that as long as they dont know how to work with wine/lutris or know any specific linux packages that run windows games on linux they should not be able to play in the middle of lessons. he gave me the green light to do it, so I spent like 3 days migrating like 20+ computers to linux (since I had to set them up and install some required applications for them) in the last day where I was doing a last check up on the PCs to make sure they are in working order, there was a computer having a problem of which where it didnt boot, I let the principal know about this to get permission to work on it, he said yes, so after some troubleshooting I realized the boot order was all screwed, so since Ive worked with arch before I knew how to fix it, I booted up linux mint live image, chrooted, and fixed the boot order and computer went back to life, prinicipal came in checked on everything to make sure everything works, told me to wait for a bit, and then came back and paid me for his troubles (was a bit of a surprised since I expected nothing of the sort), the next day I came to school, sat down, turned PC on, noticed something was in the trash bin, opened it, found "robloxinstall.exe" on it, told the principal about it, he was pleased with it, so now 2 weeks later he seems now to be confident about linux, as he told me there is another class he is considering to move to linux.
so my question here would be: does this mean linux now is ready for the education sector?
(considering now, that I got a win win situation, I get to use an OS that I like in school, students gets to focus on the lessons instead of slacking.)
does this mean linux now is ready for the education sector?
Linux has always been suitable (and I would argue ideal) in the education sector. But the reality is that almost no one is going to use Linux in a professional environment so there's an argument to be made that they should be using and learning Winblows.
This reminds me of when I was a kid. My school computer were running slow as heck windows xps or windows 7s, mostly slow because the bloat of education software that was installed to block visiting certain websites, lock down computers during certain hours or when the teacher is lecturing, etc. Even in my high school.
One day for my computer class during a lecture, I plugged in my liveboot USB running Mint, hushed my classmates next to me and rebooted. I didn't expect the computer to make a loud as hell beep sound when it got to the bootloader, but I was sitting in a side row so the teacher just said "what was that?" and moved on while others looked at me suspiciously. But then I was able to boot up Linux right there, super easy. And everything works, I was able to browse the web without any restrictions, well I'm not really trying to look at bad stuff but just hate being locked down when I can do something else instead. Or maybe I just wanted to show off Linux. Anyways my classmates next to me silently whispered "what the heck how did you do this??" I look back at this as a fond memory.
When I heard about schools using Chromebooks literally the first thing I said was "Linux can do more than a Chromebook can and is free, why the hell aren't they using that?!" Linux running on the cheapest OEM laptop is a better experience than the best Chromebook.
15+.... I was there, Gandalf.... We had these kinds of setups 25+ years ago. How time flies.
Before that, it was often XTerm style systems. The local machine only booted an XServer and then connected to a central UNIX system. All programs ran on the UNIX server, and were rendered on the XTerm/XServer you were sitting at.
The original XServer systems were efficient enough to run over serial lines, not just Ethernet.
Another setup was to put multiple monitors/keyboards/mice on a single UNIX/Linux tower and have it launch multiple XServer sessions so you could have a single computer with up to six people sitting at it.
I also managed a Rembo lab for a bit. It used a PXE shim OS to get a menu from the Rembo server. From there, you could boot the main OS, or download a new hard drive image from the server. I would build new drive images and upload them to the server, then updating the lab would mean rebooting the computers and clicking a "grab latest" button. It actually worked very well for distributing OSes. We had both Linux and Windows images students could pull down.
Lab management at scale is a continual struggle to keep everything functional and patched.
yes, one by one, and I choose mint because It was approachable, and thats what I showed to the principal to convince him to let me do this in the first place, and oh I didnt know there was an atomic version of fedora
I don't judge you for the choice. It's an honest question since you take care of a lot of computers and with ublue you have good control over the machines
Universal Blue manufactures a diverse set of operating system images to provide the the reliability of a Chromebook, but with the flexibility and power of a traditional Linux desktop.
Although it is fun to run around updating each PC individually, as the install numbers increase, Clonezilla can be helpful to multicast one OS image to many PCs in parallel.
I don’t know how developed your school system is, but, I would advise the principal into blocking the sites via DNS that way the computers won’t resolve them.
AdGuard, PiHole, OpenSense are free open source DNS resolvers however, chances are your school already manages its own DNS so I would obviously consult first.
Buuuut my guest gaming machine is a 4670k machine and I can confirm that not only does Windows 10 run very smoothly on it, but it also runs most modern games at 60+FPS! CPU-bound games can struggle. We finally got my partner a new computer and made that one the guest machine when Persona 5 went from 80FPS down to 5FPS when they got off the train hahaha
oh haha I see, I've been using linux for 5 years so far and I have been ONLY gaming on linux, I have ditched windows for good, this switch was very easy to me cuz I dont have any windows specfic apps/games dependency, everything I want is there, and the ones that aren't, there are alternatives that are the same or better than the apps I've used on windows!
Oh and I should specify my old guest machine does have 16GB of RAM, solid state drives, and an RTX2070, so it’s probably a bit better equipped than school machines hahaha
great specs! I have a slightly underpowered computer compared to yours, R5 5600H and RX6500M, and I'm also a persona fan, great series tbh, my favorite is persona 4, its the most fun game to me in the series so far, rn I'm playing through P3 Reload!
Oooo nice! My partner has the best machine in the house now, since they always got my hand-me-downs and never a brand new machine. We built it about a year ago, so it’s got a 12600k, 32GB RAM, a 3070, 3TB SSD space, and 4TB HDD. Mine’s not terribly far from that, but I am a little envious hahaha
Linux is a free and open operating system. The licence for it - GNU Public License v2 is designed to grant you and me and my wife and your family and everyone everywhere rights and not restrict our rights. The only restriction with the GPL is that if you make a change to the code, that you make it available to everyone.
Education should be about teaching concepts and ideas and ideals. I think it should not involve artificial costs that might constrain access to a full and fruitful education. Those costs might even involve ... thou shalt update to Windows 11 and your laptop's CPU is not good enough.
Please keep on doing what you are doing, in your way. When you have your school running as you think it should, there is a good chance that you will be asked to do the same thing for other schools.
Please make sure you have the full support of your school principal (I think that is the right term - I'm from Britain so we might have different names for jobs)
I run a small IT company in the UK and I am trying to put together a distribution and so on for my company. Perhaps I should try your approach and be a bit more direct.
thank you for your very well thought out comment, and I do know about the GPL, I use it myself in my projects (AGPL for my neocities website and GPL3.0 for some of my other projects), the GPL is a very good license to your most important projects and I never skip it, I only use like BSD/MIT/CC0 for stuff that I dont really care that much about, also I love Britain its a wonderful country, cheers! also good luck!
Lol a kid can google how to install games on linux, just need one to do it and teach the others, I used to bring games on a usb to play on macs through wine through the school lan, eventually I put them in some random folder on the school network, it didnt delete it til like the last day of school my senior year, wed copy the games to our computers and delete them at the end of class.
Just a funny story, but, I use an Ubuntu laptop as my work computer as a teacher, and once, while I was helping another student with work, a student opened my laptop and began trying to install Roblox. She got far enough to figure out it wouldn't work, and started searching for how to install it. When I came over she was trying to figure out how to set up Wine. She got pretty close to getting it working before I came over. I was secretly pretty impressed with how fast she figured it out. It couldn't have been more than a few minutes.
Gives me hope, I'm glad the kids are still curious and willing to learn. I've seen too many young 20s people at work who have absolutely zero computer skills.
Yoo that's wild man doing gods (Richard Stallman) work here man.
Great initiative nonetheless. Compared to 8 this much more secure and for programming it's a great choice too. Bringing more life out of some old PCs, saving a school money, and forcing some kids to get creative in order to play Roblox.
As for is it ready fr this application, programming, it has been for a while. For general, especially web based, applications it absolutely is. Of course, there are quite few things were it's just not but for the most part Linux is a great choice.
Are you now the IT support guy for these workstations, or is the school's IT going to take over maintenance. I guess you have an internship or something if you are.
I wonder if that even exists. A mix of Windows 8 (EoL) and 10 (almost EoL) running on Haswells with students freely installing Roblox... all gives an unmaintained vibe.
Sober (flatpak) should work for Roblox 😀 it uses the Android version with some fixes, signing in was a little jank when I tried it but after that flawless!
those computers in question had either i5-4750 (I think?) or i7-4970 so running windows 10 with all its bloat was not going to be an easy task
The i7-4790K is still quite powerful, so I'm pretty sure this wasn't the problem, at all. Perhaps they're running on an HDD, have little RAM, or you got the CPU wrong.
You can see the CPU and RAM by launching System Info from tbf start menu, and see if it's running on an SSD or HDD by launching Disks from the menu.
we dont have the K, just the regular, eitherway these were fastest computers (lenovo thinkcenter) we have, but there weren't many of em, most were with the i5 (HP Elitedesk G1)
Ah, my bad (^^; I ran an i7-4790K in my gaming PC for a long time, as far as games go this 10-year old CPU still hold up well, never had to upgrade it surprisingly enough!
Still, a 4 GHz quad-core with hyper-threading, and about 8 GiB of RAM, is more than enough to run Windows 10. Assuming these are for studying, the heavier workloads would consist of MS Word, Powerpoint and an instructional video in the webbrowser, no? What required tasks were too heavy for these computers under Windows 8/10? And do they run off SSDs, or spinning HDDs?
And if they learn about wine and lutris and manage to install Roblox, they'll probably get more out of it than by listening to the class in the first place !
I learned so much by circumventing the school security stuff. I probably wouldn't be in IT if not for the parental access limitations and school network blocks
Cool but why do you ask the teachers? Without asking anyone would be way more funny and more interesting to see what happens
It’s the sort of school gags that people reminisce 20 years later when they sit with their family near cozy fireplace with a pipe of tobacco or crochet
You need to score all the silly memories while you still can. People, remember the most important when you are young is to have fun. The responsibility and adulting will come for you anyway. You don’t want to be ‚mature for your age’. Have a heckin blast and take no prisoners
If I could go back in time I would spread custom furry uwumaxxed ransomware that would unlock with trollish gimmick through the school network. But when I got this good with computers I was already at uni so such things lost their luster. Nowadays I would rather work in security and pentesting and get substantial amount of the adult green paper risk free. We get so boring with age don’t we. There’s nothing more boring than being a good, law obeying citizen but it is what it is if you have half a brain.
Hey OP, regarding Minecraft: It's a Java program that uses OpenGL for rendering. Therefore it's not a Windows game, but inherently cross platform. Here's the official .deb package launcher.mojang.com/download/M…
That's awesome! And yeah, Linux Mint was a great choice. I assume you will be asked to do maintenance on these computers, and there should generally be less maintenance involved with Mint than other distros. And since it's a programming school, linux would be way better than windows. 👍
I'm thinking of switching to Linux as my daily driver after trying it out both Fedora Workstation and KDE using Live USB, but I'm wondering if I should consider other distros besides Fedora. I've heard of openSUSE, is that decent? Not many people really mention them. Linux Mint is great, but I don't like Cinnamon all too much.
What's a good desktop-agnostic distro that lets you easily swap between the two?
edit: Woah, it seems that you're able to swap between DEs from the login manager as long as you install both. Okay then, new question, for a beginner friendly distro, should I go for Fedora, OpenSUSE, or something else?
edit 2: a bit more information about my device and my preferences...
On KDE Plasma vs GNOME, I would like to try both out and see which I like better long-term. KDE Plasma seems a bit more familiar (closer to Windows 10) whereas GNOME is a bit more different but I'm open to using either.
I'm running a laptop with an Intel i7-1360P. It's one of those 2-in-1 convertible 360 degree hinge laptops.
I would say I'm open to learning how to work with the terminal and customising the distro a bit, but I don't want to do anything too out of my scope. I don't want to spend too many hours setting it up, I'd rather have something that works mostly out of the box 😁
I want a stable distro as in I don't want to break my system after an update, but still want something up-to-date though. I'm open to rolling release distros, but to my knowledge those are usually less stable with more breaking changes than fixed release options.
edit 3: just installed Fedora Workstation and it works really well! Multi-touch with my trackpad works fine and everything runs smooth. File read/write speeds were also strangely a bit more consistent (on Windows it jumps between <100KB/s and 60MB/s whereas on Fedora it’s consistently around or over 45MB/s…weird…)
My only issue right now is that the touchscreen doesn’t work anymore, how do I install the drivers for that?
edit 4:
Touchscreen and even rotating the screen when the device works now after an update :DDDDD
I've decided to switch since nearly all the programs I use are either cross-platform (e.g. Inkscape) or have good Linux alternatives (e.g. Okular rather than SumatraPDF). The only hiccups I might get would be games, but I only really play a few retro games w/ emulators and just a couple games (the latter of which I've checked are all supported by Proton). Also, if I do run into issues with games, I can always just partition like 100GB for Windows and the rest for my distro of choice.
While pretty much any distro can do this, I will warn you that it's not the greatest idea. GNOME and KDE are both massive software suites and you'll have a lot of redundant programs, e.g. two GUI file managers. There are also some look and feel issues that might crop up with apps getting style hints from two places. Again, it's nothing super major, and it's been a while since I've done this so maybe it's improved, but any time I've tried I end up rolling back or reinstalling with only one big DE.
It's much less of an issue to have one big DE and then potentially several other more modular window managers, as those have much less opinionated payloads. I've got sway and hypr installed alongside GNOME.
I don't know what you mean by “A distro that allows you to easily switch between KDE and GNOME”, because any distro that has both should be able to easily switch between KDE and GNOME. As for user-friendly, something like Ubuntu or Mint, maybe Manjaro and Pop, EndeavourOS if you don't mind learning and don't mind using a terminal.
I want a more stable distro, so I'm not considering the rolling release options (like manjaro and EndeavourOS). I've also heard that not many people like Ubuntu because of snaps, why is that?
edit: are rolling release distros stable enough (e.g. will it randomly crash/have weird issues?) and is it possible/easy to roll back to a previous version if there's a breaking update
I’ve also heard that not many people like Ubuntu because of snaps, why is that?
Well, people don't like snaps for a number of reasons, because they are forced on users, bloated and slow, Canonicals themselves are quite shady, systemd, etc.
I would rather use several different types of packages than trust one that is tied to a shady company.
The GenP subreddit got banned on Reddit. We can only take a guess as to why(I seriously don't know, please let me know if you do).
But regardless, it brings up a serious question. How will big corpos and nations force their control on lemmy and other fediverse communities?
Places like reddit, twitter, instagram and even "fediverse" bluesky cave to demands from corporates and countries all the time. But what happens when the real fediverse platforms get attention?
How will they ban, sabotage and coerce instances and communities to cave into demands?
I know lemmy and other fediverse platforms are still very small right now, but I believe it's only time before the sabotage begins. Instagram stepping into the territory tells you how scared zuck already is.
Which notebooks are recommendable when coming from Apple Silicon-MacBooks in terms of runtime and efficiency, preferrably for Fedora or Manjaro with KDE Plasma? For now, I am looking towards Lenovo T14(s) or X1 Carbon - mixed use scenario including simple media (photos, cutting 1080p-videos, media management, Office & mail) stuff? Still love the "Lenovo"-brand and its keyboard and look 'n feel so this vendor would be my favourite.
Can anyone of you here recommend Snapdragon-devices yet which would be the best comparison as it's also architecture based on ARM? Both Fedora and Manjaro have ARM-builds so I hope that the Snapdragon-devices could get along with my desires here...
I'm also making the slow transition from Apple to Linux, and I (relatively) recently bought a Framework 13. I went with kind of a minimum-specs loadout, figuring I didn't really know what I was getting into and I could upgrade it later (the primary selling point of Framework). I've been satisfied with running Fedora/Gnome on it for several months. I get the impression that the distro is more important than the hardware in terms of having a comfortable MacOS-to-Linux experience. But because Framework explicitly supports Fedora, I felt like it was a smaller step away from the walled garden, "it just works" experience of being a Mac user team just going straight to a distro and manufacturer that was likely to require a lot more manual setup and knowledge.
Unless it's a Dell. If you buy one, better research its Linux compatibility beforehand, or you'll face issues like non-working webcams, fingerprint readers, weird unexplainable crashes and wonky bluetooth behavior.
Believe this is one of the few vendors left making and distributing Linux magazines still(?). Would be interesting to hear what peoples feedback on these are, whether its this one or another. Seems like a fun monthly delivery to get!
I loved Linux Voice back when it was still published. They had a series of articles on writing your own kernel in x86_64 ASM that I followed and ran on QEMU back when I was a philosophy student. It really cemented my interest in tech and now I do that for a living.
Edit: Linux Voice folded into Linux Format sometime around 10+ years ago
Graphical user interface for managing your Linux applications. Supports AppImage, Debian and Arch packages (including AUR), Flatpak, Snap and native Web applications - vinifmor/bauh
Mate, you are not being clear at all. I’ve clarified this multiple times. If you’re unwilling to acknowledge that built in package managers do not include non-native package formats, this conversation can’t progress.
They're saying they want something like Synaptic (mostly for its "multi-select", apparently, though I'm not sure what that means?), but have it support AppImages, Flatpaks, Snaps, etc., instead of just Debs like Synaptic does.
Don't feed the trolls, especially the ones that are bad at it. But yeah, this app doesn't let you select and uninstall multiple things nor does it have all the functionality of Synaptic (which is amaze). I'd settle on a CLI tool for this too, I just want a one stop shop because I get so triggered having to juggle different managers. It's just fucking annoying really. Like, I found the cli tool Topgrade and it is just the best thing ever for keeping things up to date from all package managers, I want that with extended functionality as even this tool doesn't manage every manager that Topgrade does. Something modular, otherwise I waste time fucking around with everything.
Honestly, I tried to understand them but I failed. I don't see how a group, from the twittoverse perspective is different from the use of a hashtag, be it agupe group or Lemmy community.
But I would love to hear your explanation and pass it on to the next people who will not understand it.
LJL is a job creation language that takes a job file, gathers items mentioned in its various lines and here-documents, and generates a runnable .deck file (short for "deck of cards").
The .deck file is a complex Bash script that creates a log spool and several temporary files in /tmp/. It automatically cleans up scratchable files after the run. The log file contains the output of each step, including any program results.
More Detail::: What SUBMIT Does with Each LJL Statement:
For every statement, SUBMIT generates corresponding commands in the .deck file. Below is a step-by-step breakdown:
One //jo line, as many /dd lines as are required, and as many //ex as are required
//jo sumjob owner=me@mail.com log=print class=a
Generates a deck command to invoke ifclass a, which checks if the job's class allows execution at run time.
Generates a deck command to Log "sumjob is starting" to /var/log/JCL/ with a timestamp.
Generates a deck command to create /tmp/sumjob
Generates a deck command to initializes /tmp/sumjob/jobname.log with a formatted header (e.g., via figlet sumjob).
Job Classes: A = Runs as soon as submitted B = Runs only if load is low enough C = Runs in Off-Hours
//dd alias source(here|file=pathandfilename|new) disp(keep|scratch)
Note the disp (disposition) if keep the put the file in /home/user/.lcl/jobname as whatever the alias is if the disp(scratch) then the file will go into the /tmp/jobname directory as named by the alias.
Generate deck commands to
-- if source is here: copy lines from lcl up to '/*' to the deck file as a here document if source is a file: add commands to copy the file into a working directory either in user's home or in the tmp directory under the alias. //dd users source(file=/etc/passwd) disp(keep) ==> copy /etc/passwd to /home/user/.ljl/users
//ex somecommand --options < alias
-Generate doc commands to execute the program as specified and save the output to the logfile In this case echo (somecommand --options < aliasproperlyexpanded) > logfile
The deck file now forms a fully functional batch file to do the specified computation.
Between bash (and the 40 or so other shells available under Linux), python, perl, and the several hundred other scripting languages already available, is a dedicated job control language really needed? I think unnecessary fluff.
It is not mandatory that you install it - Yes, there are other choices already. But in the beginning, Unix only had C and Assembly why didn't we just stick with those?
I have changed the syntax a little: //jo jobname owner(username) log(mailto=user@location) class(a) //** Note that the next step copies /etc/passwd to /tmp/jobname/passwd and then later deletes it when the job is done //dd passwd disp(scratch) source(file=/etc/passwd) //ex cat passwd
Hey ! I bought a game on steam, but I cannot install it on lutris as it's not even listed... It's a windows only game. Is there a way to play it? Am I doing something wrong?
"The hardest part is not to speak up. It’s being heard." Part video game, part graphic novel, Wednesdays seeks to raise awareness about child sexual abuse through a surprisingly hope-filled story.
I have temporarily installed LMDE6 on an HDD where I had a bit of free space, worked with it, experienced Steam with Proton and now I am convinced: I want to move to Linux from Windows for good.
Have another disk, an SSD in which most of the space is taken up by the Windows C: partition. Would like to move Linux there after shrinking the Windows partition a bit more than what it currently occupies now.
I have tried to do this with Paragon on Windows, but after restarting no change can be seen, despite no error being presented. Tried from Linux with GParted but all attempts end up with an error when running ntfsresize.
So 1. What do I use to do this and how do I do it safely? 2.How do I move the content of my current Linux partition (less than 50 GBs) to that disk keeping the bootloader and everything else working? And what filesystem is best to use?
Others have pointed out what may he going wrong (drive locked due to Windows fast startup).
A slightly different tack - dual booting windows and linux on the same drive is a bad idea. One reason is the messy boot set up which can cause issues with windows not booting or linux not booting, or either/both fighting over the boot partition. It can get to the point of using repair disks to repair one or the other or both. It can be managed but make a mistake and its a real headache to fix (I say that as someone who has been their and done that and learned the lesson)
If you want to switch to linux but keep windows "just in case" and have a desktop I'd get a new SSD and use it as a dedicated linux drive. SATA or even better an m.2 card if your motherboard has the slots.
A separate drive is far better as linux can be the drive booted by the BIOS and then Grub can then point back to your untouched windows drive to boot it when you want. If linux updates it won't affect windows, and if windows updates it won't affect linux. Also if you have a drive failure you won't lose 2 OSes and all data in one go.
Personally I have 5 drives in my PC - easy expansion of storage is a big benefit to a nice full size PC. I have one largely unused windows drive, and 4 ext4 drives.
Is there any hardware specification I should be pay attention to when buying for exclusive Linux use?
If I was to install one more home partition from the LMDE installation USB, would it automatically fix things for me in Grub or would I have to fix things myself before or after?
If I was to install one more home partition from the LMDE installation USB, would it automatically fix things for me in Grub or would I have to fix things myself before or after?
If I understand you right, you want to install two additional SSDs, one for Linux root (system), probably ext4 formatted, and one 'home' for your personal data?
If that's the case, the boot loader GRUB is going to be installed onto the system SSD and will usually automatically detect the Windows boot loader on your current, Windows only, hard drive. If it didn't, you need to toggle an option in GRUB's configuration file and run update-grub again.
For your home-partiotion on the other SSD, there exist two options: 1. The home partition is Linux exclusive, probably ext4 formatted (this doesn't work with NTFS), and all your data will be stored there. Yet, afaIk, you need to install an ext4 driver in Windows to access the data when you're on Windows.
The home partition is mutually accessible. (This the setup on my wifes laptop). There it's NTFS formatted and the respective folders (Documents, Downloads, Pictures,... ) are mounted one by one using bind in /etc/fstab to their Linux counterpart.
Edit: I've forgot to mention that, first I created folders named Documents, Downloads,... on the new partition before being able to mount them in Linux.
After copying the data in Windows from the old folders to the new ones, the old folders can be deleted and replaced by hardlinks to their new counterparts using the Windows command line or PowerShell.
Just a possibility: Check if the m2 slot is for disk. There are many boards where there are WiFi exclusive m2 ports. For disks there are also m2 sata and m2 nvme port variations. You need to find out what yours are. Consult your motherboards technical documentation if in doubt. If the BIOS can boot from it, Linux can too.
Edit: that beeing said I never encountered problems with a similar setup ( I boot from Linux on nvme m2 then there is a combined windows /data disk)
After about a year working on Fediforge, I have finally launched it. Fediforge provides managed hosting for lemmy and there will be added support for other fediverse platforms(Such as Mastodon, Peertube and more) in the future.
A little info on the setup of Fediforge. - Hosted on servers from OVH + Colocrossing and are located in east USA(Around chicago) - Automated backups of database with 10 days retention - Replicated s3 storage for media files - Active monitoring of all instances hosted.
Let me know, if you have any issues, ideas or feedback(and optionally add it here).
I want to create a local ip address for my virtual machine. I use virt-manager + QEMU. So, as I got it - I need to create a bridge for doing this. But... When I'm trying to connect a created bridge to a virtual machine:
Then trying to start a virtual machine, I gets this error:
Ошибка запуска домена: /usr/lib/qemu/qemu-bridge-helper --use-vnet --br=br0 --fd=32: failed to communicate with bridge helper: stderr=failed to create tun device: Operation not permitted
: Transport endpoint is not connected
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/asyncjob.py", line 72, in cb_wrapper
callback(asyncjob, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/asyncjob.py", line 108, in tmpcb
callback(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/object/libvirtobject.py", line 57, in newfn
ret = fn(self, *args, **kwargs)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/object/domain.py", line 1402, in startup
self._backend.create()
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/libvirt.py", line 1373, in create
raise libvirtError('virDomainCreate() failed')
libvirt.libvirtError: /usr/lib/qemu/qemu-bridge-helper --use-vnet --br=br0 --fd=32: failed to communicate with bridge helper: stderr=failed to create tun device: Operation not permitted
: Transport endpoint is not connected
For creating bridges I use the standard network manager for Xfce:
I use MX Linux operating system for the host machine.
So, what do I do wrong, and how can I fix this problem? 🤔
stderr=failed to create tun device: Operation not permitted
you probably don't have permissions to create such device. BTW, afaik a bridge will make the vm get the traffic on the same IP, creating a separate IP for VM will probably be something else. And might require some iptables setup so your host machine relays the traffic
After configuring the network with a bridged interface that would support network connections from both ‘simh’ and ‘qemu’ I ran into a separate problem when trying to create…
Let me apologize first. I'm both old and new to Linux and have made a ton of noob moves since switching back. I know most people in this community are probably already Linux users, but I'm hoping that some Linux-curious people will stumble upon this.
Lets start with the game. I am a former League of Legends addict. Embarrassing, I know, but I had been playing since the glory days (I started right at the beginning of season 2). I never ranked; I would play ARAM and URF to either pass time or keep myself awake if I felt drowsy. I was good, too. Not great, but more often than not I'd go 16/2/12 or something similar. It released massive amounts of dopamine for me. The ARAM bridge felt like a home away from home.
Moving on from League... I had been starting to smell Microsoft's shit from a long loooong ways away. Like, Win7 days (rest in peace, XP). I had been introduced to Linux and the basics of maintaining Linux from a class I took in high school. Lets be honest, though, Linux wasn't really in a gaming state then. You could, but you would be jumping through a lot of hoops for a 50/50 chance it would be stable gameplay. Honestly, though, Microsoft's stink flows much further back than you'd think and it was already grating on me then. I was already considering the move.
I sat on Win10 for a while and even opened my PC to the Win11 beta. It was okay, I didn't auto-hate it like most because a lot of the Windows UI I used was third party and I changed theme colors through the registry. There were ways to remove bloat and most Microsoft snooping garb, but it took work. Thinking I knew what I was doing, I messed with the system32 folder. If this were the Win7 days, I probably would have known what I was doing. I simply wanted to change the internal image viewer to a 3rd party viewer. Microsoft gave default selections for a lot of things, but changing photo gallery was a fight for some reason.
Needless to say, I messed up. No default apps would open anymore. Couldn't even get calculator running. So I reinstalled. Back then, you still had to use Win10 and update to 11. I reinstalled, saw my windows old folder, knew everything was safe, and updated. Huge mistake. Win11 was not just an update, even if you start it from the update panel. It's a full OS install. My ignorant self thought it was just a Win10 glow up. My windows old folder got overwritten by an empty windows old folder.
