I use i3wm, and to map cap lock to escape, I run:
setxkbmap -option caps:swapescape
This works fine, but sometimes while hitting the F1 key, my pinky can accidentally hit the Escape key, which turns on CapsLock.
Gnome has a very nice way to do this, where Shift + Escape = CapsLock. Hitting Escape on its own will do nothing.
cross-posted from: lemmy.abnormalbeings.space/pos…
Companion article here: blog.gardinerbryant.com/what-e…
Eddy's solution of locking his phone in a safe is not a sustainable solution. So I wanted to explore what I believe to be the next best thing!Gardiner Bryant (The Bryant Blog)
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I feel like this kind of misses the point. To be clear: If someone absolutely cannot avoid installing slop apps and enabling notifications for everything, I can see their need for an ultra minimal device or other solution. But I also think that speaks to a larger, personal discussion about discipline and possibly addiction, but that’s outside the realm of this thread.
My point is we can choose which apps, notifications, features, and algorithms are allowed to get our attention. It’s easy to turn off all notifications or never even allow them in the first place—after all, apps have to ask for that permission in the first place.
But the choice is the point. If someone is traveling somewhere they probably want maps to tell them important information about the journey. Otherwise why turn on directions at all? That’s the entire point.
We even have the ability to disable all texting notifications but also choose to allow them from certain people if they’re important enough. These devices are simply tools and we have the power to choose how they operate. The device isn’t the problem, it’s our choices.
I'm saying one of the big downsides has nothing to do with self discipline.
Merely living in a world covered in advertisements, living next to a delicious smelling candy bowl, living 30 seconds away from memes, rage-bait, doom scrolling, sports gambling, and other slop -- just living next to those things are bad for our mental health.
Some sources if you're curious on the research behind it.
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/…
ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/…
scholarworks.uark.edu/mgmtuht/…
Why does self-control predict such a wide array of positive life outcomes? Conventional wisdom holds that self-control is used to effortfully inhibit maladaptive impulses, yet this view conflicts with emerging evidence that self-control is ...pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
SystemCTL systems need to use: "systemctl shutdown".
Not sure if openSUSE uses it.
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Running poweroff is one of the correct ways on anything Systemd (details). If that doesn't work then something is broken.
If you haven't done so already try looking into the journal. sudo journalctl -b -1 -e will take you to the end of the log for the last boot.
Reading "What is the difference between Halt and Shutdown commands?" , I generally have an idea what does the command shutdown does, with or without -h/-r options. The "halt" command performs po...Unix & Linux Stack Exchange
Hi guys!
I have a Surface laptop, which I want to use again with a microSD as external storage. Since this can be easily pulled off from the laptop, I want it to be encrypted. This was encrypted before, but eventually the SD failed, and I'm trying to recreate what I had...without much success.
Steps so far...
Create the LUKS volume:
#cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/sda
Format in ext4 (I believe it was in Exfat with the old SD?):
\#cryptsetup open /dev/sda encrypted
\#mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/encrypted/home/user/EncryptedSD.txt
Then I refer to this via /etc/crypttab at boot:
encrypted /dev/sda /home/user/EncryptedSD.txt
And my /etc/fstab should attempt to mount this on the spot:
/dev/mapper/encrypted /media/SDCard ext4 auto,nofail,rw
However, as this is set, I'm being prompted halfway through boot for the password. And I can't type anything onto that field. Not that it matters, as it's a really long randomly generated password, no way I could remember it.
Even if I managed to make it go through boot, I'm still prompted for mounting the drive when I clicked on it, and I'm also prompted for the password, so clearly something's not quite there yet. Any ideas? I intend to sync a series of network folders to this drive, so not being ready can make it a bit messier to sync at boot.
Thanks!
cross-posted from: lemmy.sdf.org/post/32192355
Just found out about this guy on YouTube named Nuxttux because I've been trying to make some social media videos.Kdenlive is a completely different beast than the one that I remember using a couple of years ago. It has so much functionality in it, like all the "TikTok effects", proxy clips, rendering previews, visualizing effect curves between keyframes... like damn. This is actually legit software now for my basic needs.
The thing is, it seems like these were all added in the past 2 years, because I had 23.x installed through the Debian repo and I upgraded through Flatpak to 24.12 and it seems to have added all of these?
Anyway holy shit. Go give these guys some money. This is game changing
Same, for quick-and-easy hobby work, it's a great tool. Sometimes I will be surprised by looking up a video effect and seeing it can be done in kdenlive.
A few years back there was a bug with my set-up where it would crash when moving clips a certain way, but once that was solved, kdenlive has been smooth sailing for me.
Hello everyone!
I have been learning QEMU for the past day and so I've almost finished building my perfect VM from the qemu cli, and I was wondering if there is any method to say, copy a partition(+bootloader) of a physically installed system (in this case, Windows) over a hard disk image and run it with QEMU
Unfortunately I've had no luck searching online about it and I'm unsure how to proceed myself since I've never done any disk-cloning or anything like that
My best guess would be to dump the contents of the partitions into a shared folder with the VM, then use a live media to copy those contents over into the hard disk image and finally install a bootloader to work with the Windows boot manager, but I'm all ears for what anyone has to say about it.
Thanks for reading and please let me know what you know!
Here be dragons. But basically:
You won’t find this in a tutorial. You need to understand concepts, read manuals, fit everything together, execute, fail and retry until it works.
For Windows, I have no idea. Conceptually, I figure it’s similar.
My partner is looking for an alternative to PicCollage, there doesn't seem to be a simple collage builder for digital scrapbooking on Linux.
It needs to be able to scale, rotate and place images (video nice but not required) and add text that can be put into various "fun" fonts.
I don't know what the "ideal" would be other than the above.
Note: she is running Linux Mint 21.3
Make all your memories last forever. Create holiday greetings, wedding invitations, birthday cards, and more. Download the app and start creating now!PicCollage
I've joined Lemmy.ml. Someone sent me a link to a video posted on Feddit.nl - I thought I could log in and upvote/comment using my Lemmy.ml credentials. Wrong!
Why is this? Sorry for my ignorance, I'm relatively new to the fediverse. But I thought that they were all federated so you can interact with all instances??!
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When instances become instruments of propaganda for Putin/Xi/Kim and ban people who expose such propaganda, they fully deserve to be blocked. They've become instruments of the enemies of civil society.
