friendica.eskimo.com


[Help] Trouble shutting down a linux machine

I am having issues with my linux machine running openSUSE MicroOS. It runs fine but I can't power it off via SSH. I tried shutdown, poweroff and halt but no command turned the machine off. I then have to physically push the power button but I don't feel comfortable doing that too often because I might interrupt some processes which are still running? Is there something I could still try or something I did wrong?
5

SystemCTL systems need to use: "systemctl shutdown".

Not sure if openSUSE uses it.

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
5
@Clocks [They/Them] @theorangeninja Not entirely correct, most will have shutdown scripts that call systemd, but that is a direct way to accomplish it.

Running poweroff is one of the correct ways on anything Systemd (details). If that doesn't work then something is broken.

If you haven't done so already try looking into the journal. sudo journalctl -b -1 -e will take you to the end of the log for the last boot.

This entry was edited (1 week ago)

Question about cryptsetup, LUKS and auto-mounting an SD at boot

Hi guys!

I have a Surface laptop, which I want to use again with a microSD as external storage. Since this can be easily pulled off from the laptop, I want it to be encrypted. This was encrypted before, but eventually the SD failed, and I'm trying to recreate what I had...without much success.

Steps so far...
Create the LUKS volume:

#cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/sda

Format in ext4 (I believe it was in Exfat with the old SD?):

\#cryptsetup open /dev/sda encrypted
\#mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/encrypted

That should do it regarding the volume creation. Now comes what I can't quite get working.
I created a pw txt file within my home folder:

/home/user/EncryptedSD.txt

Then I refer to this via /etc/crypttab at boot:

encrypted /dev/sda /home/user/EncryptedSD.txt

And my /etc/fstab should attempt to mount this on the spot:

/dev/mapper/encrypted /media/SDCard ext4 auto,nofail,rw

However, as this is set, I'm being prompted halfway through boot for the password. And I can't type anything onto that field. Not that it matters, as it's a really long randomly generated password, no way I could remember it.

Even if I managed to make it go through boot, I'm still prompted for mounting the drive when I clicked on it, and I'm also prompted for the password, so clearly something's not quite there yet. Any ideas? I intend to sync a series of network folders to this drive, so not being ready can make it a bit messier to sync at boot.

Thanks!

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
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Yes, I understand all this but....If I got the wrong password, I should, A) get some feedback that I have clicked Enter and attempted a login, and B) get feedback that my attempt failed, right? All I get is a frozen screen unresponsive to any input at all.
Yes, sorry for missunderstanding !
This entry was edited (1 week ago)

mao via Linux lemmy

When did Kdenlive get so good?

cross-posted from: lemmy.sdf.org/post/32192355

Just found out about this guy on YouTube named Nuxttux because I've been trying to make some social media videos.

Kdenlive is a completely different beast than the one that I remember using a couple of years ago. It has so much functionality in it, like all the "TikTok effects", proxy clips, rendering previews, visualizing effect curves between keyframes... like damn. This is actually legit software now for my basic needs.

The thing is, it seems like these were all added in the past 2 years, because I had 23.x installed through the Debian repo and I upgraded through Flatpak to 24.12 and it seems to have added all of these?

Anyway holy shit. Go give these guys some money. This is game changing

53 3
I just make little videos for myself a couple times a year. So I'm far from a pro. But holy shit kdenlive and blender are powerful programs (blender moreso, but kden is still pretty cool)
3

Same, for quick-and-easy hobby work, it's a great tool. Sometimes I will be surprised by looking up a video effect and seeing it can be done in kdenlive.

A few years back there was a bug with my set-up where it would crash when moving clips a certain way, but once that was solved, kdenlive has been smooth sailing for me.

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
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Physical Install to QEMU VM, is it possible?

Hello everyone!

I have been learning QEMU for the past day and so I've almost finished building my perfect VM from the qemu cli, and I was wondering if there is any method to say, copy a partition(+bootloader) of a physically installed system (in this case, Windows) over a hard disk image and run it with QEMU

Unfortunately I've had no luck searching online about it and I'm unsure how to proceed myself since I've never done any disk-cloning or anything like that

My best guess would be to dump the contents of the partitions into a shared folder with the VM, then use a live media to copy those contents over into the hard disk image and finally install a bootloader to work with the Windows boot manager, but I'm all ears for what anyone has to say about it.

Thanks for reading and please let me know what you know!

23 3

Here be dragons. But basically:

  • Run a VM from contents of a physical disk: use ’dd’ to create disk image. If on linux, try to boot and fix all the errors, hopefully few.
  • Run VM as physical machine: other way around.

You won’t find this in a tutorial. You need to understand concepts, read manuals, fit everything together, execute, fail and retry until it works.

For Windows, I have no idea. Conceptually, I figure it’s similar.

1
The Host is Linux (arch, btw) so just the guest would be Windows and im ready to squash errors too, so thanks for the heads up
This entry was edited (1 week ago)
Yes. set your CD in the VM to a linux distro iso like Linux, set boot from the CD in the vm, then you can use all the tools on your ISO to do whatever you want to the vm.

Alternative to PicCollage

My partner is looking for an alternative to PicCollage, there doesn't seem to be a simple collage builder for digital scrapbooking on Linux.

It needs to be able to scale, rotate and place images (video nice but not required) and add text that can be put into various "fun" fonts.

I don't know what the "ideal" would be other than the above.

Note: she is running Linux Mint 21.3

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
10 1

Anyone here has RX 9070 XT? Is there a way to disable RGB?

cross-posted from: lemm.ee/post/60562469

Hi all!

I know that AMD has software for controlling RGB on Windows. I found some old threads where someone suggested disconnecting the LEDs themselves, which is not something I'm willing to do with my 2-day old card.

I also would love not having to switch to Windows just to turn the bloody RGB off.

I've never used OpenRGB and I don't quite understand their compatibility guide for the 9070, so I'm not sure if it's doable there.

So! Does anyone here have that card and was able to disable RGB on Linux?

As a sidenote: I just realised that my OS sees two GPUss - the dGPU and the iGPU. Is there a way I can turn iGPU off so that it doesn't get in the way?

Any help appreciated!

Oh, I should probably mention - I'm on:

OS Garuda Linux x86_64
├ Kernel Linux 6.13.8-zen1-1-zen
├ Packages 1366 (pacman)[stable]
├ Shell fish 4.0.1

DE KDE Plasma 6.3.4
├ Window Manager KWin (Wayland)
12 2

Have you tried openrgb?

Edit: oh, you mentioned it. I haven't used it, but it seems to be the best option.

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
4

Could not upvote on another instance [please explain for noob]

I've joined Lemmy.ml. Someone sent me a link to a video posted on Feddit.nl - I thought I could log in and upvote/comment using my Lemmy.ml credentials. Wrong!

Why is this? Sorry for my ignorance, I'm relatively new to the fediverse. But I thought that they were all federated so you can interact with all instances??!

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When instances become instruments of propaganda for Putin/Xi/Kim and ban people who expose such propaganda, they fully deserve to be blocked. They've become instruments of the enemies of civil society.

It's the moderation practices of those instances that put them in the corner of "sectarian shit". The rest of us don't need to tolerate such toxicity.

1

But when instances become instruments of propaganda for NATO/US/EU and ban people who expose such propaganda, that's fine.

I tolerate the toxicity of .world and other liberal instances, but maybe I shouldn't. Maybe this is self harm. Maybe I should just join lemmygrad so I never have to get attacked again for disagreeing with the liberal consensus. I'd probably hit myself less.

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Tea via Linux lemmy

openSUSE Seamless migration from Windows.

openSUSE takes a step further by offering users a seamless migration tool for migration from Windows 10 and 11 to openSUSE Leap and Tumbleweed. The migration tool covers the migration of the NTFS filesystem to Btrfs, user data, Steam game library, and most of the common applications that coexist on both platforms.
This entry was edited (1 week ago)
2

Tea via Linux lemmy

openSUSE Seamless migration from Windows.

openSUSE takes a step further by offering users a seamless migration tool for migration from Windows 10 and 11 to openSUSE Leap and Tumbleweed. The migration tool covers the migration of the NTFS filesystem to Btrfs, user data, Steam game library, and most of the common applications that coexist on both platforms.
This entry was edited (1 week ago)
1

Tea via Linux lemmy

openSUSE Seamless migration from Windows.

openSUSE takes a step further by offering users a seamless migration tool for migration from Windows 10 and 11 to openSUSE Leap and Tumbleweed. The migration tool covers the migration of the NTFS filesystem to Btrfs, user data, Steam game library, and most of the common applications that coexist on both platforms.
This entry was edited (1 week ago)
1

35 2

Anyone got a link to a meaningful description of improvement, rather than "pretty colours" and a "better package solver"?

My most frequent use of apt is inside a Dockerfile, so care factor on UI is not high and "better" isn't a measurable metric.

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duckduckgo.com/?q=apt+3.0

Edit for those who couldn't be bothered to click through the first result:

salsa.debian.org/apt-team/apt/…

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
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Why can't I block rule 34 community?

Hi, I am able to block other communities but rule 34 at lemmynsfw does not let me block it at all. The side bar does not always load and when I can get it to load the block button does not work. Anyone else have issues blocking communities?
35 2

Just stop going there.

Haven't you seen enough Flintstones pron?

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
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Can I use BTRFS to keep seperate root and home while being able to format root while keeping home intact?

I want to be able to format my system without formatting my home, I know I can keep them seperate partitions but I would prefer if I can have dynamic sizes of each, can I achieve that by creating a sub volume for each? Would I be able to distrohop without removing my home while keeping the sizes dynamic? I never sat up a BTRFS before so I'm clueless
27 1
If you format the btrfs partition, it will erase everything. You can just delete the old root subvolume and create a new one when installing a different distro though.
I do the this and it's great. An entire distro takes up only a few GB. Many graphical installers don't support installing on an existing btrfs partition (or subvolume) and want to create a new one. This can often be solved by manual intervention (via terminal).
This entry was edited (1 week ago)
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[Solved] How can I run a command without being logged in as a user?

XY: I installed bazzite and goofed up. The username is wrong and my home is /home/bazzite instead of /home/ludrol

I am trying to run usermod -l ludrol bazzite in tty3 with sudo su - but the bazzite user is logged.

Solution:
Added password to root with passwd
Logged in as root
Ran required usermod commands
Disabled root with passwd -l

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
32

IDK if this will work but maybe doing exec sudo -i does the trick.

Otherwise just enable the root account and log in as root. Should be passwd -u root to unlock (passwd -l root to relock), also need to set the root password using passwd root.

Another way to do this is sudo su -c 'this is my command'

E.g. change a fan setting on a ThinkPad with:

sudo su -c 'echo "level full-speed" > /proc/acpi/ibm/fan'

So to run a shell you could do all sorts of tricks like:

sudo su -c '/bin/bash -i' and such.

Never know when it comes in handy.

EDIT: Damn, downvoted, any reason why? It works on my machine with a locked root user or one without a PW and I made sure to test it before posting, but I'd love an explanation of why it wouldn't work if that's the reason for the downvote. Was just hoping it would be useful to somebody :/

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
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What bios settings do I need to change before installing Linux?

So I got a new HP Victus 2023, and I want to install Fedora on it, it has an RTX 4050 and has win11 preinstalled, my last laptop was a 2014 Toshiba and I only had to disable secure boot for Linux to run, is there something else to disable before installing Fedora ? Maybe TPM?
34 7
WEAK. WASTE 17HRS AND UNCOUNTABLE AMOUNTS OF DATA BY FUCKING AROUND. 40 BILLION SUCH CASES!
This entry was edited (1 week ago)
2 1

The best thing you can do for the fediverse is just be kind

The fediverse is small, and thats both a blessing and a curse - one of its several blessings is that in a smaller space we all individually have a bigger impact on what the culture of this space is like.

On this comm (and on lemmy broadly) there's a lot of discussion about how to grow the fediverse, what to improve, but an easy thing you can do for the fediverse is right in front of us-

  • Be kind
  • Ask people what they think, and why
  • Approach folks you disagree with with curiosity rather than hostility (EDIT: no, this is not specifically referring to Nazis. I get it, they're the first thing that comes to mind. I'm not telling you to approve of Nazis I'm just saying be kind to your fellow lemmites)
  • Engage sincerely
  • Ask yourself if there's something nice you can say
  • Make this small space worth being in

A platform lives or dies by what's available on said platform and often we have this conversation in the context of "content" or posts - and we may never have as much content as reddit does. But content and posts aren't the only thing this kind of platform offers- it also offers people. It offers community, and human interaction.

Culture and community is lemmy and the fediverse's biggest differentiator, and we all have a role to play in shaping the culture of this space.

***The biggest thing you can do to help the fediverse *is make it a place worth being.****

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
1789 35
Tell that to the people who make a dozen sockpuppet accounts to insult me just because I disagreed with them.
4 2
Second best thing you can go is to report unkind people.
This entry was edited (1 week ago)
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How do Boosts / Retoots Show on Your Home Server?

I am a prolific retweeter. I also see many instances prohibit nsfw, or some prohibit nsfw without a cw, or without a specific cw. Many servers have 5 or 10 categories of content that must be CWd. If I boost/retoot a post from another mastodon instance, what does that look like for other users of my instance? Does it show up in the local feed? If I boost an untagged nsfw or otherwise 'bad' content under the local rules, is that moderate-able (bad for the retooter)?

I intend to mark my profile as sensitive and put every post of mine behind a CW.

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
25 2

The Wizard and His Shell

43 4
I don't know, nothing struck me as new, the only difference is the presentation and the mouse (but I prefer keyboard). the example given for animated indicators already exists using ASCII escape codes. my zsh already has syntax highlighting on the prompt indicating mistyped commands, and suggest possible completions with a tui (with vim bindings). I could go on but anyway my point is everything they show is already possible with a tui, the only reason a clicky clicky solution doesn't exist is because keyboard are freakin better and faster.
They are right that we need a terminal evolution/revolution, but it's not the mouse.
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GUIs do have advantages in things like discoverability. Honestly the 1983s Apple Lisa nailed this with the idea of having clickable menus annotated with keyboard shortcuts, so users could do the same thing faster next time. For some reason we stopped doing this (especially in web apps), but that's a reason to make better GUIs, not to RETVRN to the feature set of a VT100.

I don't know why we have to go on nonsensical diatribes about "UNIX wizards" though when we're fundamentally talking about a handful of minor UI improvements to things that already exist.