After a whole day of recovery process I probably recovered 99% of my files, but my time with Windows was quickly closing. My friend pointed out that this was a good time to try Linux. Steam Deck had just launched and Linux was gaining ground in the gaming scene and FAST. So I backed everything up to external (which I should have done earlier, smfh) and grabbed the most likely candidate, Pop!_OS. Soon after, at my friend's pestering, I switched to Arch- Manjaro- and then later EndeavourOS.
I messed up EndeavourOS by using topgrade. It didn't occur to me that it was user error, and I just thought it was something EOS didn't rub shoulders well with in my system. So back to Manjaro. Then D4 came out. Another shame of mine. I'm a huge Diablo 2 fan and played my fair share of D3. I got the early access. Couldn't play. Panicking, I reinstalled Windows 11... just to find that the game was pure garbage. I played for a bit, hoping things would improve but.... Blizzard got me again. But I was not moving back. I had moved so much already. Funny thing is: Proton came out with an update not even 24 hours later that fixed D4... Doh.
During my second time on Win11, Riot pushed out their knuckleheaded kernel-level anticheat. I wasn't worried, I was on Win11, w/e. Then Microsoft dropped some big shits on Windows. Snapshots of your screens ("it'll be held in a private encrypted partition of you drive!", yeah fucking right... pull the other one), ads in the start bar, and then pushy af popups to integrate your system with their AI. I was insulted. Win11 was already one giant piece of malicious software even before all this. Granted, I used startallback so I didn't get the ads, but it was the idea of the thing.
So I did it. I dropped League and moved to base Arch. I will not let Microsoft have even 100gb of my drive now. I make do by playing other games, being actually productive in life, or diving into something new within Linux. I grew up. I said no. PC owners should be banding together and dropping Windows right into the garbage. Screw their proprietary plugins, screw their insecure kernel access, screw their ads and data-harvesting AI, and screw their sneaky photos of my screen. I knew when they backpedaled on that screenshot shit that they'd push it more quietly later. I told everyone that they would. And they did.
Dive into VSCodium, or Neovim, or VIM, or emacs. Explore open source and, like me, find that most apps are pleasantly better than their commercial counterparts. Play with your terminal. Wreck things and reinstall (just hard copy everything to external first). Lets make ODF industry standard, like it should have been before Microsoft outbid and muscled docx in. It may take ten, twenty, fifty years but fuck it. I'm all in and my bet is on Linux. My next big project for my next PC build? Gentoo (I am not quite ready for Linux from Scatch, lmao). Its time I actually learned more. I've already dived deep into the Arch Wiki and I've already dived into NixOS and nixlang. We need to go deeper now.
Linux is easier than ever now. Experiment with it! Scared to fully make the move? Grab a small SSD to test it out safely! Just... know what you're doing with partitions before you do. Either that or take your main SSD out before installing. However, most Linux distros let you use them right from the USB stick to check them out. Just ignore the installer and play around a bit. Remember that USB is going to be substantially slower, so don't make your decision off of speed. You'd be surprised at how much faster Linux can be.
tl;dr: Switch to Linux and stop giving out your data for free. Ad analytics should be a choice, and one you're paid to do. Your information is incredibly valuable and so is your privacy. If you pay for a product, that company should NOT be triple dipping and making more money off of you, no matter how non-invasive it is. Its all invasive, even if its hidden.
PS: I won't mention mac here. I really have no experience in iOS or macOS. Apple garden is Apple garden and that's about all I know. Microsoft and I go way back (Windows 3.14), and I've watched them slowly and then quickly corrupt over time. Like a turd rolling downhill and collecting garbage.
I'm in a similar position with WoW, but it's tied to my friends, my guild, and I genuinely like playing it. So far I've found no rock solid way to play WoW on linux or I'd be done with Windows entirely.
Wow is one of the more community-supported games. I had battlenet and D3 working just fine. Grab Lutris and follow these instructions, you should be good. There are a lot of guides that show you how to get addons working, as well.
It runs just as fine as on Windows. Last I heard, the only thing that doesn't work is raytracing. So unless that's a deal-breaker for you, you should have no trouble running it.
It's kind of fascinating: the Steam Deck is the only device I can think of with a "halo effect" that doesn't involve giving a company more money: the ecosystem it pulls you into is an open one.
Addiction is extremely dangerous and you can end up wasting years of your life on something that really isn't that important to you.
It's sad how many people in my generation encourage others to become addicted to things like video games.
Games like league reward people who put more time into them while punishing those who put in less. It's particularly exploitative because it encourages us to spend as much time in the game as possible so we're as good as we can be when we're playing with our friends. It genuinely feels good to be good at the game because that transfers to wins for your team and respect from your peers.
More people playing competitive games need to realize the tricks at play to get them addicted as long as possible. I avoid games like that with other people because I know firsthand how detrimental they can be to my psyche.
I recommend playing co-op games instead. Focus on working together against the computer instead of fighting each other. That way there are challenges you can eventually beat, rather than fighting players who always put more time into the game than you.
I'm a Linux Pirate. It's possible to play co-op games online for free with programs such as Sunshine+Moonlight for streaming, emulators with netplay, and you can even play any LAN game online using something like Hamachi.
Is there a specific gaming distro this works best for? I've heard Bazzite thrown around, but then Mint would be the easier transition? Does Lutris run in the window manager like KDE plasma?
I think the problem for me is knowing just enough to know I don't know shit about how to do this 😅
IMO bazzite is too focused on gaming for people to be daily driving it for everything, but hey whatever works. Just hope they're not upset when something breaks and the response from bazzite is "well yeah, that's not something we bother testing for".
(I have bazzite on a HTPC in my living room, and I think it's perfectly suited for that usecase)
IMO Mint, Fedora, or OpenSUSE is going to offer the more stable, user-friendly experience long term. Install Lutris through the distro's package manager, launch it, install bnet through lutris, launch it, install wow through bnet, launch it, Thrall's your uncle 😉.
Edit: to answer your other question, yes Lutris runs as an app similar to how battle.net or steam works on windows. It's just that instead of having a storefront and downloading data directly from a central "lutris" server, it's basically a bunch of community-written scripts to automate the installation and configuration of games from all sorts of places. So when you tell lutris to install bnet, it's running a script that goes and downloads it from blizzard, then locally creates a wine environment, launches the installer in that environment, you install it like on windows, and then it creates a lutris launcher entry for the bnet executable so that when you click play on it in lutris, it will automatically launch it in a wine environment each time.
And it should all work in KDE plasma, gnome, cinnamon, or whatever window manager you're using (the window manager on msft windows is called dwm and it's responsible for the same job).
I finally made the switch on my gaming rig 2 weeks ago. I'm just done with windows. Its been fun setting up and getting it to work. I mostly play story driven games and rpgs. I have bnet installed through lutris to play diablo and Starcraft. I'm good. I think i may grab an amd gpu since ive been reading they work better than Nvidia. My Nvidia 5070 is working just fine though. I'm on PopOS.
Pop will make sure you're nice and comfortable. Its in the top two for great starter distros alongside Mint. Both will take care of you and your driver/dependency needs, regardless of GPU.
Honestly, unless you have any real problems running Nvidia, I'd say upgrading now would be a waste. Unless you need more vram for something like localhosting large AI LLMs. Nvidia is getting better at just being supported and stable out of the box, even on Wayland.
Definitely something to keep in mind when you actually need an upgrade, though. AMD and Linux just pair well without any extra steps, like coffee and cream.
But Nvidia is as easy as selecting proprietary drivers on install these days and has very little issues. At least not enough issues to warrant upgrading such a newer card. I'd just save the cash up for the next big AMD release.
Over time though I discovered it had tonnes of amazing features as a prose editor too, so many powerful plugins for editing prose that blew me away.
Stuff like "warn me if I use tthe same word too much" and whatnot.
And of course telescopes fuzzy find made jumping around to edit my text way faster, and being able to bulk change stuff with a simple :%s/.../.../g feels real good.
I highly recommend folks try out nvim for this use case :3
I’m looking to leave behind the graphical Obsidian app for neovim and plugins as I already use it for most of my other text editing. What is your setup and what plugins you recommend for neovim for general use, coding, and writing?
For me it was Destiny 2. I genuinely enjoy the moment to moment gameplay, and no other game has really matched it for me. The story and characters were engaging enough, even at the games lows, that I wanted to see the saga through to the end. I did week one of the raid for “The Final Shape” and then I booted into my Linux install and have not booted windows since. I’m about to fully wipe that drive and reuse it in a different Linux machine. My desire to quit windows, and my acute awareness of how much of my life and money I had put into Destiny over the last decade or so, made the switch honestly pretty easy.
I still game a good amount, but it’s much more intentional, and I don’t play any live service games which frees up money I don’t feel guilty putting toward indie games.
I quit League in 2019 when I finally built my own PC. I refused to put any games from Riot on the new computer. I played enough of the game to enjoy following the competitive scene to this day, and every now and then I get the desire to play. I’d really only do it with premade scrims of people I know.
I’ve recently found a gaming cafe in my city I might go to a few times a month to play a couple of those games I either can’t or refuse to install on my Linux machine.
My game of choice is CS2, so it didn't factor into my switch at all, but as someone who's been on EndeavourOS for a little over a week now, I have no regrets. Join uuuuus.
I never heard someone who is not Russian in the voice chat in CS2. Seeing that the skins are mostly exchanged there as well, I guessed the game was a Russian colony by now.
The aim is to score points by creating words, moving around in six directions in the grid, using consecutive letters.
When the user created longer words, coloured letters appear. The user can score more points by using these coloured letters.
More points can also be scored, when the user manages to create the bonus words.
When smaller words are created, or low point yielding words, red letters appear in the grid. If not used, these red letters will drop one cell in every turn.
When a red letter reaches beyond the bottom of the grid, the game is over.
The user can also reshuffle the letters in the grid, in order to be able to create words. However, there is a price to this action: the existing red letters will drop one cell, all other bonus coloured letters will be lost, and more red letters will appear.
If the score is among the 10 best scores achieved, it makes it in the Top Ten Highscores.
Recently in Spain we have suffered a complete power outage, with no electricity for a long time. Some were able to have power on their computers with generators, solar panels, etc. And I know you can have data connectivity with SDR or HAM radio. But my question here is, what are some good self-host/local offline software that we can have and use for when something like this happens. I know kiwix, and some other for manuals. Please feel free to share the ones you know and love, can be for any type of thing as long as it works completely offline, just name it. Of course for GNU/Linux (using Arch myself BTW). Thanks in advance.
A piece of software always runs locally. It is in some cases those who needs to communicate with the server fail to deliver the usual function you expect when offline.
Please do not confuse one to another.
And perhaps you can start by complaining which services you are using heavily relying on the server side? General questions attract general answers and IMHO you are better off just search on the internet.
I am aware of this, but neither is English my primary language (so I wasn't able of properly stating that) neither im asking for specific type of software, as you say this is indeed a general question asking for general software, I said to share whatever you like and use, as long as it can be of any use when there is a power outage. And I plan to share the responses to other people in fediverse of Spain that may need it here.
If you can get a few hundred watts of electrical power, StarLink is an option for broadband connectivity via satellite when all the local communications are down. Don't know why, but Star Link reminds me of Sky Net.
Linux is not really suited for the post-apocalitic no-internet world, the way the repositories are built and software is packed (almost nothing is static, a lot of dependencies on other packages everywhere) just makes it really impractical and hard to deal with those scenarios. Windows however is a much more solid and good option, yes, it's painful to hear this but in Windows you can get an exe from a friend in a flash drive and it runs as is. Sames goes for installers, reinstalling the OS etc. There's only a couple of .net framework installers that will cover dependencies for 99.99% of stuff in a few MB.
There are ways to deal with this. There's AppImage for GUI apps (that replicates the "just get an exe from a friend on a flash drive") and lots of bundling programs for non-GUI apps (I use nix-bundle because I use Nix, but there are other options too).
Lots of distro installers work offline too, by just bringing all the stuff you need as part of the installer.
And one major benefit of Linux is that when stuff does inevitably go wrong, it's infinitely easier to fix than proprietary garbage.
AppImage suffers from the same problem that Flatpak does, the tool do work offline aren't really good/solid and won't save you for sure. It also requires a bunch of very small details to all align and be correct for things to work out.
Imagine the post-apocalyptic scenario, if you're missing a dependency to get something running, or a driver, or something specific of your architecture that wasn't deployed by the friend alongside the AppImage / Flatpak (ie. GPU driver) you're cooked. Meanwhile on Windows it has basic GPU drivers for the entire OS bakes in, or you can probably fish around for an installer as fix the problem. It is way more likely that you'll find machines with Windows and windows drivers / installer than Linux ones with your very specific hardware configuration.
AppImage suffers from the same problem that Flatpak does, the tool do work offline aren’t really good/solid and won’t save you for sure
I've been using my laptop in areas without internet for days. It works fine.
It also requires a bunch of very small details to all align and be correct for things to work out.
I have appimage-run from nixpkgs installed, which handles all those details. They are also not too hard to figure out manually should you need to.
Imagine the post-apocalyptic scenario, if you’re missing a dependency to get something running, or a driver, or something specific of your architecture that wasn’t deployed by the friend alongside the AppImage / Flatpak (ie. GPU driver) you’re cooked.
GPU drivers are emphatically not part of the AppImage. They are provided by Mesa, which is almost guaranteed to be installed.
Meanwhile on Windows it has basic GPU drivers for the entire OS bakes in, or you can probably fish around for an installer as fix the problem
It's actually the other way around - if you want your GPU to work properly on a new Windows install, you have to fish around for AMD/NVidia drivers. On Linux Mesa is pretty much pre-installed on all distros.
It is way more likely that you’ll find machines with Windows and windows drivers / installer than Linux ones with your very specific hardware configuration.
LMAO, try moving a windows installation from Ryzen+AMD GPU to Intel+NVidia GPU and let me know how it goes (hint: you will have to manually uninstall, and then install a shit ton of drivers, for which you will need internet).
Meanwhile I'm typing this from a (Ryzen+AMD GPU) desktop which has an SSD from my (Intel+integrated graphics) laptop. When I plugged it in, it booted into sway just fine, with complete GPU support and all, and the only reason I had to update my config is to make it more convenient to use on the desktop.
Linux is not the best "apocalypse" OS, but it sure is better than Windows.
Meanwhile on Windows it has basic GPU drivers for the entire OS bakes in this is not true in fact, most of the machines I have here won't work with a Windows installer .iso or Windows OS itself and some of my hw don't even have drivers for it. So yeah no meanwhile, most GNU/Linux .iso distro installers have drivers already on the .iso itself, including propietary ones
doesn't this one needs a specific set of hardware? is it affordable here in Europe? thanks for sharing, I have heard of this for a long time but didn't get onto it, might look now that this happened
I have my homeserver rsync three Arch mirrors and three Arch ARM mirrors in rotation on three days every week. Thus I have full local repos for these. All my machines are configured to use this local repo. The reason I do this is precisely to be prepared for the inevitable 'Internet is broken' scenario.
A few notes about what ISO images Debian offers and how to download them. I'll also provide some useful tips on how to use Jigdo to archive the complete Debian repository into ISO images.
One can also use a cache to hold deb and rpm files requested by the machines. (Works great when running hundreds of systems. I like "apt-cache-ng". It will do deb and rpm.)
You mentioned ham radio --- definitely fun! It's a process to get into it though, as you need to study/pass an exam, and then you need a radio. Radios range from cheap ($25 or so) in the VHF/UHF ("walkie talkie"-style) to more expensive for an HF rig ($1000 range for 100W HF). If you want to get into low power ("QRP") it can be much cheaper. You also need a fair amount of space for a good antenna setup...
There are tons of different communication modes, some without a computer and, like you mentioned, some that use computers. wsjtx and fldigi are popular programs.
because just like first aid you need to be actually ready when needed and knowledge change over time. You need to actually try though, test your setup and yourself genuinely otherwise it is intelectual masturbation.
Gives you a bollywood experience right into your terminal, with more than 1000 ips simulated! An INFINITE amount of simulated names! Over 100 different types of glitches! An overly dramatic hack, just like seen in the movies! And more (If you -REALLY- have a lot of time to spend staring at this command.)
Click here to grab the C code, followed by instructions on how to compile it.
Hi Reddit! /u/xerohourFair use claim:-this serves an educational purpose in demonstrating computer illiteracy as it pertains to American Television-the clip ...
I wonder how hard it would be to make this a screensaver. Obviously this is a C program but I’ve got no idea what formats screensavers use to begin with.
Hello, im trying to install mint to try getting away from Microsoft, but im running into issues installing, and all my troubleshooting is making me even more confused (I am not very techy)
I have windows installed on my nvme drive, and a 30gb section partitioned off for mint. I also have an empty ssd for more storage (/home). When I go through the installation process, it doesn't recognize another operating system on the computer, and when I try "something else" to install it, I get an error saying "no EFI system partition was found".
I know I can partition off a small section for the EFI partition, but I am trying to dual boot and I assume this is not the right way to do it, especially considering it doesn't recognize that windows is on the system. I'm also very hesitant to just send it, as I don't want to lose any of my stuff (the most important stuff is backed up)
Edit: I'm trying to install mint 22.1, but almost all of the resources online are talking about 21
Edit 2: I have learned my BIOS mode is legacy, not UEIF (i assumed it was since my bios screen says UEIF when booting)
Edit: I just realised your Edit was saying you've got legacy bios! So this is all irrelevant. I'll leave it up in case it helps someone else.
Could it be selecting the wrong SSD to put the boot loader on?
When I reinstalled mint the other day on my laptop with an nvme and SSD (also dual boot) it labelled the extra SSD as sda and the original nvme as sdb, so it was going to try to put the bootloader on sda.
I set up the partitions on the third option (1. Install alongside windows; 2. Wipe everything; 3. Set it up manually) and on the manual setup there's a selector for the bootloader device just underneath the main section where you select partitions to use for /, /home, etc.
IIRC you set the bootloader to the full device (in my case sdb) not the EFI partition (sdb1) and it works out out.
Best bet when installing a second OS is to MANUALLY partition, select the existing fat-32 efi partition for efi, write the boot block to the drive you're going to boot off of, and choose free space for the remaining required partitions.
We get that question every few weeks. No, Lemmy isn't a "free speech" place. We tolerate a lot of things here, but the rules are made by the individual communities and instance admins. Generally, they remove misinformation, unhealthy things, hate and such. We don't know about any "islands" which treat things differently. Lemmy is Free Software, though. You're welcome to launch such an instance, and you'll be free to pass arbitrary rules in your own niche.
I meant island in the context of, a different Lemmy instance, separated from the tone and atmosphere of the rest of the network. But yes, we have a few people from other parts of the world as well.
That's what I wrote. Lemmy is a software, which can be ran on servers. You're currently on somebody else's server. In a group that is moderated by yet different people.... They gave some rules to you and you now have to choose whether you're willing to play by their rules.
Obviously, they haven't banned you yet, despite you saying lots of unproductive, short sentences. I'm not sure if your original question got answered here. If you're more interested in the details of how Lemmy works, read for example the documentation and Wikipedia article.
I switched to a Linux Mint/Win11 dual boot system over the weekend and installed Unity from Flathub. Running Unity Hub is fine but when I try to login, it hangs with no errors. I can log into the asset store just fine, so nothing wrong with the credentials. I'd like to know what terminal commands I could use to see what it's actually doing and figure out why it hangs.
I really don't want to continue using it in Windows and only keep it to run work programs, and really need to use Unity for University.
Edit: Troubleshooted via the terminal, then uninstalled the .Deb package that I downloaded from the Unity website and then followed another tutorial from another part of their website with terminal commands. Managed to log in and run my projects.
I am a long-time i3 user and have decided to switch to Sway. I have encountered a weird error which has left me utterly bamboozled.
I am using Ubuntu 24.04 which has gone from 20.04 -> 22.04 -> 24.04. It has Ubuntu-Gnome, i3 and Sway currently installed.
The issue
The error that I'm facing is when I'm using Sway, I simply don't have sudo access.
This is what the error looks like
$ sudo visudo
[sudo] password for xavier666:
Sorry, user xavier666 is not allowed to execute '/usr/sbin/visudo' as root on <HOSTNAME>.
When I switch back to i3, my permissions are fine for the same user. I have not done any crazy modifications to the sudoer's file as far as I can remember.
PS: I have added a command to no-sudo xavier666 ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/brightnessctl
The "fix"
I temporarily solved it by adding xavier666 ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL to the sudoer's file.
IMO, I think this should not be required. I don't remember ever adding the default user to the file for all the installations that I have done. (But this is the first time I've installed Sway)
Logs/Outputs
Running sudo -l without the fix (on Sway)
Matching Defaults entries for xavier666 on <HOSTNAME>:
env_reset, mail_badpass,
secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin\:/snap/bin,
use_pty
User xavier666 may run the following commands on <HOSTNAME>:
(root) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/brightnessctl
When I run the same command on i3, i get this (ALL : ALL) ALL extra line in the output. And when I run sudo -l with my fix on Sway, (ALL : ALL) ALL is present and the permission issue is fixed.
What is causing Sway to remove the root permission for the user?
Note: I'm just asking for the standard sudo behaviour. I'm not trying to run GUI applications as root.
Edit:
The issue was caused by swhkd. It was installed as a setuid binary (as instructed by the developer of the project). Once I switched back to sway's default keybinds and disabled swhkd, the permissions were back to normal. I removed my previous "fix" in the sudoers list and I still have sudo access.
Thanks a lot everyone and specially @gnuhaut@lemmy.ml for pointing me in the right direction.
but with the way the sway session is started, as opposed to the i3 session. We need more info on this.
I'm using gdm to start sway. I'm using the laptop's built-in fingerprint scanner to unlock (Not sure if it matters). I saved the fingerprint in the Gnome session long back.
gdm probably looks inside /usr/share/wayland-sessions and finds sway.desktop and uses it to launch Sway.
I've tried to keep things as vanilla as possible.
Isn’t i3 Xorg only, and sway wayland only?
Correct.
Maybe wayland is launched using restrictive set of permissions.
Yeah, it just calls the executable mentioned in the .desktop file (/usr/bin/sway). It should not be a GDM, issue, right?
I also checked that I don't have seatd installed, which is a "minimal user, seat and session management daemon" mentioned in arch wiki (wiki.archlinux.org/title/Sway). Could it be related?
Sorry, I have to go now. More tonight, if you want.
No hurry, the fix I am using is not causing issue. I just want to know why this is happening. This is a fun research problem.
PS: I checked Google and I didn't find anyone who has faced the same issue.
This goes a little beyond me because I have no idea how gdm would differentiate Xorg or wayland sessions.
Look into the session files themselves (.desktop) - they have an Exec= line. Then see if that's maybe just a shell wrapper around something else, e.g.: file /usr/bin/sway and see what it does.
Sorry what? As what user are you executing all these 'groups' commands? Unless Ubuntu does things significantly differently from Arch and Debian, there's something very fishy going on here. The "normal" user should not be in the root group, and root should not be in the normal user's group.
Have you done other things beside the "fix" you mentioned?
That "fix" from your op, btw, looks totally valid to me.
As what user are you executing all these ‘groups’ commands?
I'm using my default user (xavier666)
The “normal” user should not be in the root group, and root should not be in the normal user’s group.
I just made the user a root user/system administrator during the Ubuntu installation process, which is very standard.
Have you done other things beside the “fix” you mentioned?
AFAIK, I haven't done any changes. This is a single user system. I checked the contents of /etc/sudoers and these are the only other lines of significance. I didn't change them (Why are there % signs?)
# User privilege specification
root ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
xavier666 ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
# Members of the admin group may gain root privileges
%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL
# Allow members of group sudo to execute any command
%sudo ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
That “fix” from your op, btw, looks totally valid to me.
It's working fine also. However, I believe in "don't touch what ain't broke" and "why isn't it documented?"
However, in my installations I have never touched the sudoer file to make the ONLY user part of sudo group post install. Either I'm dumb or I'm launching sway/wayland with improper permissions.
I also can't find anything on the arch wiki which deals with this.
In that case Ubuntu DOES things differently. And weirdly imho, there's no reason for the normal user to be in the root group since they still need privilege escalation to edit system files.
If you use visudo to edit /etc/sudoers you don't have to worry about the syntax.
FWIW, this is what my perfectly healthy system looks like:
$ sudo grep -vE '^[[:space:]]*#|^[[:space:]]*$' /etc/sudoers
Defaults env_reset
Defaults mail_badpass
Defaults secure_path="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
Defaults use_pty
root ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
%sudo ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
@includedir /etc/sudoers.d
$ groups
a_norny_mousse adm dialout fax cdrom floppy tape sudo audio dip video plugdev netdev bluetooth lpadmin scanner
You will notice that my user is in the sudo group; this is enough to give them admin rights as per sudoers.
Good question, here's the explanation man sudoers offers:
The definitions of what constitutes a valid alias member follow.
User_List ::= User |
User ',' User_List
User ::= '!'* user name |
'!'* #user-ID |
'!'* %group |
'!'* %#group-ID |
'!'* +netgroup |
'!'* %:nonunix_group |
'!'* %:#nonunix_gid |
'!'* User_Alias
A User_List is made up of one or more user names, user-IDs
(prefixed with ‘#’), system group names and IDs (prefixed with ‘%’
and ‘%#’ respectively), netgroups (prefixed with ‘+’), non-Unix
group names and IDs (prefixed with ‘%:’ and ‘%:#’ respectively),
and User_Aliases. Each list item may be prefixed with zero or more
‘!’ operators. An odd number of ‘!’ operators negate the value of
the item; an even number just cancel each other out. User
netgroups are matched using the user and domain members only; the
host member is not used when matching.
TL;DR % let's the system know the following word is a group name, instead of a username
Can you provide output of which sway, sway --version, file $(which sway) and ls -l $(which sway)?
Also, can you run id, after logging in w/o gdm on the console, and then again after starting sway?
The fact that your group membership changes even when starting sway from a tty, as mentioned in some other comment, is super weird. I believe newer versions of sway should not mess with this.
AFAIK some versions ago, sway used to be (or at least could be) a setuid root binary (something something needed root privileges for some reason to do with h/w access), but no longer. Back then it looks like it did mess with group membership etc.
I have this hunch, that maybe your binary has the setgid bit set for some reason (due to, perhaps, an oversight made by the packager, because in the old package that was needed).
A funny thing; I think this has nothing to do with gdm. I have gdm disabled now and launching sway directly from the terminal and the issue still persists.
The problem goes away (xavier666 becomes part of sudo like expected) when I type exec su - xavier666 for that terminal session only. If I open a new terminal, it problem reappears. I'll just in case check if zsh/omyzsh is doing something funny.
Yeah so this does not confirm my hunch, and I don't think sway is changing your group membership. Version 1.9 does not allow sway to be installed setuid root, and it isn't, as confirmed by the ls output.
So it must be something else. It could be anything between the login shell in the console and the shell started with the messed up groups. What's weird is that in order to change group membership, you would need root permissions (technically you only need CAP_SETGID, but why would you have that?). I think there are really only two ways to do that: Run a binary that has the setuid bit (like e.g. sudo) or CAP_SETGID, or talk to some process (e.g. a daemon like systemd) that is already running as root, and ask it to do that for you.
I cannot imagine why anything between the login shell -> sway -> ??? -> zsh would be either setuid root, or have any reason or permission to change groups in any way. So that's really weird and interesting.
How do you open the shell inside sway? Keyboard binding from sway config? Launcher? Which terminal? Do any of the involved programs have setuid root bit set (looks like rws instead of x in ls -l output)?
About zsh: I mean I guess in theory one could change groups in the zsh configuration if you had the permissions (which you shouldn't have), but I cannot think of any reasonable explanation why anybody would want do that.
It was swhkd. Thank you very much for your insight and extremely detailed response!
$ ls -l $(which swhkd)
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 2583192 Mar 10 17:16 /usr/bin/swhkd
Since we know what's causing it, can you make a "guesstimate" of what it's doing? Why are other applications are getting infected by it? And why is a keybind manager affecting permissions?
I will raise an issue on their github. The project is already looking for maintainers.
For one user account, I want to have some bash scripts, which of course would be under version control.
The obvious solution is just to put the scripts in a git repository and make ~/bin a symlink to the scripts directory.
Now, it seems on systemd systems ~/.local/bin is supposedly the directory for user scripts.