It's the moderation practices of those instances that put them in the corner of "sectarian shit". The rest of us don't need to tolerate such toxicity.
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But when instances become instruments of propaganda for NATO/US/EU and ban people who expose such propaganda, that's fine.
I tolerate the toxicity of .world and other liberal instances, but maybe I shouldn't. Maybe this is self harm. Maybe I should just join lemmygrad so I never have to get attacked again for disagreeing with the liberal consensus. I'd probably hit myself less.
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APT 3.0 has been officially released as the first stable version following an interesting development cyclewww.phoronix.com
Anyone got a link to a meaningful description of improvement, rather than "pretty colours" and a "better package solver"?
My most frequent use of apt is inside a Dockerfile, so care factor on UI is not high and "better" isn't a measurable metric.
Edit for those who couldn't be bothered to click through the first result:
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Just stop going there.
Haven't you seen enough Flintstones pron?
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XY: I installed bazzite and goofed up. The username is wrong and my home is /home/bazzite instead of /home/ludrol
I am trying to run usermod -l ludrol bazzite in tty3 with sudo su - but the bazzite user is logged.
Solution:
Added password to root with passwd
Logged in as root
Ran required usermod commands
Disabled root with passwd -l
IDK if this will work but maybe doing exec sudo -i does the trick.
Otherwise just enable the root account and log in as root. Should be passwd -u root to unlock (passwd -l root to relock), also need to set the root password using passwd root.
Another way to do this is sudo su -c 'this is my command'
E.g. change a fan setting on a ThinkPad with:
sudo su -c 'echo "level full-speed" > /proc/acpi/ibm/fan'
So to run a shell you could do all sorts of tricks like:
sudo su -c '/bin/bash -i' and such.
Never know when it comes in handy.
EDIT: Damn, downvoted, any reason why? It works on my machine with a locked root user or one without a PW and I made sure to test it before posting, but I'd love an explanation of why it wouldn't work if that's the reason for the downvote. Was just hoping it would be useful to somebody :/
The fediverse is small, and thats both a blessing and a curse - one of its several blessings is that in a smaller space we all individually have a bigger impact on what the culture of this space is like.
On this comm (and on lemmy broadly) there's a lot of discussion about how to grow the fediverse, what to improve, but an easy thing you can do for the fediverse is right in front of us-
A platform lives or dies by what's available on said platform and often we have this conversation in the context of "content" or posts - and we may never have as much content as reddit does. But content and posts aren't the only thing this kind of platform offers- it also offers people. It offers community, and human interaction.
Culture and community is lemmy and the fediverse's biggest differentiator, and we all have a role to play in shaping the culture of this space.
***The biggest thing you can do to help the fediverse *is make it a place worth being.****
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I am a prolific retweeter. I also see many instances prohibit nsfw, or some prohibit nsfw without a cw, or without a specific cw. Many servers have 5 or 10 categories of content that must be CWd. If I boost/retoot a post from another mastodon instance, what does that look like for other users of my instance? Does it show up in the local feed? If I boost an untagged nsfw or otherwise 'bad' content under the local rules, is that moderate-able (bad for the retooter)?
I intend to mark my profile as sensitive and put every post of mine behind a CW.
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GUIs do have advantages in things like discoverability. Honestly the 1983s Apple Lisa nailed this with the idea of having clickable menus annotated with keyboard shortcuts, so users could do the same thing faster next time. For some reason we stopped doing this (especially in web apps), but that's a reason to make better GUIs, not to RETVRN to the feature set of a VT100.
I don't know why we have to go on nonsensical diatribes about "UNIX wizards" though when we're fundamentally talking about a handful of minor UI improvements to things that already exist.
I would like to buy myself a second hand and install Linux on it. I was looking into ThinkPad T14 gen1 or gen2 devices because of their maintainability and repairability. I found one where I live with a Ryzen processor but it has the wrong keyboard. How easy and expensive would it be to swap this with US English? Are there any good alternatives to the ThinkPads? I fancy the X1 but don't like the fact that I cannot change or swap anything on it. The T14 looks very bulky and unattractive but at least can have the RAM upgraded and the battery changed.
I fancy the Framework laptops, but don't want to spend so much on a laptop. Especially the latest 16 inch with Ryzen AI CPUs.
The T14 G1 is at least cheap, like 350€ with the 400 nits low power display and the battery is at 99%. I guess with tlp installed and autocpugfreq I can get 5-6 hours out of it.
At framework, only the desktop and the 13 offer Ryzen AI options.
That said, my 16 is plenty powerful enough.
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A deep dive into the philosophical and aesthetic principles underlying the design of AT Protocol.AT Protocol
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A collection of terminology used in the AT Protocol and their definitions.AT Protocol
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This is false, they support did:web which ties your identity to ownership of a DNS name (which is its own can of worms, but not controlled by bluesky like PLC).
Unless you mean that you still have to register your pds it to get indexed by the relay, so people can read your posts without querying your server directly (which is possible but discouraged). This is actually an advantage over mastodon/activitypub however, your personal pds will not crash if a post goes viral (unlike a personal mastodon instance).
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Introducing IBIS-Wiki
A federated encyclopedia which uses the ActivityPub protocol, just like Mastodon or Lemmy.
ibis.wiki/
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Missing an /s?
Take a look at the 'news' on various instances like hexbear vs world and it's night and day. An encyclopedia is meant to be factually reliable, but if this works like it does here you would have the equivalent of conservapedia and prolewiki sitting side by side as 'true'.
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Agree.
I also think a federated wiki is a great idea.
I think the way to do that is: instead of having separate realities/universes linked together by search and federation, try to unite those universes into a shared multiverse, to the greatest possible.
In other words
- ❌ merely give all federated users access to the same articles
- ✅ automatically link and embed similar articles into each other by default (collapsed, but expandable). similarity can be determined by authors'/contributors' intentional citations, by instance owners' filter rules, by LLM, etc.
of course, there may be attempts to obfuscate relatedness, astroturfing, brigading, whatnot. I wonder if its possible to visualize voting results for each duplicated/linked article along with the originating instance. I think this would function as a pseudo version of 'community fact-checking'. Maybe a better name would be 'reality-checking' or 'sanity-checking' or whatever.
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Hello everybody!
I want to escape Microsoft and windows, and I am looking for a Linux distro. I have some experience with Unix and a very old Ubuntu distro. But that's quite some years ago. I am looking for a Linux distribution where i can play World of Warcraft on. I mainly use Nvidia graphics (RTX 3070).