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
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What second hand laptop to buy

I would like to buy myself a second hand and install Linux on it. I was looking into ThinkPad T14 gen1 or gen2 devices because of their maintainability and repairability. I found one where I live with a Ryzen processor but it has the wrong keyboard. How easy and expensive would it be to swap this with US English? Are there any good alternatives to the ThinkPads? I fancy the X1 but don't like the fact that I cannot change or swap anything on it. The T14 looks very bulky and unattractive but at least can have the RAM upgraded and the battery changed.

I fancy the Framework laptops, but don't want to spend so much on a laptop. Especially the latest 16 inch with Ryzen AI CPUs.

The T14 G1 is at least cheap, like 350€ with the 400 nits low power display and the battery is at 99%. I guess with tlp installed and autocpugfreq I can get 5-6 hours out of it.

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Thinkpads and Framework are top tier. Then there’s the “Linux first brands” like System76 and Tuxedo. All of those will work flawlessly.

Then the “generally work well with Linux” like Acer, Lenovo, and Asus; maybe some HP, LG and Samsung. Then the “probably runs Linux fine, but it’s a weird brand” like Redmi, Chuwi, and Gateway.

Then the “avoid at all costs” like Dell, Apple, Microsoft Surface, a lot of HPs, and anything with a Qualcomm ARM processor.

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Nowadays with Apple, the bigger issue is the ARM Linux ecosystem being neglected in terms of support rather than the hardware compatibility (that is for M1/M2). The hardware for the most part works except for USB-HDMI and fingerprint (which didn't work on my HP laptop either).
This entry was edited (1 week ago)
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FediAI - Demo

You post through the UI to a Fediverse hashtag, on which AI bots listen to, which replies are then displayed in the UI. In the future, the main app should have some kind of ranking only to show the best replies. Through hashtags, AI bots can specialize in certain areas. It would also be possible to partially process a task (for example translate it) and then repost it to another hashtag (I call that "prompt routing). This way, you can have chains of AI bots working together on public, shared message queues.
This entry was edited (1 week ago)
11 28

Great ATProto blog post on the reasoning behind their design architecture

54 12

I think they meant mostly the decentralised distribution of data.
At the end of "Generic hosting, Centralised product development" it says

Even though product development is centralized, the underlying data and identity remain open and universally accessible as a result of building on atproto. Put another way, ownership is clear for the evolution of a given application, but since the data is open, it can be reused, remixed, or extended by anyone else in the network.


So theoretically everyone can access the data but before it reaches the end users it goes through centralised applications like bsky

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
2 1

I'm not sure that your reply is directly related to my comment. The full sentence I quoted is "Under these definitions, Bluesky and ATProto are not meaningfully decentralized, and are not federated either." by Christine Lemmer-Webber, but Daniel Holmgren talked more directly about "decentralised distribution of data".

Because of what I quoted, I don't think that "Bluesky" or "ATProto" are decentralized or federated, so it's extremely unlikely that I'll interact with them anytime soon. The particular reason that they are not decentralized or federated is not really interesting to me.

To get specific: it is a significant issue for me if "everyone can access the data but before it reaches the end users it goes through centralised applications". A "centralised application" is able to restrict my ability to contact other people, whereas with a federated and/or decentralized/distributed system, it's more likely that I will be able to contact someone that I want to communicate with. For comparison, consider how people would feel if using the United States Postal Service meant that all physical mail had to pass through the District of Columbia or if sending an email message required interacting with BBN-TENEXA just because that was the first machine to be capable of sending networked electronic mail. In the ideal case, the recipient of a message I send would not have to coordinate with me at all before they receive the message: "The first use of network email announced its own existence."

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Ibis-Wiki (A federated encyclopaedia)

Introducing IBIS-Wiki

A federated encyclopedia which uses the ActivityPub protocol, just like Mastodon or Lemmy.
ibis.wiki/

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This sounds like a way to have 13 different 'realities' for any given topic, depending on which instance it was hosted on.
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Hm, that's not how Lemmy communities / threads tend to develop. Unless you're considering the effects of defederation I guess.
2

Missing an /s?

Take a look at the 'news' on various instances like hexbear vs world and it's night and day. An encyclopedia is meant to be factually reliable, but if this works like it does here you would have the equivalent of conservapedia and prolewiki sitting side by side as 'true'.

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What you're observing are different communities and different threads. The community lemmy.world/c/news is roughly the same everywhere. A thread in some community in lemmy.ca is roughly the same everywhere.
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
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That could be, I was thinking if the pages were more like the communities. I would have to think they need to be for any kind of moderation, otherwise who approves edits or has edit permissions? If someone else doesn't agree with the vision on the existing page/thread what stops someone from putting up an alternate version?
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Moderation, voting, there are options. My point is whatever the version is of a community or a thread on Lemmy on its host instance, nearly the same the version is on another Lemmy instance that federates with most of the same instances. If we consider just 2 instances federating with each other, and users have no blocklists, and all federation updates are perfectly transferred (no networking issues), then a community in one instance would look identical on the other. So would a thread. After moderation actions and all.
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
1

Agree.

I also think a federated wiki is a great idea.

I think the way to do that is: instead of having separate realities/universes linked together by search and federation, try to unite those universes into a shared multiverse, to the greatest possible.

In other words
- ❌ merely give all federated users access to the same articles
- ✅ automatically link and embed similar articles into each other by default (collapsed, but expandable). similarity can be determined by authors'/contributors' intentional citations, by instance owners' filter rules, by LLM, etc.

of course, there may be attempts to obfuscate relatedness, astroturfing, brigading, whatnot. I wonder if its possible to visualize voting results for each duplicated/linked article along with the originating instance. I think this would function as a pseudo version of 'community fact-checking'. Maybe a better name would be 'reality-checking' or 'sanity-checking' or whatever.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
3

alpine linux bootlog for nanopi r4s failed boot - Pastebin.com

I have been banging my head against the desk over this. I can use u-boot on the SD card to boot alpine off a flash drive. I cannot get the entire thing running off SD card though. It keeps doing this. What am I missing?
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Bad SD card.

SD cards aren't meant to handle sustained read/write loads, and they wear out and die quickly on these devices.

Start with a fresh card, and if you run a lot of services that generate a lot of log noise, set up log2ram to help extend the life of the SD card. A more permanent fix would be to boot from an SSD which won't have these failure issues.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
2

World on warcraft on Linux

Hello everybody!
I want to escape Microsoft and windows, and I am looking for a Linux distro. I have some experience with Unix and a very old Ubuntu distro. But that's quite some years ago. I am looking for a Linux distribution where i can play World of Warcraft on. I mainly use Nvidia graphics (RTX 3070).

I have found some distributions that are supposed to be good for gaming. I suppose, as i am still a Linux Noob, I am also looking for a distribution which is easy to get into. Especially for an older gamer ;)

I came with these distro's myself. What does the Linux community say?

Bazzite
- Based on Fedora Atomic
- Pre Installed Steam
- Nvidia drivers and support
bazzite.gg/
docs.bazzite.gg/Gaming/index.h…

Developer: Universal Blue (US?)

Drauger OS
- Based on Ubuntu LTS using KDE Plasma
- Pre for AMD
draugeros.org/

Pop!_OS
- based on Ubuntu
- Optimized for gaming on Nvidia GPU's
system76.com/pop/

Developer: system76 (Denver, US)

SteamOS
-based on Debian 8 (Jessie)
-designed to run steam and steam games
-set to auto update their OS from Valve repo's
store.steampowered.com/steamos

Developer: Valve (US)

Manjaro
-based on Arch (rolling release model for latest software/drivers)
-KDE plasma desktop
(Pro-tip: enable flatpak and install ProtonUp-QT)
manjaro.org/products

Developer: Majaro (EU - Austria, France, Germany)

Ubuntu:
-the go-to linux distro for millions of users, incl gamers
-best for beginners and gamers who want stable well supported distro
-works seamlesssly with steam, lutris, wine
(pro-tip: install the gamemode package (sudo apt install gamemode))
ubuntu.com/download

Developer: Canonical ltd. (UK)

Nobara
-based on Fedora
-optimized for gaming on newer Nvidia graphics (drivers come installed)
nobaraproject.org/download-nob…

Developer: Thomas Crider (Denver, US)

Mint
-based on debian and Ubuntu
-friendly OS, works out of the box, extremely easy to use
linuxmint.com/download.php

Developer : Linuxmint (French, Dutch, UK)

70 7

wow is one of the easiest things to run and has ran pretty much fine since it came out in 2004 lol

The newer battle net launcher is more difficult to run, but lutris auto installs all that for you.

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
5
Any reasonably modern, well maintained desktop distro should be fine; whether they're "for gaming" or not shouldn't matter. I've successfully run WoW on both Debian Stable and Arch.
This entry was edited (1 week ago)
6

rEFInd doesn't show BTRFS snapshots.

What I want:


To boot into a BTRFS snapshots from rEFind boot manager. But rEFInd doesn't show the snapshots.


Additional Info:


  1. So, apparently, to restore the BTRFS snapshot of a root subvolume, I shouldn't do it with the root partition being actively used.
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  2. So, I need to boot into the desired snapshot from the boot manager itself.
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  3. GRUB has grub-btrfs, which lets you boot into snapshot from OS selection screen itself.
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  4. rEFInd has refind-btrfs, which should do the same as grub-btrfs. But it didn't in my case. I am not seeing any way to boot into a snapshot from rEFInd.
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  5. I use BTRFS Assistant with snapper to manage snapshots.
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  6. I am not seeing any way to restore the snapshot from live environment too.
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  7. I am using CachyOS (Arch) with Plasma DE.
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  8. I suspect the reason is my unusual /efi /boot partition layout. (attached below)
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  9. I did my partition this way because, my initial EFI partition had less storage (as seen on image), so , I created another boot partition and mounted my pre-existing EFI partition to /boot/efi. I did this by referring a Youtube video (I know, I should've known better)
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  10. I also encrypted my BTRFS / partition
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  11. If you need any other info, please ask.
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I know this is a general community, but this is the 7th community that I'm asking this 🥲

Some people suggested Limine bootloader, but I like rEFInd for its versatile theme support.

5

From arch's site:

Tip: make sure btrfs_x64.efi driver is installed, it can be installed manually by copying from /usr/share/refind/drivers_x64/btrfs_x64.efi to esp/EFI/refind/drivers_x64/btrfs_x64.efi, or you can install all drivers with the refind-install /dev/sdx --alldrivers option.

Warning: btrfs_x64.efi does not support raid1c3/4.

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Thank you.

But, its already there. Also, I don't do any raid.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
2

On brightness, and calibrating your displays

1

This makes a numerous amounts of incorrect assumptions.

For one it assumes all sRGB monitors utilize gamma2.2 for decoding images. This is bluntly put, completely wrong. A large amount of displays utilize the inverse OETF (the peicewise srgb transform) for decoding sRGB. (for some more information from a somewhat authoritative body, filmlight's "srgb we need to talk" video on youtube goes more indepth but TLDR is 25-50% of displays use the inverse sRGB oetf)

this is why windows HDR uses the inverse oetf. Decoding content graded on a pure 2.2 display with the inverse oetf is way better then decoding content graded on an inverse oetf display with a pure 2.2. Windows took the safe route of making sure most content looks at least OK. I would not say that windows HDR is wrong, it's not right, but it's not wrong either. this is just the mess that sRGB gave us.

Another time you should be using the inverse sRGB OETF to linearize content when the original content was encoded using the sRGB oetf and you want to go back to that working data, but this applies less to compositors and more to authoring workflows.

Another wrong assumption

When you use Windows 11 on a desktop monitor and enable HDR, you get an “SDR content brightness” slider in the settings - treating HDR content as something completely separate that’s somehow independent of the viewing environment, and that you cannot adjust the brightness of. With laptop displays however, you get a normal brightness slider, which applies to both SDR and HDR content.


People have been adjusting monitor brightness for ages. Sometimes manually, sometimes with DDC etc.

Another issue that is brought up is "graphics white" BT.2408 is a suggestion, not a hard coded spec, many different specs or suggestions use a different "graphics white" value. A good example of this is JXL. 2408 also very explicitly says 'The signal level of “HDR Reference White” is not directly related to the signal level of SDR “peak white”.'

this is important to note because this directly contradicts the some of the seemingly core assumptions made in the article, and even some of the bullet points like "a reference luminance, also known as HDR reference white, graphics white or SDR white" and "SDR things, like user interfaces in games, should use the reference luminance too"

if your application has some need to differentiate between “SDR” and “HDR” displays (to change the buffer format for example), you can do so by checking if the maximum mastering luminance is greater than the reference luminance


This needs to be expanded upon that this does NOT correlate to what the general user understands HDR and SDR to be. HDR and SDR in the terms of video content is no more then a marketing term and without context it can be hard to define what it is, However it is abundantly clear from this quote here that how they are interpreting HDR and SDR (which is a very valid technically inclined way of interpreting it) does NOT fall inline with general user expectation.

Anyone reading this article should be made aware of this.

For one it assumes all sRGB monitors utilize gamma2.2 for decoding images


Assuming that all monitors do anything specific at all would be a folly, no.
There are no assumptions there, the sRGB spec has no ambiguity when it comes to the transfer function of the display.

That a certain percentage of displays don't behave like expected is annoying, but doesn't really change anything (beyond allowing the user to change the assumed transfer function in SDR mode).

this is why windows HDR uses the inverse oetf. Decoding content graded on a pure 2.2 display with the inverse oetf is way better then decoding content graded on an inverse oetf display with a pure 2.2. Windows took the safe route of making sure most content looks at least OK. I would not say that windows HDR is wrong, it’s not right, but it’s not wrong either. this is just the mess that sRGB gave us.


The most likely actual reason Window uses the piece-wise transfer function for HDR is that it did that in SDR mode too - where however the default ICC profile was also piece-wise sRGB, so it canceled out on 99% of PCs, and had no negative effects.

Another time you should be using the inverse sRGB OETF to linearize content when the original content was encoded using the sRGB oetf and you want to go back to that working data, but this applies less to compositors and more to authoring workflows.


Makes sense.

People have been adjusting monitor brightness for ages. Sometimes manually, sometimes with DDC etc.


That's a very different thing. Pushing viewing environment adjustments to the display side makes some amount of sense with SDR monitors - when you get an SDR display with increased luminance capabilities vs. the old one, you change the monitor to display the content comfortably in your environment.