My question, is mostly, what are the tradeoffs between using ~/bin and ~/.local/bin as directory for my own bash scripts?
One simple scenario I can come up with are 3rd party programs which might modify ~/.local/bin and put their own scripts/starters there, similar to 3rd party applications which put their *.desktop files in ~/.local/applications.
Any advice on this? Is ~/.local/bin safe to use for my scripts or should I stick to the classic ~/bin? Anyone has a better convention?
(Btw.: I am running Debian everywhere, so I do not worry about portability to non systemd Linux systems.)
i have ~/bin as a syncthing folder because i manage several machines and if i update a script on one machine i want that synced to all of them. Then i just use . local for stuff that doesnt need syncing.
Put them wherever you want, don't let Poettering dictate what you do with YOUR system. It is better NOT to put them in system directories since those will get overwritten by upgrades.
Package managers tend to assume they are the only ones touching files in /usr/share. You will find if you try to change any files there, the next update may delete or download a new version of the file, stomping your changes. Instead your local changes should go in /usr/local (if you want something system-wide) or ~/.local (if it only applies to a specific user).
Ex. If you made a custom .desktop file to show up in your app launcher, or a custom .xsession file to show up in a login manager.
Personally, I put a ~/.get-going or whatever you want to call it and put all my scripts in there. Name them with numbers first like “10-first.sh” “20-second.sh” and then just put a line in .bashrc or .zshrc or whatever you like. Aliases and any critical stuff last. Then one line in your rc file can include them all.
I made some bash scripts for distro-hopping that are now [undiscloded] years old so I can basically backup a few folders — the second being ~/bin where I put AppImages and stuff and sometimes ~/Development (I don’t always need the dev one because backups of those exist as repos) folder if I need to reinstall. A lot of people backup their whole home directory. But I prefer my method and that’s why we use Linux. I don’t want my settings for every app coming with me when I go on a new journey. Choose your own adventure.
Neither ~/bin or ~/.local/bin are part of most shell's default $PATH so you're going to have to modify the user's shell profile (or rc) to include it. It's possible that your favorite distro includes it but not mine. For example(s):
I'm not sure why you're bringing the XDG or systemd "standard" into this. POSIX standard would be more appropriate but they don't say anything on the matter, nor should they really. The most important thing is, be predictable. If the user has a problem with one of your scripts, what do they do first? which wolf_bin will show them the full path to the script. So really, the location does not matter much.
That said I would go with one of these two options:
1) Make a package for your distro. This may be overkill for a couple scripts but you did say they're in a git repository so you could automate it. The package would install to /usr/bin which would require sudo or root. If the scripts are only allowed to be run by one user, set the rwx and group permissions.
2) A pattern I like, especially for lightweight things such as scripts that don't require compiling or OS management and also are using git; a "hidden" or "dot" directory in the user's home where the repo lives e.g. ~/.lemmywolf/ Then add scripts directory to the user's $PATH e.g. PATH=$PATH:~/.lemmywolf/scripts. This is what some fairly large projects like pyenv or volta do. You could take it a step farther and modify this installer script to your liking github.com/pyenv/pyenv-install…
/edit 20 year Linux user (Redhat AS2.1) and 5 years of Unix (HPUX & Solaris) before that.
/edit2 I just noticed the pyenv-installer does not modify the user's shell profile. That could easily be added to the script though.
I’m not sure why you’re bringing the XDG or systemd “standard” into this.
Probably because in their "basedir" specification they do recommend ~/.local/bin to be in $PATH. I'm sure there's more than one distro following that spec, whether you'd consider it standard or not.
User-specific executable files may be stored in $HOME/.local/bin. Distributions should ensure this directory shows up in the UNIX $PATH environment variable, at an appropriate place.
1 Introduction # Various specifications specify files and file formats. This specification defines where these files should be looked for by defining one or more base directories relative to which files should be located.
Personally I put scripts in ~/.local/bin/scripts/ instead of just ~/.local/bin/ because I like to keep them separate from other binaries. To note: even though ~/.local/bin/ is in PATH, it's subfolders are not, so if you do that you need to add the scripts subfolder to PATH if you want to run the scripts directly.
Well actually my scripts are in mydotfilesrepo/home/.local/bin/scripts, and I use GNU Stow to symlink mydotfilesrepo/home to /home/myuser/ (same for mydotfilesrepo/etc/ and mydotfilesrepo/usr/ which are symlinked to /etc and /usr), but it's the same result. Stow is pretty cool for centralizing your configs and scripts in one repo !
I've never seen ~/bin before so I can't comment on whether it's a good idea.
I dislike having top-level directories in $HOME that aren't storing media or documents. Some linux ports of games are awful for littering your homedir or Documents. Just lazy devs. Put it all in ~/.local please folks!
Oh it's so annoying when apps put data in .mozilla, .vscode, and .whatevers in the home folder instead of following the specs and splitting it between .config, .local/share and so on... I have 31 .something in my home folder that shouldn't be there and It's a cluttered mess. And a few games not even bothering to start the folder names with a dot... 😡
I migrated to fish recently and at first I was really annoyed that I had to decompose my ~/.bash_aliases into 67 different script files inside ~/.config/fish/functions/, but (a) I was really impressed with the tools that fish gave me to quickly craft those script files (-
~> function serg
sed -i -e "s/$1/$2/g" $(rg -l "$1")
end
~> funcsave serg
funcsave: wrote ~/.config/fish/functions/serg.fish
) - and (b) I realized it was something I ought to have done a while ago anyway.
Anyway, all this to say that fish ships with a lot of cool, sensible & interesting features, and one of those features is a built-in place for where your user scripts should live. (Mine is a symlink to ~/Dropbox/config/fish_functions so that I don't need to migrate them across computers).
I really like fish. It's just so pragmatic, I don't know how to describe it differently. No groundbreaking concepts (like nu or elvish), but the tools you need are right there and easily accessible with syntax that doesn't make me scratch my head (bash).
What are your tips for faster boots? My system seems to hang a bit at POST until it boots into Mint. Right after post I'll get a blinking cursor for about a full minute until it boots in. All ssd, so I know it's something I must have done wrong. It's also a 14 year old processor (amd fx be 8 core, rx580), but win### booted faster on it.
Thank you all so much for your help, here is my output of systemd:
It must be something weird with my initial boot. I am dual booting, but on separate hard drives. My PC does have 6 hard drives in it however. Or, maybe something is messed up in my install?
fstrim.service is disk tool (that's supposed to only be run once a week, not every time you boot) that automatically cleans up old deleted SSD data. opensource.com/article/20/2/tr…
It looks like it's running too often, or on the wrong devices, every time you boot your computer. You can actually safely disable it; askubuntu.com/questions/116512… but it's worth looking into why it's taking so long and being run so often.
Running this should show you the log results of fstrim doing it's thing without actually doing anything; sudo fstrim --fstab --verbose --dry-run
These two will show the status of fstrim and it's autorun service;
systemctl status fstrim systemctl status fstrim.timer
I got most of this from a quick google search; duckduckgo.com/?q=fstrim.servi… You can do the same for the other major time-takers on your boot list. For comparison, here's the top results of my semi-fresh install of linux mint;
I use Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, dual-booted with Win10. Whenever I boot the system, it takes ~3 minutes. Also before the login screen, this thing comes up of which I am attaching a screenshot.
What does...
On my last computer I found that the boot process was looking for things that weren't there but that the motherboard had rudimentary functionality for like a floppy drive. It didn't even have a connector for one.
For whatever reason, that caused a 10-30 second delay while the kernel tried to determine if there was a floppy drive connected. Pretty sure I had everything disabled via the BIOS but apparently it wasn't disabled enough and the kernel could still see it.
That required throwing something into the system config, probably somewhere in /etc/modprobe.d, to blacklist that particular kernel module.
There was another problematic module as well; I can't remember what that was, but I'm pretty sure it was the same fix. Got the boot time to login screen down to less than 10 seconds.
But all that said, even on this computer where the boot time is pretty quick, I usually put the computer into suspend mode to keep times down.
The aim is to score points by creating words, moving around in six directions in the grid, using consecutive letters.
When the user created longer words, coloured letters appear. The user can score more points by using these coloured letters.
More points can also be scored, when the user manages to create the bonus words.
When smaller words are created, or low point yielding words, red letters appear in the grid. If not used, these red letters will drop one cell in every turn.
When a red letter reaches beyond the bottom of the grid, the game is over.
The user can also reshuffle the letters in the grid, in order to be able to create words. However, there is a price to this action: the existing red letters will drop one cell, all other bonus coloured letters will be lost, and more red letters will appear.
If the score is among the 10 best scores achieved, it makes it in the Top Ten Highscores.
This game is named sausage as a tribute to
Renowned writer and lexicographer Dr. Samuel Johnson starts to read a tiny scrap of paper containing Baldrick's miniscule novel:
Once upon a time, there was a lovely little sausage called...
...only to realize that after 18 years of arduous work, he failed to include the word SAUSAGE in his magnum opus.
One moderator from fosstodon is not 100% aligned to the prevailing ideology on Fedi.
Someone on Mastodon found "bad" posts from said moderator.
The mob went on to presume that someone that is not 100% aligned to their prevailing ideology is unfit to be considered human - let alone a moderator - so they went after the admins.
The admins claimed to have reviewed said mod actions, didn't find anything out of the ordinary, but still got rid of them.
Regardless of actions and reactions, the mob now successfully tainted the name and reputation of the instance.
Less-principled users of fosstodon are now just leaving the instance, for fear of being associated with them.
One of fosstodon's admins (the author of the blog post) is now saying "Screw you guys, I'm going ~~home~~ to Bluesky"
EDIT: There's more to it. Seems like said mod is also active on Reddit (lemm.ee/post/60365167)
I understand the concern to be honest. The problem here is that when someone is a bigot and they are at least reasonable enough to walk themselves out, the response of the community is to stain everyone else by association.
Trust is not associative, and tbh distrust probably should also not be.
almost any time I see someone complaining about a community at large, either that individual is a bigot or said community is and it shouldn’t be difficult to infer my opinion on which is more common
the age of ‘I’m just asking questions bro’ is over and concern trolling bigots killed it
we should all well know by now how the paradox of tolerance plays out, one way or the other
As a moderator myself, it's a pretty thankless job. It's a bit like being a politician in that no matter what you do, there are lots of people that are going to hate you.
I have to ask, then: what motivates people to do it?
If mods are not financially compensated for it, the only rational explanation is that they are either getting some form of benefit (soft power, access to privileged information) or they are getting some pleasure out of it, i.e, power tripping.
Don't really want to get too deep into it but its a Facebook community and its relevant to my business and I use the community to promote my business. It's become a large source of my business. It's the only reason I can't delete my Facebook profile.
Ah, I thought you were talking about something here on the Fediverse.
In any case, I wish people didn't feel afraid to talk about business here. Maybe more people would realize that behind the majority of "business" there are genuine people and not just the cartoon capitalist pigs.
I have a Ghost blog for my business. It'll be in the fedi as soon as they make that available for self-hosters. For now, it's just crossposting via MastoFeed. I've also contacted them about posting them to Lemmy, as it seems like a much more fitting platform.
Some people chose to do the right things because they are right
This is just another way of saying that people do things for moral validation - a.k.a, self-righteouness - and is no at all different from "power tripping".
That is a rather toxic way of looking at the world. I get it, I kind of can rationally understand the idea that you can explain all selfless behavior as being selfish because the least you get out of it is dopamine, so you are wired to feel good doing what you think is right.
Now, can you tell me how this is just not a very shitty and cynical lens to view humans through? I've had my nihilistic phase in my 20's. I hope you also find a way out of the hole of the "arbitrariness" of ethics.
Because each other is all we have, and ethics is ultimately what makes us human. The ability to reprogram our own pleasure circuit and maybe, just maybe, just use it to be not an asshole, just to start with. And then at some point just do something nice for others. Because if everybody did that, the world would not be the shithole it is.
I'm thankful to mods who volunteer their free time to tend to the garden of the communities they care about.
I am not at all talking about the cases of someone who is passionate about some topic and then goes on to cultivate a community around it, and I am not saying "every moderator is doing it for some ulterior motive".
I am talking specifically about the types that put on themselves to become mods of dozens of subreddits. Or instance admins that go months in a row begging for money to be able to pay their own bills, instead of shutting down the instance or make it only for those that contribute back.
IOW, I am talking about the cases where people act beyond what anyone would consider "healthy".
Ooof 😟 this morning i got the server bills and currently im still a massive €470+ short..
Upcoming week I'm gonna dedicate go clean up servers, merge some to cut costs
Unofrt active users has gone down but the cost do keep return and even increase …
Okay wow, thanks for the clarification. That is indeed weird. Yeah, then I guess I agree, it's really ... Just not very healthy behavior.
Okay I mean for some people maybe this whole Internet thing, becomes too much an end in itself, maybe they are missing something in life and trying to get it that way.
If you are employed, have family and/or friends and a hobby or two, how do you even have the time to mod dozens of subs and stuff like that?
So if they are doing it while being nice, one can actually say they could need some empathy. If they are not being nice, well, for such cases it might explain why the other things in life might be lacking.
Hey, any comparison to Ayn Rand or their fans should be an immediate ban. No need to go that low.
All I've been arguing with you could be summed up as "if we want the Fediverse to be universal, we will need to grow a lot faster and we need to accept the reality that not everyone values the same things as you do" and you responding "No, I don't to make the Fediverse universal because most people are too morally weak to stand for the things I care about".
(And if you think I am exagerating: don't make me look for the conversation where you said that people should be okay using this crap because the other open source alternatives committed the grave sin of "raising money from investors".)
But I think you still didn't get my argument last time. Tl;dr: there is no point in doing what you propose as it just results in recreating the same shit we already have. This has nothing to do with moral failings and everything with strategy and not repeating the same mistakes all over again.
And besides that I agree that Siskin isn't great, and most likely suggested this instead. And that "open-source alternative" is now open-core and can't pay their bloated expenses now that VC funding has run dry. I hope you see the irony in what you just wrote, because that is really a clear example of how unsustainable and ill advised that kind of growth is.
it just results in recreating the same shit we already have
This is you passing opinion as undisputed truth. I am not proposing "Let's take on the big corporations by building another big corporation", I am saying "we can get rid of the dominance from big corporations if we help foment an economy of small, independent businesses." and I am saying "if we keep this anti-business culture where we are hostile to even some food truck owner trying to connect to their customers, then don't complain when the food truck owner continues using Facebook/Instagram/Twitter".
And that “open-source alternative” is now open-core
Synapse is still AGPLv3. Their closed parts are for Enterprise. No one is being locked out of crucial features. No one is being locked out of reaching out other users of the network. No one is being forced to "upgrade" after reaching a certain size. To call it open-core is just yet-another display of bias.
and most likely suggested this (Monal) instead.
Monal does not make video calls! Not having video calls was a non-starter in 2015, let alone today.
because that is really a clear example of how unsustainable and ill advised that kind of growth is.
Is it? Because so far I managed to talk with a lot more people on Matrix than I ever did on XMPP, and that wouldn't change even if Element closed shop tomorrow. And even if it did, the odds would be highly in favor of some other company like Beeper picking up the pieces to serve its customers and it would still be in their interest to keep things open to have the ecosystem around.
So, at the end of the day, yes, I'd rather have this "unsustainable" growth than claiming any moral victory for sticking to the Betamax of chat protocols. This "unsustainable" system gave me and few hundred million people something that is far from perfect, but at least it can make video calls on iOS.
I like high quality communities, which cannot maintain quality without staff, and which would probably struggle to maintain any funding.
One example of a community I became a moderator for often had trolls occasionally show up and post obviously malicious content, and commercial ad spam. Due to timezone differences, these often took hours to be deleted by existing staff.
So it wasn't about morality, righteousness, money or power. It was about me wanting to develop a community I cared about.
Edit: in a comment chain, you mentioned people who clearly moderate for other motives. They exist, I've seen them and helped get some removed in one particular community. Like you said, there are other motivators.
Let’s please not forget that some people donate time and money because it gives them personal satisfaction to help out with something that is meaningful to them.
it gives them personal satisfaction to help out with something that is meaningful to them.
What about the cases where "what is meaningful to them" conflicts with "what is meaningful to the others"?
I said on a sibling comment but it bears repeating: I am not talking about someone who enjoys a hobby and goes on to create/mod a community about it. I am thinking about the cases where someone finds themselves as part of a large community and realizes that the majority of the members keep pushing you to things you either don't want to or disagree with.
It is a broader issue, namely: there is no such thing as doing a "thankless" job for purely altrustic reasons. This is not an issue on a small scale, but once it reaches it some critical mass we should wonder what motivates those who keep a position of authority.
(And before I get another barrage of people saying "I do it because I care about it/ I want to help / someone needs to do it"... yeah, sure, but if you are cultivating something because you happen to like the thing at hand , then you are doing for your own personal interest and it is not entirely altruistic. And that is totally fine.)
I legitimately did it because I had been a member of the community for years and really felt passionate about keeping its standards and making sure it remained safe for the community.
Would you do it for a community you didn't care about?
Do you think that doing something because you "really felt passionate about it" is "selfless"?
My "axe to grind" is not against mods. My "axe to grind" is against Small Fedi. I can elaborate more later if you want, but now I need to get back to work...
As I often do, I made a poll on the fediverse about two concepts I am interested in: Big Fedi versus Small Fedi. Although I think these are interesting topics, I couldn’t come up with exact summations of what the “Big Fedi” and “Small Fedi” positions are. So, I wanted to write down what I could here.
The fediverse, in this case, is an internetwork of social networks. It works a lot like email; you can have an account on one network and follow, message, and react to people (or bots) on other networks. The biggest software tool for making fediverse networks is Mastodon; there are a lot of other Open Source servers for setting up nodes. There are also some proprietary nodes — Meta Threads and Flipboard are two of the biggest.
The following are some clusters of ideas that I think coalesce into “Big Fedi” and “Small Fedi”. I haven’t been able to tie them all back to some fundamental principle on either side.
Big Fedi
The “Big Fedi” position is a set of ideas that roughly cluster together. Not everyone who agrees with one or a few of these agrees with them all, but I think they tend to be related.
The fediverse should be big. Real big. Like, everyone on the planet should have an account on the fediverse. It will make the internet better and the world better.
Weshould make choices that help bring the fediverse to new people. Because the fediverse should be big, we should be doing things to make it bigger; in particular, to bring it to more people.
There should be a lot of different account servers. (I’m using “account servers” instead of “instances” or “servers”.) It’s good to have a lot of choice, with a lot of different parameters: software interfaces, financial structure, what have you.
Commercial account servers are welcome. This variety includes commercial services. If they provide the right mix of features and trade-offs that certain people want, it’s good to have them, especially if they have a lot of users.
Moderation can be automated. Shared blocklists, machine learning, and other tools can be used to catch most of the problematic interactions on the fediverse.
Account servers can be big. It doesn’t matter how big they are: 1M, 10M, 100M, 1B people is fine.
The fediverse should have secondary services. In order to grow, we need secondary services, like people-finders, onboarding tools, global search, bridges, and so on.
The individual is central. People should be able to set up their environment how they like, including their social environment. They have the tools to do that. The account server may set some parameters around content or software usage, but otherwise it’s mostly a dumb pipe.
Connections should be person-to-person. The main social connection is through following someone. Building up this follow graph is important.
People I care about should be on the fediverse. I have a life outside the fediverse — friends, family, colleagues, neighbours. My governments, media, celebrities, sports figures, leaders in my industry. It would be good to have more of those people on the fediverse, so I can connect to them.
People should get to make choices about their account server. Everybody has different priorities: privacy, open source, moderation, cost, stability, features. We can all make our own choices about the account server we prefer.
It should be possible to have ad-free account servers. Technically and culturally, we should be able to set these up.
It should be possible to have Open Source account servers. People who prefer free network services should be able to run them and use them.
It should be possible to have algorithm-free account servers. You should be able to just follow things reverse chronologically.
It should be possible to have individually-run account servers. A normal technically-minded person should be able to run their own account server for themself, friends, their household, or even for a larger communty.
Harms that are mostly kept to account servers are up to people on those servers to solve. Good fences make good neighbours. If things become unbearable, people can move servers somewhat frictionlessly.
Affinity groups should stretch beyond account server boundaries. Groups, lists, and other social network features are important and should be fully federated. They should provide a lot of features.
There may be some harm that comes with growth; we can fix it later. We’re going to find problems as we go along. We can deal with them as we come to them.
The fediverse is going to look very different over time. The way things work now are not how they’re going to be 1, 3, 5, 10 years from now. Especially as the fediverse grows, different structures and ways of working are going to develop.
Open standards are important. By having public, open standards available through big standards organizations, we gain the buy-in from different account network operators to join the network. We definitely don’t have time to negotiate bilateral agreements; we need solid standards.
Variety in types of account server operators is good. Different people have different needs and tolerances. If we want to have more people, we need to cater to those different needs with different account servers.
Existing organizations can and should provide account servers. Not just existing tech companies; also businesses providing servers for their employees, universities for students, cities or other governments for their citizens.
Existing services, even if they’re bad, will become somewhat better if they have fediverse features. People on those services will get to connect with a variety of new people. They’ll find out about the fediverse, and might move to another account server, or try something else new.
It’s more important to bring good people to the fediverse than keep bad people off it. More people is good, and the people I care about on other networks are also good. There may be some bad people, too, but we’ll manage them.
Small Fedi
Here is a rough cluster of ideas that I’d call “Small Fedi”. Again, not everyone who agrees with one or two of these agrees with all of them.
The fediverse should be safe. Safe from harassment, safe from privacy violations.
Growth is not important. We’ve gotten along this long with a small fediverse. It’s OK how it is, so growth is not important. Growth is a capitalist mindset.
People who aren’t on the fediverse don’t matter as much as people who are. Their needs, at least. When discussing the future of the fediverse, we don’t need to talk about people on other networks much at all.
If people want to get on the fediverse, they can join an existing account server. We don’t need to bring new account servers to the fediverse; there are a lot already. People who really care about getting on the fediverse can join an existing account server, or set up their own. If they’re not willing to do this, they’re probably not that interested in the fediverse, so why should we bother trying to connect to them?
If growth could cause harm, we either should fix the problem before growing, or we shouldn’t grow. We should examine opportunities carefully, but by default we should say no.
Commercial account servers are discouraged. Most commercial services do harm. Even if they’re on the fediverse, they’re going to try to do harm to make more money. So, they should be avoided as much as possible.
Secondary services can cause harm and should be severely limited if allowed at all. People search and content search can be used for privacy invasion or harassment. Shared blocklists can be manipulated to cause echo chambers. Machine learning can be biased. Onboarding services favour big account servers. They should be discouraged or, preferably, closed.
The account server is central. Moderation decisions, cultural decisions, account decisions, most social decisions should happen at the account server level.
Account servers are the primary affinity group. You should find an account server that feels like home. Any other groups are less important.
Feeds like “fediverse” and “local” are important. There is a public community of account servers that your account server connects to, and the public feed from that community is important. You might use it more often than your home feed. Your local feed is also important, because your account server is a group you belong to.
Moderation should be primarily by hand. The courage and wisdom necessary to make most moderation decisions can only be managed by hand. Automated tools can be manipulated.
Account servers must be small. Human moderators can only do so much work, so the account servers they moderate can only be so big.
The fediverse works just about right right now, and shouldn’t change. There’s a good reason for how everything works, and it’s fine. People who want to change the way things work just don’t get it.
It’s not important that people from my real life are on the fediverse, and it’s kind of discouraged. The account server is the most important affinity group, then the larger “fediverse”. That’s enough; other people are needed or welcome. People who I know who aren’t on the fediverse don’t care about fediverse stuff, so they’d get bored here, anyway.
It is highly discouraged to have ad-supported account servers. Even if they only show ads to their own users, they are causing harm. In particular, they’re showing our content next to ads, or using our content to develop ad algorithms. Either way, harm goes beyond the server border.
It is highly discouraged to have proprietary account servers. They just can’t be trusted with their own users’ data. Also, they’re going to get some of our data, just through federation, and who knows what they’ll do with it.
It is highly discouraged to have algorithmic timelines. Anyone having these causes problems. If you want one, you just don’t get it.
Open standards are less important than making things work the way we want them. In particular, fiddling with standards to keep people safe, and to discourage particular account server structure, is an OK thing to do.
Most existing institutions have proved themselves untrustworthy and should not provide account servers. Name any particular part of civil society, and I can come up with an example of at least one bad practice they have.
Harms that happen on one account server are a problem for every account server. Server blocks, personal blocks, and protocol boundaries aren’t enough to isolate problems to their account server of origin. Secondary or tertiary effects can happen and cause harm.
Existing services, if they’re bad, will make the fediverse worse. Bad practices, bad content, bad members will cause problems for everyone on the fediverse.
It’s more important to keep bad people off the fediverse than to bring good people to it. Bad people can be really horrible. There aren’t actually that many good people on bad services, and if they really wanted to connect with us, they’d find another way.
Where do I land?
I’m mostly a Big Fedi person; I did the work on the fediverse that I’ve done in order to bring it to everyone on the planet. I don’t think people should have to pass a test to be allowed on the fediverse.
That said, I respect that harm can come from new technical decisions and new network connections. As someone deeply involved in the standards around ActivityPub and the fediverse, I’d like to make sure that we give people the tools they need to avoid harm — and stay out of the way when they use them. I very much like the Small Fedi suspicion of new services and account servers, and careful consideration of the possibilities.
I’d like to find ways to mitigate the problems of so many people on proprietary social networks being unconnected to the fediverse, but still centre the safety of existing fedizens. I don’t have an easy answer to how this can work, though.
Anyway, thanks for reading this far. Also, an acknowledgment: I borrowed the term “Small Fedi” without permission from Erin Kissane’s great piece on Untangling Threads. I’m also using it differently, stretching it out, which admittedly is an ingrateful thing with something you borrow. I hope it is not ruined by the time I return it.
Another acknowledgment: this framing is loosely based on the worse is better series of essays by Richard Gabriel. His lists of ideas are much shorter, more cohesive, and more algorithmic.
As I often do, I made a poll on the fediverse about two concepts I am interested in: Big Fedi versus Small Fedi. Although I think these are interesting topics, I couldn’t come up with exact s…
I think there is a spectrum between what you did (you were mod until you no longer thought that the pain of dealing with Reddit was worth it or morally justified) and someone who sticks around as a mod of 50+ subreddits because they see as an instrument of control, or someone that keeps running a big Mastodon instance despite financial struggles; and my point is to understand where most people lie.
Ugh, the comments here are so full of BS and distortions of what really happened 🤦
So here is the actual tl;dr: Some people asked the main Fosstodon admins what they think about having an openly Trump supporting, islamo- and transphobic moderator in their team and their response was "not here on Fosstodon and not our problem" (paraphrased, but close to their actual response).
That is pretty much like this scenario: lets say you get (credibly) informed about someone openly corrupt in your organization. If your response is: I have not seen them steal money in our organization and our processes should prevent any theft happening, then you are missing the forest for the trees.
If an organization can't get such basic governance issues right and prefers to hide behind a "neutral" stance on something that is really concerning to a large percentage of their members than they irrevocably lose a lot of trust and that is more than justified.
I want to install voidlinux. So I partitioned disk using cfdisk, but void-installer(and lsblk) show me different results. lsblk tells me that I have 4 partition, when cfdisk tells me only about 3. These partitions also have different sizes.
Block size? I’ve never seen that message before and I don’t think it’s relevant here. It should redetect the partitions to what they actually are though, but I assume it doesn’t for you.
Also, are you sure you want MBR on that disk instead of GPT? (At least, I think that’s what “Label: dos” means)
Actually, I don't really know differences between. Just all guides use cfdisk and I forgot about mbr and gpt. But I changed mbr to gpt using gdisk(after start he say, that I have mbr and gpt and which I want to use. I chose "create blank gpt" and now I can use gdisk to partition disk. And after gdisk lsblk show right information! Thats it
I built a home theater PC and now I'm obsessed with getting an xmb ui on there. I know retro arch has a nice implementation, but I couldn't find any support for jellyfin or spotify menu items. Should I forge ahead and create custom ones? Does anyone know a better way? Any advice is appreciated. Thanks!