I have found some distributions that are supposed to be good for gaming. I suppose, as i am still a Linux Noob, I am also looking for a distribution which is easy to get into. Especially for an older gamer ;)
I came with these distro's myself. What does the Linux community say?
Bazzite
- Based on Fedora Atomic
- Pre Installed Steam
- Nvidia drivers and support
bazzite.gg/
docs.bazzite.gg/Gaming/index.h…
Developer: Universal Blue (US?)
Drauger OS
- Based on Ubuntu LTS using KDE Plasma
- Pre for AMD
draugeros.org/
Pop!_OS
- based on Ubuntu
- Optimized for gaming on Nvidia GPU's
system76.com/pop/
Developer: system76 (Denver, US)
SteamOS
-based on Debian 8 (Jessie)
-designed to run steam and steam games
-set to auto update their OS from Valve repo's
store.steampowered.com/steamos
Developer: Valve (US)
Manjaro
-based on Arch (rolling release model for latest software/drivers)
-KDE plasma desktop
(Pro-tip: enable flatpak and install ProtonUp-QT)
manjaro.org/products
Developer: Majaro (EU - Austria, France, Germany)
Ubuntu:
-the go-to linux distro for millions of users, incl gamers
-best for beginners and gamers who want stable well supported distro
-works seamlesssly with steam, lutris, wine
(pro-tip: install the gamemode package (sudo apt install gamemode))
ubuntu.com/download
Developer: Canonical ltd. (UK)
Nobara
-based on Fedora
-optimized for gaming on newer Nvidia graphics (drivers come installed)
nobaraproject.org/download-nob…
Developer: Thomas Crider (Denver, US)
Mint
-based on debian and Ubuntu
-friendly OS, works out of the box, extremely easy to use
linuxmint.com/download.php
Developer : Linuxmint (French, Dutch, UK)
Bazzite is a custom Fedora Atomic image built with cloud native technology that brings the best of Linux gaming to all of your devices - including your favorite handheld..bazzite.gg
wow is one of the easiest things to run and has ran pretty much fine since it came out in 2004 lol
The newer battle net launcher is more difficult to run, but lutris auto installs all that for you.
To boot into a BTRFS snapshots from rEFind boot manager. But rEFInd doesn't show the snapshots.
grub-btrfs, which lets you boot into snapshot from OS selection screen itself.grub-btrfs. But it didn't in my case. I am not seeing any way to boot into a snapshot from rEFInd.BTRFS Assistant with snapper to manage snapshots./efi /boot partition layout. (attached below)boot partition and mounted my pre-existing EFI partition to /boot/efi. I did this by referring a Youtube video (I know, I should've known better)/ partition
I know this is a general community, but this is the 7th community that I'm asking this 🥲
Some people suggested Limine bootloader, but I like rEFInd for its versatile theme support.
Generate rEFInd manual boot stanzas from Btrfs snapshots - Venom1991/refind-btrfsGitHub
From arch's site:
Tip: make sure btrfs_x64.efi driver is installed, it can be installed manually by copying from /usr/share/refind/drivers_x64/btrfs_x64.efi to esp/EFI/refind/drivers_x64/btrfs_x64.efi, or you can install all drivers with the refind-install /dev/sdx --alldrivers option.
Warning: btrfs_x64.efi does not support raid1c3/4.
Thank you.
But, its already there. Also, I don't do any raid.
Many people are, understandably, confused about brightness levels in content creation and consumption - both for SDR and for HDR content. Even people that do content creation as their job sometimes get it really wrong.Xaver Hugl (Xaver’s blog)
This makes a numerous amounts of incorrect assumptions.
For one it assumes all sRGB monitors utilize gamma2.2 for decoding images. This is bluntly put, completely wrong. A large amount of displays utilize the inverse OETF (the peicewise srgb transform) for decoding sRGB. (for some more information from a somewhat authoritative body, filmlight's "srgb we need to talk" video on youtube goes more indepth but TLDR is 25-50% of displays use the inverse sRGB oetf)
this is why windows HDR uses the inverse oetf. Decoding content graded on a pure 2.2 display with the inverse oetf is way better then decoding content graded on an inverse oetf display with a pure 2.2. Windows took the safe route of making sure most content looks at least OK. I would not say that windows HDR is wrong, it's not right, but it's not wrong either. this is just the mess that sRGB gave us.
Another time you should be using the inverse sRGB OETF to linearize content when the original content was encoded using the sRGB oetf and you want to go back to that working data, but this applies less to compositors and more to authoring workflows.
Another wrong assumption
When you use Windows 11 on a desktop monitor and enable HDR, you get an “SDR content brightness” slider in the settings - treating HDR content as something completely separate that’s somehow independent of the viewing environment, and that you cannot adjust the brightness of. With laptop displays however, you get a normal brightness slider, which applies to both SDR and HDR content.
People have been adjusting monitor brightness for ages. Sometimes manually, sometimes with DDC etc.
Another issue that is brought up is "graphics white" BT.2408 is a suggestion, not a hard coded spec, many different specs or suggestions use a different "graphics white" value. A good example of this is JXL. 2408 also very explicitly says 'The signal level of “HDR Reference White” is not directly related to the signal level of SDR “peak white”.'
this is important to note because this directly contradicts the some of the seemingly core assumptions made in the article, and even some of the bullet points like "a reference luminance, also known as HDR reference white, graphics white or SDR white" and "SDR things, like user interfaces in games, should use the reference luminance too"
if your application has some need to differentiate between “SDR” and “HDR” displays (to change the buffer format for example), you can do so by checking if the maximum mastering luminance is greater than the reference luminance
This needs to be expanded upon that this does NOT correlate to what the general user understands HDR and SDR to be. HDR and SDR in the terms of video content is no more then a marketing term and without context it can be hard to define what it is, However it is abundantly clear from this quote here that how they are interpreting HDR and SDR (which is a very valid technically inclined way of interpreting it) does NOT fall inline with general user expectation.
Anyone reading this article should be made aware of this.
For one it assumes all sRGB monitors utilize gamma2.2 for decoding images
Assuming that all monitors do anything specific at all would be a folly, no.
There are no assumptions there, the sRGB spec has no ambiguity when it comes to the transfer function of the display.