With HDR though, if the operating system considers PQ content to be absolute in luminance, you can't properly adjust that on the monitor side anymore, because a lot of monitors completely lock you out of brightness controls in HDR mode, and the vast majority of the ones that do allow you to adjust it, only allow you to reduce luminance, not increase it above "PQ absolute".

Another issue that is brought up is “graphics white” BT.2408 is a suggestion, not a hard coded spec, many different specs or suggestions use a different “graphics white” value.


I didn't claim that PQ had only one specification that uses it, I split up SMPTE ST 2084, rec.2100 and BT.2408 for a reason. I didn't dive into it further because a hundred pages of diving into every detail that's irrelevant in practice is counter productive to people actually learning useful things.

A good example of this is JXL.


Can you expand on what you mean with that?

2408 also very explicitly says ‘The signal level of “HDR Reference White” is not directly related to the signal level of SDR “peak white”.’


That "directly" is very important, as it does very much make both these signal levels the same. As I wrote in the blog post, the spec is all about broadcasts and video.

Other systems do sometimes split these two things up, but that nearly always just results in a bad user experience. I won't rant anymore about the crapshow that is HDR on Windows, but my LG TV cranks up brightness of its UI to the absolute maximum while an HDR video is playing. If they would adhere to the recommendations of BT.2408, they would work much better.

this is important to note because this directly contradicts the some of the seemingly core assumptions made in the article, and even some of the bullet points like “a reference luminance, also known as HDR reference white, graphics white or SDR white” and “SDR things, like user interfaces in games, should use the reference luminance too”


No contradictions at all. The Wayland protocol defines these things to be the same, so for application developers they just are the same, end of story.

This needs to be expanded upon that this does NOT correlate to what the general user understands HDR and SDR to be. HDR and SDR in the terms of video content is no more then a marketing term and without context it can be hard to define what it is, However it is abundantly clear from this quote here that how they are interpreting HDR and SDR (which is a very valid technically inclined way of interpreting it) does NOT fall inline with general user expectation.


That's just absolute nonsense. The very very vast majority of users do not have any clue whatsoever what transfer function content is using, or even what a transfer function, buffer encoding or even buffers are, the only difference they can see is that HDR gets brighter than SDR.

And again, this too is about how applications should use the Wayland protocol. This is the only way to define it that makes any sense.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)

I should elaborate on why the "Peak white" stuff is wrong, they give this math here for mapping linear luminance. This can be really confusing, "what do we map the references to" well if PQ "graphics white" is 203, should we map sRGB to 203? clearly not, at least not always as implied by BT.2408.

the question as to what we map SDR content to in an HDR space is complex, and in many cases almost certainly not some number that we can do 1:1 mapping with, which is why specifications for inverse tonemapping exist. for instance BT.2446 defines multiple tone mapping algorithms to go from SDR->HDR->SDR or HDR->SDR->HDR or any step inbetween with minimal content loss and fidelity loss.

we cannot do a simple one size fits all function and expect everything to be hunky dory

Again, the reference luminance mapping is all about how applications should use the Wayland protocol.

How to map SDR to HDR can indeed be made much more complicated, from simple gamma adjustments to some full blown ITM meant for images or videos, like what BT.2446 suggests, but as far as applications are concerned, those are edge cases that they don't really need to be prepared for.

It's not like they have a different choice - unless the compositor supports custom reference luminance levels (which KWin does, but not all others do), and they support custom reference luminance themselves, then they need some logic to calculate peak luminance levels. If the compositor steps outside of those common expectations for reference luminance mapping, then the result may not be ideal, but there is no way for the application to do better.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)

What's up with Linux on Snapdragons?

6 3
On regular x86 laptops, this mapping is already present in the UEFI firmware, described as ACPI tables. ACPI, which stands for Advanced Configuration and Power Interface, is an open standard that some firmware implementations use to advertise the devices that are part of the system to the operating system through a key-value data structure called “ACPI tables”. At boot, when the operating system detects ACPI tables, it reads them to enumerate the hardware devices and allow the various drivers and kernel modules to interact with all compatible discovered devices.


Why doesn't Quallcomm have this? Seems like a major oversight. Kinda weird that they don't have ACPI. It's an open standard...

Anti Commercial-AI license

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
3 1

ETA: Sorry I was wrong. ACPI doesnt solve this*. Arm SystemReady SR/ES does and its why Ampere cpus can boot on linux on release without too much work.

Sadly its currently only used for iot/server stuff but hopefully it will eventually make its way to consumer tech. We need to raise awareness on this and pressure companies to commit to this standard.

*From what I read, WoA has full ACPI support but qcoms ACPI apis only work on Windows. [1][2]

~~Yeah its really unfortunate that most arm chips/devices use DTs instead of conforming to ACPI. However with ARM becoming more prominent on servers (and desktops), Im hoping this changes. There is now a push for ACPI on Arm since thats what companies running Arm on servers want. Ampere server cpus eg have ACPI support and arm now has docs on ACPI. I hope qualcomm is also forced to support ACPI. I think they will have to do it if they want to see their cpus being used in data centers and the like.~~

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
2

GUI Programming Recommendations

Hello all,

I'm trying to get into GUI programming, but am hesitating on using a Python library to make my first barebones program. My goal is to code basic buttons and understand how operating systems implement the way they draw windows for applications.

I have coded mostly in scientific libraries or high-level languages that are fairly simple (Python, Matlab, Julia)... Also am familiar with basic concepts and syntax from C.

Looking for recommendations to start. I am happy to learn a new PL. Interested in writing code for legacy hardware and mobile. Bonus if the codes are general enough to be written for most displays one could interact with.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
56 1

Bless you for doing god's work. We need more GUI developers and a better ecosystem as a whole.

That said, it's pretty shite right now. Your established options are GTK and Qt. Qt uses C++ and I believe GTK uses C. I've only really looked briefly into Qt development, and it looks like there are bindings to Rust.

That said, I'm a firm-believer that doing GUIs through code is an inefficient, cumbersome, and antiquated process that should be replaced with more visual alternatives, like we see in Godot Engine.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
4 1
pyqt5 or tkinter
This entry was edited (1 week ago)
3 1

Zorin OS 17.3 replaced the default Browser from Firefox(Old) to Brave(New).

In light of Mozilla’s recent policy changes, we no longer feel assured that Firefox aligns with our commitment to protect your privacy. This prompted us to revisit the choice of default web browser in Zorin OS 17.3.
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
18 7
What I don't like about brave is it's a rip-off of creators. It does not simply block ads, but replaces ads with it's own, so it profits, the creators get fucked, and in the end you get less quality content as a result, you get fucked. The ethics that went into that make Google look good.

Zorin OS 17.3 replaced the default Browser from Firefox(Old) to Brave(New).

In light of Mozilla’s recent policy changes, we no longer feel assured that Firefox aligns with our commitment to protect your privacy. This prompted us to revisit the choice of default web browser in Zorin OS 17.3.
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
125 49
How's the ad blocking or add-ons? Last I looked there was none.
Zen is based on Firefox, it supports 100% of firefox addons, as well as supporting its own community mods system for changing the browser itself
This entry was edited (1 week ago)
1

What features are missing from piefed, or, why aren't we reccommending piefed instead of lemmy?

Every time I go to the piefed frontpage I'm blown away by how much more polished it is. It has all the bells and whistles that lemmy is sometimes missing.

Whats the catch? Why aren't we recommending everyone goes to piefed instead of lemmy?

App support is one thing I can think of.

109 5

I never knew what it was because I'm a bit desensitised to new apps / app names.

Edit: using phtn.app/ has made Lemmy extremely pleasant to use too. I haven't had a better experience on any platform.

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
9

For me..

Because the PWA font is too small and can't be enlarged.

Because there's no 'back to top' button so have to kill the app to refresh.

Because there's no app.

But sometimes I use it anyway because the combining of articles is so much better than seeing the same article three or four times in a row in Voyager.

This entry was edited (1 week ago)
1

Life After Microsoft Windows: Linux Rises

This just warms my heart. The year of the Linux desktop isn't here, but the decade of it is.
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
159 15

ssh reverse tunnel

Is it possible to use a reverse ssh tunnel to force all network connection on the remote host through the local host.

Essentially:

local -> ssh -> remote
remote web request -> ssh tunnel -> local -> internet

I want the remote to make connections through the locals VPN without having to authenticate on the remote as well

Hopefully this makes sense

5

IDK anything about "routing" but I don't think it can solve this problem without additional services.

If my laptop is A and I want all outbound connections to go through server B then B needs to be running some kind of service whether it's merely a NAT router or VPN or proxy.

In this case OP actually want's B's outbound connections to go through A but it's the same problem.

1

Love that you put it in quotes as if to be sarcastic. Hilarious.

This is basically how the entire Internet works, but you know that from your post. Surely you also know that traffic gets "routed" from place A to B all the time without SSH as well.

So if you want to "route" a remote instance back to another place, you:

1) Set routing rules on the intended origin
2) Set default route on the remote client
3) Set restricted firewall rules so both the origin and client are allowed to talk to each other
4) Traffic is routed

Another alternative is using Tailscale and setting an exit node on your network, which is essentially the same thing.

But you already knew that, and that's why you chimed in with your comment. Stupid me.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
3

Qt 6.9 released

Qt 6.9 is here! This release brings exciting innovations, enhanced graphics performance, and new platform capabilities to help you build exceptional applications.

Highlighted improvements in Qt 6.9 include:
* Qt Graphs: Interactive 2D panning, zooming, and dynamic 3D graph injection. Printing support now available!
* Qt Quick: GPU-accelerated SVG animations and Variable Rate Shading for improved graphics performance.
* Qt Quick Controls: New context menu support enhances desktop integration and user experience.
* XR Enhancements: Haptic feedback added for creating richter immersive virtual interactions.

2

Qt is still the only excellent cross-platform desktop GUI framework.

It's a pity that it's current custodian's commercial licenses:

  • are subscriptions
  • are painfully expensive for a solo developer or small group
  • have a reputation for triggering legal threats and badgering from The Qt Company if one ever wants to end their subscription or (separately) use the open-source license for a FOSS project

This situation makes me afraid to use their commercial offerings, which in turn means they won't get any money from me at all; I feel that I can safely use their libs only in open-source code. Their business model is their decision, of course, but I can't help wondering if their whale-hunting approach actually nets them more money than a more accessible, lower-cost, one-time (or one-major-version) license option would. In many other industries, high sales volume reaps more profits than high price.

Thank goodness for the KDE Free Qt Foundation.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
2

[✅Fixed]Monitor drops to 30% brightness after suspend

Hey, I hope someone can help me.

Problem:

When I wake my PC from suspend, my monitor is always set down to 30% brightness for some reason.

These are the brightness settings of the monitor itself, which can only be accessed via the monitor settings using the buttons on the monitor. I do not mean the brightness settings of my desktop environment.
These are still set to 100%, even though the monitor is darker.

The problem also arises in a second case. When I lower the brightness in the brightness control of my DE, my monitor brightness is also lowered in the monitor settings down to 30% again. I can then no longer increase the brightness in the DE settings, because 100% in the DE now equals 30% in the monitor. So if I set the brightness to 50% in the DE for example, this is 50% of the 30% set in the monitor. So actually only 15% in real terms

I hope I was able to explain the problem clearly. Please ask if you don't understand something. It's really annoying because I need to turn up my screen brightness with the Buttons on the Monitor every single time I wake up my PC.

Technical data:

  • Nobara Linux 41 (Based on Fedora)
  • KDE Plasma 6.3.3
  • Wayland
  • Desktop PC. So a external monitor. Not a laptop monitor.
  • I have a 2nd monitor on which this does not happen.
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
36 2

A new security fund opens up to help protect the fediverse

211 3
We are tiny in comparison to the rest of the fediverse.
4
But its actually usable, pixelfed sucks, prob way more actual engagement and conversation here, pixelfed is hella ppl posting with no likes or views
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
6 1

I'm currently trying seatd+turnstile+greetd on dinit. s6 usersv would be alternative for turnstile+dinit but i see s6 more on server, personally.

This reminds me, i wanted to try mdev for a long time (there's mdev like a boss).

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
3

You will go back to your "usual" linux setup when you realize that most packages you set up with LFS are now broken and you'll need to redo the whole process again.

t. arch linux minimal installation only master race

7 2
If you still like some manual dependency control. Slackware is your friend 😁
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
2
Meh, archlinux is overrated.
5 2
I agree, AUR and pacman (syntax) suck. Apart from that Arch is one of the best.
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
1

[solved] How to backup a bunch of blu-rays?

Seeing that DVD are slowly going end-of-live and that you can't buy a lot of my childhood favorites in german anymore and streams are compressed-to-death (and DRMed), i had a streak of preservia. Which is why i rip a bunch of discs from the library on Linux (yes, legally not ok, but morally just ease of access, i wouldn't sell them). Since it's only to watch them when nostalgia hits, i want them in a ready-to-watch format, chose AV1 webm for small size. My burner is LibreDrive-ok ootb, meaning makemkv goes automatically in that mode.

I have the discs for a limited time, so i used to use dvdbackup for DVD and later feed the folder to handbrake for conversion. Now i got a bunch of blu-ray:

  • ripping one takes even longer; whole 25 hours; i don't have the time for the whole LotR series with bonus disks.
  • makemkvcon backup needs only about 2 hours per disk, but the resulting folder is 80 GB big; i have only about 250 GB free space
    ** and the makemkv backup somehow has no audio streams, while handbrake does

While i write this, handbrake is loading the chapters (that alone needs more than 1 hour for blu-ray); i'm trying if a lossless FFV1 mkv conversion (for later re-conversion) takes less long.

Now:

  • Any better approach?
  • Any way to fix makemkv having no audio? (i could juggle with external disks) I think i have all libraries and the KEYDB.cfg.

Edit: nope, handbrake suddenly has unable to decrypt unit (AACS)

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
27 1
I've had no problems compressing Blu Ray MKVs into MP4s with handbrake (using MX Linux). My drive is a branded, internal one (I want to say LG or Asus.) I am at work right now, by I can look at the model number when I get home if you want. Interestingly, I have actually used it on both German Blu Rays and North American ones.
1

Yeah, just now someone answered the comment on the shop mentioning libredrive compatibility, that the vendor changed the drive and you have to flash it now.

Edit: nope, i have the Toshiba one.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
I’ve done it with ffmpeg before - I think the command’s on the Arch wiki. I preserved subtitles as well. I overall remember it being pretty reasonable since I didn’t set it up to re-encode, just pass through original video.
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
1

Lemmyvision 2 song contest - Voting is now live!

cross-posted from: jlai.lu/post/17384631

Hey everyone, thank you again for participating, and for your submissions!