Finally released an alpha build for the PeerTube recommendation algorithm! Basic UI is complete. If you want to try it out, the link is here: 👉 github.com/solidheron/peertube…
New features since the last build: - Sort by videos that share your time engagement similarity. - Sort by videos that share your like similarity. - Display of like similarity cosine values. - Basic information shown for recommended videos (title, account, and channel names). - 404 check for generated instance links (so you don’t get stuck clicking into dead videos—you’ll know which instance hosts the video). - De-ranking for previously seen videos (simply a 0.5x multiplier on time and like similarity).
Features from previous builds: - Ability to input multiple instance domain names (DNs) and generate playable video links. - Limit of 5 recommendations per channel to avoid floods (e.g., during testing, The Linux Experiment would dominate otherwise—this limit is more of a failsafe than a feature).
Personal thoughts: I still think cosine similarity beats chronological algorithms. This algorithm also synergizes with other algorithms—it's great for finding videos that appear next to or below what you're currently watching.
You can also revisit videos you previously liked to help strengthen your like similarity vectors.
Moving forward: basic design philosophies and current issues
There’s an issue I’m calling the “Linux pipeline.” Basically, Linux-related videos tend to dominate PeerTube’s well-produced content. Since the algorithm relies on English words in descriptions, titles, and tags, Linux videos—which sometimes have fewer general keywords—end up being more "orthogonal" to typical user vectors, causing lower ranking.
Another challenge: It’s really hard to properly combine like cosine similarity and time engagement cosine similarity. You could add them, but it doesn’t fully make sense: - High like similarity + high time engagement similarity = you probably like and will watch the video longer. - But short videos can be liked even if they contribute almost nothing to time engagement (because time engagement is based on percentage watched × video length).
If I combined them, it would basically enter machine learning territory: You'd have to adjust proportions dynamically based on user behavior. Since I want this algorithm scoped to one person only (no data sharing yet), that level of ML is out of scope for now.
(Sharing data across devices could come later—Brave browser has sync features, and PeerTube watch history syncing could be possible.)
Summary: Most of the data structure is settling into place. Future updates will probably focus on expanding the data structure and making small improvements.
currently just a browser extension that monitors your the peertube videos your watch and stores them locally - solidheron/peertube_recomendation_algorythm
A few years ago my wife and I built a computer out of old parts for her friend's then 10 years old son. Last month we were visiting them, and I heard the wife's friend say something funny that I thought I'd share with you.
They live on the other side of the city, this was the kid's first computer, and his mom doesn't have much computer experience either, so our goal was to build something that was easy to use and hard to break from the beginning. Originally I choose ElementaryOS since it seemed to fit the bill, but after a year or two it turned out that it couldn't be upgraded to a new major version without a full reinstall so it got stuck with an older version. We didn't visit that often, and the kid's games still worked so it wasn't a major issue until Factorio broke due to glibc incompatibility.
When his birthday was coming up last month we bought him a SSD to make the computer a little bit zippier without a major upgrade, and I thought I'd give him a brand new Linux experience too, so I asked for advice here and in the end chose Bazzite. While I was helping the kid with the installation, I overheard his mom saying in the other room:
This Linux thing.. We've never had any problems with it, he just clicks something to install it and it works. Unlike normal computers, where you always have to do things and fix them.
Perhaps not the most eloquent, but I consider it a very good review.
Couldn't find a dedicated community for distro recommendations, I hope it's ok to ask here.
A couple of years ago my wife and I built a computer and gave it to a friend's kid. We put ElementaryOS on it since that seemed pretty fool-proof, but it appears to require a re-install to upgrade major versions so it has been stuck with an old glibc and because of that he can't play Factorio.
For his 13:th birthday we bought him a SSD so it would be a good time to reinstall Linux, but is there perhaps some better choice than ElementaryOS? They live quite far away so I can't easily pop over to fix his computer if something breaks, we don't spend enough time there for me to teach him to fix things himself, and he doesn't seem very interested in learning how computers/operatings systems work either.
Hardware: Some old Intel CPU with 8GB DDR3 and a GTX1080
Usage: Gaming through Steam+Proton, Lutris and browsing.
Requirements: Games work, OS never breaks on updates. Doesn't need to be "kid proof", I don't think he touches any stuff he doesn't know what it does.
My ex father in law would always always ALWAYS install random ass flash games / random sketchy software and bork their windows PC. He was always complaining about popups and his antivirus was always flagging a threat etc.. they'd spend tons of money annually to have their computer fixed and he'd go right back to the same behavior.
Anyway... I installed a dual boot setup with his windows and Linux mint.
He bitched and complained about it.. but he never had any actual issues. His complaint was it was different. He ran mint until he died like 5 years later.
Thanks for sharing, this made me smile. Also it warms my heart to hear how you are making tech accessible to this kid.
Many of us take it for granted but I remember how my dad used to go over to family friends in his free-time to help with computer stuff. I feel like I was too young to learn but it did set an example for me.
So fun watching someone try Linux as their first OS, none of the "Linux is difficult because I learned how to use Windows" or "Linux is bad because it's not exactly like Windows" comments 😁 Roblox stopped working when the devs intentionally blocked Wine, but he just shrugged and said he didn't play it that much anyway.
It's a little heart breaking hearing him often ask which parts he could buy to get more FPS, because he'd need to replace half the computer to get a newer CPU and DDR4 RAM, since I suspect the DDR3 could be the current bottleneck. But other than that he's very happy with the computer.
Also it's recommended to not reinstall a bunch of stuff and just install the app when you needed it that's the power of Linux. Unless you just want to learn the software then disregard
I found Timeshift to be a disappointment. I tested it as I was setting my system up.
Install Linux Mint, obviously.
Install most main software I want.
Do a Timeshift backup.
Install more software I might want to try eventually.
Restore the Timeshift backup.
Result: The system still thought all the extra software packages were installed, but none of them actually worked. Like, if Timeshift is gonna uninstall packages that weren't present in the last backup, shouldn't it also unregister those packages as well?
To fix all that crap, I had to force reinstall all packages, which takes about as long as a full OS reinstall, but I was already happy with the rest of the configuration, so I ran...
Potentially unpopular opinion: a bunch of rust replacements for the common terminal utilities: eza, bat, dust, fd, helix. Also fish and nushell, yt-dlp, and some of my favorite programming languages.
For me personally I install kitty terminal and integrate it with fish asap. Then I waste a bunch of time customizing it to my liking. My preferred text editor is Kate regardless of what DE I'm using and I usually get bleachbit for basic cleanup.
Could you help me with bleachbit settings (tick boxes). Once when I used bleachbit, it changed back the icons of packages like Zen Browser that I have changed through Menu Edit. It also removed start up applications from the setting. I'm on Arch KDEplasma. So, I was wondering, which check box should I leave empty to preserve my icon customizations and startup apps?
Both are functional package managers and manage dependency trees better than flatpak IMO (also the package description languages mean you can manipulate the package definitions at install time much easier)
If you can't find a package in guix/nix then it behooves you to use flatpak
I'm going to try to mention things I haven't seen already written, though I may repeat some of the more important ones to me.
(In no particular order)
Terminal: - Kitty (Main Terminal) - Fish (Terminal Prompt) - Neovim (Code/Text editing) - Zoxide (a directory changer; once you go to a directory, you can type z and a partial name to go back to it) - Atuin (a command history lister, can get a key and bring over commands from other systems) - Midnight Commander (CLI file manager) - Btop (CLI system monitor) - Palette (I do a lot of theming in different configs as well as HTML/CSS, so its nice to have something to quick convert hex to RGB).
GUI: - Timeshift (backup/restore) - Eddie (for AirVPN) - novelWriter (my FAVORITE writing tool for my books) - Floorp (Firefox fork browser) - Conky Manager 2 (desktop monitoring widgets) - Rofi (keyboard launcher) - firewalld (tried this out recently, good firewall) - Flameshot (ALWAYS; its my favorite screenshot tool) - MPV (I still get VLC, but opt for MPV most of the time for videos/streaming) - Speedcrunch (A+ calculator) - Steam - Lutris - Protonup-QT (to inject GE Proton into Steam/Lutris) - Stremio (a great little streaming tool)
I would like to add that I do use Arch, but I'm fairly sure 99% of these packages, if not all of them, are available for most other distros.
Like the title says I want to install a Linux distro on my old laptop. I am currently looking into installing a SSD, but I want to learn a distro for fun! I haven't been able to find a good current resource aside from the Linux Masters here, so I am actually asking for help on the Internet! What distro is the best!?
EDIT: thanks so much everyone for your recommendations and advice! I installed a couple of different systems before deciding that I think the laptop can support Fedora with KDE plasma, and I'm finding it really attractive and easy to use. You will see once I get some more disk space used how the performance holds up! If it runs into trouble I might switch the machine back over to mint with, that one seemed to run really well and was pretty familiar seeming from my Windows days, also seem more low end and booted a little faster. I think I might even end up switching to Linux on my desktop I had so much fun with it last night!! I really appreciate all the information and will probably be experimenting with a more lightweight build on this computer in the future! I'm a Linux user and it was easier than I ever thought! ❤️
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I have an Asus Eee PC from 2009 running Puppy Linux (as a secondary device). As already pointed out you will need a leightweight distro and desktop environment.
distrochooser.de/ (available in English) can help you find the right distro, it also takes into account the age of your device.
Sounds like you are new to linux? I always recommend newbies start out with Ubuntu or Linux Mint. Ubuntu has a good installer with scripts that detect hardware, particularly older or fringe (wifi, etc) hardware. Is it the best? Not in my opinion, but you want your laptop to work and educate yourself on linux in the beginning. Once you are a moderate to advance user, switch to Arch, it is the best imo.
Well, I am a beginner to Linux but I have been pretty well involved with Windows systems in the past. Not that I necessarily want the appearance of Windows. I guess I'm looking for lightweight recommendations specifically, right now to bring this laptop back from like a 5+minute boot time
Are you just using this laptop to dip your toes into Linux and see if you like it? I would recommend Debian + XFCE. It's lightweight, it prioritizes stability over new features, and it's a fairly easy UI for a newbie to understand. Alternatively Linux Mint MATE Edition might be worth a try. It's also lightweight but is a bit more "up to date" than Debian feature wise.
Debian gets feature updates significantly slower than other distros, instead it focuses on insuring stability and security. It's rock solid.
Linux Mint is actually based on Ubuntu (which itself is derived from Debian), so for the most part the two are fairly similar. There are a few key differences but for someone learning Linux you don't need to worry about them. Pick one of them, get your feet wet, and then google the differences to see if you want to switch.
After all, endless Distro hopping is a right of passage for all fledgling Linux users! 😀
You do not state noobliness, ease of setup or time to install, number of failures/retries or anything like that.
**EDIT: you did state noobliness later on in comments so . . . i'd go stock debian +lxqt. ****
~~or all that I'd recommend arch. Do not use archinstall script , that reduces both learning and fun. Resource? follow the archwiki and go through lots of linked pages at each step. If you do wuss out and install stock debian (+lxqt)~~
maybe partition off a spare 10-20GB so you can play around with an arch install after you realise how boring and uneducational the others are (joke)
Hi all, I'm trying to have my rpi5 running raspberry OS communicate with the Internet only through the tun0 interface (vpn). For this I wanted to create a ufw ruleset. Unfortunately, I've hit a roadblock and I can't figure out where I'm going wrong.
Can you help me discover why this ruleset doesn't allow Internet communication over tun0? When I disable ufw I can access the Internet.
The VPN connection is already established, so it should keep working, right?
I hope you can help me out!
This is the script with the ruleset: sudo ufw reset
Set default policies
sudo ufw default deny incoming
sudo ufw default deny outgoing
Allow SSH access
sudo ufw allow ssh
Allow local network traffic
sudo ufw allow from 192.168.0.0/16
sudo ufw allow out to 192.168.0.0/16
Allow traffic through VPN tunnel
sudo ufw allow in on tun0
sudo ufw allow out on tun0
Add routing between interfaces (I read its necessary, not sure why?)
sudo ufw default deny outgoing
sudo ufw default deny incoming
sudo ufw allow out on tun0 from any to any
sudo ufw allow out to VPN_IP_ADDRESS proto udp
You have to do the last line for all your VPN server ips or the initial DNS request will not go through. If you connect through udp.
Just to be clear this is a killswitch, that's what you want right? So that it's only possible to connect through the VPN (tun0). And if the VPN goes down your internet gets "killed" so you don't leak your IP.
In that case you want to start ufw when you system starts, so you would need to whitelist your VPN but if your VPN is already connected it should work without whitelisting the IP I guess but never tried it since that's not recommended.
wg-quick takes a different approach, using an ip rule to send all traffic (except its own) to a different routing table with only the wireguard interface. I topped it up with iptables rules to block everything except DNS and the wireguard udp port on the main interface. I also disabled ipv6 on the main interface, to avoid any non-RFC1918 addresses appearing in the (in my case) container at all.
edit: you can also do ip rule matching based on uid, such that you could force all non-root users to use your custom route table.
If your concern is ensuring a killswitch type vpn setup, I do that but in a different and simple way.
I have a GLinet microrouter configured to join the vpn and active killswitch mode. This is 2 clicks in the menu. I connect it to my network via its wan port.
Everything I want behind the VPN gets connected to the microrouter lan port and job done.
Its simple and I can easily put a laptop or phone or whatever behind the microrouter and have confidence its only using the vpn.
When I travel I take a second microrouter with me to connect to the hotel wifi. All my devices are set to use the microrouter wifi so they never touch the hotel network, only the vpn. Easy, private, and avoids any filtering the hotek is doing.
This is a followup to my introduction of BlogOnLemmy, a simple blog frontend. If you haven't seen it, no need because I will be explaining how it works and how you can run your own BlogOnLemmy for free.
Leveraging the Federation
Having a platform to connect your content to likeminded people is invaluable. The Fediverse achieves this in a platform agnostic way, so in theory it shouldn't matter which platform we use. But platform have different userbases that interact with posts in different ways. I've always preferred the forum variety, where communities form and discussion is encouraged.
My posts are shared as original content on Lemmy, and that's who it's meant for. Choosing for a traditional blog style to make a more palatable platform for a wider audience, and in this way also promoting Lemmy.
Constraints
Starting off I did not want the upkeep of another federated instance. Not every new thing that is deployed on the Fediverse needs to stand on its own or made from the ground up as an ActivityPub compatible service. But rather use existing infrastructure, already federated, already primed for interconnectivity. Taking it one step further is not a having a back-end at all, a 'dumb' website as it were. Posts are made, edited, and cross-posted on Lemmy.
The world of CSS and JavaScript on the other hand - how websites are styled and made feature-rich - is littered with libraries. Being treated like black boxes, often just a few functions are used with the rest clogging up our internet experience. Even jQuery, which is used by over 74% of all websites, is already 23kB in its smallest form. I'm not planning on having the smallest possible footprint*, but rather showing a modern web browser provides an underused toolset of natively supported functionality; something the first webdevs would have given their left kidney for.
Lastly, to improve maintainability and simplicity, one page is enough for a blog. Provided that its content can be altered dynamically.
*See optimization
How it's made
1. URL: Category/post
Even before the browser completely loads the page, we can take a look at the URL. With our constraints only two types of additions are available for us, the anchor and GET parameters. When an anchor, or '#', is present websites scroll to a specific place in a website after loading. We can hijack this behavior and use it to load predefined categories. Like '#blog' or '#linkdumps'. For posts, '#/post/3139396' looks nicer than '?post=3139396', but anchors are rarely search engine compatible. So I'm extracting the GET parameter to load an individual post.
Running JavaScript before the page has done loading should be swift and easy, like coloring the filters or setting Dark/Light mode, so it doesn't delay the site.
2. API -> Lemmy
A simple 'Fetch' is all that's required. Lemmy's API is extensive already, because it's used by different frontends and apps that make an individual’s experience unique. When selecting a category, we are requesting all the posts made by me in one or more lemmy communities. A post or permalink uses the same post_id as on the Lemmy instance. Pretty straight forward.
3. Markdown -> HTML
When we get a reply from the Lemmy instance, the posts are formatted in Markdown. Just as they are when you submit the post. But our browsers use HTML, a different markup language that is interpretable by our browsers. This is where the only code that's not written by me steps in, a Markdown to HTML layer called snarkdown. It's very efficient and probably the smallest footprint possible for what it is, around 1kB.
Optimization
When my blog was launched, I was using a Cloudflare proxy, for no-hassle https handling, caching and CDN. Within the EU, I'm aiming for sub-100ms* to be faster than the blink of an eye. With a free tier of Cloudflare we can expect a variance between 150 and 600ms at best, but intercontinental caching can take seconds.
Nginx and OpenLiteSpeed are regarded as the fastest webservers out there, I often use Apache for testing but for deployment I prefer Nginx's speed and reliability. I could sidetrack here and write another 1000 words about the optimization of static content and TLS handling in Nginx, but that's a story for another time.
* For the website, API calls are made asynchronously while the page is loaded and are not counted
Mythical 14kB, or less?
All data being transferred on the internet is split up into manageable chunks or frames. Their size or Maximum Transmission Unit, is defined by IEEE 802.3-2022 1.4.207 with a maximum of 1518 bytes*. They usually carry 1460 bytes of actual application data, or Maximum Segment Size.
Followed by most server operating systems, RFC 6928 proposes 10x MSS (= Congestion Window) for the first reply. In other words, the server 'tests' your network by sending 10 frames at once. If your device acknowledges each frame, the server knows to double the Congestion Window every subsequent reply until some are dropped. This is called TCP Slow Start, defined in RFC 5681.
10 frames of 1460 bytes contain 14.6kB of usable data. Or at least, it used to. The modern web changed with the use of encryption. The Initial Congestion Window, in my use case, includes 2 TLS frames and from each frame it takes away an extra 29 bytes. Reducing our window to 11.4kB. If we manage our website to fit within this first Slow Start routine, we avoid an extra round trip in the TCP/IP-protocol. Speeding up the website as much as your latency to the server. Min-maxing TCP Traffic is the name of the game.
* Can vary with MTU settings of your network or interface, but around 1500 (+ 14 bytes for headers) is the widely accepted default
\ Visualizes two raw web requests, 10.7kB vs 13.3kB with TCP Slow Start\ - Above Blue: Request Starts\ - Between Green: TLS Handshake\ - Inside Red: Initial Congestion Window
Icons
Icons are tricky, because describing pixel positions takes up a considerable amount of data. Instead SVG's are commonplace, creating complex shapes programmatically, and significantly reducing its footprint. Feathericons is a FOSS icon library providing a beautiful SVG rendered solution for my navbar. For the favicon, or website icon, I coded it manually with the same font as the blog itself. But after different browsers took liberties rendering the font and spacing, I converted it to a path traced design. Describing each shape individually and making sure it's rendered the same consistently.
Regular vs. Inline vs Minified
If we sum up the filesizes we're looking at around 50kB of data. Luckily servers compress* our code, and are pretty good at it, leaving only 15kB to be transferred; just above our 11kB threshold. By making the code unreadable for humans using minifying scripts we can reduce the final size even more. Only... the files that make up this blog are split up. Common guidelines recommend doing so to prevent one big file clogging up load times. For us that means splitting up our precious 11kB in multiple round trips, the opposite of our goal. Inline code blocks to the rescue, with the added bonus of the entire site now being compressed into one file making the compression more efficient to end optimization at a neat 10.7kB.
* The Web uses Gzip. A more performant choice today is Brotli, which I compiled for use on my server
In Practice
All good in theory, now let's see the effect in practice. I've deployed the blog 4 times, and each version was measured for total download time from 20 requests. In the first graph we notice the impact of not staying inside the Initial Congestion Window, where only the second scenario is delayed by a second round trip when loading the first page.
Scenario 1. and 3. have separate files, and separate requests are made. Taking priority in displaying the website, or the first file, but neglecting potential useable space inside the init_cwnd. We can tell when comparing the second graph, it ends up almost doubling their respective total load times.
The final version is the only one transferring all the data in one round trip, and is the one deployed on the main site. With total download times as low as 51ms, around 150ms as a soft upper limit, and 85ms average in Europe. Unfortunately, that means worldwide tests show load times of 700ms, so I'll eventually implement a CDN.
Regular (14,46kB): no minification, separate files\ - dev3.martijn.sh/
Regular Minified (10,98kB): but still using separate files\ - dev2.martijn.sh/
Inline Minified (10,69kB): one page as small as possible\ - martijn.sh/
I'll be leaving up dev versions until there's a significant update to the site
Content Delivery Network
Speeds like this can only be achieved when you're close to my server, which is in London. For my Eurobros that means blazing fast response times. For anyone else, cdn.martijn.sh points to Cloudflare's CDN and git.martijn.sh to GitHub's CDN. These services allow us to distribute our blog to servers across the globe, so requesting clients always choose the closest server available.
An easy and free way of serving a static webpage. Fork the BlogOnLemmy repository and name it 'GitHub-Username'.github.io. Your website is now available as username.github.io and even supports the use of custom domain names. Mine is served at git.martijn.sh.
While testing its load times worldwide, I got response times as low as 64ms with 250ms on the high end. Not surprisingly they deliver the page slightly faster globally than Cloudflare does, because they're optimizing for static content.
Extra features
Taking over the Light or Dark mode of the users' device is a courtesy more than anything else. Adding to this, a selectable permanent setting. My way of highlighting the overuse of cookies and localStorage by giving the user the choice to store data of a website that is built from the ground up to not use any.
A memorable and interactable canvas to give a personal touch to the about me section.
Collapsed articles with a 'Read More'-Button.
'Load More'-Button loads the next 10 posts, so the page is as long as you want it to be
Webmentions
Essential for blogging in current year, Webmentions keep websites up-to-date when links to them are created or edited. Fortunately Lemmy has got us covered, when posts are made the first instance sends a Webmention to the hosters of any links that are mentioned in the post.
To stay within scope I'll be using webmention.io for now, which enables us to get notified when linked somewhere else by adding just a single line of HTML to our code.
Notes
Enabling HTTP2 or 3 did not speed up load times, in fact with protocol negotiations and TLS they added one more packet to the Initial Congestion Window.
For now, the apex domain will be pointing directly to my server, but more testing is required in choosing a CDN.
Editing this site for personal use requires knowledge of HTML and JS for now, but I might create a script to individualize blogs easier.
Feather is a collection of simply beautiful open source icons. Each icon is designed on a 24x24 grid with an emphasis on simplicity, consistency and readability.
I don't normally watch him but this popped on my feed, and I'm pretty impressed. Dude really fell the Arch+Hyprland rabbit hole and ended up loving it.
Probably one of the largest YouTuber switching to Linux, and is very positive about it.
According to a quick search: Paying non-english people to hold up a "Death to all jews" sign, saying the hard r n-word, mocking someone about an overdose with a meme, supporting a nazi YT channel, and fans defacing a ww2 memorial in his name
Never even knew this guy existed till last year, but seems par for the course for a lotta YT personalities.
the sign thing was a joke to see how far they would go (theverge.com/2017/2/13/1460506…), but i agree it's very questionable and bad taste/disgusting to publish the video.
he made this apology video much longer than the relevant stream clip two days later for the hard-r incident: I think it's pretty convincing.
these incidents were also horrible, but he also apologized for them well, and everything you mentioned was in 2018 and it doesn't seem like there was much since. bbc.com/news/newsbeat-44969322 in the case of the nazi channel, it was based on his impression of a single video that reviews death note and only had a dozen or so seconds of nazi references (joking about the charlottesville car attack) theverge.com/2018/12/10/181347…
it should be really clear that pewdiepie encouraged neither distasteful vandalism nor the las vegas shooter. pewdiepie was the biggest meme on youtube at the time, especially amid the giant subscribers race against t-series. 4-chan and its extensions tend to gravitate towards macho online culture.
PewDiePie is facing controversy again after shouting out a YouTube creator, E;R, whose channel includes hateful and anti-Semitic content. E;R’s videos violate YouTube’s community guidelines, but remain up.
Are you defending him because he apologized after backlash? I don't understand what your reply is meant for; I was just answering another poster's question.
some of these things are hideous. some of these things the way you word them makes them sound way worse than I actually are, like the one with the death note review. and i don't think he's a nazi is what i'm saying. and i think not having things repeat is an indication of taking in the lessons learnt and lends credence to the apologies.
The reason it’s par for the course is because people like him made people connect the dots between getting famous/rich and being a bigoted piece of shit. He could’ve done something productive with his fame and he chose to literally be a Nazi. If he actually wants to not be associated with that, which I doubt he cares about, then he needs to at least acknowledge he did it and maybe even say it was wrong. Seems like a pretty reasonable place to start if you ask me
That was 7 years ago, and he seems to have distanced himself from that past. He's kind of retired from the whole gaming channel thing and does more family life things.
It came to my attention yesterday that some have been pointing to my videos and saying that I am giving credibility to the anti-Semitic movement, and my fans are part of it as well for watching. I...
Anyone wondering about the grep for balls results around 11:40, it looks like Spotify uses zxcvbn as a password strength checker, which contains some dictionary lists of common words people put in passwords, in order of how common they are.
Hackers will use this as one main technique for password guessing (as opposed to a simple brute force, like "0000", "0001", "0002", ... , "9999", it will probably be faster if we start with "1234", "1776", etc.). When I say 'dictionary', I don't just mean English words; the name of zxcvbn itself is an example of a common pattern, one that people think they're really smart for choosing and super easy to remember and type, but one hackers will obviously be aware of too, just like turning password into P455w0rd1!.
Today i took my first steps into the world of Linux by creating a bookable Mint Cinamon USB stick to fuck around on without wiping or portioning my laptop drive.
I realised windows has the biggest vulnerability for the average user.
While booting off of the usb I could access all the data on my laptop without having to input a password.
After some research it appears drives need to be encrypted to prevent this, so how is this not the default case in Windows?
I'm sure there are people aware but for the laymen this is such a massive vulnerability.
Yep! They don't teach this stuff because consumer level cyber security is in the absolute pits of despair and moreover, they're trying to do away with what little we have access to. Governments and police agencies like how easy it is to access files.
Personally I don't bother with full disk encryption (FDE) since I don't really have anything private on my main computer. Just a bunch of game files, comics, movies, etc. Anything extremely important such as tax documents, personal data, etc. is honestly very small and I keep in a little Proton Drive folder, <1GB total. I think the best approach is to simply educate yourself and be aware of what's worth protecting and how best to protect that. Just enabling FDE and thinking you're safe ignores all the other avenues that personal data can be stolen.
My current pet conspiracy theory is that FDE with BitLocker isn't even worth it on Windows due to the TPM requirement. Why is that a bad thing? Your system probably has fTPM supported by the BIOS, why not just enable that?
Integrating with features like Secure Boot and Windows Hello for Business, TPM 2.0 enhances security by ensuring that only verified software is executed and protecting confidential details.
ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5… (I don't believe we'll see this EXACT implementation of DRM, I'm just providing an example of TPM being used for DRM and that these ideas have been in consideration since at least 2009).
Now, if I were Microsoft and I wanted to exert an excessive amount of control over your system by making sure you couldn't run any inauthentic or "pirated" software to bring it more inline with the walled garden Apple approach they've been salivating over for the past decade+, you'd first need to ensure you had a good baseline enabled. You know, kind of like the thing you'd do by forcing everyone into an OS upgrade and trashing a lot of old hardware.
It won't be instantaneous, I don't know exactly how or what it's going to look like when they start tightening their grip. Again, this is all speculation, but it's not hard to connect the dots and their behavior over the past couple years does not give them the benefit of the doubt. Microsoft is no longer a company that can be assumed to be acting in the best interest of the average consumer, they're not doing this for your security. They want to know that your computer is a "trusted platform".
With Windows 10 end of support approaching, it’s important to revisit a key minimum system requirement for Windows 11: Trusted Platform Module (TPM) 2.0.
By the way, no different for Linux, if you boot off of USB you can mount partitions and access anything if not encrypted and linux windows, encryption is not the default.
I still remember years ago one time windows fucked itself and god knows why I couldn't fix it even with USB recovery or stuff like that (long time ago, I don't remember).