That a certain percentage of displays don't behave like expected is annoying, but doesn't really change anything (beyond allowing the user to change the assumed transfer function in SDR mode).
this is why windows HDR uses the inverse oetf. Decoding content graded on a pure 2.2 display with the inverse oetf is way better then decoding content graded on an inverse oetf display with a pure 2.2. Windows took the safe route of making sure most content looks at least OK. I would not say that windows HDR is wrong, it’s not right, but it’s not wrong either. this is just the mess that sRGB gave us.
The most likely actual reason Window uses the piece-wise transfer function for HDR is that it did that in SDR mode too - where however the default ICC profile was also piece-wise sRGB, so it canceled out on 99% of PCs, and had no negative effects.
Another time you should be using the inverse sRGB OETF to linearize content when the original content was encoded using the sRGB oetf and you want to go back to that working data, but this applies less to compositors and more to authoring workflows.
Makes sense.
People have been adjusting monitor brightness for ages. Sometimes manually, sometimes with DDC etc.
That's a very different thing. Pushing viewing environment adjustments to the display side makes some amount of sense with SDR monitors - when you get an SDR display with increased luminance capabilities vs. the old one, you change the monitor to display the content comfortably in your environment.
With HDR though, if the operating system considers PQ content to be absolute in luminance, you can't properly adjust that on the monitor side anymore, because a lot of monitors completely lock you out of brightness controls in HDR mode, and the vast majority of the ones that do allow you to adjust it, only allow you to reduce luminance, not increase it above "PQ absolute".
Another issue that is brought up is “graphics white” BT.2408 is a suggestion, not a hard coded spec, many different specs or suggestions use a different “graphics white” value.
I didn't claim that PQ had only one specification that uses it, I split up SMPTE ST 2084, rec.2100 and BT.2408 for a reason. I didn't dive into it further because a hundred pages of diving into every detail that's irrelevant in practice is counter productive to people actually learning useful things.
A good example of this is JXL.
Can you expand on what you mean with that?
2408 also very explicitly says ‘The signal level of “HDR Reference White” is not directly related to the signal level of SDR “peak white”.’
That "directly" is very important, as it does very much make both these signal levels the same. As I wrote in the blog post, the spec is all about broadcasts and video.
Other systems do sometimes split these two things up, but that nearly always just results in a bad user experience. I won't rant anymore about the crapshow that is HDR on Windows, but my LG TV cranks up brightness of its UI to the absolute maximum while an HDR video is playing. If they would adhere to the recommendations of BT.2408, they would work much better.
this is important to note because this directly contradicts the some of the seemingly core assumptions made in the article, and even some of the bullet points like “a reference luminance, also known as HDR reference white, graphics white or SDR white” and “SDR things, like user interfaces in games, should use the reference luminance too”
No contradictions at all. The Wayland protocol defines these things to be the same, so for application developers they just are the same, end of story.
This needs to be expanded upon that this does NOT correlate to what the general user understands HDR and SDR to be. HDR and SDR in the terms of video content is no more then a marketing term and without context it can be hard to define what it is, However it is abundantly clear from this quote here that how they are interpreting HDR and SDR (which is a very valid technically inclined way of interpreting it) does NOT fall inline with general user expectation.
That's just absolute nonsense. The very very vast majority of users do not have any clue whatsoever what transfer function content is using, or even what a transfer function, buffer encoding or even buffers are, the only difference they can see is that HDR gets brighter than SDR.
And again, this too is about how applications should use the Wayland protocol. This is the only way to define it that makes any sense.
Assuming that all monitors do anything specific at all would be a folly, no. There are no assumptions there, the sRGB spec has no ambiguity when it comes to the transfer function of the display.That a certain percentage of displays don’t behave like expected is annoying, but doesn’t really change anything (beyond allowing the user to change the assumed transfer function in SDR mode).
the video goes more indepth, but it's a very true statement to say that "some displays decode with the inverse oetf and some don't" this issue has been plaguing displays for decades now.
There are no assumptions there, the sRGB spec has no ambiguity when it comes to the transfer function of the display.
You are 100% right in saying "the reference display is gamma 2.2" however, we can only wish this is what displays do, Color.org themselves got this wrong!!! color.org/srgb.pdf and leads people astray.
The most likely actual reason Window uses the piece-wise transfer function for HDR is that it did that in SDR mode too - where however the default ICC profile was also piece-wise sRGB, so it canceled out on 99% of PCs, and had no negative effects.
I don't actually believe this to be the case, if it was people who use custom ICCs would get extremely wonky results that don't typically happen. On the other hand it is very true that colors when doing it the way they do, you get the "least offensive" results. Though IMO the best solution would be to simply be to default to the pure 2.2 and allow users to override the transfer. the Color protocol allows for explicit peicewise sRGB anyways, so doing this should fit right into a fleshed out colormanaged setup.
That’s a very different thing. Pushing viewing environment adjustments to the display side makes some amount of sense with SDR monitors - when you get an SDR display with increased luminance capabilities vs. the old one, you change the monitor to display the content comfortably in your environment
I think I am a bit confused on the laptop analogy then, could you elaborate on it?
With HDR though, if the operating system considers PQ content to be absolute in luminance, you can’t properly adjust that on the monitor side anymore, because a lot of monitors completely lock you out of brightness controls in HDR mode, and the vast majority of the ones that do allow you to adjust it, only allow you to reduce luminance, not increase it above “PQ absolute”.
How monitors typically handle this is beyond me I will admit, But I have seen some really bonkers ways of handling it so I couldn't really comment on whether or not this holds true one way or another. Just so I am not misinterpeting you, are you saying that "if you feed 300nits of PQ, the monitor will not allow it to go above it's 300nits"? IF so this is not the case on what happens on my TV unless I am in "creator/PC" mode. In other modes it will allow it to go brighter or dimmer.
My current monitor is only a 380nit display so I can't really verify on that (nor do I have the hardware to atm)
I didn’t claim that PQ had only one specification that uses it, I split up SMPTE ST 2084, rec.2100 and BT.2408 for a reason. I didn’t dive into it further because a hundred pages of diving into every detail that’s irrelevant in practice is counter productive to people actually learning useful things.
ah I see, I was a bit confused on what you had meant then. My apologies.
Can you expand on what you mean with that?
Keep in mind this was based on the above misinterpretation of what I thought you meant.
With libjxl it doesn't really default to the "SDR white == 203" reference from the "reference white == SDR white" common... choice? not sure how to word it... Anyways, libjxl defaults to "SDR white = 255" or something along those lines, I can't quite remember. The reasoning for this was simple, that was what they were tuning butteraugli on.