I'm glad to announce that the voting form is completed, and you can now cast your votes and select your favourite songs. Everyone is welcome to vote, even if your instance or community did not participate! This is a great opportunity to discover new music, cultures, and bridge the lemmyverse together.

**The voting form is available here: tally.so/r/wvzg8d**

I created a playlist so that you can easily listen to the submitted songs, it's available at the following links:

The form will be available until around the 8th of April, I will then collect the results and publish them shortly after. I hope you'll have a lot of fun listening to the 11 songs submitted for this edition. Don't hesitate if you have any question!

Cheers!


Lemmyvision 2 song contest - Voting is now live!

cross-posted from: jlai.lu/post/17384635

cross-posted from: jlai.lu/post/17384631
Hey everyone, thank you again for participating, and for your submissions!

I'm glad to announce that the voting form is completed, and you can now cast your votes and select your favourite songs. Everyone is welcome to vote, even if your instance or community did not participate! This is a great opportunity to discover new music, cultures, and bridge the lemmyverse together.

**The voting form is available here: tally.so/r/wvzg8d**

I created a playlist so that you can easily listen to the submitted songs, it's available at the following links:

The form will be available until around the 8th of April, I will then collect the results and publish them shortly after. I hope you'll have a lot of fun listening to the 11 songs submitted for this edition. Don't hesitate if you have any question!

Cheers!

52 2
francophone instance


But, the community is hosted on lemmy.world, is lemmy.world francophone? 🤔 (Or you mean the original post?)

2
!lemmyvision@jlai.lu is hosted on jlai.lu, this particular post is a cross post from that instance, this might be the source of confusion yes haha
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
1

Federated Blogging Options

What are all the federated blogging options available? I know of a few that are mostly clunky in my eyes.
22
Even more interesting IMO: what are the options that do not involve self-hosting (thus avoiding the PITA of babysitting a domain and server security)?
4
Hosted Wordpress with ActivityPub plugin
1
Full DB-driven monster for a few bytes of text. Sledgehammer to crack a nut if you ask me. But sure, this is the obvious answer.
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
3
Wordpress (with plugin)
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
3

Qt 6.9 released

Qt 6.9 is here! This release brings exciting innovations, enhanced graphics performance, and new platform capabilities to help you build exceptional applications.

Highlighted improvements in Qt 6.9 include:
* Qt Graphs: Interactive 2D panning, zooming, and dynamic 3D graph injection. Printing support now available!
* Qt Quick: GPU-accelerated SVG animations and Variable Rate Shading for improved graphics performance.
* Qt Quick Controls: New context menu support enhances desktop integration and user experience.
* XR Enhancements: Haptic feedback added for creating richter immersive virtual interactions.


Qt 6.9 released

cross-posted from: lemmy.ml/post/28018658

Qt 6.9 is here! This release brings exciting innovations, enhanced graphics performance, and new platform capabilities to help you build exceptional applications.

Highlighted improvements in Qt 6.9 include:
* Qt Graphs: Interactive 2D panning, zooming, and dynamic 3D graph injection. Printing support now available!
* Qt Quick: GPU-accelerated SVG animations and Variable Rate Shading for improved graphics performance.
* Qt Quick Controls: New context menu support enhances desktop integration and user experience.
* XR Enhancements: Haptic feedback added for creating richter immersive virtual interactions.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
110 2

Yeah new feature less bloat I guess

::: spoiler Tap for spoiler
Probably blocked by firefox focus because it might be a remote resource
:::

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
3

truly a blessing every time that can jpg makes an appearance
12

Linux Kernel Plan To Commit Web3 Integration

There has been discussions with-in the development circles regarding a potential integration of Web3 functionalities into the mainline kernel. Exploring the feasibility of incorporating features like decentralised application (dApp) support and smart contract execution directly into the kernel.

Early proposals suggest leveraging the NPUs in new processor families for secure on chain data validation within the kernel space. This means better fraud protection by validating signatures while booting up using the zk-SNARK cryptographic proof.

The developers at Linux Fundaytion notes that this plan requires extensive re-architecture of the codebase. They say that after this, Linux would only run supported systems with dedicated NPU and will simply refuse to boot on other systems, making a significant breakthrough in system security.

The timeline for the proposed changes have already been laid out. With chip manufactures already including dedicated NPUs, developers now have more freedom than ever. Linux communities have always welcomed Web3 technologies like NFT, dApp games etc. and with the kernel integration, Linux will be making a huge leap into the future. One developer put it aptly, "Imagine running my own ETH node directly within Linux kernel."

source

90 16
Rage-read until the third paragraph lol
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
12

Need advice on my setup: msata and 2.5 ssd.

I have an x220, yes it is old but I prefer the keyboard and the repairability. Anyway, it has 1 x msata SSD (2TB Orico) and 1 x 2.5 inch SSD (2TB Samsung).

What I want:

  • to take advantage of 2 drives.
  • no windows. I go full Linux now.
  • some forms of backup if system fails.

What I managed to do:

  • /, swap and all system directories on the msata
  • /home is dedicated to the entire 2.5 ssd.
  • fully encrypted. I.e the msata has a LUKS partition that mounts /, swap and others. The 2.5 inch also has a LUKS partiton for /home. My /home is on its own, so if system fails or I need to distro hop, I can keep all of my data.

System runs fine but is this a good idea in the long run?

Should I have it the other way? Root and swap and systems on faster 2.5inch SSD. Home in the smaller msata?

What about everything on the faster 2.5 drive, then use the slower msata for backups? Since I have 2TB, I'm thinking partition the msata into 2 so I can do: Timeshift backup on one, and Borg backup for my personal files on the other?

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
13 1

Ram in use after suspend issue

So I recently built a new computer to replace my 7 year old one but I have noticed a strange problem with it.

When I boot up the computer and use it as normal it sits around 8-10 GiB of ram in use plus about another 9 GiB committed.

But when I suspend the computer then un-suspend it later the in use ram starts creeping up even if I have less running than I did when I originally booted the computer.

Last time this happened it went from 10 GiB all the way up to about 43 GiB in the space of a few hours.

If I reboot then things go back to normal behavior.

Anyone have any ideas about what I could look for to fix it?


Specs:

  • Manjaro XFCE 25.0.0 Zetar
  • 6.13.8-2 Kernel
  • Gigabyte B860I AORUS PRO ICE ITX Motherboard
  • Intel Core Ultra 5 245KF CPU
  • 64GB DDR5 RAM
  • 2TB M.2 NVMe
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
14 2

Here is what I started with:

And what I have today after 3 suspends:

xfwm is XFCE's window manager, and it's eating almost 30% of the total system memory, so that's the prime suspect (I'm not exactly sure how much it interacts with other apps, so it's possible something else is forcing xfwm to use all that memory, but that is IMHO unlikely).

An ugly "fix" is to log out and log back in (yes, not much better than just rebooting), or you could try to somehow restart xfwm - running xfvm --replace in terminal might work.

Edit: there's an issue on the Manjaro forums that might be related: forum.manjaro.org/t/xfwm4-memo…

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
2

Building native packages is complicated | Packaging Anubis as native packages

Anubis provides protection against bots scraping websites and DDoSing projects.

This blog post is about Xe's reasoning for originally only providing docker packages and their work to provide native packages.

53 2

There must be a tool that allows you to build packages for multiple systems in multiple formats (deb, rpm, nix, flatpak, snap, etc.). Does that not exist? After 20 years of these systems existing, somebody must've tried...

Also, it's clear that once again, open source needs some kind of funding model, because it's a little crazy that a project like this can get so popular so fast, the dev flooded with praise, thanks, and issues but not money to maintain and develop it.

Anti Commercial-AI license

a tool that allows you to build packages for multiple systems in multiple formats (deb, rpm, nix, flatpak, snap, etc.).


Given flatpaks and snaps are toxic, the other ones - deb, rpm, pkg - can be packaged relatively easily. It's all a separate effort with files and meta-info that doesn't often intersect, but it's manageable. It lends itself incredibly well to the trivial 'automation' that gitlab, forgejo and other major git suites provide.

Source: did this for the entirety I built and maintained a software suite for linux and unix, for like 15 years. I built some code, I packaged it. Because anything less isn't really ISO27002.

TL;DR - the 'tool' is a simple script and your brain. the biggest hurdle is the unknown itself and, once you get to it, the work can be pretty straightforward.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)

I actually had a look since I did vaguely remember an EU Linux petition and sadly, @EUCommission@ec.social-network.europa.eu already killed it

While there is currently no formal project to establish an "EU Linux," there are many ongoing
initiatives that support the adoption of open source solutions within public administrations
across Member States. These efforts contribute to the EU’s broader objectives of transparency,
security, and technological independence in the digital domain.


Page 3/3

Pity that It's FOSS isn't on the fediverse, otherwise I'd tag them here...

Didn't know this. Plus, our article has been updated, it had some inaccuracies. 😅
Are you sure it's them? It's not listed in their socials
This is our official handle. 😃
Complete with built-in spyware and censorship.

Resources for discovery across the open social web/fediverse

This is a more focused revision of a post I made a few months ago, with an aim to help with discovery across the fediverse.

:::spoiler List of various directory/index-style sites to help find people/communities of interest
Software overview
* Fediverse Party

Finding instances/software-agnostic
* FediDB
* Fediverse Observer

Microblog specific
* Fedi Directory
* Fediverse Info - Note: also includes Pixelfed people.
* Trunk
* Guppe Groups - Workaround to post to groups across microblogging sites, useful to push posts to remote instances.

Forum/link aggregator specific
* Lemmyverse
* !wowthislemmyexists@lemmy.ca
* !newcommunities@lemmy.world
* !communitypromo@lemmy.ca
* !lemmy411@lemmy.ca

Video/Streaming specific
* Sepia Search
* Owncast Directory
:::


Searching and Following methods
This will vary across software, and may change as it changes, so take note of when this was written (end of March 2025).

By default, ActivityPub sites don't know of other, remote sites. Any remote site stuff you're seeing is because somehow the site your on was made aware of the other's stuff. Typically this may be that a user learns of a remote site's stuff in some way and decides to follow from their home site by looking it up via their site's search then subscribing/following.

All of the above format-specific links I've provided above are means of finding some remote sites' stuff to follow on one's home site. Below are some additional tools and methods to further help when using some of these different sites.

:::spoiler Microblog Tools and Methods
Tools
* StreetPass for Mastodon - detects Mastodon accounts on websites visited.
* Graze for Mastodon - Firefox Add-on - enables remote instance interactions for when viewing another instance.
* Graze - Chrome Extension - for those using Chrome variants.
* Phanpy frontend for Mastodon - has a variety of features that may help find what the default interface doesn't help to find.

Methods
* On Mastodon: follow hashtags to surface other accounts you might want to follow.
* Also make use of its keyword/hashtag filters to cut down on the sorts of posts you don't want to see by going to account preferences, filters.
* On Misskey & forks: create custom feeds via the "antenna" feature by choosing keywords and hashtags to track while using the same to exclude/filter out posts with other keywords/hashtags.
* Also make use of its mute/block settings to cut down on the sorts of posts you don't want to see by going to settings, under other settings, mutes and blocks.
* Post with hashtags more to help others searching by or following them find your posts. Even if it's just someone else on your home instance, if they share (boost/repost) your post and they have remote followers, it may help increase your visibility across the network.
:::

:::spoiler Forum/link aggregator Tools and Methods
Tools
* Lemmyverse Communities
* Piefed Feeds - if you're not on Piefed, these may still be helpful for finding different communities by viewing a feed's collected communities.
* Quiblr frontend for Lemmy - a unique frontend with a privacy-respecting recommendation engine.

Methods
* Follow the aforementioned communities under Forum/link aggregator specific above, or ask in !lemmy411@lemmy.ca or !communitypromo@lemmy.ca about communities.
* On Piefed/Mbin sites, use the keyword filtering feature to filter out posts you're uninterested in.
* On Lemmy sites use clients (e.g. Interstellar - Mobile/Desktop, Thunder - Mobile, Voyager - Mobile/Web) that provide keyword filtering, as default UI lacks this useful feature.
* Browse Local or All with sort set to New to see if any unfamiliar communities show up that you may want to follow.
* Block communities/instances you're uninterested in to help improve potential communities of interest visibility as you browse.
:::


If you're aware of other resources, tools, or methods that I've not mentioned here, please mention them in the comments! There's undoubtedly more to add that I've not come across.

14
Listen to Bernie:
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1 1

Wouldn't it be cool if these were built into their respective platforms!?

I think Sepia Search was actually integrated into PeerTube in the last update (7.1)

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1 1

GoboLinux lives again

I discovered GoboLinux not long ago and was disappointed to see it was no longer being maintained. It's exciting to see some folks are picking it back up again.
34 2
Not to offend, but the entire premise of this distro is about directory names, which seems a bit...dated. What are the other selling points?
1
I think the main premise is that every version of every software has its own installation prefix. This allows you to mix&match different versions, perform atomic upgrades, etc. You can think of it as a proto-Nix. TBH I don't see much point in it now that Nix(OS) and Guix exist, or, if you don't like their purity, stal/IX.

Well Nix and other immutable distros are about versioning with binary compatible layers that will be repeatable. Directory structure is already baked-in, so that's sort of my point.

This project, from the docs at least, seemed like a week intentioned thing that has been handled and passed over in a different way.

2
Not sure I follow you entirely, but I think we agree.
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1
so a bunch of versions of stuff to be compatible.. like what flatpak does?
No, not quite. Flatpak is containers - it just stuffs every dependency that an application needs in a directory with no way to deduplicate or update independently. Gobo is a bit more nuanced, since dependencies are shared between applications when the versions match.
3

flatpak does indeed deduplicate. The stuff is updated to whatever is required as a dependency to whatever programs are installed. And versions are shared between applications when versions match as well..

So I am guessing it is just like flatpak

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2

[Solved - VSYNC/screen tearing] Stuttering on Nobara with 3080 Ti

SOLVED - "Allow screen tearing" was ON and caused this issue.

I have some constant stuttering on my current setup. Every 4-5 seconds, almost like a hiccup, I drop about 100 ms worth of frames.

Video:
picoshare.jau.nz/-VnpPP8z6xR

Full specs:

5600X

3080 Ti on 570.124.04

Nobara with KDE

Wayland

This has been persistent through several GPU driver updates and I'm tired of trying to troubleshoot it. I don't know what the exact cause is. Any ideas?