Since I couldn't boot into recovery mode the easiest way to backup my stuff to a connected external drive was "open notepad from the command line -> use the GUI send to.. command to send the files to the external drive -> wait and profit" lol.
I'm sure there are people aware but for the laymen this is such a massive vulnerability.
This is only a vulnerability if you suspect a threat actor might physically access your computer. For most people, this is not a concern. There's also the issue that it has processing overhead, so it might make certain operations feel sluggish.
Encryption is not a panacea, because if someone ever forgets their password (something common for the layperson), the data on that drive is inaccessible. No chance for recovery. Certain types of software may not like it either. It's one of many considerations someone should make when determining their own threat model, but this is not a security flaw. It's an option for consideration, and most people are probably better off from a useability standpoint with encryption disabled by default.
I think it just really goes to show you can't hide anything on a computer physically.
I also feel this is something that should be taught in school (maybe it is i finished school over 13 years ago)
I always knew there were ways to recover files off of hard drives. I just assumed they needed to be physically remounted not just plug in a usb and off you go
I think it just really goes to show you can't hide anything on a computer physically.
What do you mean? It's certainly possible when using encryption software such as bitlocker. It's just not always enabled by default.In fact it's saved my ass from total data loss a couple of times.
If you can make sure nobody has physical access to your pc than there's a case to be made that you don't need it, and if you can't and are afraid that someone has both knowledge of this fact and the intention to (ab)use it, you use bitlocker.
This is not that big of a deal most of the time, since you are the only person interacting with your computer, but it's worth remembering when you decide to recycle or donate -- you have to securely wipe in that case. Also bear in mind, if you do encrypt your drive, there are now more possibilities for total data loss.
Oh, fun fact: you can change a users windows password inside Linux. Comes in handy for recovery, ie, user forgot their password.
Yes, any laptop without an encrypted storage drive will have its data accessible by someone booting from a live USB.
It really is a massive vulnerability, but it's not well known because so few people even understand the concept of a 'live USB' to make it a widespread threat or concern.
So yeah, if you're ever in possession of a Windows machine that doesn't have an encrypted disk, you can view the users' files without knowing their password via a live USB.
The developer is just kind of insane. They reimplemented wlroots from scratch all on their own, a feat that cannot be understated, and the reason they did that is because of how massively they were outpacing wlroots development in terms of features.
just some things:
a full proper animation stack for eyecandy
single window capture (sway still doesn't have this)
keypress forwarding to specific windows (like xdotool)
color management and HDR (sway is just now getting this)
proper permission management for screencopy (coming in the newest version, first compositor to implement)
a full plugin system for extra things you want to do
a proper app not responding dialog
If the feature exists, hyprland has it, almost guaranteed, they are not minimalists, which I appreciate right now while wayland is still getting everything sorted out.
Oh they finally fixed the bloody dock. I used it ages ago when it was still oval and those square icons looked terrible on it. This is much better.
Have they given any updates on HDR support? I remember them mentioning years back that they planned it for the final release but I've not heard anything since.
I've seen people advocating for both options, but since I'm still new to Linux I'm not sure what to do. I'm currently installing Mint on my laptop to try it out, and I'm not sure if I should enable secure boot or not.
Secure boot is a good thing. It's a security feature. You want it on whenever possible, unless it's a huge trouble (like if you have to start manually signing your own keys and adding them to the bios).
Linux supports secure boot so if a distro supports it it's worth using it.
Linux can use a key signed by Microsoft in a preboot loader and then itself perform its own key authentications for all other processes and software (a shim), forming a secure chain from the BIOS up during boot. You dont have to play with creating your own keys.
So if your OS supports secure boot it is worth using it for added security at boot. Its far from perfect in this set up (as there are plenty of windows OS that also have permission to boot) but it is better than a free for all without it even if the risk is very low.
You can go further an generate your own keys and use secure boot and TPM together to lock down the system further but you dont have to to get some benefits from secure boot.
Its not doing nothing. Linux uses a Microsoft provided key for initial BIOS authentication and then has its own tree of keys that it uses for security. So it does have the benefits of locking out malicious code/processes even in a default set up.
Using your own secure boot and TPM keys is certainly more secure, but it doesnt follow that secure boot with the default set up is doing nothing to help secure your system at boot.
If your linux OS supports secure boot then it does help improve security.
The differing opinions on it are often because it can cause issues in some set ups andninna default set up and its only a marginal security gainninnthebdefault set up.
It will add a layer of security at boot by preventing 3rd party unauthenticated processes / software from running and creates a secure boot chain from your BIOS up to the OS. But the default set up also means other authenticated OSes like Windows can be run, so its not as secure as it could be.
To really secure it you could create your own keys and then only your OS could boot. But as a linux newbie thats likely way more than you need and there iare risks of you fuck up.
So your choice is really just the default set up being on or off. On is a bit more secure but of you experience any issues then turn it off and don't sorry about it.
If you want extra security turn it on. Or you want windows or any game to shutup about security boot being off The only problem with security boot if you care about this is that it's managed by Microsoft(most of the time)
As always, the answer is "depends". It shouldn't hurt unless you're dual-booting windows (they used it last her as a weapon in their "mess up grub" game), but, Imo, it's worth the trouble if:
your data is also encrypted -- otherwise one just removes the HDD/SSD and reads what they need;
you provision your own keys -- to not depend on Microsoft signing shims for you;
you delete the already provisioned keys -- Microsoft signed a few vulnerable things, like one kaspersky's (iirc) live CD with grub not locked down, so one can boot up literally anything anyway;
you lock down grub or whatever bootloader you're using -- otherwise you become that vulnerable live cd;
you password lock the uefi -- otherwise one can simply disable the secureboot;
your vendor's implementation isn't terribly buggy -- iirc, some MSI laptops would just ignore all the discrepancies.
So, a lot of ifs, and a necessity to store the uefi password somewhere safe, as those may be a pita to reset.
As for standalone stuff -- idk, it might protect you from malware injecting itself into the bootloader or something, but given there's likely no chain of trust (I.e. the bootloader doesn't check what it bootloads), it can move in on some later step.
Simply: Do the protections against someone taking your computer and installing a malicious program before u, or a program that has attained root on your machine and installs itself before/as your OS, matter enough to you to justify the increased risk of being locked out of your machine and the effort to set it up and understand it.
If you don't understand and don't want to, then my advice would be to leave it off. Its simple, and the likelihood it saves you is probably very miniscule.
Tpm is for crypto and secure generation and storage of values for use in encryption generally. Secureboot is just firmware verification of loaded binaries from boot on out, they’re 2 different pieces and are not really relevant to each other, unless you’re like me and have a fully customized bootloader with keys in TPM and an EFI module with support for the TPM and unlocking your boot drive.
Cool story bro. And I am one of the 9 people that worked on the team at Intel to implement your modern EFI/UEFI.
I just don’t have the time or energy to sit here and explain the whole fucking stack to a bunch of people who mostly could care less. But, Secureboot, it’s a good thing, and the tools on linux get better every hour. Check out lanzaboote.
For TVs the manufacturers are the ones who control the bloated adware and make money off of it while on notebooks and laptops it is Micro$oft. Except maybe for TVs coming with Android TV OS, but I think even that can be modified to promote their services.
Fair. Although, I consider Microsoft's market "Most laptops" since Apple kind of does its own thing and Chromebooks are ultra-low end laptops. Thus Microsoft gets ~95% of the market for themselves.
Personally, I'd say that's a clear case of monopoly since MS controls this entire segment of "non-Apple, non-ultra low power laptop, PCs", but you're right - there are other players. The thing is, they have relatively tiny niches in which they thrive and in fact pose no threat to the monopolist.
But I now I see how you see it as an oligopoly, which is quite valid.
Something I've wondered. One of those "too good to be true, it probably is" type things. With all the FOSS especially for linux, installing package after package because a web search said it would fix your problem, how is it Linux isn't full of malware and such?
Id like to understand better so I can explain to others who are afraid of FOSS for those reasons. My best response is that since it's open source, people can see what it's doing and would right away notice something malicious. I wouldn't, since I'm not that into code, but others would.
Well if you use a Linux distribution, you generally get your software from some central package repository. That's driven by maintainers who look at the software, the updates... They patch the software, make sure it runs smoothly on your system and is tied into other things... They'll also have a look at security vulnerabilities and security in general.
Other than that, there isn't much really "stopping" people from writing malware. We have tons of it. Fake VLC versions, copycats on the iPhone appstore... MS Windows is full of advertisements and features that send data "home". They introduce features which border on being malware all the time.. We have trojans, viruses etc. It's all out there.
Generally, it's a good idea to think before executing random code from the internet. Is it from a trustworthy source? Are other people using a piece of software and they'd have noticed if it deleted all files?
Usually, we have more good people than bad. And people need some motivation. It's unlikely someone invests 10 years of their life to develop a shiny and polished office suite, just so they can run some malware somewhere. There are easier ways to accomplish that. So it generally doesn't happen that way. It's theoretically possible, though.
And in the old way is: Windows, Android etc are way more popular. If someone wants to do something malicious, they likely don't target the 1-2% using a different operating system. They are going to write malware for a more popular operating system. And on the server, where Linux dominates the market, admins execute less random code. They'll know they want MariaDB and where to get it. So it's harder to do an attack this way.
And if I imagine being the attacker... What would be a reason to include malware in a FOSS project? Just to wreck havock and mess with people? That sounds like a 16 yo with too much time on their hands. But we have very few of those in the free software community. So that's a bit unlikely... If someone wants a botnet, there might be easier ways to do it. And for a targeted attack, you wouldn't hide your malware in a random project... So I generally don't see many reasons for someone to combine malware with useful FOSS software.
I've just upgraded to Fedora Workstation 42 and am now unable to activate any GNOME extensions. The little switches in the GUI do not respond and it's the same for all extensions. The Extensions and Extensions Manager apps are both installed as flatpaks - do I need to adjust their permissions in Flatseal? Is the problem due to something else? Thanks!
Edit/solution: I totally missed the 'Use Extensions' switch at the very top. All my extensions are working on the current GNOME version (48) now. I am the most silly. Hopefully the other solutions in the comments will be useful to someone else in future 😀
As others have pointed out, the extensions are likely not (officially) compatible with the new version of GNOME yet. Which extensions are you having trouble with?
There are a couple of extensions that are available for installation through dnf for which Fedora takes care of making them compatible at the same time at which they make available a new version of GNOME. Caffeine and Dash To Panel are two examples. For a full-ish list, try dnf search gnome-shell-extension.
I have searched this for a while and seems i can't get my search terms right.
Back when ifuo/down system worked custom scripts were put under '/etc/network/if-up.d' etc. Now ubuntu uses netplan. But where to put custom script? That would handle tc rules in my case. /etc/networkd-dispatcher/routable.d was told by internet but that just trows error during boot; ERROR:Unknown state for interface.
Use this tutorial to learn about basic use of the Netplan utility: how to set up an environment to try it, run it for the first time, check its configuration, and modify its settings. Trying Netpla...
Looked url, searched 'custom' and 'script' (page and site) with no match that im looking for. All i know now and looking more around; netplan way to use custom script when interface comes up is networkd-dispatcher way, that in Ubuntu 24.04 do not work.
Ahh I see, I didn't know what tc was and assumed it was a typo and ignored it. I searched for a bit for your specific problem and didn't come up with much other than this:
You could also try
/usr/lib/networkd-dispatcher/routable.d/
Looks like you can also specify the scripts directoy with -S flag
I haven’t tried Linux in a while and only really played around with XFCE and Cinnamon and reviving my old laptops, but I’ve just tried KDE Plasma and GNOME for a bit and DAMN they look good. Modern looking and not the weird Mica effect that Windows has. Very clean!
They both look great and I wouldn’t say one looks better than the other, just preference probably, just that GNOME looks more bubbly + rounded + bit like MacOS in a good way and Plasma looks more blocky + similar to Win10 taskbar
The touchscreen buts still appear to need a bit of work, on both Plasma and GNOME I made it freeze. For Plasma I opened the launcher button and tried to use the onscreen keyboard, and it kept on opening and closing very quickly, for GNOME I did the three finger swipe up gesture and everything became unresponsive. Also, Bluetooth weirdly doesn’t work on KDE but does on GNOME. Huh. Maybe just my device?
I really want to switch soon, maybe during the holidays I’ll get round to it 😁
edit: I think it’s pretty crazy that a relatively small team (compared to the likes of Microsoft) can offer such a good UI and overall user experience! That’s insane! The people who help make the distros are doing very good work and I wish them the best of luck! Hopefully the weird quirks and compatibility issues will iron out and Linux becomes mainsteam 😁
also one annoying thing is that normally on windows, since my laptop is one of those flexy 2-in-1s, it auto-rotates depending on how you put it (like “tent mode” or “book mode”). On both KDE Plasma and GNOME, it doesn’t work. I guess my specific device isn’t supported? I can live with that though, I can rotate the screen manually and don’t realistically rotate the screen all too often.
Ich habe eine Linux-Einsteigergruppe auf deutsch erstellt! Das Ziel ist, ohne Sprachbarriere ausschließlich bei Linux zu helfen und darüber auszutauschen.
Hi, I tried using an email client over a year ago, and after trying almost all of them in the span of a week I gave up in frustration. Would anyone have a recommendation ? For an email client : - That is actively maintained - That is not controlled by a company that could pull a Mozilla on it (Thunderbird) - That doesn't need 77 dependencies and 450 GB (WTF KMail 😭 ) - That is reasonably fast and light and not too bloated (I just want to read emails, I don't need a full app suite...) - That supports POP - That supports writing HTML messages (sorry Claws, I really liked you but occasionally I kinda need to write formatted messages to preserve other people's sanity 😅 ) - That supports reading HTML messages without showing the HTML version as attachments so that every single email has the paperclip icon and I can't tell which messages have real attachments (Sylpheed I think ?) - That supports MailDir format for portability (why isn't it the default everywhere already instead of weird non-portable formats ? 😭 ) - If possible, that doesn't have an interface that's so awful it's a pain to find anything (Thunderbird)
I also tested Geary and another one but I don't remember much about it... I can't find out whether Geary does support POP and maildir, its documentation page is... well it's a list 8 lines long, but on a page called "Documentation" so it's technically counts as documentation I guess ? 😅 wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Geary/Docu…
yeah, I use Thunderbird, but it bothers me how slow it feels and the frequent little UI bugs with unread flags not updating and the delay of messages to show up in the unified inbox.
It's nice that Betterbird has a system tray (I can't believe how a standalone desktop app for emails neglects this, like TB does), but it still inherits a lot of the problems TB has.
v137 on KDE, there's no minimize or close to tray option in the settings, like some screenshots suggest.
Thunderbird extensions for that don't work on recent versions, and KDocker - which I used for a couple of years - doesn't seem to work on Wayland. So the only option on some DEs seems to migrate to Betterbird.
Personally, I use mu4e (part of the mu software) to read, organise, compose and send emails. It uses a text-based interface, and runs from within the GNU EMacs editor. Emails are stored locally in the Maildir format.
It is actively maintained and open source, and not controlled by a company
Apart from xapian and EMacs, chances are that you have the dependencies already installed
Mails can be composed in HTML format, but this may take a few extra tweaks. (I do not do this myself.)
Emails have to be stored in the Maildir format to be indexed using mu and viewed with mu4e
Neither POP nor IMAP are directly supported. To fetch or sync emails from/with an external server, external applications can be called, like mbsync (for IMAP), offlineimap (same), or fetchmail in unison with a locally running postfix MTA (for POP)
I am not sure if I can recommend this solution, as it can be a bit technical compared with other email clients. For me, it is entirely worth it, though.
+1 for mu4e, really awesome software. There are a few HTML composing tweaks possible, I use org-msg that lets me compose HTML with org. (See my configuration.)
Yes I would really have liked to have kept it but the lack of html formatting is a deal breaker... it's still a very good mail client that doesn't get enough love though
I just installed it to give it a try but it's throwing fits –and by fits I mean segfaults 😑 But I'll be switching to a new drive in a few weeks so I'll try again and see if it works on a new distro
I went through this same process and research and I landed on hosting Roundcube as a docker container on a server in my home built from the guts of my old laptop but you can run it locally too.
Lmao that's what ChatGPT recommended after I ranted about all the email clients I had tried 😂
fetchmail/getmail6 to fetch the mails via POP3 in maildir format + a local roundcube server + CLI tool to still be able to read mails outside home but I thought I might be a bit overkill 😅
I'm planning on changing to Linux eventually, but my PC has a 4060ti. I have heard that Nvidia drivers are a pain to install, and I don't have the means to change to a non-Nvidia GPU. Am I in trouble?
depends on your Distro, for Linux Mint it's just the Driver Manager.
To access the Driver Manager in Linux Mint, follow these steps:
Click on the Menu (Taskbar) in the lower-left corner of your screen.
Navigate to Administration.
Click on Driver Manager.
Once you have opened the Driver Manager, follow these steps to install the Nvidia drivers:
The Driver Manager will prompt you for your password. Enter your password and click on Authenticate.
The Driver Manager will scan your system for available drivers. Once the scanning is complete, you will see a list of available drivers for your graphics card.
Select the recommended Nvidia driver from the list.
Click on Apply Changes to start the installation process.
Good God! According to the Debian wiki, they're still on 535, no wonder they don't work properly! Still, if you use Debian, you know what you're getting in to. You'll also have more *fun* when the kernel or nvidia drivers update.
Nah... to update the driver I just re run the file and it usually just works (Even in Wayland, on Debian unstable). The only time it broke was when I upgraded to kernel 6.12 and I had to manually install the open source modules because the ones that came with the proprietary ones had an issue that they later fixed, so it's totally fine now. The only issue I have with the drivers is that when I wake up the PC from sleep I have to restart Plasma (only on Wayland tho)
Barring any quirks; for Arch, RHEL, Rocky, Alma, CentOS, Debian, Fedora, Mandrivia, openSUSE, Ubuntu, and Void it's as simple as installing nvidia-open. Most other distros its the same, but the package name varies from repository to repository.
Try Nobara if you plan on playing video games, it's a distro specialised for gaming and they have two sets of ISO : one "standard" and one "Nvidia" with the drivers preinstalled so you don't have to do anything.
I think the installer gives you a choice between the open-source drivers and the proprietary ones, and that's it. Everything works fine even on Wayland.
Bazzite makes it ridiculously easy, there's just a dropdown to select the nvidia version of their ISO. It's also a great distro for beginners for a lot of reasons:
bazzite and other immutables generate a new system for you on update and let you switch between and rollback automatically, this is fantastic for reliability, but it also has pretty up to date software, and tons of guides (fedora is one of the most popular distros, and bazzite is essentially identical except with some QoL upgrades).
there's also aurora if you want the same thing without some addons for gamers.
If you're using a desktop, it's not a pain at all. Any issues are blown out of proportion by AMD fanboys.
If you're on a laptop, installing them is a bit more of a hassle but using the dedicated GPU is an issue that needs to be addressed someday. Essentially, laptops with Nvidia GPUs need to prepend prime-run to every application they want to use the dedicated GPU.
I mean blow out of proportion nowadays yes. But this wasn't the case just a few years ago. We have come such a long way to make it almost a simple click install. But dont forget where we came from.
So their is some truth to it although its mostly outdated now.
I guess I just offer better advice, not sure what to tell you. There's no reason to prioritize a single GPU over another, especially so on Linux. Driver support has come leaps and bounds this year alone, and it's only May.
Users should and need to make the decision for themselves which GPU is best for them and you shouldn't try to scare them away from a particular GPU because you had a bad experience with it.
Look. I use both nvidia and amd video cards for 20 plus years.
The experience under Linux using amd in factually better than Nvidia. Mainly because AMD open source their drivers and are part of the kernel.
You can't deny this fact. The only down side of open source in this particular case is the stupid HDMI Forum people, who do not allow us to have the latest hdmi implementation for 4k 120hz in an open source driver. Which is part of the license, where consumers are paying for. So that is ridiculous from the hdmi forum.
Anyhow, the user is free to choose whatever video card they wish to use. Hack try even the latest Intel Gpus. But also with Intel the firmware update are horrible outdated and they do not maintain they sht
Barely a week later and I had to do the thing. My partner uses LMDE and Nvidia 535 is the newest version in their repos, but we need nvidia 565+ for Kingdom Hearts 3.
Installing from the website wasn't as hard as I remember.
Blacklist Nouveau.
As root, without an X server running, run the nvidia*.run file from the website
Follow the prompts.
Verify your initramfs rebuilt correctly before rebooting.
Sure, I set it up in nixos though this is the short form of that:
::: spoiler spoiler 1. Install Podman and passt + slirp4netns for networking 2. Setup subuid and subgid usermod --add-subuids 100000-165535 --add-subgids 100000-165535 johndoe 3. I'm using quadlet's so we need to create those: $HOME/.config/containers/systemd/immich-database.container
[Unit]
Description=Immich Database
Requires=immich-redis.service immich-network.service
[Container]
AutoUpdate=registry
EnvironmentFile=${immich-config} # add your environment variables file here
Image=registry.hub.docker.com/tensorchord/pgvecto-rs:pg14-v0.2.0@sha256:90724186f0a3517cf6914295b5ab410db9ce23190a2d9d0b9dd6463e3fa298f0 # hash from the official docker-compose, has to be updated from time to time
Label=registry
Pull=newer # update to newest image, though this image is specified by hash and will never update to another version unless the hash is changed
Network=immich.network # attach to the podman network
UserNS=keep-id:uid=999,gid=999 # This makes uid 999 and gid 999 map to the user running the service, this is so that you can access the files in the volume without any special handling otherwise root would map to your uid and the uid 999 would map to some very high uid that you can't access without podman - This modifies the image at runtime and may make the systemd service timeout, maybe increase the timeout on low-powered machines
Volume=/srv/services/immich/database:/var/lib/postgresql/data # Database persistance
Volume=/etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro # timezone info
Exec=postgres -c shared_preload_libraries=vectors.so -c 'search_path="$user", public, vectors' -c logging_collector=on -c max_wal_size=2GB -c shared_buffers=512MB -c wal_compression=on # also part of official docker-compose.....last time i checked anyways
[Service]
Restart=always
[Unit]
Description=Immich Server
Requires=immich-redis.service immich-database.service immich-network.service immich-ml.service
[Container]
AutoUpdate=registry
EnvironmentFile=${immich-config} #same config as above
Image=ghcr.io/immich-app/immich-server:release
Label=registry
Pull=newer # auto update on startup
Network=immich.network
PublishPort=127.0.0.1:2283:2283
Volume=/srv/services/immich/upload:/usr/src/app/upload # i think you can put images here to import, though i never used it
Volume=/etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro # timezone info
Volume=/srv/services/immich/library:/imageLibrary # here the images are stored once imported
[Service]
Restart=always
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target default.target
systemctl --user daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now immich-server.service
enable linger so systemd user services run even if the user is logged of loginctl enable-linger $USER
Setup a reverse proxy like caddy so you can make access to it simple like immich.mini-pc.localnet :::
Can you give me some pointers? I'm still new to docker and podman; hoping to get this going without too much learning curve to start with!
Edit: Thanks to InnerScientist's instructions below, plus some extra, I got it working. A 5-day-old lemmy comment is probably lost forever to anyone else who wants help, but just in case, here's some pointers.
I cross-referenced with the official docker compose file, and two other quadlet examples/guides, neither of which worked on their own for me. I used InnerScientist's files below as my base. Other guides:
Comments need to be on their own line (or deleted), not at the end of the line as below
The environment file from official docker instructions needs some more lines, including duplicating with correct names for the database container (can you put referenced ones in a quadlet like in the docker compose? I don't know)
The env file also needs DB_HOSTNAME and REDIS_HOSTNAME, which for me were systemd-immich-database and systemd-immich-redis (you can find the names with podman ps, when they're running, as later in this thread.
Podman, to my surprise, bypasses ufw (uncomplicated firewall) just like Docker!
To restrict access to your computer only, you can PublishPort=127.0.0.1:2283:2283 as below.
To open to lan, PublishPort=2283:2283
If, like me, you're using a reverse-proxy, but don't want other LAN access, it's fairly easy to limit with iptables rules. I use nebula, which puts my vpn within a particular ip range. Script below.
That puts each line at the top of iptables, before ufw or anything else. So they end up in reverse order from the script. - packets to port 2283 from localhost, accept! - packets to port 2283 from 192.168.1.*, accept! - packets to port 2283 from anywhere [else], drop!
A set of podman quadlet unit files to deploy immich-app - GitHub - jbtrystram/immich-podman-systemd: A set of podman quadlet unit files to deploy immich-app
I just set it up this week, I was just settling with nextcloud memories before. Night and day difference.
A few pain points in the process but overall was pretty easy to set up and even add 2FA (though I can't say authelia was easy to set up to do so), and once it's off the ground it's super smooth
Absolutely. It was a pain in the ass to get up and running, but it's running smooth with this setup. You can probably streamline and clean this up a bit but it's working for me:
Also just to note, the caddyfile changes aren't necessary for Immich, that's just for any service without an integration that you still want to lock down. Immich's integration is pretty straightforward once authelia itself is up and running.
It's not too bad once you get used to it. It's still a lot of "throw this color here, check results, looks shit, change color, rinse and repeat." QT theming is pretty similar.
I had just taken days to perfectly set up my homemade theme last distro, matching QT and GTK, only to find out I didn't like the distro. I gave up after that and just slapped Gruvbox Dark on everything.
When in doubt and the work to theme gets too much: Gruvbox, Dracula, Tomorrow/Tomorrow Night, or Solarized will cover just about everything.
I mean, this might be a bit more your fault in this case, but I agree with the sentiment.
They're always changing something about the CSS sheets, and I find it a pain to develop for, granted it's been a few years since I last touched it, and on a very hobbyist level at that. I quickly switched to Qt for that project. Now I use wxWidgets, which I guess just uses GTK, but I like that I don't have to directly deal with GTK.
I use my laptop with a Windows 11 / Linux Mint dual-boot system.
Since I actually use Linux Mint 98% of the time, I wanted to ask if it is still necessary to do the system and security updates for Windows 11 as long as Windows is not needed?
What about those 2% days when you do need windows? Every time you boot to it, you’ll have gigabytes of updates waiting for you, which is seriously annoying. In order to do “just one thing real quick”, you’ll end up wasting an hour each time. I propose you make those days less infuriating, by booting up windows a bit more frequently.
Ideally, you would just uninstall it entirely, and use the disk space for Linux. Unfortunately, many people still have some ties that are difficult to break, so I totally get it why dual booting exists. If that one thing you do in windows doesn’t require much performance, you could also dedicate some old heap of junk laptop for it.
Really depends on how you intend to use Windows. Once upon a time I thought that was a great solution for communicating with an ancient piece of windows specific hardware. Turns out, you really need to keep that old W98 computer around unless you are willing to upgrade to new analysis hardware that costs about as much as a nice car. Home users probably never run into issues like this.
It seems the other answers already covered what you needed to know, so I won't be redundant here. Pro tip: if you rarely use your Windows installation, you might consider moving it into a virtual machine that you can conveniently boot from within your running Linux system. This way you wouldn't need the dual boot anymore, which might be desirable for various reasons.
You can just use an activation script. Even though technically Windows won't be activated using the OEM license in a VM, the license is still present on the machine. So legally Windows is still licensed. To get around the thing not automatically activating, an activation script is an easy fix.
Open-source Windows and Office activator featuring HWID, Ohook, TSforge, KMS38, and Online KMS activation methods, along with advanced troubleshooting. - massgravel/Microsoft-Activation-Scripts
Legally it is. On their piracy audits Microsoft only counts the amount of licenses bought and the amount of computers using Windows. They do not care about how it is activated per each computer. They even offer big companies a way to host their own key management system to keep track of licenses they need to buy easier internally.
If you are asking if not updating Windows will make your Mint system insecure, the answer is no. At least to me an exploit leveraging an unmounted Windows partition is unheard of. It will of course make your Windows system less secure for the 2% of the time you do use it. Another side effect of updating it is that it may break your dual booting.
Thanks for the answer. I was unsure whether it could be dangerous to the PC itself if you ignore the updates for both operating systems.
Yes, I've also read about problems with dual-boot systems after Windows updates, which is why I've refused to use Windows too often to make the updates worthwhile.