That “directly” is very important, as it does very much make both these signal levels the same. As I wrote in the blog post, the spec is all about broadcasts and video.Other systems do sometimes split these two things up, but that nearly always just results in a bad user experience. I won’t rant anymore about the crapshow that is HDR on Windows, but my LG TV cranks up brightness of its UI to the absolute maximum while an HDR video is playing. If they would adhere to the recommendations of BT.2408, they would work much better.
I think this is an issue of terminology and stuff, reference white is something the colourist often decides. When you assume that HDR graphics white == SDR white this actually causes more problems then it solves. I would say that it is a "good default", but not a safe value to assume. This is something the user may often need to override. I know personally even when just watching movies on MPV this is something I very often need to play with to get a good experience, and this is not even counting professionally done work.
That’s just absolute nonsense. The very very vast majority of users do not have any clue whatsoever what transfer function content is using, or even what a transfer function, buffer encoding or even buffers are, the only difference they can see is that HDR gets brighter than SDR.And again, this too is about how applications should use the Wayland protocol. This is the only way to define it that makes any sense.
this actually isn't really that true. It is indeed the case that users wont know what transfer function content is using. but they absolutely do see a difference other then "HDR gets brighter then SDR" and that is "it's more smooth in the dark areas" because that is also equally true.
Users have a lot of different assumptions about HDR, but they all follow some sort of trend "it makes the content look more smooth at a greater range of luminance" and if I were to give a "technical definition that follows general user expectations" the definition would be something along the lines of "A transfer that provides perceptually smooth steps of luminance at a given bit depth up to at least 1000 nits in a given reference environment" which is bad for sure, but at the very least, it more closely aligns with general expectations of HDR given it's use in marketing.
(I really hate the terms HDR and SDR btw, I wish they would die in a fire for any technical discussion and really wish we could dissuade people from using the term)
Colour Online: sRGB... We Need To Talkwith FilmLight’s Daniele SiragusanoIn times where we base our visual decisions increasingly on remote grading and remot...YouTube
I don’t actually believe this to be the case, if it was people who use custom ICCs would get extremely wonky results that don’t typically happen
They wouldn't, because applying ICC profiles is opt-in for each application. Games and at least many video players don't apply ICC profiles, so they do not see negative side effects of it being handled wrong (unless they calibrate the VCGT to follow the piece-wise TF).
With Windows Advanced Color of course, that may change.
I think I am a bit confused on the laptop analogy then, could you elaborate on it?
What analogy?
How monitors typically handle this is beyond me I will admit, But I have seen some really bonkers ways of handling it so I couldn’t really comment on whether or not this holds true one way or another. Just so I am not misinterpeting you, are you saying that “if you feed 300nits of PQ, the monitor will not allow it to go above it’s 300nits”? IF so this is not the case on what happens on my TV unless I am in “creator/PC” mode. In other modes it will allow it to go brighter or dimmer.
Yes, that's exactly what happens. TVs do random nonsense to make the image look "better", and one of those image optimizations is to boost brightness. In this case it's far from always nonsense of course (on my TV it was though, it made the normal desktop waaay too bright).
unless I am in “creator/PC” mode
Almost certainly just trying to copy what monitors do.
With libjxl it doesn’t really default to the “SDR white == 203” reference from the “reference white == SDR white” common… choice? not sure how to word it… Anyways, libjxl defaults to “SDR white = 255” or something along those lines, I can’t quite remember. The reasoning for this was simple, that was what they were tuning butteraugli on.
Heh, when it came to merging the Wayland protocol and we needed implementations for all the features, I was searching for a video or image standard that did exactly that. The protocol has a feature where you can specify a non-default reference luminance to handle these cases.
It is indeed the case that users wont know what transfer function content is using. but they absolutely do see a difference other then “HDR gets brighter then SDR” and that is “it’s more smooth in the dark areas” because that is also equally true.
That is technically speaking true, but noone actually sees that. People do often get confused about bit depth vs. HDR, but that's more to do with marketing conflating the two than people actually noticing a lack of banding with HDR content. With the terrible bitrates videos often use nowadays, you can even get banding in HDR videos too :/
When you play an HDR and an SDR video on a desktop OS side by side, the only normally visible differences are that the HDR video sometimes gets a lot brighter than the SDR one, and that (with a color managed video player...) the colors may be more intense.
I should elaborate on why the "Peak white" stuff is wrong, they give this math here for mapping linear luminance. This can be really confusing, "what do we map the references to" well if PQ "graphics white" is 203, should we map sRGB to 203? clearly not, at least not always as implied by BT.2408.
the question as to what we map SDR content to in an HDR space is complex, and in many cases almost certainly not some number that we can do 1:1 mapping with, which is why specifications for inverse tonemapping exist. for instance BT.2446 defines multiple tone mapping algorithms to go from SDR->HDR->SDR or HDR->SDR->HDR or any step inbetween with minimal content loss and fidelity loss.
we cannot do a simple one size fits all function and expect everything to be hunky dory
Again, the reference luminance mapping is all about how applications should use the Wayland protocol.
How to map SDR to HDR can indeed be made much more complicated, from simple gamma adjustments to some full blown ITM meant for images or videos, like what BT.2446 suggests, but as far as applications are concerned, those are edge cases that they don't really need to be prepared for.
It's not like they have a different choice - unless the compositor supports custom reference luminance levels (which KWin does, but not all others do), and they support custom reference luminance themselves, then they need some logic to calculate peak luminance levels. If the compositor steps outside of those common expectations for reference luminance mapping, then the result may not be ideal, but there is no way for the application to do better.
Hello all,
I'm trying to get into GUI programming, but am hesitating on using a Python library to make my first barebones program. My goal is to code basic buttons and understand how operating systems implement the way they draw windows for applications.
I have coded mostly in scientific libraries or high-level languages that are fairly simple (Python, Matlab, Julia)... Also am familiar with basic concepts and syntax from C.
Looking for recommendations to start. I am happy to learn a new PL. Interested in writing code for legacy hardware and mobile. Bonus if the codes are general enough to be written for most displays one could interact with.
I've been using Flutter, I like how it's cross-platform, mostly. I've generally built things for Android, but the desktop (Linux and Windows) and web versions usually compile fine with no tweaking. Couldn't speak to the iOS versions as I can't be arsed to jump through Apple's hoops. You can make a nice looking app with it for whichever platform you're targeting.