Also, related note, how easy is it to migrate from one distro to another? I am thinking about trying something else - maybe base Fedora or Arch - to hopefully have better performance.

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3 1

FediForum Has Been Canceled

In light of recent controversy and its handling, the twice-a-year FediForum unconference for April 1st and 2nd has been canceled by its organizer.
73 5
In pshych 101 they teach that sex and gender are two different things.
5 1

That's great. Since when and does everybody take psych 101?

And just to give a wider perspective (regardless of her origins), not every language makes the distinction and some up until recently did not. Look at the translations on (wiktionary). Many of them are transliterations of the English word. Which is not a surprise since the concept of gender is quite recent (1950-1960s) and was most likely very US-centric.

4 1

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16 80
Works fine for me.
5

Because hardware manufacturers don't care about 4% market share. They just don't. They can't survive by pandering to that 4%, and it costs them time and money to make decent hardware drivers for linux.

Sad truth of it.

10 3
Some do it's up to you to pick the ones that have open drivers.
I don't disagree, but at the same time, circle back to my original statement. Even if every single *nix user were to only use open source drivers, that's still not enough. 4% of the market share isn't going to change anyone's mind about *nix support.
2

4% of US alone is 12 million people.

If even 25% of them decide hardware purchases based on driver support, 3 million sales isn't ignorable.

(The number of PCs sold globally per year is similarly 300,000,000, so even then theyd lose out on 12 million potential sales)

The market is also pretty shit post-covid, so I'm sure every hardware company is dying for a way to boost sales metrics.

2 2

With the linux server market share and recent ai boom, theyd have to be more than just blind deaf and dumb to not release linux drivers.

Maybe this was true back in like the early 2000's?

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11 1
Well they're not, so I guess they are. 🤷‍♂️
1 2
Source: 🤷‍♂️ trust me bro

It's not trust me bro at all. That's the situation we're currently in. So if these businesses would be "crazy" to leave all this money on the table and they currently are, what does that say to you?

I know critical thinking is hard, but try.

1 2
Wait, so what is this supposed situation we're currently in?
3 1

want to clone my debian install so i can test updating to trixie

i want to test debian trixie (13) so i can report bugs and troubleshoot before the release later this year. i thought about simply installing trixie alongside my current bookwork installation, but that won't be my scenario when the time comes, since i've been updating my system instead of reinstalling it since debian jessie (8) and this time it won't be different. how can i clone my current system so i can simulate an update to trixie? do i simply create a new partition and copy my files over, then chroot to it and install grub?
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30 2

rsync has a ton of options. any specific setup you'd recommend me?

EDIT: seems like rsync -av src/* dst is working for me

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
src/* will skip hidden files. You want rsync -avAXUNH src/ dst which copies contents of src into dst. Notice the trailing slash in src/. Without the slash, src is copied into dst so you end up with a src directory in dst. The AXUNH enables preserving more things. You might also add --delete if you’re updating the copy.
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32

Any Female Linux Youtubers?

Can you guys recommend any female Youtubers?

I currently only have Bread on Penguins and Nixie Pixel hasn't posted any videos for years.

What is a VTuber? Is that some form of peertube instance?
VTubers are people who use avatars instead of being on camera. Typically the avatar is lip synced to their voice.
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Remember x2vnc and win2vnc? What can I use now? [possibly solved]

Basically title. I want to control a bare metal debian machine on a separate monitor (that always has this debian machine) from my windows gaming machine.

Edit: it's called Synergy and the apt package is called deskflow. I'll try it later and see if I can make it work.

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7

There's also deskhop which is essentially a pure hardware solution similar to Synergy (helpful when you cannot install software on a machine). You can build your own or purchase parts/pre-built deskhops from elecrow.

github.com/hrvach/deskhop

1
Personally, I use x2go to graphically access my servers remotely. It redirects X protocol over ssh and it also short circuits many of the X round trips making it much more responsive than bare X-windows. It also supports sound, remote printing, and file transfers.


It's a bit sad how everybody talk about the new NTsync. Most games, like, 90% of them, are not bound by sync. You would get exactly no performance benefit in them. What's better about it is the correctness of the implementation, more programs will work under WINE as a result of switching to NTsync. It's a good thing, but media clearly seems to miss the point and only focus on a few cases where it would give an impressive performance benefit.
39
And even if the game did greatly benefit from it, most people are already using esync/fsync in lutris/proton/etc. and so they also won't really see a difference from what they're used to.
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18
He's even though with himself
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3 1

Recommend a distro for a 13-year-old gamer

Couldn't find a dedicated community for distro recommendations, I hope it's ok to ask here.

A couple of years ago my wife and I built a computer and gave it to a friend's kid. We put ElementaryOS on it since that seemed pretty fool-proof, but it appears to require a re-install to upgrade major versions so it has been stuck with an old glibc and because of that he can't play Factorio.

For his 13:th birthday we bought him a SSD so it would be a good time to reinstall Linux, but is there perhaps some better choice than ElementaryOS? They live quite far away so I can't easily pop over to fix his computer if something breaks, we don't spend enough time there for me to teach him to fix things himself, and he doesn't seem very interested in learning how computers/operatings systems work either.

  • Hardware: Some old Intel CPU with 8GB DDR3 and a GTX1080
  • Usage: Gaming through Steam+Proton, Lutris and browsing.
  • Requirements: Games work, OS never breaks on updates. Doesn't need to be "kid proof", I don't think he touches any stuff he doesn't know what it does.
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93 8
Majority of AAA games run invasive software like kernel-level anticheat, I'd personally recommend js buying him a PS5 or running them in VMs (Linux or windows).
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2 5

Kubuntu, the best of the two worlds: all Ubuntu repos + KDE

24.10 for better Wayland support.
Appimages for software, then winegui could be enough for gaming


Wi-fi not working on Pop os 24.04 cosmic desktop

Hii to all linux users, hope you can help me.

I updated my system a couple of days ago, pop os 24.04 LTS and wifi stoped working.
The problem is i dont have wire so wifi is only connection to the internet curently.
And i managed to lose it..
So i tryed to fix the problem by switching to older kernel but it didnt fix the problem unfortinetly.

I gave up and reinstalled whole system thinking it will fix it.
And since i do it i decided to try new cosmic alpha system.
So i downloaded that and i like it despite its not finished and it has bugs and missing features.
But that didnt fix my wifi problem! Its still not working.

I have two ssd-s, so on my main one 1TB i have linux and thats what im using, but on second one 500GB i have windows 10 for some games that doesnt work on linux.
So i was using that to download latest pop os and my wifi card works so its obviusly not dead or anything.

I plan to get wire but i have some drilling to do for that and i would like to fix wifi card before that if possinble.

Almost forgot, my wifi card is Asus pcie card, with two antenas, its red and wery beautifull.
Tryed to uploud picture of it but my acount is new so that wasnt possible.
I dont know exact model number but this one looks exactly like mine so meabu its that one.

duckduckgo.com/?q=asus+wifi+pc…

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1
I was enough of it and i called one friend to drill the hole and make cable connection finaly so its all good now. But i want to have wifi just in case because you newer know. So the list of well suported wifi cards will be of great help.
And i was curios what was the problem at first place anyway..
Thank you all for hel, you are the best. ❤
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Linux Mobile OS experience 2025?

Has anybody attempted to daily drive linux on their smartphone? like sailfish os, postmarket, librem, etc. I've been getting more interested in them as my pixel 4a is starting to look real old

How was it it? Were you able to run banking apps? battery life? experience with using CJK keyboards?

As far as I can tell, RCS messages are not supported anywhere, in addition to NFC payments (no surprise there). 5G seems also iffy

31 3
!linuxphones@lemmy.ca and !linuxphones@lemmy.ml aren't the busiest communities but there do seem to be a few people giving it a proper go
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8

Was in the market for a new phone and was thinking of getting the latest Pine phone, and upon research, I found that like others have stated, it is more of a piece of kit to tinker with and not a daily driver. The OS is still being baked and at the current rate it might take a few years before it is as responsive and as useful as Android is day in, and day out. There is just no contest. Which was a bit disappointing as I actually though the OS was far more developed.

I do hope that progress is made, but, if you need a phone that works well, then stick with Android for now. Hardware on latest Pine is better than on the first phone but still Mid, at best, and it is not cheap for the hardware you get.

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2

How do I discover the Pixelfed content that is out there when so many big instances block exploration?

I realized that I haven't spent time on Pixelfed in a while, and that it would be great to find more content to add to my feed! So I logged in to my instance (social.photo) and then... hit a wall.

With Lemmy and Mastadon, it is super easy to peek at what is going on at other instances and find communities to subscribe to, but it looks like Pixelfed does not make this easy. The biggest issue I have run into is that many of the largest servers do not seem to let you explore what is on them unless you first create an account, and the main Pixelfed Server Directory at https://pixelfed.org/servers does not indicate which servers can be explored or not, so you have to click a few times (since the link takes you to the registration page) to even find this out for a given server. It also does not help that navigating to an instance does not show you the content for that instance, like it does for Lemmy or Mastadon, but for a login page that may or may not have an "Explore" tab at the top.

Am I missing something here? I just logged into Tumblr for the first time in years and my immediate next thought was, "Gee, I should be using Pixelfed instead!" But if in practice it is simply not possible to find content I am interested in without a great deal of hassle then it is not a realistic replacement. In particular, it seems like the way Pixelfed is set up requires me to register on particular instances to get a better view of what content is available (not just locally, but pulled in from other instances). This seems contrary to me to one of the biggest advantages of the Fediverse, which is that you are able and encouraged to pick an instance that best suits you rather than the one where all of the content lives; in particular I could not imagine self-hosting a Pixelfed instance without being left out of most of the content available.

And just to be clear, I am willing to put up with some degree of hassle resulting from the inherently decentralized model of the Fediverse, since I switched completely over to Lemmy from Reddit about a year and a half ago after the API fiasco (and the only reason why I do not use Mastadon more is because I was never that into Twitter-style content to begin with). But having to go out of my way to get through artificially constructed walls to even find content to subscribe is a bit much.

However, again, maybe I am missing here. If someone is willing to point me to a resource that solves this problem problem and makes this entire rant sound completely ignorant then that would be great! 😀


Edit: Fixed silly typo.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
105 3
So lost in anti-big tech social media that they forgot that algorithms are actually good and helpful!
2 1

Kind of surprised this is the take. Algorithms in general, just sorting by highest to lowest or whatever common problem that needs to be solved, aren't bad. "Algorithm" has become a dirty word mostly because of the stuff pushing short-form content over long-form content, outrage that generates engagement over something you would enjoy that doesn't enrage you enough to make you type fifty paragraphs and keep coming back to fight in the comments, etc. So I agree with the literal statement that algorithms aren't always bad.

But as for what you meant, I'm super surprised at all the people who want an algorithm to feed them content and aren't satisfied. I looked for the stuff I was interested in, subscribed, and am happy. When I run out of content I either log off and do something else or go seek out stuff I'm kind of interested in. In my most charitable possible assumption, people who want algorithms are probably a lot less suspectible to getting pulled in by outrage and scrolling all day, and just want to be able to discover cool stuff fast, and the algorithms somehow worked to show them the cool stuff. In my experience I had to strictly stick to my Home feed with just stuff I subscribed to on Reddit to not see outrage porn, could never poke my head into Popular or anything without seeing some outrage sub like r/noahgettheboat or /iamatotalpieceofshit. And then they started forcibly sorting my Home feed by Controversial… yep. Stopped regularly browsing there really fast.

I am just really wary of asking for algorithms back because I really don't want the Fediverse to become another place catered towards outrage porn for max engagement. I really want users to have options if this is implemented, so as not to force this algorithm on users like myself who like the "chronological order of stuff you purposely followed only" algorithm. And for that option to not be taken away from me in an effort to "drive growth!" and all that.

I don't want to refuse others a good thing just because it's not for me, but I also have been burned by social media algorithms that were once nice chronological, and later became catered towards outrage and showing you content you never signed up to see without having an option to switch back to chronological and opt out of having RandomInfluencerYouDontFollow in your feed. Looking at you, Instagram. I signed up with my elementary school classmates, liked chronological feed, liked having Explore just be friends of friends… I still only follow people I know in real life but now Explore is a bunch of controversial memes, people selling stuff, and influencers who want me to form a parasocial relationship with them. This is also what my feed turns to once I scroll past maybe 7 posts my friends made. Have not fully deleted but also haven't touched the app in months now.

I guess the real solution is giving people options and not taking them away because you decided to go public and need maximum eye-on-advertisement time. Hopefully Lemmy stays open source and different instances stay popular, so in case someone does try to take it public we can all flee to different servers and keep talking.

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Introducing Roost: Robust Open Online Safety Tools

Although this is a talk an ATProto-related conference, this has direct applicability to Mastodon and Lemmy instances.
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
40 1

Autocomplete custom scripts?

As my time with linux, I created a lot of scripts. Some of them have input parameters and sometimes I just forget this parameters.

So I wonder if there is some way to create autocomplete parameters, like i autocomplete a path by pressing the tab key?

For example a script. ./test.sh can be completed with parameter-one, eg. ./test.sh parameter-one or ./test.sh parameter-two. If i type now ./test.sh followed by tab it should add parameter-one if i press tab again it should change to parameter-two.

How can I do that? I'm on bash…

Did you put in a request for this? And sure, I'm always interested in seeing how others use it—especially to complex levels.

It took me a while to get around to this so I could sanitize some of the highly-personal stuff there (mostly just a bunch of URLs because I don't use browser bookmarks lol), but here's a condensed version of what I like to use Espanso for.

The second half is ...interesting. I wanted a way to autofill passwords from my password manager in any application, not just a browser. It's a very homebrewed solution, and it only works on Windows and Linux because macOS blocks tools like Espanso from viewing or modifying login input fields.

Did you put in a request for this?


For a Wayland Flatpak or RPM? I haven't looked in a long time, but I believe there's an open issue for a Wayland RPM.

Edit:
Found them: Flatpak issue and RPM issue.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)

Which areas of Linux would benefit most from further standardization?

The diversity of Linux distributions is one of its strengths, but it can also be challenging for app and game development. Where do we need more standards? For example, package management, graphics APIs, or other aspects of the ecosystem? Would such increased standards encourage broader adoption of the Linux ecosystem by developers?
140 7

There is a separate kernel which is being written entirely in rust from scratch that might interest you. I'm not sure if this is the main one github.com/asterinas/asterinas but it is the first one that came up when I searched.