Yes, I’ve also read about problems with dual-boot systems after Windows updates, which is why I’ve refused to use Windows too often to make the updates worthwhile.
Sometimes Windows just overwrites GRUB (or whatever you use on your system) bootloader. But it's relatively easy to fix using your distro's installation media. Just in case this happens you need to refer to your distro's documentation or community forums to fix it.
I do recommend however in the future to not put Windows and Linux on the same disk, but have 2, each for respective OS. That way, there's no way Windows will touch your Linux bootloader on the other disk, and you can still allow GRUB (or other bootloader) to chain-load Windows boot manager from the other disk.
The PC itself as in hardware? Hardly... Your data is at risk. So ignoring updates for both Mint and Windows will put you in a more vulnerable position from a security standpoint.
A thorough examination of the performance effects of using undefined behaviour in compiler optimizations.
Method: 1. Modifying clang to not use UB where this is possible 2. Run a large suite of benchmarks on different architectures, compare results for modified and unmodified clang 3. Do statistics on the results 4. Examine performance deviations 5. Discuss factors which could bias results.
Very good science!
Result in short:
Only on ARM and if no link-time optimization is used, a systematic small positive performance effect can be seen. For Intel and AMD CPUs, there are no systematic improvements.
Average effects are typically below 2%, which is the typical effect of system and measurement noise. Often, effects are even negative. In some cases, benchmarks show large differences, and many of these can be fixed by simple modifications to the compiler or program.
If allowing / using Undefined Behavior (UB) would allow for systematically better optimizations, Rust programs would be systematically slower than C or C++ programs, since Rust does not allow UB. But this is not the case. Rather, sometimes Rust programs are faster, and sometimes C/CC++ programs. A good example is the Debian Benchmark Game Comparison.
Now, one could argue that in the cases where C/C++ programs turned out to be faster than Rust programs, that at least im these cases exploiting UB gave an advantage. But, if you examine these programs im ythr Debian benchmark game (or in other places), this is not the case either. They do not rely on clever compiler optimizations based on assumptioms around UB. Instead, they make heavy use of compiler and SIMD intrinsics, manual vectorization, inline assembly, manual loop unrolling, and in general micro-managing what the CPU does. In fact, these implementations are long and complex and not at all idiomatic C/C++ code.
Thirdly, one could say that while these benchmark examples are not idiomatic C code, one at times needs that specific capability to fall back to things like inline assembly, and that this is a characteristic capability of C snd C++.
It's kind of ironic to me that Linux is all for free and open source, but still uses a proprietary platform, and a horrible one at that. Before the fediverse, I'd understand, but now, there is no excuse whatsoever.
I understand that we can't just get up and leave everything proprietary behind all at once, since we have iPhones and Android phones. We all use proprietary software of some form, but I am of the mindset of using the least amount of proprietary possible.
I will ALWAYS look for FOSS first. I also want to make it as hard as possible for any corporation to track me. They'll probably still be able to track me, but I'm not going without a fight.
I could say the same about the Linux kernel using GitHub, but I understand how massive of an undertaking it would be to move the whole kernel to another platform. I'm sure there are other factors, too. Anyway, I just wanted to start a discussion and hear people's thoughts. Thank you
Linux isnt only for Foss enjoyers. Plus its good to have the linux community on reddit to help people bring attention to linux. If they move it here it will be even harder to join the community.
Think of /r/linux as a gateway to the world of Foss
If no one discussed the value of software freedom on proprietary platforms then (hopefully) we'd be preaching to the choir here.
Linux has proprietary binary blobs in it. If any part of a software is proprietary then even if most of it is free why wouldn't people call "Linux" proprietary? Libre Linux removes those blobs.
There is a difference between Linux, the kernel, as a tool and free software the ideology. A lot of contributors to Linux are there for the money. They contribute resources, including money but also usually staff, without caring for abstract concepts like "freedom", or they might even actively (arguably) works against it when they are actively establishing walled gardens and exclusive stores.
So... I'm not saying that's OK but I believe by confusing the ideology with the tool used for profit by gigantic corporations we are being unrealistic.
I'm having trouble following, you're suggesting that the Linux subreddit continues to exist because of some corporate conspiracy to keep users on commercial media platforms?
I'm not sure where you get the "corporate conspiracy" part. Is anybody in 2025 still not understanding that platforms do everything they can for their users to consume any content available there constantly in order to sell more advertising because that's one of the most profitable business model? Isn't that public knowledge? If it's not public knowledge are you implying it is "secret" despite those very corporations precisely publicly (at least during shareholders meetings) claiming that their strategy is simultaneously user base growth AND user engagement? If so wouldn't that be more ignorance that conspiracy?
Anyway, that's not even my point, rather I was trying to say that it seems OP is interested in Linux for the ethical aspect whereas the corporations listed there are, by definition and by their legal mandate of being for-profit companies, participating in order to improve their bottom line.
Please let me know if I misunderstood your point and/or if I'm still unclear.
Reddit, which hosts the r/linux subreddit, is a for-profit company driven by growth and engagement, like other numerous other platforms in the corporate members. I imagine this is precisely the kind of tension that prompted OP to ask the question (but I'd happily let them clarify).
I'm arguing that discussion on r/linux if you are working for one of those corporations and want to discuss technical questions is it not incoherent.
If you are though interested in Linux for the moral and ethical aspect then it is in direct conflict with the moral and ethical decisions that such platform took and keep to this day. Consequently using r/linux is a problem in one case, not in the other.
Reddit Linux are just a bunch of gaming chuds. and I say that as a gamer.
They'll take time to understand the landscape and there's nothing wrong with that, yes reddit is dogshit but you won't convince anyone by just telling them. They just have to look around for themselves.
This kind of answers my question. lol. I didn't think about it that way. I thought they can just bring it all here and that one gets ~~closer~~ closed or something. I forgot how reddit works.
I came here to say at least it's not discord then I saw your comment. Yes, there s mattermost, matrix, IRC, ... I am not installing Discord, I am not opening an account. I mean what s next? host your community in Skype?
You can't find anything on discord with a web search. You can't even open it without logging in. Once you're logged in, good luck finding an answer to a problem that was posted a year or two ago. That's much worse than reddit.
It's more like a telegram chat imo. People should go back using forums instead. In the meantime an AI should filter all relevant messages posted on discord/matrix/telegram and put them in a forum thread. That's something FydeOS AI in their discord might start to do I guess.
Maybe it's the same normal human inconsistency as those of who support public health care and basic income, but ironically still buy stuff from capitalists.
I am with you 100% on the reddit aspect but have to acknowledge that any person can make their own choices. Eventually, a platform with much longer history will continue being successful, if only due to inertia alone. However, one more big mistake from reddit may be enough for the FOSS subs to migrate to this platform. As for the Linux kernel, are you sure it is hosted on github? Or is it only a backup?
Honestly man, of all the communities we have here on lemmy, linux community getting bigger is not what we need. We need all the rest, stuff like tf2, csgo, gaming specific stuff, all the other niche communities.
Granted, we're gonna end up with /r/sinkpissers. Lol
All seriousness, there's a lot of neat communities I wish would find their way here. Heck, I wish there was a way to just export the history over so old archived data wasn't lost forever.
In all seriousness, you really don't want a mass exodus from Reddit to Lemmy instances. It's better that it's slowly so growth is managed but even more important, user quality is maintained!
When the Digg exodus happened, Reddit literally overnight went from a considered discussion board to full of ascii art, 1 line shit witty or pun comments, lyric threads and the signal to noise ratio went to shit.
On top of that there were constant stability issues that were compounded by all the thickos constantly hammering F5.
Not everyone that uses Linux is against proprietary software or only uses FOSS.
There are people that just heard of Linux, are just trying it out, or have an issue, and already use Reddit, or is what the search engine points them to go for help, or to ask questions.
Reddit has a lot more reach for the common people than any other platform at the moment, there are still people that prefer to ask on Reddit, than go to a specific forum or another platform to ask (If I remember right, it still happens with some apps like Jellyfin that moved out of Reddit, but people still ask there)
These are just a few of the reasons that come to my mind.
As an example I'm on Linux for a decade now but I also use proprietary services. I use Jellyfin and Netflix, Vim and Jetbrains IDEs, Chess.com instead of Lichess, WhatsApp instead of Matrix.
Sometimes the value proposition does it for me, sometimes it's the network effect. I've ditched reddit because I like Lemmy more but I can see how someone wants to stay in touch with their niche communities that don't really exist on Lemmy. Probably some people use both.
How comes that Vim is proprietary? Jetbrain offers community versions which are afaik open source too, so you can look at the source code, you do not need to pay or agree to an EULA.
Hey all, I'm stumped for the first time since adopting Linux. I can't get Plex to see any of my folders and I cannot just move my movies to plexmediaserver because I don't have the permissions.
I'm having a hard time wrapping my head around the permissions commands and I'm not sure what the simplest way to set up my Plex library is. Has anyone been through this process that can help me out?
I remember running into this as well. It's because Plex installs itself with its own user. So post-install, you need to add the Plex account to your user Group and restart the service.
sudo usermod -a -G plex sudo service plexmediaserver restart
I have tried adding a directory outside my home directory. /media/plex and soft linked my /Videos directory to it.
I have also added plex to udev group and also to my user group
uid=124(plex) gi...
We all have opinions on how to procedurally get someone started using Linux. To mixed effect. I wonder if we could be more successful if we paid closer attention to the machine between the seat and the keyboard. What mindsets can we instill in people that would increase the likelihood they stick with it? How would we go about instilling said mindsets?
I have my own opinions I will share later. I don't want to direct the conversation.
Honestly for me it was starting Young. I can say wholeheartedly that if I hadn't been working on operating Linux style systems in high school, there is no way in hell that if I tried starting it today that I would want to put myself through the hassle of not only learning it but also fixing it
So I'd have to say an energetic and perseverance Style mindset
I have a "I will not ever go back to Windows" mindset and I think that helps. If I fuck up my system to the point it's not immediately fixable, I have a separate /home partition so I can wipe / and start over without worrying too much. I look for answers to fix things on my phone when my system is inaccessible so I'm not stuck.
I am really not a Linux expert, but I was a Windows power user and I like to fix things myself and understand the basics of why it broke.
Back in the mid 2000s, we (my company) were on Windows, including three Windows 2000 Server licences. And we needed to upgrade. But it wasn't sustainable for the small company to pay for all these licences, when a free option was available.
So we slowly moved all applications over to cross-platform alternatives, Outlook to Thunderbird (called Firebird in those days), office to OpenOffice (now LibreOffice), Internet Explorer to Firefox, Corel Draw to Gimp, Company software like accounting to a XAMPP stack etc.
Once this was established and running well, we just changed the underlying platform from Windows to Ubuntu/Gnome, cursed for a few days and went on with our lives. And it worked for the past 20 years and counting. Now I am cursing, when I am forced to use Windows and can't find my butt using it.
So the mindset, if you want, was that of methodical planning and going slow, step by step. This is likely different if you're a gamer, or you need some very specialised apps, but for me, this was not the case. The games that I play, like Sudoku and Solitaire, work on any platform.
i guess convenience seekers can have linux these days. ppl don't care for the os, only for "the programs" they "need". i was agnostic to e.g. office suites (i hate em from the bottom of my heart) long before i considered trying a switch. that helped, i guess. a feature, that can only be reprocessed with a certain version of licensed software is fundamentally bullshit.
i wish people hadn't told me abt dual boot but using wine properly (or running a vm?). for windows will fuck up your boot section and that's very scary the first time, alone.
the only problem i see, is the upcoming dependency on copilot ... just leave those ppl be.
instead teach the willing some fundamentals:
piping ps through grep and use kill is not intuitive for the windows user.
the packaging system the distro comes with (idc, just call it 'the appstore').
show them software, there are ppl who arent aware, how e-mail works, and that you can have "your outlook in thunderbird or whatever"
show them how to find solutions, and teach them how to read the shell commands they'll find. (+ the jokes abt rm .. they dont need to understand it all, but be sceptical before running any 3 lines found on the net.)
...
really, its usually abt games. they come from steam. they got proton. teach ppl how to use steam! (and only after that tell them not to buy software that doesn't run on linux natively!)
But I agree that it is great to have a whole collection of OS variants to choose from. Having used AIX and HPUX in the past, I'm happy to be able to not need to do that anymore.
macOS is not really BSD. It uses a Mach-like kernel with some of FreeBSD and OpenBSD in its userland. However, given that Linux and some versions of Windows also use BSD code in their network stacks, it should be obvious that “it uses BSD code” is not the same thing as “it is BSD”.
It's an Arctis Nova 7. It's intended to be used with a program called Steelseries GG that manages EQ profiles for the headset, as well as spatial audio, with some proprietary thing called Sonar. It also includes a mixer for managing multiple audio sources. I find the whole thing to be pretty nifty. But what I'm worried about is losing this functionality if/when I move from Windows to Linux, apparently that specific program doesn't have Linux support. Does anyone have any experience with this or something similar?
Everything works just fine sound wise but the chatwheel doesn't work at all. So the changing the volume between your game and discord or some other chat app. Won't work. Also you can set up their buttons and feedback sensitivity that can be done on windows and it will be saved in the hardware.
I tried running a 2nd instance of Roblox simultaneously on macos 15 with another account but this shows up, if my mac can handle it then why can't it just let me do it? If I have two copies of an app like Roblox in separate User/Applications folders, macos moves them to the /Applications/ folder.
Sometimes it won't run apps claiming to be corrupted, so I then have to do sudo xattr -cr /Applications/someapp.app in the terminal and they run perfectly fine. It always nags me if I download apps from anywhere but mac app store. Some of these messages can only be gotten rid of by disabling system integrity protection, but then macos blocks you from running MAS apps due to having "permissive security".
I don't daily drive macOS anymore, I switched to Linux on my M1 mac where I can do whatever the hell I want.
Honestly, instead of playing shitty clones of games made with child labor through roblox, just play the original games they're cloning.
Couple of weeks ago I was at a friends place for dinner and the son was playing Roblox. Everyone in the room except him knew he was playing a WoW clone. His dad even told him, "you know I'll buy you a subscription if you wanna play the real game instead of a shitty clone"
Don't play Roblox. Its just cheap imitations made with child labor.
You don't know how the known behavior that takes advantage of everyone, in a game popular with and marketed towards children, is taking advantage of children?
They’re taking advantage of everyone with their shitty “dev exchange rates”
Also, it’s a bit light to say that they’re stricly saying taking advantage of people because only because of their fees.
I'm honestly not sure what you're trying to say. I didn't say the transfer fees were the only way they were taking advantage of people, I just wanted to use the thing you already admitted was predatory and use it to give an example of how roblox is taking advantage of children.
Yea sure I understand, but I just think that saying "taking advantage of children" implies something way more evil in my head than just having something predatory for everyone. Like something being waaaaay more evil when done on children, an so I don't really agree that we could say this example is enough to state that roblox takes advantage of children
There are many different signals the OS sends to applications which are kinda like "Can you kill yourself?" or "Please kill yourself" or "I will kill you" to close it. In computer teminology, there is "close", "terminate" and "kill" types of signals. These are used so that applications can have time to perform closing tasks (like saving) when neceassary and if they misbehave, just "kill" it.
Now both windows and linux have these types of signals. In fact every OS has it.
I beleive this is the reason this meme exists: When the user tries to shut a app in windows (throught close button or task manager) windows will wait and not give any option to immediately kill the app. Hence some apps don't close even after using end task. Only if the app freezes for some time will it give the option for force quit, ~~no other way~~ (edit: it exists). In linux, its the same as windows and limux waits for app to close. But the difference is that option to kill is available anytime in linux and basically gives the user full control. Although kill option in linux may be hidden as a way for users not to use it unless necassary as applications may not like it.
Shutdown process of both OS is same, they wait for all apps to shut by semding "please close" signal and if they misbehave, option to "shutdown anyways" will be shown to the user, basically killing all apps.
The meme is not correct and is just a steorotype of different OSes. This steorotype comes from how people normally experinece different OS culture and practices. Both OSes have same process of managing apps. Both OSes will wait for process to close if it freezes and give option to user to force quit. SIGKILL in the meme is coreect only for the right panel of the meme and the left panel is actually a SIGTERM (or something else which means "please close", don't remember)
The only thing the meme should emphasis is how the user is given full control to do in linux (even deleting the kernel) while windows is careful to not let users do something stupid.
Edit: Killing apps in windows can be done on demand through cmd using taskkill command
Happy Easter holidays! we made fruitful use of this time to provide you a nice surprise.
The independent, community controlled distribution OpenMandriva Lx 6.0 fixed point release (as opposed to the rolling release branch), is out right now.
Happy Easter holidays! we made fruitful use of this time to provide you a nice surprise. The independent, community controlled distribution OpenMandriva Lx 6.0 fixed point release (as opposed to the…
Mandriva is gone, but there's a couple of projects carrying its legacy. OpenMandriva is one of them, obviously. Mandrake was my first distro too, so I have a soft spot for it.
From my perspective, OpenMandriva's biggest strengths are that it's independent, non-derivative, community driven, and based in Europe. Unfortunately it's also small, but the people behind it seemingly do a lot with very little, so the community is passionate about the project.
Personally I'm just happy that there are smaller, non-corporate distros still out there providing alternatives. And OMLx seems like a pretty solid distro at that.
I first started using Manjaro after being on Debian/Ubuntu derivatives for years. Mint used to be my daily driver, then LMDE for a while. After struggling with Endeavour OS, through 2 or 3 breaking updates requiring a reinstall I made Manjaro with KDE Plasma my home for several years.
Manjaro was stable and, I thought blazing fast, compared to Mint. Everything just worked and was cutting edge. I thought my distro hopping days were over and I found the one that works for me.
Recently I've been reading about Cachy OS and decided to give it a whirl on my test Dell Latitude. Turns out that, I had no idea how fast and lean Linux could be on that off-lease business laptop! I know have it installed on my main Laptop and it's leaps and bounds faster than Manjaro, has none of the bloat and just works! I know it's early, but I think I have found a new home! I have timeshift set up just in case, so I'll see how stable it is over the next few months, but so far I am impressed.
Highly recommend everyone who's into Arch and rolling release to try it.
While I don't have much in a way of hard data, it feels much snappier. Also, it seems to utilize less ram. I believe the difference lies in the Cachy's repo. A lot of the apps I use daily are not installable from Manjaro repos and so I had to use flatpaks and AppImages. AUR was also a hit or miss for me. Catchy, on the other hand had most of the apps I use in it's repo. Things like Tutanota desktop client and Zen browser as an example.
i get a little annoyed at posts that start with broad statements like "is linux actually ready for the average user?" but then it's just someone asking for help to fix a problem they have with their sources.list or whatever. it's not a massive problem, but it's misleading and it feels borderline inflammatory sometimes
I feel you and that's the main reason why I eventually give up on Linux discussion groups. "Is Linux ready"? Yeah, it's been ready for decades now. I sometimes wonder if these annoying posts are just FUD coming from Apple and Microsoft.
A revolution is supposed to change things. Looking at things today, the only revolutionary idea left is to make society reflect the best of us instead of the worst. Most people prefer kindness and love. But lacking these values allows others to thrive in our world. They spend their time deceiving and exploiting the rest of us, people trying to enjoy life and things that bring joy and love. We can't do that by spending all our time dealing with the sad creepy weirdos ruining everyone's lives. So they're been able to shape the world. The only revolution left is to build something to undo what they've done. We need a force for love in the world.
This begins with anyone who thinks it's silly to to expect love to play a major role in society and our future. They have to question who taught them how the world works. They have to wonder why they think that way – because the power of love is not a revolutionary concept. Something else convinced them.
Education is designed by politicians also responsible for war; news comes from corporations whose purpose is exploitation of anyone and thing possible. No wonder people think a more loving world seems like fantasy. Everything seems designed to make us think so.
The internet makes it undeniable that knowledge and tech are fueling hate, greed, ignorance in every heart, every family, community, country. What's not so obvious is how to teach people what's wrong: that knowledge should not be controlled by politicians and the rich.
If we want a revolution to actually change things, it means we need to liberate knowledge from politicians and the rich. A goal like that depends on people understanding why people don't understand it. So instead, we could hope the state of the world's enough to convince people what's wrong.
To literally free knowledge, we have to free the people responsible for it, every individual and group, all the research universities, all focused globally on the same goal: to save the future. What's more loving than that?
The key to a revolution based on love in the world is to build something free of the people who disagree, the hateful, greedy, ignorant, whatever. That's possible with the internet, where we can work together to organize ourselves, our knowledge, our resources.
The first, most important step in the only revolution we have left is to create our own democratic corporation. The only way we can confront the multinationals exploiting us is with our own. The concept of democorporation coordinates all people and groups worldwide, anyone free to share their knowledge how to build this future. It begins with whatever individuals, corporations, institutions of knowledge who don't require liberating to help. They can help free the others, they can set the foundation so Democorporation can challenge the multinational corporations pillaging the planet and threatening the future.
Democorporation can only begin in as a social network because that's how the people can best support it. Participation, data, advertising can help funding. But more importantly is to be democratic. People need this network to vote and express how to build their future. With online users, volunteers, donors, employees and investors all expressing their perspectives, they offer the most balanced democracy and leadership possible.
When we have a social network that we own, uniting the world in our own democracy, we achieve the goal of any great revolution: we establish our own republic. Interepublic has the benefit of a corporation being able to limit, exclude and fire people who don't want it to succeed. That overcomes the problem of real world countries: we're all stuck with people who want our governments to fail, who want others to suffer. As antidotes to the hate in society, Interepublic and Democorporation become outlets of love for the world. That's what we're missing, and it's all we need to change history.
This revolution is global resistance against everything dividing us and everyone exploiting us. It is the “rebellion of people coming together”. Interepublic and Democorporation use the internet to create leverage that's never been available before. But only if people agree love is necessary to fix what's wrong. Nothing else will bring us together.
That sounds good until you remember there is no planning how to capture love. You just express it and hope your love is reciprocated...but this isn't a teenager working up the courage to call his first love. This is the world, and all these ideas and plans that express my love only work if people understand the love I've already poured into it.
To make this revolution truly new, truly revolutionary, it begins with something as intimate and personal as love, one stranger to another. So when I profess my love for the world, I risk the worst kind of heartbreak imaginable. Maybe that risk is proof enough? To trust who I am, my motivation, I have to be honest even it's humiliating for me. That's how to explain what it took for me to do this. No one happy with the world would.
Because here's the thing...I do not want to do this. I think it's inhuman and inhumane to be put in a position like this. It is a constant fight against myself, doing what's right while ruining my life. I'm losing because the world keeps getting worse, so I feel sick with guilt and torture more ideas out of myself.
And I can't describe this inner conflict without describing my the kind of sad life that makes someone do this. If I loved myself enough, I would never be in this position. It is a living nightmare. Doing this means I love the world more than myself...too bad it feels like such an abusive relationship.
Think about it: someone's not gonna spend their life on this, decades of trial and error, if they've experienced the best of the world, love, family. My life began in stress. Now that I accomplished my goal, I'm left psychologically devastated by it. I'm in a place of responsibility no one should be. And worst of all it seems to piss people off that I even tried?
Your reaction decides if this love is reciprocated. If it is we create a love story like no other. And if not, I can hope failure and tragedy might do a better job of finding help than if I'm alive. A win-win for the world, just not for me...what's more loving than that?
For me personally, my love for the world would be reciprocated by freeing me from this stress and responsibility. Maybe the most revolutionary thing here is that I want nothing to do with politics or business. This is a first step in an ongoing process to remove myself from this insanely stressful situation, and it's quite elaborate.
The most genius thing I did was to create a story/fantasy/metaphor/game that lets me help without being directly involved. Two birds, one stone. If I can make it entertaining, I can earn money and raise attention. Four birds, one stone.
To put this in context, I've set up a political-economic-societal plan, but I also imagined a metaphorical story to promote knowledge the way religions promotes belief. It's a modern mythology, and it's for people how can't understand the liberation of knowledge. The goals for the real world and the fantasy story are the same: a search for a more loving world. And they begin the same: with your choice what happens to me.
Our world is built on the same choice we make whether to help others or not. If people form this bond with me and help me survive what's coming, those bonds, the knot of love and connection form the foundation for this revolution and the loving world it would create.
Love would be the seed for everything that grows from here, so Interepublic and Democorporation are literally born and grow shaped by love. And the world gains what it's missing most, a force to fight for the best of us against the worst.
Please rewrite this or at least add a tl;dr and change the thread title to something more descriptive. I'm sure you have a great idea somewhere in there but I've had to stop reading after a couple of paragraphs that just sounded preachy and got nowhere.
I've been using evince to open PDFs. But for larger PDFs it is quite laggy, for selecting the text and stuff like that. Is this just a limitation of my computer, or are there faster alternatives to evince?
I should add that Zathura comes with a minimal graphical interface and you sort of need to learn the vi-like keyboard controls (or look them up with man zathura). But boy is it fast!
you should try papers. it's a new app that'll replace evince as the default document viewer for gnome in a future version. it's still in development but i've been using it for a long time and it's really good.
Hopefully this kind of post isn't too tired, but I figure it's my turn:
Finally decided to, after absolutely refusing to upgrade to 11, make the jump from Win10 to Linux! Been hopping around distros a bit and landed on EndeavourOS last night and I'm really enjoying it so far.
It's definitely tinkery and took me like 2 hours just to get my push to talk working in Discord (mostly due to my own lack of knowledge), but I love the level of control of everything you have (was on Pop!_OS before ~~🤮~~, edit: no hate, just wasn't for me!)
There's definitely never been a better time to switch and I'm very excited for when I inevitably brick my shit and come back here for help, so thanks in advance everyone! 😀
Archfi and Archdi are bash scripts for installing Arch Linux.Please subscribe to my channel by clicking here http://bit.ly/364epTfGithub page for archfi http...
EndeavourOS is great. It's as bare as you can get without opting for straight Arch. I bit the bullet on vanilla Arch a couple weeks ago, though, and am amazed at how easy it is to set up now.
Bonus: I can follow the Arch Wiki word for word without having to cross check things.
But I loved my time with EOS. I would probably still be using it if I hadn't decided to fuck around with topgrade while having no idea what I was doing. The lesson of the day was just update normally... its built in for a reason.
Edit: Look up Timeshift and ALWAYS back up personal files to external. There's a reason Arch is notorious for being unstable. Sometimes just an update can bork everything (still very rare, though).
Yea im about to switch myself. Been looking at suggestions and stuff, probably gonna start with Mint myself.
Many different sources advise putting it on a flashdrive first and loading from there, to start. Make sure I like it.
But the end goal, eventually, would be to remove windows from the comp entirely, right? Eventually installing my chosen distro as the OS on the computer itself? Does that sound about right?
For me, I've been throwing distros on a spare SSD so I could test run in a proper install, but I'm sure a thumbdrive would be fine. Just keep in mind that you might get some hangs and things will be slower due to the speed of the drive, rather than the inefficiencies of the OS you end up on. If you want to test out specific programs or games or something, you can always do what I did and put them on a separate faster storage drive (I'm on SATA SSD for my OS right now, but am putting other things on NVME).
As I mentioned elsewhere, I still have my Windows on another drive so I can boot to it if I need to, but I honestly haven't needed to even once since switching, so I'll probably end up just switching to VM only for anything that requires Windows fairly soon here.
The transition has been much simpler and smoother than I ever had imagined.
Self-Hosting: Client: Web UI, FOSS, mobile apps in progress → Score: 18/20
Total: 42/100
🔵 Bluesky
Top Provider User Share: bsky.social ≈ 99% → Score: 0/30
Top Provider Content Share: Nearly all content on bsky.social → Score: 0/30
Self-Hosting: Server: PDS hosting possible but very niche and poorly documented → Score: 4/20
Self-Hosting: Client: Mostly official client; some 3rd party → Score: 10/20
Total: 14/100
🟠 Reddit
Top Provider User Share: Reddit hosts 100% of user accounts → Score: 0/30
Top Provider Content Share: Reddit hosts all user-generated content → Score: 0/30
Self-Hosting: Server: Not self-hostable (proprietary platform) → Score: 0/20
Self-Hosting: Client: Some unofficial clients available → Score: 3/20
Total: 3/100
How Scores are Calculated
🧑🤝🧑 How User/Content Share Scores Work
This measures how many users are on the largest provider (or instance).