It's very well supported, lots of examples, well documented. Not as much out there as Python for examples and troubleshooting, but not bad.
web versions usually compile fine with no tweaking
Isn't Flutter basically a webapp anyway?
Every time I go to the piefed frontpage I'm blown away by how much more polished it is. It has all the bells and whistles that lemmy is sometimes missing.
Whats the catch? Why aren't we recommending everyone goes to piefed instead of lemmy?
App support is one thing I can think of.
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I never knew what it was because I'm a bit desensitised to new apps / app names.
Edit: using phtn.app/ has made Lemmy extremely pleasant to use too. I haven't had a better experience on any platform.
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For me..
Because the PWA font is too small and can't be enlarged.
Because there's no 'back to top' button so have to kill the app to refresh.
Because there's no app.
But sometimes I use it anyway because the combining of articles is so much better than seeing the same article three or four times in a row in Voyager.
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Life After Microsoft Windows Cutting The Cord Series: A tech revolution is shaking up governments worldwide—Windows 10’s looming end of life, increasing Micr...YouTube
Qt 6.9 is here! This release brings exciting innovations, enhanced graphics performance, and new platform capabilities to help you build exceptional applications.Highlighted improvements in Qt 6.9 include:
* Qt Graphs: Interactive 2D panning, zooming, and dynamic 3D graph injection. Printing support now available!
* Qt Quick: GPU-accelerated SVG animations and Variable Rate Shading for improved graphics performance.
* Qt Quick Controls: New context menu support enhances desktop integration and user experience.
* XR Enhancements: Haptic feedback added for creating richter immersive virtual interactions.
Qt 6.9 is now available, highlighting emojis, Graphs, OIT, better OAuth2, and many more new improvements for application developers and device creators!Volker Hilsheimer (The Qt Company Oy)
Qt is still the only excellent cross-platform desktop GUI framework.
It's a pity that it's current custodian's commercial licenses:
This situation makes me afraid to use their commercial offerings, which in turn means they won't get any money from me at all; I feel that I can safely use their libs only in open-source code. Their business model is their decision, of course, but I can't help wondering if their whale-hunting approach actually nets them more money than a more accessible, lower-cost, one-time (or one-major-version) license option would. In many other industries, high sales volume reaps more profits than high price.
Thank goodness for the KDE Free Qt Foundation.
v.01
@Friendica Support @Tutorial
Hi there!
A question about the different page option settings of accounts (friendica 2024.03)./settings/account/basic
Right now this page want's to merge from a standard personal profile page to kinda community profile page where only specific defined profiles can publish thru it's wall to the rest of the followers.
First thought was to stay as a single profile page, allow mutual friend relations to publish/write to this wall, and change all contacts that do not belong to the inner circle of profiles to followers only. Apparently this setting doesn't work, or doesn't work as expected.
Security and privacy settings in:/settings
Is this a known issue or some kind of misinterpretation of this option?
Next possible option would be to choose to become a public community group page.
This option would imply a continuous attention to change every new contact to followers only, if in fact this would mean that the followers would not be able to publish to the group but receive publications. Also this setting would include the risk of being exposed to unexpected posts into the community of followers whenever the administration of the profile lags behind for some reason.
The option private group looks more promising in this regard and actually would be the same than being a personal profile page that checks new follow requests and than could change the setting to allow mutual friendship to post to the profiles wall or simply define a follower relationship. The [Experimental] notice, that actually exists like lot's of years already is a little bit confusing, or creates a certain reluctance to try this option. How experimental is this still as of now or could we perhaps ask the community to run a general test on all the options of the account settings in general together with a general feed back to sum this up and come to some definite setup, wording and explanations on the matter?
Hey, I hope someone can help me.
Problem:
When I wake my PC from suspend, my monitor is always set down to 30% brightness for some reason.
These are the brightness settings of the monitor itself, which can only be accessed via the monitor settings using the buttons on the monitor. I do not mean the brightness settings of my desktop environment.
These are still set to 100%, even though the monitor is darker.
The problem also arises in a second case. When I lower the brightness in the brightness control of my DE, my monitor brightness is also lowered in the monitor settings down to 30% again. I can then no longer increase the brightness in the DE settings, because 100% in the DE now equals 30% in the monitor. So if I set the brightness to 50% in the DE for example, this is 50% of the 30% set in the monitor. So actually only 15% in real terms
I hope I was able to explain the problem clearly. Please ask if you don't understand something. It's really annoying because I need to turn up my screen brightness with the Buttons on the Monitor every single time I wake up my PC.
Technical data:
A new security fund aims to help apps in the fediverse — like Mastodon, Threads, and Pixelfed — to pay researchers for disclosing security bugs.Sarah Perez (TechCrunch)
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I'm currently trying seatd+turnstile+greetd on dinit. s6 usersv would be alternative for turnstile+dinit but i see s6 more on server, personally.
This reminds me, i wanted to try mdev for a long time (there's mdev like a boss).
This repo is a stash for notes, scripts and configs for the system running with mdev as a udev replacement. - fff7d1bc/mdev-like-a-bossGitHub
You will go back to your "usual" linux setup when you realize that most packages you set up with LFS are now broken and you'll need to redo the whole process again.
t. arch linux minimal installation only master race
Seeing that DVD are slowly going end-of-live and that you can't buy a lot of my childhood favorites in german anymore and streams are compressed-to-death (and DRMed), i had a streak of preservia. Which is why i rip a bunch of discs from the library on Linux (yes, legally not ok, but morally just ease of access, i wouldn't sell them). Since it's only to watch them when nostalgia hits, i want them in a ready-to-watch format, chose AV1 webm for small size. My burner is LibreDrive-ok ootb, meaning makemkv goes automatically in that mode.
I have the discs for a limited time, so i used to use dvdbackup for DVD and later feed the folder to handbrake for conversion. Now i got a bunch of blu-ray:
makemkvcon backup needs only about 2 hours per disk, but the resulting folder is 80 GB big; i have only about 250 GB free spaceWhile i write this, handbrake is loading the chapters (that alone needs more than 1 hour for blu-ray); i'm trying if a lossless FFV1 mkv conversion (for later re-conversion) takes less long.
Now:
Edit: nope, handbrake suddenly has unable to decrypt unit (AACS)
Yeah, just now someone answered the comment on the shop mentioning libredrive compatibility, that the vendor changed the drive and you have to flash it now.