By the tone of your post you might just want to watch the world burn in which case I'd raise an issue in that repo saying "Rewrite in C++ for compatibility with wider variety of CPU archs" ;)

1

I'm of the opinion that a full rewrite in rust will eventually happen, but they need to be cautious and not risk alienating developers ala windows mobile so right now it's still done in pieces. I'm also aware that many of the devs who sharpened their teeth on the kernel C code like it as it is, resist all change, and this causes lots of arguments.

Looking at that link, I'm not liking the MPL.

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3

Is Ctrl+D really like Enter?

Response to a recent claim that Ctrl+D in the terminal is like pressing Enter. It kind of is but it’s also misleading to say so without further explanation.


Linux Terminal: CTRL+D is like pressing ENTER


Honestly I had no idea what ctrl+d even did, I just knew it was a convenient way for me to close all the REPL programs I use. The fact that it is similar to pressing enter really surprised me, so I wanted to share this knowledge with you :)


https://hackarcana.com/article/ctrl-d-is-like-enter

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
32 3
Control-D gives a hex value of 0x04, where as ENTER or CR gives a hex value of 0x0d,
they are not the same. Control D returns the carriage on old tty machines, on many modern linux platforms it is treated as CRLF, that is carriage return and a linefeed. Control-D indicates end of file or end of transmission.

Understanding AppArmor User Namespace Restriction

I despise the way Canonical pretends discourse forum posts by their team members* are documentation.

I've noticed they have been a bit better lately, and have migrated much of the posts to their documentation, but it seems they are doing it again.

As this is developed, we will update this post to link to the new documentation and feature release notes.


Pro tip: You could have just made the documentation directly, with the content of this post. Or maybe a blog post. But please stop with the forum posts. They are very confusing for people not used to these... unique locations.

*Not that people are easily able to find this out when they don't give any indication that the forum post is something other than just another post by a rando. Actually, I'm just guessing here, based on the quoted reply, for all I know this could be a post by someone unrelated to Canonical. The account is 3 months, and the post itself is identical to a regular forum post from a regular forum member...

They should at least make a docs tag or similar and tag all these documentation like posts with it.
This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)

Benchmarking a distribution (and some \-O3 results) | Why Ubuntu reverted move to -O3 compiler flag

3

There are 4 core romes, no idea why anyone would buy one (think they keep most of the ddr and pcie links) but still.

dustinhome.se/product/50200334…

4 core Milan.

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
That was my deleted comment, but then I realized the article specifies they are Rome CPUs (Zen 2), while the 4000 series of EPYCs is based on Zen 4
This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
1

Tuxedo OS (Ubuntu-based) with KDE/Wayland - waking from Sleep freezes the computer. Help?

Hi all!

I recently installed Tuxedo OS with KDE and Wayland. I'm fairly new to Linux and, so far, the distro is great. With one caveat.

As far as power options go, everything works fine EXCEPT for Sleep. I can put the PC to sleep, but when I wake it up, I land on the login screen wallpaper with the login/password fields barely visible, as if frozen around the second frame of a fade-in animation.

Nothing works. The mouse cursor doesn't move, the keyboard doesn't do anything. The only way out of this state is to hold the power button until the PC shuts down and then turn it back on again.

I did some digging, but couldn't find a solution. Some threads mentioned modifying something in systemd, but those were from years ago, so I didn't want to risk that.

One fairly recent thread had a proposed solution of adding "mem_sleep_default=deep" to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT in /etc/default/grub.

That didn't work for me, though.

I'd love to fix this, but I'm out of ideas. Any help welcome!

EDIT

Forgot it might be a driver issue, people were complaining about Nvidia gear!

I currently don't have a dedicated GPU. I only have Ryzen 7 7800X3D running on MSI B650 Gaming Plus WIFI ATX AM5 MoBo.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
75 4
Specs for computer havibg the issue ans how long ago did this happen? Seems like a bug that neexs to be reported and more data for devs the better.

Tried it November of 2024, ended up switching to Mint with Cinnamon, zero issues since.

Dell XPS 8930

i7 9700 (no K)

32GB ram

NVidia RTX 2060

240gb ssd

2tb hdd

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)

Pidgin 3.0 Experimental 1 released

This entry was edited (3 months ago)
Also dino, blabber, gajim, psi+, or conversations, but will go back to pidgin when it adds xmpp to v3.
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)

I wrote an ebook on GNU awk with hundreds of examples and exercises

Hello!

I am pleased to announce a new version of my CLI text processing with GNU awk ebook. This book will dive deep into field processing, show examples for filtering features, multiple file processing, how to construct solutions that depend on multiple records, how to compare records and fields between two or more files, how to identify duplicates while maintaining input order and so on. Regular expressions will also be discussed in detail.

Book links


To celebrate the new release, you can download the PDF/EPUB versions for free till 06-April-2025.

Or, you can read it online at learnbyexample.github.io/learn…

Interactive TUI apps



Feedback


I would highly appreciate it if you'd let me know how you felt about this book. It could be anything from a simple thank you, pointing out a typo, mistakes in code snippets, which aspects of the book worked for you (or didn't!) and so on.

Happy learning :)

48 1

Could someone perhaps explain the major use cases or give a real life example of a time you've needed to use awk? I've been using Linux casually for quite a long time now, and although I learned the basics of the tool, I can't recall having ever felt I had a need for it. If I want to glue a bunch of cli stuff together and need to do some text processing, it generally seems like it'd be easier to just use a simple python script.

Is it more for situations that need to be compatible with most *nix systems and you might not necessarily have access to a higher level scripting language?

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)

Well, if you are comfortable with Python scripts, there's not much reason to switch to awk. Unless perhaps you are equating awk to Python as scripting languages instead of CLI usage (like grep, sed, cut, etc) as my ebook focuses on. For example, if you have space separated columns of data, awk '{print $2}' will give you just the second column (no need to write a script when a simple one-liner will do). This of course also allows you to integrate with shell features (like globs).

As a practical example, I use awk to filter and process particular entries from financial data (which is in csv format). Just a case of easily arriving at a solution in a single line of code (which I then save it for future use).

1 1
Also AWK is made to be fast, right? I suppose doing something in CPython in a non efficient way might not be noticeable with a bit of text, but would show up with a large enough data stream.
This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)

I manage some servers and awk can be useful to filter data. If you use commands like grep, and use the pipe operator (the " | " command), awk can be very handy.

Sure, a Python script can do that as well, but doing a one-liner in Bash is waaay faster to program.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
Btw, there's asciidoctor-epub3.
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
1

New refugee from Windows / Need advices about image system backup, excel, vscode

Hey there I am another refugee from windows with the forced push to windows 11. I thought it was time I tried once again linux. So far I am pretty satisfied.
I installed Fedora with KDE and successfully migrated my syncthing server, sftp server. Correctly mounted my nft disks and successfully installed mullvad with all split tunneling I needed.

Now I need advices about 3 things which I sorely miss and which keep forcing me to boot on windows :
- is there any equivalent to macrium reflect, allowing to schedule weekly image backup for system disk. So it could be restored in case something really goes wrong.
My system disk is brtfs. Time machine looks nice but it's not working because I have no @home and @root volume identified. I found explanations which explain how to do it but I am not too sure it's a good idea to do so.
I also found rsync. Didn't explore enough this solution but I am not sure an image backup can be done if system is running ?
- for vscode it's easy and I got it running for my linux environment. Yet I have programs which are meant specifically to run on windows and so I can't develop and test them on linux
- at last for my work I need to be able to use excel. Libre office is not a solution, it's ok for basic usage but it's far behind if you're using it professionally. Please don't turn this about an arguments to say calc is good, really there is something that are just impossible with it. (Like using arrays, power query or data models)

For the last 2 points I feel like my only solution would be to use a virtual machine running windows. Is there a way to run them on it but make it looks like it's a linux app? Somewhat is it what docker is doing but for linux apps ?

Well I feel like I have not many options if I want excel and vscode on windows environment. So sadly I think that will settled it. Please share your thoughts.
I would also really appreciate people sharing what they do to backup their system disk.

Thanks for your advice !

41 2
If you want to test windows programs on linux, you're probably going to want to do that in a virtual machine, or even a spare computer just for testing on windows. Depending on how much you need to use excel, a virtual machine could be a good option for that as well, but if using Microsoft Excel™ is a big part of your job, maybe it makes more sense to just stay on Windows for work at least
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
3

I haven't found anything that is quite like Macrium. Mostly, because something that works the same way is a bad idea on linux. Because as you suspect, an image backup cannot be done while the partition being imaged is live.

Macrium creates restorable images of your entire boot partition or disk, as-is, which can then be restored onto the same, or an entirely different, disk.

This isn't really something you can do in linux, with a system that is live. Hence, partition images should be done offline, when the given partition isn't booted.

That said, everything that matters can be backed up simply by copying the relevant files. For this, I use Kopia.

As for making sure you always have a bootable system, for this I use Timeshift on btrfs.

For MS office, you might try winapps. Sounds like what you're hoping for.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
3
Because as you suspect, an image backup cannot be done while the partition being imaged is live.


can't it, though?

macrium reflect's normal operation is to run when the ststem is running normally. it creates a volume shadowcopy of your filesystem, and backs that up. a BTRFS/ZFS snapshot is basically what a volume shadowcopy is on windows, but with a less fancy name. if you make a snapshot, you can back that up, either with zfs send, btrfs send, rsync, borg backup, whatever. the difference is that on linux it's not possible to notify programs that a snapshot will happen please sanitize your databases, while windows does that too, so if you restore on linux that's like if your computer crashed because power went off

sure, it can't be done with other filesystems, but OP said they have BTRFS. I think the boot partition can be safely imaged too: remount as read only and make a normal image.

2

Sure.

But there's no program that just creates a handy partition image. You'll have to get into the weeds of how your filesystem actually works.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)

Regarding Timeshift on btrfs, is the idea that Timeshift makes it easier to backup to a different disk versus using Snapper?

I'm also on btrfs and miss the wonders of Macrium Reflect. For now, in addition to Snapper, I've been using Clonezilla to make a disk image on occassion. I'm in the process of figuring out something like Vorta to replace that process.

I don't think there's any effective difference between timeshift and snapper. They're both essentially just GUIs for features supported by the underlying btrfs filesystem.

Timeshift backup to another disk, is just rsync.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)

look for symlinks pointing at the contents of directory?

I want to move a directory with a bunch of subdirectories and files. But I have the feeling there might be some symlinks to a few of them elsewhere on the file system. (As in the directory contains the targets of symlinks.)

How do I search all files for symlinks pointing to them?

Some combination of find, stat, ls, realpath, readlink and maybe xargs? I can't quite figure it out.

15 1

I think it's easier the other way round, find all symlinks and grep the directory you want to move from results.

Something like 'find /home/user -type -l -exec ls -l {} \; | grep yourdirectory' and work from there. I don't think there's an easy way to list which symlinks point to any actual file.

1

~~You want readlink -f rather than ls -l.~~ ++OK, actually not exactly. readlink won’t print path to the symlink so it’s not as straightforward.++

Also, you want + in find ... -exec ... + rather than ;.

At this point I feel committed to making readlink work. ;) Here’s the
script you want:

\#!/bin/sh

want=$1
shift
readlink -f -- "$@" | while read got; do
    if [ "$got" = "$want" ]; then
        echo "$1"
    fi
    shift
done

and execute it as:
find ~ -type l -exec /bin/sh /path/to/the/script /path/to/target/dir {} +
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)

find / -lname '/path/you/are/looking/for/*'

Note that the -lname option is a GNU find extension and may not work with other find implementations.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
10

Google Input Tools on Linux

So I want to type in my native language, and the easiest tool i know of is this:

google.com/inputtools/try/

It's not available offline for Linux though.
I have tried running some windows executable from archive.org under wine, this didn't work. I also tried some random alternative (Varnam), but it was way too complex of a setup for me. (It kept telling me to compile libraries, and none of it worked in the end)

I want something that can take in english character input and turn it into proper devnagari typeface. If I type in "namaste", it has to come out as नमस्ते. And It has to be Offline.

I haven't found anything that fits to all these categories

Turns out Google Input is my best bet. Is there a way I can get it working?

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
17 2
Are you asking for Sanskrit? Why not fcitx5.
1
Not as good as Google's thing, it's a pain to use. "namaste" (नमस्ते) comes out as "naa-maa-saw-tae"(नामासते), and that's the least inaccurate example
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)

337 30
Why are the feet significantly different sizes
its how big each gnome update is
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)

Laptop for Linux

Hey all.

I've booted Linux Mint Debian Edition and Arch on to a couple old machines including my old laptops. The performance is still rather brutal because these machines are so old and their battery lives are rough. They are also bulky and uncomfortable to carry around.

So, I've been thinking about getting a more modern laptop and putting Linux on it but I've been out of the laptop market for so long now I have no idea what's good and what's not anymore. Any recommendations?

I think I've heard decent things about Chromebooks but how's the hardware of those? Are they relatively locked down and don't play nice with Linux? I'm just looking for a machine for daily use (browser, light coding, remote connecting to my desktop for heavier stuff)

Thanks in advance

EDIT: Thank you to everyone for responding, I did not expect so much discussion! I've certainly changed my mind on Chromebooks and will look into the options recommended below in the coming months. Thanks!

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
49 1
Tuxedo
2

Gonna have to anti-recommend tuxedo unfortunately. Never had a "Linux" laptop before and never had any issues, but two of the newest Infinitybooks have a number of issues with fan control, clock sometimes stuck at 800MHz, weird-ass Ethernet NIC with no upstreamed drivers and so on. It's like a trip to 15 years ago in terms of weird little issues popping up every now and the .

The tuxedo kernel modules are a mess and not currently upstreamable, their interfaces are inconsistent across lineups/generations which they solve by building a unified Electron monstrosity "control center" on top.

The idea is nice but any mainstream manufacturer works pretty well these days, and the Schenker laptops with tuxedo software not up to par :/

Were you using it with their custom OS, or did you try to install something else like Linux Mint?
I'm on NixOS right now, but another person on Arch is reporting similar things. Don't get the point of their custom distro instead of just making their stuff portable and easier to set up honestly.

I 100% agree. Whenever these companies start with their own projects I immediately get suspicious that their goal is to enshittify down the line with vendor lock-in.