No provider > 20%: If no provider has more than 20%, it gets full 30 points.
Between 20% and 80%: Anything in between is scored on a linear scale.
> 80%: If a provider has more than 80%, it gets 0 points.
📊 Formula:
Score = 30 × (1 - (TopProviderShare - 20) / 60) …but only if TopProviderShare is between 20% and 80%. If below 20%, full 30. If above 80%, zero.
📌 Example:
If one provider has 40% of all users: → Score = 30 × (1 - (40 - 20) / 60) = 30 × (1 - 0.43) = 17.1 points
🖥️ How Ease of Self-Hosting Scores Work
These scores measure how easy it is for individuals or communities to run their own servers or use clients.
This looks at how technically easy it is to run your own backend (e.g., email server, Mastodon server) or User Interface (e.g., web-interface or mobile-app)
Very Easy: One-command or setup wizard, great documentation → 18–20 points
Moderate: Docker or manual setup, some config, active community support → 13–17 points
Having set up a couple of mail servers myself, I wouldn't call it easy. Most solutions boil down to a tangled web of dovecot, postfix, ldap and amavis. There are preconfigured docker containers which make setup easier than a couple of years ago but if your use case is even just slightly different than the maintainers', you'll have to dive deep into a few dozen different config files. And of course, you'll have to find out how to configure SPF, DKIM and DMARC to have even a remote chance of your mails getting through to the big providers. I'd probably give email somewhere in the range of 8-12 points in that category.
The scoring system is basically there to put a number on "How free are users and hosts of a platform to move around?" Or "How much power is in the hands of the people and not a few companies?"
For me Email scores very high in this regard.
As far as I know most Lemmy instances leverages paid-for or freemium services to have their instances work easily/properly
Then please update your category name to reflect that. Right now it says "Self-Hosting" which to the majority of readers means hosting it yourself, whatever the reason may be: privacy, configurability or just being safe from future enshittification.
As far as I know most Lemmy instances leverages paid-for or freemium services to have their instances work easily/properly
Yes but you can't compare a whole lemmy instance to an account on an email server that you share with others. The fair comparison would be hosting a lemmy instance to hosting your own email server and creating an account on Proton Mail to creating an account (or a community) on lemmy.world.
I'd like to add to suggest a couple of things regarding Mastodon and user onboarding/retention.
The Server Selection Problem^TM^
The single biggest problem with Mastodon adoption is the fact people see talk about a server and give up. As such, servers need to be removed from the conversation and onboarding process. A server still needs to be selected for a new user, however, which raises the question: How should we select a server for a new user?
The obvious solution is to simply direct users to mastodon.social, which is actually what Mastodon already does to a certain extent. The issue with this is that the Fediverse is meant to be decentralized. As such, it's counterproductive to funnel people towards a single server. This causes maintenance bottlenecks and privacy/data-protection concerns.
As such, there needs to be some sort of method that ranks servers based on a few factors in order to select the optimal server for any given user, while keeping the decentralized nature of the Fediverse in mind.
Why any server?
First, it's important to answer the question of why would any given user pick any given server.
Generally speaking, the server isn't a big deal, as in, any server allows users to interact with the whole of the network in its full capacity.
All servers are Mastodon, after all.
However, there are differences. The most significant ones are, I'd say: location, uptime, and language.
A user benefits from being registered to a server that's geographically close to them, as that leads to a better connection. Additionally, servers with high uptime and stability are preferred, as users may have different times they use the server and nobody likes to try and access a server and see that it's down for any number of reasons. Finally, users need to be able to understand the language the server is in (obviously).
I believe these three factors should be at the forefront of the decision-making process for deciding what server to be suggested to any given user on sign-up.
Auto-selector
With that, comes the solution: a server auto-selector. A game I play, DCSS, actually does something similar for online play.
(I have my location turned off and there are very few servers, as you can see, so listing them is trivial.)
This isn't exactly a novel scientific breakthrough, but I think it's a significant notion for helping the onboarding process for new Mastodon users.
A server auto-selector should filter servers to suggest by following these steps: - Detect the user's system language. - Detect the user's location. - Calculate the server's uptime score. - Pseudo-rank user-count.
I believe the first two points are self-explanatory. Being that Mastodon (and the Fediverse, in general) stands firmly against data-harvesting, location data should probably not be mandatorily collected. It should be easy to either ask the user for some vague information or simply allow them to skip this step entirely, even if it might affect the user experience. Additionally, there's the issue that many servers don't make it known where they're hosted. Ideally, this could change to facilitate server selection for the users, but there's always the point that, if a server doesn't say where it's hosted, it gets pulled down by the algorithm, which in turn encourages divulging that kind of information; this might a problem solved by the solution, if you get my meaning.
What I mean by uptime score is simply an evaluation of the server's uptime history. For example, it's not good policy to direct users towards servers that are often unavailable, it might be disadvantageous to direct users to servers with too-frequent downtime for maintenance, and so on. As such, the server auto-selector should calculate a sort of "score" for any server that fits the first two points. I can't say how this should be calculated, exactly, but I'm sure some computer-knowers out there can come up with a less-than-terrible methodology for this.
The last point is something that I think should be taken into account as well, regarding the user-count of the servers. As I mentioned, we can't funnel users towards a single server, but another issue is that we should actually encourage user dispersion over many servers. The outlined method might already do this to a sufficient extent, but I suggest doing some sort of randomization of filtered servers based on user-count. I think it's wrong to simply plug a new user into the least-populated server around, but I do think that over-populated servers, in a relative sense, should be discouraged by the server-selector.
Worst case scenario, a random server that passes the uptime score point can be selected for any new user.
The onboarding experience
Basically, this should be as simple as possible. The more questions need to be answered, the worse.
I think a simple "Join Mastodon" button is the best. Just a big blue button in the middle of the homepage.
Server selection should start as soon as the new user accesses the joinmastodon website, and clicking the button simply redirects the user to the sign-up process for that server.
I believe this approach would increase adoption of Mastodon by streamlining the server selection process, as well as help the continuous decentralization of the Fediverse.
The Feed Problem
Another significant issue with Mastodon is the feed and community/discovery aspects.
Creating a new Mastodon account yields... Nothing. An empty feed!
This is absolutely terrible and ruins user retention. I've had several people tell me that this first-experience emptiness completely turned them off from Mastodon. It's not intuitive, and it needs to be corrected.
A simple solution
Mastodon does have feeds, but they're all tucked away in the Explore and Live Feeds tabs.
I think the single biggest change that Mastodon can make, as far as this goes, is to shift the Explore->Posts feed to the Home tab. Just do it like Twitter or Bluesky, make the discovery feed the first thing a new user encounters.
That, by itself, should make a difference in terms of user retention.
Maybe I'm delusional and severely underestimating how doable this is, but I really believe Mastodon needs to change the way it deals with new users if we want it to actually grow into a strong social media, keyword social (it needs people).
There's a new server planned relatively locally to me and it's capitalising on the terrifying plunge into fascism that all the Big Socials now have as their badge of dishonour. People have never been "happy" to be on Facebook but the local focus in a pretty leftie inner city area is a good idea. If people know people irl on Fedi they will maybe have an easier time.
Hello folks. I use many distro from Debian to Fedora to OpenSuse and Arch. I also use many window managers like i3, dwm and qtile. On desktop environment, I use XFCE the most. Currently, I am looking to try something new, hence KDE.
I am looking for something with a beautiful UI and works out of the box. So, something on the same spectrum as XFCE but more pretty.
So, I tried out the distros with preinstalled KDE: Fedora KDE, Manjaro KDE, Kubuntu.
The good: KDE is beautiful and very easy to use. I actually enjoy using my computer more.
The bad: it crashes.. a lot even when I turn off all the animations. My system is not that slow: AMD 7 Pro with 64 GB of RAM. Some examples:
Logging in, KDE hangs for 30 seconds. Even when I finally see the desktop, I would need to wait a further 10 seconds to finally able to interact, i.e. click and open stuff.
After resume suspend, system would hang and there is nothing I can do except for a forced reboot.
Browsing the web with only 3 tabs opened, KDE also hang.
As much as I hate GNOME, everything just works. I installed the GNOME flavors of above distros and never experience any hiccups.
If KDE works for you, do you use a preinstalled distro and which one? How about if you install KDE from scratch, like Arch?
Been using Tumbleweed as well. May I ask if you encountered these 2 issues:
Copy 1Gb movie to flash drive, says it's done in 10 seconds. Try to remove the flash drive, still in use. Turns out it's actually still copying.
Send some files, whatever the size, even 10Mb, to the trash and it takes a minute per file.
Stumbled upon some github issues saying that it's a longstanding problem (since 2009 even), but I can't believe that people put up with it for so long.
I'm not even thinking of changing DE but this is annoying to say the least.
Copy 1Gb movie to flash drive, says it's done in 10 seconds. Try to remove the flash drive, still in use. Turns out it's actually still copying.
This ia not distro related but GNU/Linux and a known "issue" for over a decade ! Everything gets into you ram memory and gets dumped from there into your USB storage device.
watch grep -e Dirty: -e Writeback: /proc/meminfo
A long term solution would like to write a udev rule something like here:
Sadly the issue reported and described here: Pernicious USB-stick stall problem. Reverting workaround fix? and Is "writeback throttling" a solution to the "USB-stick stall problem&qu...
The question marks are because I read somethere that Linus himself doesn't see it like an issue by itself but more like a feature? And that's why it hasn't been resolved for soo long ! I can't exactly remember what he said but that's the gist !
But I do agree, I also see it as an issue :/ and most people who aren't aware probably fucked up some USB sticks that way...
Been using Tumbleweed as well. May I ask if you encountered these 2 issues:
Haven't experienced either of those issues. Have you tried to isolate KDE in those cases? Not sure how you'd do it with the deletion because there's no Trash for the terminal, but you could try the copy operation and see if your device is still blocked when it's finished in the terminal?
Those are both file operations so they don't strike me as strictly DE-related.
Look at the reddit called "unixporn" and search for Xfce. You ll see what's possible with Xfce. For me the KDE crashes are a dealbreaker. My Xfce setup is so simplified, that nothing can be ugly. I use Bspwm for the windows and stripped down Xfce panel (dont touch third party status bars, such as polybar, its waste of time if you already have Xfce). No menu such as Whisker menu, but Rofi instead. I got Xfce stability without the old looking.
I don't like it, too much desk space wasted on useless crapola. I use Mate, a nice clean desktop with a simple pull-down menu leaving the majority of the space free for work.
Give Cinnamon/Budgie a shot, (I recommend in a vm and see which one you like)both are based on gnome(cinnamon personally its like a combination between gnome 3 ane xfce). I have the same experience with kde personally(Like it crashes sometimes,looks dated,etc), and I decided to desktop hop to Cinnamon.
KDE just works on my machine, which is lower specs than yours. I've never had it crash. I use Endeavor OS, so it came with it by default (which was part of the reason I chose it).
Edit: I don't do much tweaking of the KDE settings other than the main color scheme. I also have never had an issue with waking from sleep on Endeavor (but I recall in years past that was an issue with most distros I tried and unrelated to KDE since I was less a fan of its style back then and didn't use KDE). My set up is a normal desktop PC that I use daily for everything, including gaming.
It's an issue according to any UX pattern. If something says that it's done when it's not, it's misrepresenting the state of the action.
Hard to believe that modifying the counter to include the necessary time for actual writing to the flash drive would break everything. Target flash drives only etc.
System functioning as intended doesn't mean that it's a good UX.
I've been using Linux for over a quarter of a century. Initially I spent hours attempting to come up with the best partitioning scheme but these days I pick LVM and use the defaults.
If I run out of space, I add a drive (or grow the virtual one) and grow the filesystem into the extra space.
Sometimes I need temporary space and use sshfs to mount a directory from another machine.
In other words, today you have infinite options to adjust according to need, partition schemes are not nearly as important.
Even swap space can live as a file on a normal partition if required.
That said. If you have specific use cases, check what's required. Specifically because different uses need different attributes, it pays to check.
with the majority here, I just use distro default / automatic setup in installer
LONG ago, I did the whole hand-crafted thing, obsessing over exactly how large each partition had to be, but with increasing speed and lowering prices of storage, this attention to detail now seems pretty irrelevant: - hda split into /boot, /tmp, (swap), /, /opt, /usr, /var - hdb split into (swap) and /home
I've tried some weird and wonderful partition schemes in the past, but I think I've settled down and just go for simplicity. Half a gig for /boot, and the rest for / (in ext4). I've tried btrfs, but I've never been in the position where I needed snapshots, and ext4 is a lot more simple.
I also like having the flexibility of not having a separate home partition. I back up my super important files, so it doesn't matter if I lose home (not that I distrohop much anymore, anyway). And I don't have to stress about whether I've made my root partition big enough. For the same reason I use a swapfile rather than a swap partition (though I do need to look in to zram and zswap) - I like knowing that I can resize it easily, even if I don't really plan on doing so.
@DigDoug @sparkle_matrix_x0x I have differing partition schemes on different machines depending upon their function. On my workstation I have four partitions, a root partition which is on SSD and all the system binaries and files reside there, a /home partition which is on rotary media because speed is less critical space more so, and a backup drive which keeps compressed copies of the /home and /root partitions. On my servers mostly everything is RAID and it's much more complex and varies according to the function of a particular server.
The article is talking about storage, not about access to files in any particular filesystem.
Previous versions of Android 15 Terminal app only allowed 16GB of space to be used by the guest system. The article mentions it.
So even if you had 128GB in your phone, previously you could only use 16GB of them in the environment Google set up for the Linux Terminal subsystem. What the article says is that now they are removing that limitation.
Open XSDL app again, you should see XFCE desktop environment with mouse cursor, and you should be able to launch Synaptic and install other Linux packages.
It tells me it is not compatible with my phone. Is it on fdroid? Can I sideload it from somewhere? I have a OnePlus 12 phone and it is running Android 15
Google's bullshit strikes again! All apps must be built for Android 13 or they are removed from Play Store, apparently because Google could not do the Android security correctly for the first 12 versions. Now they can emulate Linux on Android, but cannot emulate an older version of Android on Android. And I last updated my app in 2021, during Android 11 era.
Ok, the app doesn't have any place to enter those commands. It opens up this msdos like blue terminal and it's stuck there. I can't type anything. And the keyboard shows when I press the back button on the phone. I can't exit the app,I can only exit with the home button
You need to enter these commands in the Linux terminal app, not in the X server app. Once the two apps connect, it should be possible to launch another terminal inside the X server.
Go to your phone Settings > About Phone and tap "Build number" seven times. You will receive notification that your phone now has developer options enabled.
Settings > System > Developer Options > Linux development environment. On that page, tap the On/Off slider.
You will find an icon for the new Terminal app on your home screen. It's going to download 500 MB of data when you open it.
Long-press the Terminal app icon, tap Info > Mobile data, and enable Unrestricted data usage.
Now you can download more packages inside your Linux virtual machine using apt-get command, as described in my previous post.
Hi, I've just replaced my "HTPC" and done a fresh install of Debian on it. There's a strange issue with Kodi and the focus under Wayland: after some time Kodi (running in full screen) loses focus so I cannot navigate it with the TV remote anymore, but I have to switch back to Kodi using ALT+TAB on the keyboard. I'm not sure of when this happens, basically I power on the TV on the next day and Kodi has lost focus, the PC is always on. Since something like this had never happened before on the old PC (running Mint), I tried switching to xorg instead of Wayland and the problem disappeared. Desktop environment is KDE, Kodi is installed via official flatpak. No standard keyboard or mouse are connected to the PC, only a wireless keyboard with touchpad which is pratically always powered off, so it is impossible that someone is switching focus by mistake. Does anyone have any clue?
That document seems to use communities in the normal English sense and spaces in the "collection of Matrix rooms" sense. I would say spaces are what they're called and a community is just an informal group of like-minded people who can be better-organized using spaces.
You ran into the trap of taking "fediverse" at face value. It neither invented nor monopolizes federation. E-Mail is federated and has nothing to do with the fediverse. Wikipedia's page on federation lists the very internet itself as the prime example.
Not implementing ActivityPub doesn't mean Matrix isn't federated.
Rocket.chat implements the matrix protocol (or something else from matrix, check the other replies) to federate with other rocket.chat instances. It also had a different federation protocol before implementing matrix.
it's only rooms instead of servers with channels..
Literally the same thing but with different names. I use Matrix with Element, and it is exactly the same as Discord. Laid out the same, functionally the same (actually better since it encrypts everything), and even the UI is identical.
From a chat standpoint, the two are near identical - yes - but Matrix lacks the "voice/video calls as persistent rooms" feature that Discord has. This was planned a while back, but has recently been pushed on the backburner^[1]^ as they work on Element Call.
Early on Matrix was sort of being built up as an IRC/Discord alternative, but recently they've pivoted more towards a WA/Telegram/Slack alternative as most of their financial support comes from European governments and companies looking for strong and secure internal communication solutions they can manage themselves.
So, TL;DR you probably won't see the exact Discord like features you want land in the spec any time soon as they're not being funded.
So that means, right now:
No persistent voice/video rooms (but they are on the roadmap!)
No push-to-talk or "game friendly" settings like voice auto-detection (also not really on the roadmap)
Having said all that, Matrix is brilliant and I highly encourage people to check it out. I use a Matrix <-> Signal bridge for most of my comms with my friends, and we voice chat on Mumble. Not ideal, but you get to avoid Discord and you get a very similar experience! Bonus points for Mumble as it's super lightweight.
~[1] It's not really on the backburner so much as it's something that will have to be worked on after the new VOIP stack - Element Call - is integrated in the wider Matrix ecosystem.~
So I’ve completed the cosine similarity function, which means the script is now recommending videos in a raw way. Below is just a ranking of videos that match my watch history (all three are most likely videos I’ve already watched):
Getting to this point made me realize: there’s no such thing as a simple algorithm—just simple ways to collect data. The code currently has issues with collecting data properly, so that’s something that needs fixing. Hopefully, once the data collection in this script is improved, it can be reused for future Fediverse algorithms.
There are countless ways to process the data. Cosine similarity is a simple concept and easy to implement in code, but it has a flaw: content you’ve already watched tends to rank higher than anything new. So a basic "pick the highest cosine similarity" approach probably isn’t ideal. It either needs logic to remove already-watched videos, or to bias toward videos lower down in the ranking. But filtering out watched videos isn’t perfect either—people do like to rewatch things.
The algorithm currently just looks at how much time you spent watching unique segments of a video, then assigns a value in seconds to all the words in the title, description, and tags, and sums that over all videos.
The algorithm is actually okay—subjectively, it’s better than just sorting by date. I picked a few videos at random from the top 300 ranked by cosine similarity , and there was content interesting enough to watch for more than 30 seconds, and some that was just too weird for me. Here are a few examples:
Some of these links are across different instances because no single PeerTube instance has all the videos. I loaded metadata for over 6,000 videos across five instances during testing.
The question is: should the algorithm be scoped to a single instance (only looking at content on the user’s home instance), or should it recommend from any instance and take you there?
funny thing to note is that there might be a linux pipeline in this algo
currently just a browser extension that monitors your the peertube videos your watch and stores them locally - solidheron/peertube_recomendation_algorythm
I think it needs to work across instances, since we're concerned wit the Fediverse and federation is one of the defining mechanics. Also when I have a look at my subscriptions, they come from a variety of instances. So I don't think a single instance feature would be of any use for me.
Sure. And with the cosine similarity, you'd obviously need to suppress already watched videos. Obviously I watched them and the algorithm knows, but I'd like it to recommend new videos to me.
First off all, it's a legitimate way. He just goes through the install instructions from here (github.com/termux/termux-x11).
The one thing I would do differently is choosing the right package for your architecture or going with the universal package instead of the arm64 package as he proposes.
Lastly I want to add that that depending on what you want to do a graphical session is sometimes not necessary. Example: For tools like mov-cli for watching movie in the terminal, termux alone is enough, because they integrate with the android mpv app and don't need a xorg session to display graphics.
LineageOS 22.2 (on FP4) does not seem to have that option yet. At least, it is not listed in the developer options. You can find it if you tap on the search button within developer options (or just general settings, as that also includes results from developer options) and type "terminal" or "linux". The (Experimental) Run Linux terminal on Android result shows up. But after you tap on that, you see that toggle is greyed out. Can't be enabled.
I am interested in getting that to work, so any help is appreciated. There is hopefully some ADB command or something that forcefully enables Linux environment.
Linux mint 22.1 and jackett is hogging 200+GB of virtual memory. I do have a couple -arrs running, and calibre server, but it seems a ludicrous amount of memory. Reading on the webs it seems people think 20GB is crazy.
Any help/thoughts where to look? Not using Docker.
Swap memory is used when you run out of physical memory, so the memory is extended to your storage.
Virtual memory is an abstraction that lies between programs using memory and the physical memory in the device. It can be something like compression and memory-mapped files, like mentioned.
And yes, some swap is still useful, up to something like 4G for larger systems.
And if you want to hibernate to disk, you may need as much swap as your physical memory. But maybe that’s changed. I haven’t done that in years.
So, im IP banned from lemmy.world? Or is this cloudflare or smth locking me out? How do I proceed?
I have wanted to leave .world for a while, probably in favour of dbzero, but I would still at least like to delete my account and/or download some data beforehand?
I don't think I did anything wrong, and believe it is a cloudflare thing, but how will I contact the mods, if I cant open their front page to find their emails? Anyways. Any help is appreciated.
Also, sorry if this is the wrong community, but its the only one I know that maybe can help?
Edit 1: I can access the instance if I use a VPN, but I still dont know what to do. This kinda confirms it is cloudflare, but how can I get off their "naughty list"?
Edit the last: it seems to have solved itself after some time. I just used tgis instance for a while, and now its working again.
UPDATE: After hours and dozens of fixes it simple does not work. The Boss Katana Mini X seems to be completely incompatible with Linux. I'm gonna install Windows again on my Surface. W11 works like dogshit on it but at least I can use it to connect to my guitar amp.
Leaving the thread open in case a solution does eventually appear.
OP:
I'm having an issue with a BT speaker, well Guitar amp. actually. (BOSS Katana Mini X)
Device is a Microsoft Surface Pro 7.
It connects, but it wont play any sound at all. I'm now at the point where I'm considering installing W11 on that Surface again just so I can connect it to my amp to play some guitar with backing tracks and whatnot. I hate using my phone for this.
Speaker is chosen as the output device.
Tried to switch to PipeWire
Installed Blueman and a Pulse Audio interface
Also tried this on Fedora 41(GNOME)
Bluetooth earbuds from JBL works fine and get normal sound
I have installed the kernel for Surface devices, but I also tested this BEFORE installing that and there has been no difference on both Ubuntu and Fedora.
What I notice is there's only two configs I can chose from on the settings for the amp as an output device, instead of the long list I have on other devices. Possible cause?
This is the only federated software that I use because it is the only one in a format I enjoy using. I liked reddit for the threaded forum kinda format, so lemmy was an easy transition.
Never liked facebook/twitter/instagram or those formats so no interest in a federated version of them. There could be something out there I would also like, but thst would require trying more things and I gave up after bouncing off a few.
In addition to Mastodon and Pixelfed, I have a Friendica, Hubzilla, Yacy, and Nextcloud.
Federated Services
Federated Services are services which many instances form a network to provide a greater whole than the sum of their parts, each participant in the Fediverse is an “instance”. A message or other item made available on one instance is visible and available on other instances.
We make these services available to all people who do not abuse it in order to promote the values of Free Speech, and those of the United States Constitution First Amendment. A free republic is not possible without free speech and commercial mainstream media do not provide it. We also get some advertisement benefit from hosting these, it is our hope that people who see how fast and responsible our services are will decide to do hosting or use other paid services here.
There are numerous federated services available, we offer Macrobloging platform Friendica, Hubzilla; Microbloging services Mastodon, Misskey, a federated search engine, Yacy, and a federated cloud service, Nextcloud.
Macrobloging services are message systems that allow long form posts similar in format to Facebook. These allow for works of fiction, poetry, technical papers, news items, short stories, and more. These formats are most useful for discussion of social issues.
Microbloging services allow only short form posts similar in format to Twitter. While you can link to larger articles elsewhere, you have a relatively short character limit and so can not post them directly.
Censorship, is handled much different on the fediverse than on mainstream media like Twitter or Facebook. On the fediverse, each individual instance is responsible for content available on that instance, but does not censor the rest of the network. Thus if you find the rules of one instance too constraining you can move to another.
Federated search engines are analogous to federated message systems in that each instance chooses what portion of the internet it wants to crawl. When you enter a search term, the local instance queries all of the federated instances, collates and sorts the results and presents them to you. As with messages, each instance can have it’s own censorship policies but no one instance can censor the entire network.
Given the wild-west nature of the fediverse, it is probably not suitable for children under 14, and you’re guaranteed to find some material that will offend virtually everyone. With federated search engines, material that is inappropriate will usually be flagged sensitive or nsfw (not safe for work) so as long as you don’t expand material marked as such, you can avoid this sort of material. There are occasionally people who violate these rules, we do our best to remove such individuals none the less some will get through.
We offer the following federated services:
Friendica.Eskimo.Com Friendica is a decentralized long format macrobloging message network. It is similar in format to facebook however there is no centralized censorship. Also, it is able to federate with all other federated message systems which use ActivityPub protocol and also we have extensions that allow it to speak to several other networks via other protocols.
Hubzilla.Eskimo.Com Hubzilla is similar in message format to Friendica in that it allows long posts. However, it specializes in it’s ability to provide connectivity to multiple protocols and so we include it in our mix of federated services primarily for the better connectivity it offers. Hubzilla provides a great deal of interoperability between many networks though ActivityPub is still it’s primary protocol. Hubzilla gives you a greater degree of control over privacy than some of the other networks. You can create private channels that are served between hubzilla instances and other compatible instances.
Mastodon.Eskimo.Com Mastodon is first and foremost an alternative to Twitter. While Twitter has Tweets, Mastodon has Toots. The format is very similar. Mastodon toots have a limit of 500 characters. Similar to the short limit of Twitter. This is why this platform is referred to as a Microbloging format. Mastodon interacts with other ActivityPub instances however when a long form blog post from another instance arrives, you are only shown a short portion with a link to follow to see the full post on the originating site.
NextCloud.Eskimo.Com If you are a customer of Eskimo North, your login credentials will work without a domain extension to access Nextcloud. If you are not a customer you can apply for a Nextcloud account using your choice of login and password, in this case the login should include your originating network. Some features require an Eskimo North shell account to take full advantage of.
Pixelfed.Eskimo.Com Pixelfed is a federated pixel gallery. A place where you can share your photos to the widest audience possible, and you can view what others have shared. Instance is new as of April 6th, 2025.
Yacy.Eskimo.Com Yacy is a federated search engine. There are several thousand instances on the Internet. Each instances crawls whatever portion of the web the administrator requested. It is also possible for the administrator of a site with relatively few resources to request a larger site to do crawls on their behalf. Unfortunately, it does not provide a method for an end user to initiate a crawl, but if you send e-mail to support@eskimo.com and request a crawl, we will initiate a crawl on your behalf.
If you enjoy these services, please consider supporting us by taking advantage of our paid services: https://www.eskimo.com/
Excluding email, nope. Seeing as no one else in my friend group uses Federated services, and they're all still too small to cover most niches, there isn't really anything for me.
Mastodon is my go-to "shout in the void about my goings-on" platform.
Pixelfed is where I post my original photography and artwork.
Bookwyrm is for my book nerdery, mostly.
Edit: Oh and I have a Matrix account but despite the fact that I mentioned it to literally all of my friends, nobody uses it. I keep it around in case someone actually wants to send me private messages because Mastodon is kinda badly suited for that.
@Rose @ALostInquirer On the Subject of pixelfed, I recently (about a month ago) brought up pixelfed.eskimo.com/, but I seem not to be able to get it to federate. Any tips?
Has anyone successfully typed either European accented characters or Japanese Kanas on their physical keyboard?