Edit: nope, i have the Toshiba one.
cross-posted from: jlai.lu/post/17384631
Hey everyone, thank you again for participating, and for your submissions!I'm glad to announce that the voting form is completed, and you can now cast your votes and select your favourite songs. Everyone is welcome to vote, even if your instance or community did not participate! This is a great opportunity to discover new music, cultures, and bridge the lemmyverse together.
**The voting form is available here: tally.so/r/wvzg8d**I created a playlist so that you can easily listen to the submitted songs, it's available at the following links:
- Piped: watch.leptons.xyz/playlist?lis…
- Invidious: inv.nadeko.net/playlist?list=P…
- Youtube: youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzn…
The form will be available until around the 8th of April, I will then collect the results and publish them shortly after. I hope you'll have a lot of fun listening to the 11 songs submitted for this edition. Don't hesitate if you have any question!
Cheers!
cross-posted from: jlai.lu/post/17384635
cross-posted from: jlai.lu/post/17384631
Hey everyone, thank you again for participating, and for your submissions!I'm glad to announce that the voting form is completed, and you can now cast your votes and select your favourite songs. Everyone is welcome to vote, even if your instance or community did not participate! This is a great opportunity to discover new music, cultures, and bridge the lemmyverse together.
**The voting form is available here: tally.so/r/wvzg8d**I created a playlist so that you can easily listen to the submitted songs, it's available at the following links:
- Piped: watch.leptons.xyz/playlist?lis…
- Invidious: inv.nadeko.net/playlist?list=P…
- Youtube: youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzn…
The form will be available until around the 8th of April, I will then collect the results and publish them shortly after. I hope you'll have a lot of fun listening to the 11 songs submitted for this edition. Don't hesitate if you have any question!
Cheers!
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francophone instance
But, the community is hosted on lemmy.world, is lemmy.world francophone? 🤔 (Or you mean the original post?)
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Qt 6.9 is here! This release brings exciting innovations, enhanced graphics performance, and new platform capabilities to help you build exceptional applications.
Highlighted improvements in Qt 6.9 include:
* Qt Graphs: Interactive 2D panning, zooming, and dynamic 3D graph injection. Printing support now available!
* Qt Quick: GPU-accelerated SVG animations and Variable Rate Shading for improved graphics performance.
* Qt Quick Controls: New context menu support enhances desktop integration and user experience.
* XR Enhancements: Haptic feedback added for creating richter immersive virtual interactions.
Qt 6.9 is now available, highlighting emojis, Graphs, OIT, better OAuth2, and many more new improvements for application developers and device creators!Volker Hilsheimer (The Qt Company Oy)
cross-posted from: lemmy.ml/post/28018658
Qt 6.9 is here! This release brings exciting innovations, enhanced graphics performance, and new platform capabilities to help you build exceptional applications.Highlighted improvements in Qt 6.9 include:
* Qt Graphs: Interactive 2D panning, zooming, and dynamic 3D graph injection. Printing support now available!
* Qt Quick: GPU-accelerated SVG animations and Variable Rate Shading for improved graphics performance.
* Qt Quick Controls: New context menu support enhances desktop integration and user experience.
* XR Enhancements: Haptic feedback added for creating richter immersive virtual interactions.
Qt 6.9 is now available, highlighting emojis, Graphs, OIT, better OAuth2, and many more new improvements for application developers and device creators!Volker Hilsheimer (The Qt Company Oy)
Yeah new feature less bloat I guess
::: spoiler Tap for spoiler
Probably blocked by firefox focus because it might be a remote resource
:::
References: wayland/wayland-protocols!14GitLab
There has been discussions with-in the development circles regarding a potential integration of Web3 functionalities into the mainline kernel. Exploring the feasibility of incorporating features like decentralised application (dApp) support and smart contract execution directly into the kernel.
Early proposals suggest leveraging the NPUs in new processor families for secure on chain data validation within the kernel space. This means better fraud protection by validating signatures while booting up using the zk-SNARK cryptographic proof.
The developers at Linux Fundaytion notes that this plan requires extensive re-architecture of the codebase. They say that after this, Linux would only run supported systems with dedicated NPU and will simply refuse to boot on other systems, making a significant breakthrough in system security.
The timeline for the proposed changes have already been laid out. With chip manufactures already including dedicated NPUs, developers now have more freedom than ever. Linux communities have always welcomed Web3 technologies like NFT, dApp games etc. and with the kernel integration, Linux will be making a huge leap into the future. One developer put it aptly, "Imagine running my own ETH node directly within Linux kernel."
I have an x220, yes it is old but I prefer the keyboard and the repairability. Anyway, it has 1 x msata SSD (2TB Orico) and 1 x 2.5 inch SSD (2TB Samsung).
What I want:
What I managed to do:
System runs fine but is this a good idea in the long run?
Should I have it the other way? Root and swap and systems on faster 2.5inch SSD. Home in the smaller msata?
What about everything on the faster 2.5 drive, then use the slower msata for backups? Since I have 2TB, I'm thinking partition the msata into 2 so I can do: Timeshift backup on one, and Borg backup for my personal files on the other?
So I recently built a new computer to replace my 7 year old one but I have noticed a strange problem with it.
When I boot up the computer and use it as normal it sits around 8-10 GiB of ram in use plus about another 9 GiB committed.
But when I suspend the computer then un-suspend it later the in use ram starts creeping up even if I have less running than I did when I originally booted the computer.
Last time this happened it went from 10 GiB all the way up to about 43 GiB in the space of a few hours.
If I reboot then things go back to normal behavior.
Anyone have any ideas about what I could look for to fix it?
Specs:
xfwm is XFCE's window manager, and it's eating almost 30% of the total system memory, so that's the prime suspect (I'm not exactly sure how much it interacts with other apps, so it's possible something else is forcing xfwm to use all that memory, but that is IMHO unlikely).
An ugly "fix" is to log out and log back in (yes, not much better than just rebooting), or you could try to somehow restart xfwm - running xfvm --replace in terminal might work.
Edit: there's an issue on the Manjaro forums that might be related: forum.manjaro.org/t/xfwm4-memo…
Option --replace suggests that xfwm4 is replacing another window manager Option would be needed to run xfwm4 on another DE (e.g.Manjaro Linux Forum
Anubis provides protection against bots scraping websites and DDoSing projects.