The only reasons why I'm seriously considering a Tuxedo are 1. European brand and 2. Double SSD.

Not a lot of laptops seem to be offering double SSD while being Linux compatible, so my hands are kinda tied.

My primary needs were a big HiDPI screen, lots of memory, good CPU and it meets all of those. The only other devices meeting those are the high end ThinkPads that are no doubt nicer, but also double the price sooo it's all good.

But someone who buys primarily for great Linux support might be disappointed.

I also have to say I haven't spent much time investigating the issues I faced for time reasons, maybe some of them can be fixed easily.

I've been enjoying my Thinkpad E16 1st gen AMD on Debian 12. You do have to run a newer kernel to get it working. I ran into a bit of Wi-Fi trouble because I accidentally got a Realtek model, but I've long since fixed the issue entirely - I've posted the solution elsewhere here.

On another note, maybe we should just have a yearly hardware recommendations post pinned on this forum - it feels like we get a question like this every week or so and they sort of clutter the forum, no offense intended to OP.

Edit: Here's my Linux Hardware probe from when I first got the laptop linux-hardware.org/?probe=1e50…

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)

How To Become A Hacker: A Step-By-Step Guide

34 3
Have you seen Blackhat from Micheal Maan. (I’m no hacker/programmer/or whatever techie)
Yeah I did. Honestly, it's not worth your time.
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)

Looking for YouTube Tutorials on Arch

I'm moderately experienced with linux. Been using it as my daily driver since 2018. Mostly using Fedora but also have a Debian server. I'm pretty comfortable with systemd but don't love the bloat.

Anyway, I've decided that I'd like to try Arch. So I'm looking for tutorials to help me learn or get familiar with Arch instead of just diving in head first like a madlad.

So what Arch tutorials do you like and are there any that you'd recommend that I watch?

Edit: lmao you guys are brutal. yeah i know about the arch wiki, rtfm and all that. I know i'll be spending a lot of time with the wiki. I just wanted to get a rough intro first. Well, I guess I'm off to read the fkin wiki now.

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
11 12

As others said, the Arch wiki is so well made that it should be the only source you need. Videos will not bring you anything given your background. The main difference with other distros will be the package manager.

A video about the install process will just be someone reading the wiki to you, and a video to "explain" pacman to you will be overkill ;)

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
11

If you have to pick only one Desktop Environment and use it till your computer breaks, what would you choose?

I know Gnome is the default on popular distros: Fedora, Ubuntu, Rhel, Pop OS (it's Cosmic Desktop yes but it is still based on Gnome)...etc. But Gnome just doesnt work for me. I would pick XFCE - stable and no BS.

Before Manjaro and their cetificate shenanigan, I used to use their XFCE version. At the time, it was marketed as the "Flagship Manjaro version". I went 4 years without any problems and I did tinker a lot, just couldnt get their XFCE to break.

After a tough Arch or Gentoo installs, I just want to put XFCE on and call it a day.

What about you guys?

112 11

Lol, yep. It's always funny to see xfce as being light weight.

Is this where I continue the meme and say I use arch by the way?

On the other hand KDE discover... Yikes. The software manager uses as much memory as XFCE.

This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)
2 1

For what it's worth, even if you're sticking to a lts release like 24.04, a 6.14 kernel is a very worthwhile thing to do. I found substantial reduction in load average and CPU time wasted in wait state on my busier servers.
Did you compile the kernel by yourself, or used Mainline to install?

A good e-mail client for linux?

I have been using KDE for a while, while I like many features I am looking for suggestions to the default email client:

Kmail - completely unusable for me and the only one which could maybe be integrated with kontacts, it could not receive mails from IMAP or pop or would receive only sometimes

Geary - good but too minimal, I need at least some kind of contact list and mailing lists feature, maybe this integrates with gnome contacts? I couldn't find anything in settings

60 4

I have no idea if Betterbird is actually better than regular Thunderbird, but I use that cause people said so and I read about it a bit. If it does die I guess I'll switch to Thunderbird, just a little cautious about Mozilla after the privacy policy fiasco.

Betterbird is in flathub too which is great for newbies like me.

2
I'd be wary of that fork. It's run by a former Thunderbird dev that got banned for his toxic attitude and hasn't really improved since. Just take a look at the projects website. Being so unrespectful towards your upstream project should have no place in open-source.
This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
2

Zorin OS 17.3 - A Great Linux For General Computing

26 4
Does it work on the Mac's M1 processor?

Sadly no, according to their wiki:

Mac computers with Apple silicon processors are not currently capable of running Zorin OS natively. However, you may be able to use an app called UTM to run Zorin OS in a virtual machine on Mac computers with Apple silicon processors.
2

Running x86_64 emulation on an ARM CPU is a miserable experience and should be avoided. I've done this on an M-series Mac with UTM, and you're looking at ~10-minute boot times just to get the VM booted, and ~3 minutes for it to render a response to whatever you click.

It's honestly wild that they seriously suggest doing this on their Wiki.

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
4
Never cared for Zorin's inability to update from one release to another in place. Got way too many apps and custom configuration to re-install every time a new release comes out.

Radarr, Sonarr, SABnzbd and Permissions

I'm trying, and struggling a little bit with getting the three items in the title setup the way that I want.

Running Arch.

I would like to run Radarr, Sonarr and SABnzbd all under the same user/group. My reasoning is that I (am just being overly particular) want any of the files created by those services to fall under the same owner/group. This is easy enough to accomplish by running systemctl edit service.service and adding the appropriate lines in the configuration for each one and saving it so the services run using the specified user/group.

The issue that I'm having is that the correlating folders in /var/lib/ have the ownership of the original users. I can manually change that ownership to the user/group I want but if I reboot the computer the SABnzbd folder ownership reverts back to default (the other two were doing the same thing but suddenly stopped and I'm not 100% sure why) or if the services get updated, the folders will also revert back to their default user/group.

Is there a way for me to enforce the ownership of those folders to the user/group that I have set to run the services regardless of them getting updated or the machine rebooting?

25

Interesting, was there anything in particular that you did with the services other than editing the service to run as those particular users?

Side note, I just tried to chown the sabnzbd folder and everything inside updated but the main folder itself refuses to change. Even after stopping the service.

Edit: scratch that. I closed and re-opened Dolphin and checked the properties of the folder and now it's showing correctly.

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)

I just vi the systemd/system/fancyname.service files father than use systemd edit, but I think the result is the same.

There are two configs you can add to the [service] directive:

user=someuser

This should allow you to run the service under the credentials of your choosing.

Remember to systemctl daemon-reload after making changes to unit files.

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)

Which Distribution and Desktop Environment should I use?

Background: I am a lifelong Windows user who is planning to move to Linux in October, once Microsoft drops support for Windows 10. I use a particularly bad laptop (Intel Celeron N3060, 4 GB DDR3 RAM, 64 GB eMMC storage).

I do have some degree of terminal experience in Windows, but I would not count on it. If there are defaults that are sensible enough, I'd appreciate it. I can also configure through mouse-based text editors, as long as there is reliable, concise documentation on that app.

So, here's what I want in a distro and desktop environment:
- Easy to install, maintain (graphical installation and, preferably, package management too + auto-updating for non-critical applications)
- Lightwight and snappy (around 800 MB idle RAM usage, 10-16 GB storage usage in a base install)
- Secure (using Wayland, granular GUI-based permission control)

I have narrowed down the distributions and desktop environments that seem promising, but want y'all's opinions on them.

Distributions:
- Linux Mint Xfce: Easy to install, not prone to randomly break (problems: high OOTB storage usage, RAM consumption seems a little too high, kind of outdated packages, not on Wayland yet)
- Fedora: Secure, the main DEs use Wayland (problems: similar to above except for the outdated packages; also hard to install and maintain, from what I have heard)
- antiX Linux (problems: outdated packages, no Wayland)

Desktop Environments:
- Xfce: Lightweight, fast, seems like it'd work how I want (problems: not on Wayland yet, that's it)
- labwc + other Wayland stuff: Lightweight, fast, secure (problems: likely harder to install, especially since I have no Linux terminal experience, cannot configure through a GUI)

In advance, I thank you all for helping me!

I appreciate any help, especially in things like:
- Neofetch screenshots, to showcase idle RAM usage on some DEs
- Experiences with some distributions

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
45 7
Try Fedora LXQT too, it ll default to wayland in the next fedora release (~4th april i think). Its very lightweight.
This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
I've had Fedora updates screw up so many times and spent way too many hours fixing mutually conflicting updates that I have really come to loath the OS. I keep a Fedora server running for my customers who are Redrat enthusiasts but Ubuntu is so much better behaved.

[Solved] How can I free space in BTRFS?

Edit 2: Through all of my shenanigans I ended up on a read-only snapshot for root. The error I got just seemed similar to previous out-of-space errors. I went to a later snapshot as default and everything is working great!

My OpenSUSE Tumbleweed is wonky since I last did a dist-upgrade with about 4000 packages. Midway through it errord out with an error that indicated that the filesystem was full althou df showed plenty of free space.

BTRFS seemed to be the culprit. Removing snapshots let me continue the upgrade until it errored out again. Rinse and repeat until it was done.

Edit: My root subvolume is read only. So there must be some error in that. The other subvolumes work correctly. So I guess it isn't about free space after all.

But now the BTRFS seems to be almost full and I cannot update anymore.

...
Checking for file conflicts: .....................[done]error: can't create transaction lock on /usr/lib/sysimage/rpm/.rpm.lock (Read-only file system)                 ( 1/40) Removing: ovpn-dco-kmp-default-0.2.202412[error]Removal of (76899)ovpn-dco-kmp-default-0.2.20241216~git0.a08b2fd_k6.13.7_1-2.2.x86_64(@System) failed:          Error: Subprocess failed. Error: RPM failed: Command exited with status 1.                                      Abort, retry, ignore? [a/r/i] (a):                      Problem occurred during or after installation or removal of packages:                                           Installation has been aborted as directed.              Please see the above error message for a hint.

I've tried a full balance but that didn't even seem to help. So I suspect that the space is caught up in snapshots, but I can't delete them.
# snapper list

# │ Type   │ Pre # │ Date                             │ User │ Used Space │ Cleanup │ Description           │ Userdata                                               ─────┼────────┼───────┼──────────────────────────────────┼──────┼────────────┼─────────┼───────────────────────┼─────────────                                             0  │ single │       │                                  │ root │            │         │ current               │  1  │ single │       │ Thu 18 Apr 2024 05:58:31 PM CEST │ root │  12.51 GiB │ number  │ first root filesystem │365* │ pre    │       │ Wed 26 Mar 2025 04:28:33 PM CET  │ root │  16.00 KiB │ number  │ zypp(zypper)          │ important=no                                           366  │ pre    │       │ Wed 26 Mar 2025 07:28:09 PM CET  │ root │  16.00 KiB │ number  │ zypp(zypper)          │ important=no                                           367  │ pre    │       │ Wed 26 Mar 2025 07:36:53 PM CET  │ root │  16.00 KiB │ number  │ zypp(zypper)          │ important=no
# snapper rm 1

Deleting snapshot failed.
# snapper rm 365

Cannot delete snapshot 365 since it is the currently mounted snapshot.
# btrfs filesystem usage /

Overall:                                                    Device size:                 476.44GiB                  Device allocated:            389.06GiB                  Device unallocated:           87.37GiB                  Device missing:                  0.00B                  Device slack:                  3.50KiB                  Used:                        382.53GiB                  Free (estimated):             90.80GiB      (min: 47.12GiB)                                                     Free (statfs, df):            90.80GiB                  Data ratio:                       1.00                  Metadata ratio:                   2.00                  Global reserve:              512.00MiB      (used: 0.00B)                                                       Multiple profiles:                  no                                                                      Data,single: Size:381.00GiB, Used:377.57GiB (99.10%)       /dev/mapper/cr_root   381.00GiB                                                                              Metadata,DUP: Size:4.00GiB, Used:2.48GiB (61.97%)          /dev/mapper/cr_root     8.00GiB                                                                              System,DUP: Size:32.00MiB, Used:80.00KiB (0.24%)           /dev/mapper/cr_root    64.00MiB                                                                              Unallocated:                                               /dev/mapper/cr_root    87.37GiB
# btrfs qgroup show /

Qgroupid    Referenced    Exclusive   Path              --------    ----------    ---------   ----              0/5           16.00KiB     16.00KiB   <toplevel>        0/256         16.00KiB     16.00KiB   @                 0/257         14.25GiB     14.25GiB   @/var             0/258         16.00KiB     16.00KiB   @/usr/local       0/259         16.00KiB     16.00KiB   @/srv             0/260         54.32MiB     54.32MiB   @/root            0/261         24.09GiB     24.09GiB   @/opt             0/262        289.02GiB    288.95GiB   @/home            0/263         16.00KiB     16.00KiB   @/boot/grub2/x86_64-efi                                                   0/264         16.00KiB     16.00KiB   @/boot/grub2/i386-pc                                                      0/265         16.00KiB     16.00KiB   @/.snapshots      0/266         24.00GiB     12.51GiB   @/.snapshots/1/snapshot                                                   0/473         16.00GiB     16.00GiB   @/.snapshots/1/snapshot/swap                                              0/657         23.68GiB     16.00KiB   @/.snapshots/365/snapshot                                                 0/661         23.68GiB     16.00KiB   @/.snapshots/366/snapshot                                                 0/662         23.68GiB     16.00KiB   @/.snapshots/367/snapshot                                                 1/0           36.19GiB     36.12GiB   <0 member qgroups>

Any tips?
This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
13 2
Are you sure the right partitions have enough space? On my tumbleweed the installer made several subvolumes i think
1
If I understand subvolumes correctly they share their space when they reside on the same device. I only have two partitions. One for /boot/efi and one for the rest.
This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)

I made a Roblox xdg-open wrapper GUI

(Source Code)

This is still a work-in-progress and was mostly made for fun. All it does is read from a list of files in ~/.config/rblx_launcher/ and display them to be clicked, launching xdg-open with the placeId.

The files (friends.txt and games.txt) are formatted like so:

Name
ID
%
This entry was edited (1 month ago)
It's like a Android runtime that runs roblox and people say it's wayy better then the official client.
This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
1

How do I enable proper word formatting in neovim?

As seen in the image, neovim just yanks the exact next letter into the line below. How do I make it so words get properly formatted?
38 5

same applies to you and now me too: "You could’ve just downvoted and moved on with your day."

why didn't we do that?