For the longest time, I've been trying to get non-English characters to appear on my system. Specifically European accented characters. I've read about the compose key, but I could never make it work somehow.
I've also tried to make the Kanas to appear using the Japanese keyboard, but that too doesn't work.
I'm using mostly KDE system, on many different distros. As for the keyboard, it's almost always standard US QWERTY without the numpad, varying between various laptops (mostly Thinkpads) and USB keyboards. For the Japanese, it's a Thinkpad W530 (should also apply to X230, T430, and T530).
I've been using Linux for quite a while now. I'm familiar with most inner working of the system, but this the one thing I can never wrap my head around!
Has anyone successfully typed either European accented characters or Japanese Kanas on their physical keyboard?
For the Latin extended characters, I've used AltGr, Compose, probably at some point the GTK control-shift-u thing. I've also used various emacs text input methods to do so. I don't speak Japanese.
I don't use KDE, but it looks like you can set it up to bind Compose at a per-user level once you've logged into your account.
EDIT: "Motörhead" --- that was typed using the Compose key, which on this laptop I have replacing the Right Alt key. On this system, which is Debian, I do it systemwide by editing /etc/default/keyboard, and adding:
That swaps Left Control and Caps Lock, sets Right Alt to be Compose and...hmm, actually, I should check whether Control-Alt-Backspace still functions to kill Wayland, or if that stopped working when I moved off X11.
Then I ran # dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration.
But if you're on a non-Debian-based distro, things may work differently.
We're pleased to announce the release of BotKit 0.2.0! For those new to our project, BotKit is a TypeScript framework for creating standalone ActivityPub bots that can interact with Mastodon, Missk...
Maybe you mean "bots using the ad-hoc APIs from the servers"? AFAIK, there is no server implementing C2S ActivityPub, so it would be hard to have bots making use of them?
C2S has a very specific usage, and if you meant "regular clients", you'd do better by qualifying the API you were talking about by specifying the application - i.e, Mastodon, Lemmy - than by throwing a meaningless term.
Or is there maybe a way to set the pager for all help related queries to some command? I'm using bat and would like to pipe all --help through | bat --language=help by default for the syntax highlighting and colored output... Or if you know a lower effort way to color the output of --help let me know.
There has to be a hook somewhere for every command that executes. I'm not sure, but something in the chain after using set -x then running any terminal command likely is on the right path to doing this. (If you try set -x, you can turn it off with set +x). set -o options are another I'm not very familiar with but might be related.
You'd be intercepting all commands just to verify if they have a help flag and then if not executing them as they were intended. If the intercept got broke, then the shell would be completely broken.
The --help output must be getting passed through groff at some point to create the layout with tabbing. Wherever that is happening must have a point of entry. Perhaps it only requires modifying groff with a filter function or something like that?
Not everything uses groff. A lot will have their own function or another.
Edit: I think for what you indicting you are wanting to try you'd need to either patch your shell of choice or write your own.
Edit2: If you did patch it, the best way I can think of to get something upstreamed would be to patch bash to use CTRL-Enter to automatically pipe the output to the default pager defined in BASHPAGER followed by PAGER if it doesn't exist. Then set the BASHPAGER to your "bat" command.
At this point, someone has to have already made a prettier shell or terminal that is configured like this by default. Hideous 1950s monocolor --help output can't be a novel issue in 2025.
16 Color terminals didn't really start getting used until the 90s and early 2000s. And 256 after that. A lot of software was written back then and it would take a lot to add something that might not display well because of the terminal's color scheme and now we have color theming.
I am getting the feeling the you are mis-understanding than each project has their own independent implementing function and that each one would need to be rewritten. There a 10 of thousands of projects. This is not some simple, change 1 project task.
Why are you confrontational? I'm just casually tossing out ideas and learning. Of course I understand what you are saying. However, busybox covers the core of a POSIX system and with the size constraints, it is likely standardising something like this. On Gentoo, such a change might be more straight forward instead of some sloppy hack with a wrapper.
I imagine you must be good at memorizing a lot of information. I am not. I am good at abstraction and must explore in abstraction to understand heuristically. I understand heuristic connections better than most people. Neither method is better or worse. Being toxic about interchanges of information is useless nonsense. I know far more than I let on, but I'm well aware that I am a jack of all trades and expert of none. All the projects don't matter relative to those that are used the most. If most projects can be colorized, it will motivate others to fall in line or prompt rewrites assuming such a change was popular. Colorized manpages and help pages should be standard and should have been a decade ago. No one is using an IDE without syntax highlighting. The terminal is an extension of the abstracted language of Linux. Without universal syntax highlighting for new users in these spaces, Linux is presenting an outdated language format ripe for deprecation. These details have long term consequences.
I wasn't intending to come off confrontational, I apologize for that. I was looking at this from it sounding like you wanted any command on a system. I did find that you can colorize man. see script below for an example. As for busybox, it is a small project, so colorizing just it would be relatively easy and easy to add as a patch to a system. Not sure if that would upstream though as it is intended to work well on low memory systems among others.
There's no particularly smart way to accomplish this in the exact way that you want. I don't like the solution which searches your $PATH because now you're adding latency to search your entire $PATH for every command to add this functionality. It's a singularly better solution to tell the CLI what you want versus the CLI attempting (using logic) to figure it out.
The easiest solution here is to create your own command which calls the target application with --help;
\#!/bin/bash
$1 --help | bat --language=help
Then run it;
$ script_name docker
and it will run docker --help | bat --language=help. If you use this solution a lot you can try to use bash function which you call at the end of commands if they error;
any command which honors a --help will get listed. I suppose you could add a >> /tmp/output after the echo $i to log it. run it in /bin, /usr/bin, usr/local/bin
Strava is an absolute nightmare to use. My feed is absolutely chock full of ads and dog-walkers. Don't get me wrong, I'm very happy they're taking a 0.2 mile walk around their block and logging their progress, but I don't need to see it. Nike, TrainerRoad, Zwift, Peloton all have giant ads every time their users upload an activity. And I don't understand it because it's not an ad-supported network. Like I would happily pay to have all this shit hidden. It would be extremely simple for Strava to fix this, which would just be to provide me with a simple filter for what type of activities I'd like to see. The fact that they haven't done so, a long time ago, leads me to believe that they simply don't want to, for whatever reason. Plus they've already begun to enshittify by breaking integrations with third parties.
Are there any good options for this?
E: to be clear, I'm asking about the social aspect of Strava.
You can directly upload there with StreetComplete or Vespucci. Or exports from any tracking app that gives you a GPX file (including Strava I think). Otherwise, don't really expect FOSS-minded people to share their trips.
That's the neat part, there isn't. Post about your trips where you want, you can then refer to the OSM trace.
People have given consent for you to improve OSM with that data though. For example, one GPS trace can be pretty inaccurate (especially under a canopy where aerial imagery also doesn't work) but you can compile a dozen (get them with a location-specific query) and get a very good average. You can message people about those edits, and add notes.
Also, StreetComplete gives you achievements for completing quests and uploading traces. They are automated but it makes it look like actual people are grateful. Of course most people who use OSM will never actually thank the contributors but you're still doing a great service by improving the map around you.
The map is a community effort and the lack of social features, which caters to introverts, keeps focus on the end goal - an accurate map of the world. Other platforms are suitable for social activities and you can link to your OSM trace from there.
Yes, seeing the trace geometry only with no map is a letdown. That's why I suggested the visualizer in another comment. It would certainly improve the shareability of traces.
OSM doesn't produce any hardware. They are a wiki-based world mapping effort. In addition, they run a PNG tile provider (so you can embed their map on a website), an article wiki for how to edit the map etc. and the trace repository.
You can use OSM and record traces using various apps mentioned on their wiki.
Good bike computers like Garmin's allow GPX export so HW compatibility is there. It's a few manual steps but you can make the process automatic for example by syncing your HW tracker to Tapiriik (15+ brands supported), which then can auto-download GPX files to your computer via Dropbox (or without Dropbox if you run it locally), and then you can auto-upload those to OSM with one of these scripts running on your machine.
I started working on a federated implementation of this this week actually.
Would love to read what functionalities you'd see for such service.
For now I'm implementing activity logging, sharing of activities in groups (kinda like Lemmy communities), public or private as well as a statistics and the ability to post traces and create challenges to share.
Try integrating with OpenStreetMap Traces and Tapiriik for ease-of-use. Recommend running your own instance for the latter. Not necessarily for the minimum viable product but consider this into the future.
I simply use the fitness-tracking features that came with my watch. They're more than adequate, and the close integration with the watch means that I don't even have to do anything. I just live my life and check the stats later. Modern smartwatches are good like that.
Mere days after the announcement of acquisition by an Italian tech firm, the route-planning platform laid off 80% of its staff, and former employees fear for its future.
...yes, exactly. The brand of tool used is not relevant to the activity. Users are not adding those photos, they're added by Peloton. Not to mention the activity names.
You don't see Garmin or Wahoo adding in giant ads for their products when syncing rides.
I'm going to switch to arch for my general-purpose laptop, since I feel like kubuntu is not enough for me, I want to try a tiling WM and do some ricing. I'm still undecided between plain arch or CachyOS, because that optimisation looks promising and I also game on my laptop. The fact is that CachyOS seems more "bloated" with some unnecessary packages, so what do you suggest me? A simple arch installation, arch using the cachy-linux kernel and its optimisations or a debloated CachyOS install? Thank you all in advance.
Less packages really doesn't mean much in terms of how easy the system will be to manage. If anything, I'd say a distro with more, but pre installed packages is easier to manage because the maintainers will make sure that those packages will be as easy to work with and upgrade as possible.
That said, I'm definitely not going to stop you from trying Arch though. You can even get similar (or better) optimizations by using the ALHP repos and a kernel like linux-tkg or linux-cachyos for example, although the difference really is negligible in most cases.
I understand, but less packages means it's easier to manage my system. One of the reasons I'm leaning towards arch is because of its minimal approach, so that I can install only what I need.
MIPS seems to be quite widely supported (about as much as PPC64LE) despite that I'm not able to find anything that uses MIPSLE/MIPS64LE. Are they only supported for QEMU or is there anything that still uses it? Do you know of anything to play around with Linux for MIPSLE/MIPS64LE that isn't emulation?
And now that I have made the post I got some search results: 1. Routers apparently still use MIPS 2. linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/MIPS-HOWTO-… has some MIPS systems you can run Linux on.
If you want to share anything about MIPS though please feel free to comment, I would interest me greatly what the rest of you have to say.
macOS has a bunch of apps which can do so, including SketchyVim. Basically you would have all the vim modes motions and operators, inside any text box in the OS / in any app. I just did some looking up and asked LLMs, but didn't find any linux equivalents of that. Ideally they would work on wayland and have app or window class exceptions.
If I remember correctly, Wayland forbids to listen to keyboard inputs for security reasons. Each software receives its input, but there is no global listening.
So, in my understanding, this could mean that it's not possible.
Hi, so I want to building a pc for a home server (?) or NAS. I dont really know whats the most appropriate term but what I intend to build is a one pc for my household. currently my requirement is one work 'pc' capable of heavy 3d modeling one light work pc. two 4k gaming tvs. (they most likely wont be used at the same time)
my knowledge of technical stuff is bretty basic so please be patient with me.
before, i used my steam deck to stream my work pc using parsec but i thought i just want to jump all in on linux and using vm to use more niche 3d softwares.
my budget is flexible as long as i dont need to use enterprise hardware. also i heard nvidia is not good for linux so i'd like to confirm if that is still the case as im thinking of using 5090 if not, i hope amd releases an equivalent capable card or if any according my quick research suggest.
as for linux, the only distro (?) i ever used is the steam deck one and i love it. im not a programmer or even remotely capable one so i'd like to avoid anything that has to be manually typing commands at terminal but im open to surface level tinkering.
I think I'd recommend having at least 2 PCs. Your gaming PC is going to be terribly inefficient and draw 10x as much power at idle as a server with a mobile processor. Leaving it running 24/7 will get expensive to the extent that buying a dedicated server makes more sense. Plus if your gaming/work PC ever crashes while you're working, your server will crash as well.
Also if you ever work outside the home you probably want to have something that doesn't require a network connection.
You can get Yunohost set up with a single command.
It's certainly doable and something like that was my setup for a few years. There isn't much in the way of distros or software packages that provide such a 'personal multiseat' configuration out of the box.
::: spoiler I wanted bare metal GUI access, so instead of using Proxmox, I went about configuring Debian to the task. This might not directly answer any questions, but here's an idea of what it looked like.
Hardware - i7, 48 GB RAM, 500 W PSU - GTX 1650 (passed through to VM), Radeon R5 340X (basic bare metal output) - 60 GB SSD boot disk - 1 TB SSD for VM images - 2 x 4 TB HDD for NAS - 1 TB HDD for testing, "overflow", etc.
Boot disk - Debian stable with XFCE - Virtual machines set up through virt-manager and each port forwarded to LAN - unattended-upgrades, ufw / iptables firewall - GUI more for ease of management, software on bare metal kept to a minimum
Virtual machines / (RAM allotment) - Desktop (10 GB): I would use this VM while seated at the machine for productivity and web browsing. - NAS / media server (4 GB): both 4 TB HDDs passed through to this VM, which hosted a Samba file server and Jellyfin. Also served as file storage for a couple other VMs via internal connections. 4 TB of usable capacity since I set it to rsync to the second drive at 02:30 every morning. - Misc. services (4 GB): second Samba file server for devices I wanted to sync but didn't trust with access to my full 4 TB library. Also an Apache server to host a couple of HTML pages on LAN. Various other services tested here as well. - Windows (8 GB) - GPU access (16 GB): GTX 1650 forwarded here. Intended for gaming, but ended up using it for Stable Diffusion and LLMs for reasons below.
:::
I'd suggest starting with anything graphically intensive running on bare metal and setting up a VM with virt-manager / Virtualbox / etc. for the NAS part. Get a couple of disks specifically to pass through to the NAS VM, forward its ports to LAN, and connect to them on the host as you would any other machine. For a desk further away, you may be able to get away with a KVM extender, but I can't say I've any experience with them.
If you try to virtualize everything like I did, there's a couple of hurdles: - Much time and manual configuration in the command line is needed - Atrocious graphical and input latency on remote connections - Very high RAM usage - Input glitches and general slowness on the VM with GPU passthrough, remained unresolved despite scouring tutorials from people who somehow managed to get buttery-smooth gaming in a VM - Lots of bandwidth used while updating all of the VMs. Probably optimizable, but not out of the box.
Go for AMD if you can, but NVIDIA hasn't given me much trouble either. Make sure to install the driver from your distro's repo, not NVIDIA's website. IMO, this is less of an issue if you decide to pass through the GPU to a VM since any NVIDIA driver shenanigans will be contained to the VM.
However, I haven't run into some of the issues you had. With the proxmox host on wired ethernet and my laptop on 5GHz wifi from about 10ft away from the access point I can easily play Rocket League with no noticeable latency, 1440p 120Hz. I'm using sunshine on a windows VM and moonlight on Fedora. It did, indeed, take a crapload of fiddling and I consider myself pretty adept at these things, but it can be done. 😁
I also swap the GPU between two VMs. I have a Ubuntu VM I use for AI workloads for fiddling around. On that one, I just ssh in and the GPU is 100% utilized for AI. Planning to add another GPU in the future (or a few).
Can't speak to remote connections, but my previous experience with cloud providers tells me it might be good enough for slow paced games, but it will fail horribly on anything really latency dependent. Best case scenario is the latency is off by just enough to make you lose your mind, or worse, you get use to the weird remote latency and then get all screwed up when you play at home.
For the multi-seating aspect, I've just set up something similar using something called a KVM Extender (I got this one). I have my PC set up in my office and another seat set up in my bedroom.
The KVM essentially just transports HDMI and USB a long distance through an ethernet cable, so the bedroom monitor just appears as a second monitor. I've set up a keyboard combination to switch between enabled monitors so only one is turned on at once.
Not sure how many seats you could push with this, since you would need a set of KVM extender boxes per seat with its own HDMI/Display and USB ports in the PC. Might be something to look into in case it fits!
AV Access 4KEX100-KVM is a 4K KVM extender over HDBaseT. It can transmit 4K@60Hz HDMI signal over a single Cat6 cable up to 330ft/100m with zero loss or delay.
Adding onto this a bit as I also use a KVM to stream games from my bedroom PC to the living room 4k TV.
Hyprland has been great for this. I used to use KDE, then i3. KDE was a PITA for this setup, no fault of their own it is just fundamentally a different one, and i3 worked to some extent but I was still constantly fiddling with stuff to get audio and video exactly how I wanted to (and to do it easily).
Hyprland just works for me and I love it. I press a keybind and run a script I wrote to turn off my desk monitors, set audio, and launch the emulator front end (emulationstation-DE). Which can also launch all my steam and lutris games, as well as emulators all the way up to PS3 and switch games.
I even mounted a remote start button on the wall and turn my PC on from the other room
monitors-off is basically same thing but reversed:
#! /bin/bash
hyprctl keyword monitor DP-1, disable
hyprctl keyword monitor DP-3, disable
hyprctl keyword monitor HDMI-A-1, 0x0@60, 1
es-de
I'm still working out some kinks with audio so I don't wanna go down the rabbit hole hell that is pactl and pavucontrol in this post. But that's more of a universal Linux gripe I have than distro specific.
Obviously you'll need to tweak the script to what your specific setup is. The first numbers are x & y axis and the second is refresh rate. This is just an example. It's also Wayland only but you can do this in x11 no problem
As far as "remotely" switching, I just assigned the scripts to keybinds in the hyprland config file. Super easy.
After hours of trying understand how to set up VSCodium with Java extension, i found a solution so here it is, idiotproof (i hope) tutorial for future me and others like me ;)
Flatpak VSCodium with java extension
Via Terminal
Install VSCodium:
flatpak install com.vscodium.codium
Install "Extension Pack for Java" extension for VSCodium:
flatpak run com.vscodium.codium --install-extension vscjava.vscode-java-pack
Install flatpak openjdk extension. (In this case openjdk21):
4. Install "Flatseal": 1. Go to app store and search for "Flatseal". 2. Click Install button and after downloading open the app. 5. Allow VSCodium to use flatpak openjdk extension: 1. Search for "VSCodium" in Flatseal. 2. Go to Environment. 3. Click + button (to the right from Variables) and paste:
PATH=/usr/lib/sdk/openjdk21/bin:/app/bin:/usr/bin
4. Click `+` once again and paste:
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/sdk/openjdk21
Restart VSCodium
PS
There is formatting issue with markdown but it's on lemmy side i think
I want to create a USB gadget with a raspberry pi zero 2W. I'm starting with imitating a webcam I already have to see how much of this I can figure out. I've used the online documentation and a couple AI bots to get this far quickly, but I'm hung up on a ln command. It's telling me "ln: failed to create symbolic link 'configs/c.1/uvc.usb0': No such file or directory" when trying to create the link. This makes no sense to me though. I'm trying to create the link, of course it doesn't exist yet. That's what that command is supposed to do.
I've confirmed this problem in alpine linux and raspbian lite.
Below is the little script I have so far just to create the device:
ln: failed to create symbolic link 'configs/c.1/uvc.usb0': No such file or directory
./fauxcam-gadget.sh: line 19: echo: write error: Device or resource busy
Hmm, not sure then. It seems correct to me. Check out this repo, it has systemd services for all the USB gadgets, you can run uvc very easily with this: github.com/BigfootACA/systemd-…
I can write specific instructions how to get this working later today, if you'll need them.
Once I crack this, I think it could be fun to create a script that could spoof devices plugged into it with the gadget framework. Could save me a lot of trouble creating known-working usb configs down the road. Instead of starting from scratch each time, I would just have to tweak an existing profile.
Honestly it’s just an idea to suck up time at this point. I do NOT have the skills for this shit, as we can see here. I can correct what ChatGPT gets wrong though and just run with that.
You should definitely try with the systemd-gadgets I linked earlier. It makes all the configuration really easy, you just need to enable the relevant services, so in your case usbgadget-func-uvc.service and gadget-start.service. You also need to copy them beforehand to /etc/systemd/system, including gadget-init.service, and you need to copy gadget to /etc/default/gadget, and the scripts gadget-start.sh and gadget-init.sh to /etc/systemd/scripts. Edit /etc/default/gadget to edit the configs and names of the gadget, and then start gadget-start.service. No need to enable gadget-init.service, it's called as a dependency from other services.
There's an install script in the repo that you can use as well.
IDK how all that works but I will say that the result of this would (in a normal filesystem) create a link named configs/c.1/uvc.usb0 yes, but that link would point to functions/uvc.usb0relative to its own dir. This doesn't exist and your symlink would be broken, presumably the special file system there doesn't like that.
Edit: Apparently that's not the problem and you're totally supposed to run an ln command that should logically result in a broken symlink, thanks to kernel driver sysfs abuse.
Normally, you'd be right, but this special filesystem doesn't care about that. I've done similar with different gadgets so many times, always with relativr symlinks, sometimes directly from the root of the special filesystem, sometimes from the gadgets own subdirectory, and it just works.
Edit: OK, I looked at the docs, and they sure do make a broken symlink there. I still think it's worth a try to create a non-broken link, maybe the docs are wrong. I would expect they would put a little note there, that yes, you really do want to create a broken symlink (if so, why not a regular file?), but then again its kernel docs and those aren't the most friendly.
I also thought you were OP for some reason, sorry.
Edit2: If you look at the file listing later in the docs, you can see this:
Which does look like a real non-broken symlink, so I maintain the docs are wrong and you're not supposed to make a broken symlink.
Original comment, silightly edited:
You misunderstand. I suspect OP cannot create the symlink, because it would be a broken symlink, not because the symlink is relative. Maybe you cannot create broken symlinks in the sysfs for some reason.
I was just trying to explain that a relative symlink is relative to the directory in which it resides. The target to the symlink should point to ../../functions/uvc.usb0 if you want it to point to something that exists. The ln command in OP's listing would result in a broken symlink, since the specified path is not relative to the c.1 directory. It is relative to the working directory, but that's wrong, that's not what ln expects you to put there.
Maybe it needs to be a correct symlink, maybe that will solve the problem.
You can use this kitten to draw a GPU accelerated panel on the edge of your screen or as the desktop wallpaper, that shows the output from an arbitrary terminal program. It is useful for showing st...
Fuck this project for stealing the name from KiTTy, a PuTTy fork. Years ago it was brought to the devs attention and he doubled down on the name. The way they handled it deserves no respect.
KiTTY is a fork of PuTTY - you can find it at http://kitty.9bis.net/ You may want to differentiate your product from KiTTY so that google knows the difference...
When I click the download button, it looks like it's downloading multiple files since the progress bar goes from 0 to 100 several times, and then it gets up to 95% then suddenly returns to the download button. This happens in about 30 seconds.
Using the CLI method, I run the following command:
rpm-ostree rebase fedora:fedora/42/x86_64/silverblue
and get the following errors:
error: Could not depsolve transaction; 1 problem detected: Problem: conflicting requests - package dnf5-plugin-automatic-5.2.12.0-2.fc42.x86_64 from updates requires libcurl-full(x86-64), but none of the providers can be installed - package dnf5-plugin-automatic-5.2.12.0-1.fc42.x86_64 from fedora requires libcurl-full(x86-64), but none of the providers can be installed - package dnf5-plugin-automatic-5.2.12.0-2.fc42.x86_64 from updates-archive requires libcurl-full(x86-64), but none of the providers can be installed - package libcurl-minimal-8.11.1-4.fc42.x86_64 from @System conflicts with libcurl(x86-64) provided by libcurl-8.11.1-4.fc42.x86_64 from fedora
SOLUTION: Uninstalled layered packages in dnf-automatic, libreoffice, and rpmfusion and then restarted. Rebase command successfully completed thereafter.
Most of my machines seem to be working fine, but I have one critical one where I have the notification for Fedora 42 in the gnome-software updates window, but when I click the Download button, the progress bar shows up to about 4% and then quits with…
I have two entries each with a different BaseCommit. One has dnf-automatic, libreoffice, vpn app. The other has the same three plus rpmfusion-free-release and rpmfusion-nonfree-release.
I just recently installed the rpmfusion packages but I didn't know what I was doing. Just found something online suggesting an alternative update method for Silverblue.
dnf-automatic looks a like a package designed for non-Atomic versions of Fedora.
libreoffice is available as a flatpak. You should avoid layering packages as much as possible.
A VPN app makes sense to have layered. I assume it comes from a third-party repository added to /etc/yum.repos.d. It is possible this package does not support Fedora 42 yet. You can try removing it to see if the update succeeds.
rpmfusion is a repository providing packages that often cannot be pre-installed due to some legal reasons. Unless you need/installed a package from there, uninstall it.
So basically it's not allowing me to update because of these layered packages and every time I want to update, I have to uninstall them and reinstall after I update?
Thank you again for all of the help with the dual boot and repartition a few weeks back. I am running Linux Mint.
I repartitioned the Linux side to about 25 GB and over the last few weeks just downloading updates, I guess it has filled up. It tells me there is only 75 MB left. Is that normal or can I free up room again?
Also, the printer no longer prints. It just hangs when I try to print. It shows up correctly as the HP Deskjet 3510 but won’t print. Any tips on how to fix?
Well, in this case you can have different audio profiles for each channel.
MonkderVierte
in reply to user721 • • •user721
in reply to MonkderVierte • • •Yeah, I just checked the logs with journalctl /usr/bin/Hyprland. You won't believe what it said.
``` [LOG] Hyprland PID: 7331
[LOG] Hyprland Version: 0.48.1-dev+ (git commit: feedbeef4dead)
[LOG] Built: 2025-01-27
[LOG] OS: Arch Linux (Stallman-Approved* Edition) *Approval pending code audit
[LOG] GPU: Intel Integrated Graphics (Trying its best under ideological scrutiny)
[LOG] Monitors: 1 AOC (Currently displaying philosophical paradox)
[LOG] Running on XWayland: Only for non-free blobs (shame!)
[INFO] Initializing Hyprland... Preparing for purity inspection.
[INFO] Loading config from /home/user/.config/hyprland/hyprland.conf
[INFO] wlroots: Initializing DRM backend.
[WARN] Ambient Freedom Levels detected: 98% (Dangerously high for proprietary hardware!) Source seems localized to... desk peripherals.
[WARN] Analyzing visual input field... Multiple instances of
stallman_visage.jpegdetected taped to monitor bezel and desk surface.[ERROR] Potential Purity Overflow detected! Excessive whitespace concentration in peripheral visual field identified as 'rms_white_liquid_anomaly'.
[ERROR] Specifically correlating anomaly with:
- Photo ID: RMS_Laptop_Rocks.jpg (High concentration near shirt area)
- Photo ID: RMS_Boat_Ponder.jpg (Moderate concentration, background water reflection misinterpreted?)
- Photo ID: RMS_Desk_Stare.jpg (Critical concentration, direct optical path to sensor)
[ERROR] Compositor attempting to render scene, but framebuffer contaminated with recursive 'freedom.h' includes apparently leaked from white pixel data.
[FATAL] GPU context lost. Reason Code: 0xDEADRMS (Driver unable to handle ideological load). Possible short circuit caused by concentrated freedom particles (aka 'white liquid').
[LOG] Received signal 11 (SIGSEGV) at address 0x474E554C494E5558 (ASCII: GNULINUX)
Backtrace:
#0 0x... intel_dri_bo_map() <-- Mapping failed, possibly due to freedom interference
#1 0x... CRenderer::renderScene() <-- Scene contaminated
#2 0x... CCompositor::renderFrameForMonitor() <-- Monitor displaying pure ideology now
#3 0x... main_loop() <-- Loop couldn't handle the truth
#4 0x... libc_start_main()
... (stack trace obscured by what appears to be... beard hair?)
[CRITICAL] Hyprland Crashed. SIGSEGV. Probable Cause: Exposure to concentrated doses of Richard Stallman via photographic prints. The 'white liquid' (high-intensity whitespace/purity) from the photos appears to have overloaded the rendering pipeline. Recommend shielding hardware or using less ideologically charged desk decorations.```
MonkderVierte
in reply to user721 • • •sour
in reply to user721 • • •