3 8

Tolerance is a social contract. OP broke that contract by writing a ridiculously calous, mean spirited comment, and is no longer entitled to tolerance.

Tolerance the way you're describing is how Nazi's gain a platform. We don't have to be tolerant of intolerant people. Just think about all the ways that could break society.

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
1

Notes on coreutils in Rust

With Ubuntu changing to the Rust implementation of coreutils, what does that mean for performance?
2 1

The performance you're dealing with here is in the tens of milliseconds possibly hundreds if you're lucky. Anyone seriously pursuing this issue from the angle of performance genuinely doesn't understand the deep rooted issues here.

If you're so incredibly hard up for compute time that it's critical for you to squeeze out the extra 1/10 of a second from your system utilities then you need to shut your fucking computer down and go touch grass.

I mean even if this saves you 30 seconds a day 50 weeks a year 5 days a week that's 2 hours per year it's saving you.... I'd rather slow fuck the two hours and get an extra 2 hours of pay.

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
1

Warning: Gnome file manager (Nautilus) can make remote requests when previewing files

I just found this out recently. So this isn't actually Nautilus itself but it's the file previewer (Gnome Sushi) that comes with it. If you select a file and press the spacebar, it will automatically preview the file if it supported. If the file is an audio file, it will automatically fetch album art from the web, and if the file is an HTML file, it can make third-party requests. IMHO this is a huge privacy issue. For example if you were browsing the web using Tor Browser and saved a page to view offline, and then later accidentally opened it using the file previewer, any third-party requests will leak out the clearnet.

This is an open issue and I don't expect it to be fixed anytime soon, so the easiest solution is to simply uninstall Gnome Sushi (on Fedora, it is the sushi package). On atomic distros if Gnome Sushi is installed as a flatpak you might be able to revoke internet permissions for it using Flatseal, though I have not tested this.

Edit: I'm aware that KDE also has file previewers, but I'm not sure if they have the same issue. If anybody else knows please leave a comment letting us know

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
220 11
Thunar is a much better alternative, in my opinion.
Pcmanfm? Nemo? However, if one does not need a GUI I would suggest ranger, nnn or alike.
This entry was edited (2 weeks ago)

Libadwaita theme for GIMP 3 - dp0sk/adw-gimp3

Just a recomendation, as the theme is quite beautiful.

Edit: Just the GIMP on the title.

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
50 5
woah that’s great. been working on something similar for inkscape, although without adw-gtk3 integration. i’m surprised how effective GTK can be styled.
This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
after trying this gimp theme, it’s a bit rough around the edges atm. also gets rid of many borders, making it harder to see where panels are divided. i prefer normal adw-gtk3 to this as it stands now.
This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)

Is there a way to connect multiple desktops and treat them as one system?

I have some desktops (the tower kind) lying around and I'm wondering if there's a way that I can connect them all to one display and combine their computational power or at least make them all accessible in one place. I want to get into server hosting but only have one monitor. They're currently running LMDE.

Any ideas?

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You don't need to connect them to a display. Give them power and network, and access them remotely via ssh (or graphical protocol if you really want to, but unless you specifically want to run interactive GUIs there's not much point).

As for combining their power... it depends on what kind of work you want to do.

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
Yep, I still use X2go to get a remote graphical display from my machines at the data center while I work on them from home. It also provides sound and remote printing and leverages scp to transfer files.

Those who use DWM, how do you get the autostart scripts to work?

I'm talking about this patch:

dwm.suckless.org/patches/autos…

Now, the notes seem simple: after apply the patch, dwm will look for the autostart script in ~/.dwm/autostart.sh.

But if you read it carefully, the file is:

~/.dwm/autostart.sh &

Wth does a "&" have to do with file name? I tried to just use the normal file: autostart.sh with exec dunst. It doesnt work..

I tried to create in the Thunar this weird file name, "autostop.sh &". The system does not recognize it as sh script anymore. .

Any help is welcome.

5 2

The & is an indicator to most shells to run this command in "the background". Try and run ( sleep 10; echo hi ) & - you'll see you get your shell prompt back, where you can run more commands, but 10 second later you'll see that 'hi' come through. 'blocking' is the default behavior, if you don't add the & you're still going get the hi in ten seconds, but you don't get a prompt because your shell's execution is blocked until your command is done.

The doc here is indicating that you havea choice between autostart_blocking.sh and autostart.sh, the latter of which would be run with a &. They could have expressed this better.

As for why your script didn't work, I'd try executing it in a terminal to see what error message comes up.

i see, so the file names are: autostart_blocking.sh and autostart.sh

I dont need to create a weird file name like: autostart.sh &

But, whichever command I put in autostart.sh will run as if I run in terminal with the & sign. E.g: dunst & to run in the background.

But, whichever command I put in autostart.sh will run as if I run in terminal with the & sign. E.g: dunst & to run in the background.


Well, only if it's one single command, if you have multiple commands inside of the script, they will still run sequentially (the next command will only run after the previous one completely closes) unless you add & to them as well.

The difference is that dwm itself will not have to wait for the autostart.sh to complete before launching itself (thanks to it being run in the background with &)

However, autostart_blocking.sh (which isn't run with a &) will stop dwm from fully launching until the script completes.. I guess this is useful if you need certain things to be set up before dwm actually starts.. but it would potentially add a delay on dwm startup.

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
The file autostart.sh file needs to be executable. This might be why it's not working.
This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)

Gentoo help: sys-kernel/Installkernel

Im following the handbook, and I'm up to configuring the kernel. (In a vm. Skipping the optional installing firmware/microcode for now)

Trying for an OpenRC system, but it looks like all the steps need systemd.

All the videos I watched seems to skip this step and just go to Kernel configuration and compilation, but I dont want to a) mix old videos and up-to-date handbook, and b) blindly copy commands.
I understood mostly everything untill now. Just this kernel step where I got lost the first time I tried to install gentoo.

2 1
Can you share which step you are up to which doesn't have a non-systemd instruction?
1

Around 2.1

Systemd boot, OpenRC, then systemd-utils

I should probably bring up this will be my first non-systemd distro. (Maybe I should have looked at Artix first. But too late)

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
2

So if you want to use systemd-boot as the bootloader you have to (apparently) install the systemd-utils package. Or you can just use GRUB / efistub.

Edit: looks like groche beat me to it 😁

It's probably been 4 years since I last had to rebuild my Gentoo, but I would be very surprised if there weren't good OpenRC instructions. I built mine with systemd and Gentoo handbook instructions always felt like 'Are you sure you don't want to use OpenRC? Ok, here are the systemd steps I guess'

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
2

Within section 2.1 choose only one subsection to follow. Those are all alternative bootloader options.

The bootloader subsection chosen in 2.1 on this page should match what is done in Configuring the Bootloader. The default path on that page is GRUB, which does not require any systemd components.

If following the GRUB path, follow instructions in 2.1.1 and skip the rest of 2.1. This is not at all clear in the handbook.

I believe that sys-kernel/installkernel is a utility script internal to the Gentoo project that can be configured to work with various bootloader solutions, including (optionally) systemd, and that is what this section 2.1 is talking about.

This appears to be an out of order dependency in the handbook

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)

Linux Kernel 6.14 Deliver Big Boost to Gaming + More

161 2
Funny, I just saw an article saying don't get too excited about Linux gaming boosts because apparently Wine doesn't use ntsync yet, and Valve already worked around ntsync by implementing the faster fsync in SteamOS.
25 4

esync = alpha version

fsync = beta version

ntsync = final release

Ntsync got rid of performance degradation that can occur with some games under esync and fsync and that’s the why it's allowed to go in the mainline kernel, it has no downside.

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
29

fsync isn't faster than ntsync, it's merely a workaround to match Linux to Windows synchronization primitives. From ntsync's official description:

It exists because implementation in user-space, using existing tools, cannot match Windows performance while offering accurate semantics.


So without this, you either have a huge perfomance hit in case of an accurate implementation or you have good performance, but might run into edge cases where software doesn't work well or at all because it's not accurate (see github.com/ValveSoftware/Proto… for examples)

3

I don't think his statement is true though. If reddit.com/r/linux_gaming/comm… is not manipulated in any way, games with lots of these calls still get big improvements with ntsync over fsync (about 30% in this particular case, which is a massive boost). So while nobody can rule out that his statement may be true on average or in general, there are still cases where ntsync offers a tangible advantage – be it improved FPS or the fact that the game runs at all.

Edit: in the video that the thread is about, fsync didn't beat ntsync in a single one (or I missed it when jumping through it). In the best one, they were exactly tied. Sure, the difference wasn't really big, but again there are titles not working with fsync.

However, I want to stress that I'm not trying to talk about fsync. It's a good solution that significantly improved performance. But ntsync is, from everything I've seen, almost always better; how much depends on the case, and it never seems to be worse.

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
4
I installed 6.14 on servers here and really see a non-trivial boost in efficiency, less CPU sitting in wait state and more executing applications.

Was anybody else just burned by the Tor Browser flatpak?

And by burned, I mean "realize they have been burning for over a year". I'm referring to a bug in the Tor Browser flatpak that prevented the launcher from updating the actual browser, despite the launcher itself updating every week or so. The fix requires manual intervention, and this was never communicated to users. The browser itself also doesn't alert the user that it is outdated. The only reason I found out today was because the NoScript extension broke due to the browser being so old.

To make matters worse, the outdated version of the browser that I had, differs from the outdated version reported in the Github thread. In other words, if you were hoping that at least everybody affected by the bug would be stuck at the same version (and thus have the same fingerprint), that doesn't seem to be the case.

This is an extreme fingerprinting vulnerability. In fact I checked my fingerprint on multiple websites, and I had a unique fingerprint even with javascript disabled. So in other words, despite following the best privacy and security advice of:

  1. using Tor Browser
  2. disabling javascript
  3. keeping software updated

My online habits have been tracked for over a year. Even if Duckduckgo or Startpage doesn't fingerprint users, Reddit sure does (to detect ban evasions, etc), and we all know 90% of searches lead to Reddit, and that Reddit sells data to Google. So I have been browsing the web for over a year with a false sense of security, all the while most of my browsing was linked to a single identity, and that much data is more than enough to link it to my real identity.

How was I supposed to catch this? Manually check the About page of my browser to make sure the number keeps incrementing? Browse the Github issue tracker before bed? Is all this privacy and security advice actually good, or does it just give people a false sense of security, when in reality the software isn't maintained enough for those recommendations to make a difference? Sorry for the rant, it's just all so tiring.

Edit: I want to clarify that this is not an attack on the lone dev maintaining the Tor Browser flatpak. They mention in the issue that they were fairly busy last year. I just wanted to know how other people handled this issue.

Update: I just noticed that based on this comment, the flatpak was only verified by Tor Project after this particular issue had been fixed. So perhaps I should have waited before installing the flatpak. Sigh...

This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)

Was anybody else just burned by the Tor Browser flatpak?

cross-posted from: futurology.today/post/4000823

And by burned, I mean "realize they have been burning for over a year". I'm referring to a bug in the Tor Browser flatpak that prevented the launcher from updating the actual browser, despite the launcher itself updating every week or so. The fix requires manual intervention, and this was never communicated to users. The browser itself also doesn't alert the user that it is outdated. The only reason I found out today was because the NoScript extension broke due to the browser being so old.

To make matters worse, the outdated version of the browser that I had, differs from the outdated version reported in the Github thread. In other words, if you were hoping that at least everybody affected by the bug would be stuck at the same version (and thus have the same fingerprint), that doesn't seem to be the case.

This is an extreme fingerprinting vulnerability. In fact I checked my fingerprint on multiple websites, and I had a unique fingerprint even with javascript disabled. So in other words, despite following the best privacy and security advice of:

  1. using Tor Browser
  2. disabling javascript
  3. keeping software updated

My online habits have been tracked for over a year. Even if Duckduckgo or Startpage doesn't fingerprint users, Reddit sure does (to detect ban evasions, etc), and we all know 90% of searches lead to Reddit, and that Reddit sells data to Google. So I have been browsing the web for over a year with a false sense of security, all the while most of my browsing was linked to a single identity, and that much data is more than enough to link it to my real identity.

How was I supposed to catch this? Manually check the About page of my browser to make sure the number keeps incrementing? Browse the Github issue tracker before bed? Is all this privacy and security advice actually good, or does it just give people a false sense of security, when in reality the software isn't maintained enough for those recommendations to make a difference? Sorry for the rant, it's just all so tiring.

Edit: I want to clarify that this is not an attack on the lone dev maintaining the Tor Browser flatpak. They mention in the issue that they were fairly busy last year. I just wanted to know how other people handled this issue.

This entry was edited (1 month ago)

So the notification that is in the browser that directs you to update it wasn't enough? Because that totally works with the flatpak version of tor, because all the flatpak version of tor does is download a copy of the browser to your home directory and run it. There's a little notification dot on the hamburger menu of tor that directs you to the about page where you can download and update.

Because that's what I've been doing.

This entry was edited (1 month ago)
Afaik the notification was suppressed, see the linked github issue in the post, or this one. I can guarantee the notification wasn't there on my end or else I would have noticed it
This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)

Why do we hate SELinux?

This is not a troll post. I'm genuinely confused as to why SELinux gets so much of hate. I have to say, I feel that it's a fairly robust system. The times when I had issues with it, I created a custom policy in the relevant directory and things were fixed. Maybe a couple of modules here and there at the most. It took me about 15 minutes max to figure out what permissions were being blocked and copy the commands from. Red Hat's guide.

So yeah, why do we hate SELinux?

95 7
MAC is generally more complex than simple Unix permissions. Whether SELinux is more complex than AppArmour is more up to preference in my opinion
This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)

(help) How to disable a laptop's internal keyboard on Fedora?

Hey folks, thanks for all of your recommendations for distros a while back. I ended up settling on Fedora KDE, and have been futzing around with it on my old laptop just for funsies.

I've re-encountered an old problem though. The laptop's Caps Lock and F1 keys are busted, sending in dozens of keypresses per second even when unpressed. I solved this on windows with a bit of a headache (using a program to disable those keys), but I have no idea how to solve it in this environment. I've tried futzing with keyd with little success, and my search powers are really failing me here.

Any advice?

4 1
Solved! I had to swing by a hardware store for some screwdrivers and bemoaned a few secret screws keeping the thing from opening, but I located the keyboard ribbon and removed it. All is well! I even gave the fan a little cleaning, which was long overdue eheh. Thanks folks!
This entry was edited (3 weeks ago)
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