This blog post is about Xe's reasoning for originally only providing docker packages and their work to provide native packages.
Especially if you want a UX as good as Docker images give you.xeiaso.net
There must be a tool that allows you to build packages for multiple systems in multiple formats (deb, rpm, nix, flatpak, snap, etc.). Does that not exist? After 20 years of these systems existing, somebody must've tried...
Also, it's clear that once again, open source needs some kind of funding model, because it's a little crazy that a project like this can get so popular so fast, the dev flooded with praise, thanks, and issues but not money to maintain and develop it.
a tool that allows you to build packages for multiple systems in multiple formats (deb, rpm, nix, flatpak, snap, etc.).
Given flatpaks and snaps are toxic, the other ones - deb, rpm, pkg - can be packaged relatively easily. It's all a separate effort with files and meta-info that doesn't often intersect, but it's manageable. It lends itself incredibly well to the trivial 'automation' that gitlab, forgejo and other major git suites provide.
Source: did this for the entirety I built and maintained a software suite for linux and unix, for like 15 years. I built some code, I packaged it. Because anything less isn't really ISO27002.
TL;DR - the 'tool' is a simple script and your brain. the biggest hurdle is the unknown itself and, once you get to it, the work can be pretty straightforward.
This is a more focused revision of a post I made a few months ago, with an aim to help with discovery across the fediverse.
:::spoiler List of various directory/index-style sites to help find people/communities of interest
Software overview
* Fediverse Party
Finding instances/software-agnostic
* FediDB
* Fediverse Observer
Microblog specific
* Fedi Directory
* Fediverse Info - Note: also includes Pixelfed people.
* Trunk
* Guppe Groups - Workaround to post to groups across microblogging sites, useful to push posts to remote instances.
Forum/link aggregator specific
* Lemmyverse
* !wowthislemmyexists@lemmy.ca
* !newcommunities@lemmy.world
* !communitypromo@lemmy.ca
* !lemmy411@lemmy.ca
Video/Streaming specific
* Sepia Search
* Owncast Directory
:::
Searching and Following methods
This will vary across software, and may change as it changes, so take note of when this was written (end of March 2025).
By default, ActivityPub sites don't know of other, remote sites. Any remote site stuff you're seeing is because somehow the site your on was made aware of the other's stuff. Typically this may be that a user learns of a remote site's stuff in some way and decides to follow from their home site by looking it up via their site's search then subscribing/following.
All of the above format-specific links I've provided above are means of finding some remote sites' stuff to follow on one's home site. Below are some additional tools and methods to further help when using some of these different sites.
:::spoiler Microblog Tools and Methods
Tools
* StreetPass for Mastodon - detects Mastodon accounts on websites visited.
* Graze for Mastodon - Firefox Add-on - enables remote instance interactions for when viewing another instance.
* Graze - Chrome Extension - for those using Chrome variants.
* Phanpy frontend for Mastodon - has a variety of features that may help find what the default interface doesn't help to find.
Methods
* On Mastodon: follow hashtags to surface other accounts you might want to follow.
* Also make use of its keyword/hashtag filters to cut down on the sorts of posts you don't want to see by going to account preferences, filters.
* On Misskey & forks: create custom feeds via the "antenna" feature by choosing keywords and hashtags to track while using the same to exclude/filter out posts with other keywords/hashtags.
* Also make use of its mute/block settings to cut down on the sorts of posts you don't want to see by going to settings, under other settings, mutes and blocks.
* Post with hashtags more to help others searching by or following them find your posts. Even if it's just someone else on your home instance, if they share (boost/repost) your post and they have remote followers, it may help increase your visibility across the network.
:::
:::spoiler Forum/link aggregator Tools and Methods
Tools
* Lemmyverse Communities
* Piefed Feeds - if you're not on Piefed, these may still be helpful for finding different communities by viewing a feed's collected communities.
* Quiblr frontend for Lemmy - a unique frontend with a privacy-respecting recommendation engine.
Methods
* Follow the aforementioned communities under Forum/link aggregator specific above, or ask in !lemmy411@lemmy.ca or !communitypromo@lemmy.ca about communities.
* On Piefed/Mbin sites, use the keyword filtering feature to filter out posts you're uninterested in.
* On Lemmy sites use clients (e.g. Interstellar - Mobile/Desktop, Thunder - Mobile, Voyager - Mobile/Web) that provide keyword filtering, as default UI lacks this useful feature.
* Browse Local or All with sort set to New to see if any unfamiliar communities show up that you may want to follow.
* Block communities/instances you're uninterested in to help improve potential communities of interest visibility as you browse.
:::
If you're aware of other resources, tools, or methods that I've not mentioned here, please mention them in the comments! There's undoubtedly more to add that I've not come across.
Download Graze for Mastodon for Firefox. Graze is 1-click follow, favorite, boost, bookmark, reply for Mastodon, no matter what instance you call home.addons.mozilla.org
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Wouldn't it be cool if these were built into their respective platforms!?
I think Sepia Search was actually integrated into PeerTube in the last update (7.1)
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flatpak does indeed deduplicate. The stuff is updated to whatever is required as a dependency to whatever programs are installed. And versions are shared between applications when versions match as well..
So I am guessing it is just like flatpak
SOLVED - "Allow screen tearing" was ON and caused this issue.
I have some constant stuttering on my current setup. Every 4-5 seconds, almost like a hiccup, I drop about 100 ms worth of frames.
Video:
picoshare.jau.nz/-VnpPP8z6xR
Full specs:
5600X
3080 Ti on 570.124.04
Nobara with KDE
Wayland
This has been persistent through several GPU driver updates and I'm tired of trying to troubleshoot it. I don't know what the exact cause is. Any ideas?
Also, related note, how easy is it to migrate from one distro to another? I am thinking about trying something else - maybe base Fedora or Arch - to hopefully have better performance.
FediForum is a virtual "unconference" that meets twice a year to showcase new developments, hold community discussions across a variety of important subjects, and give members of the wider Fediverse aSean Tilley (We Distribute)
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That's great. Since when and does everybody take psych 101?
And just to give a wider perspective (regardless of her origins), not every language makes the distinction and some up until recently did not. Look at the translations on (wiktionary). Many of them are transliterations of the English word. Which is not a surprise since the concept of gender is quite recent (1950-1960s) and was most likely very US-centric.
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rsync has a ton of options. any specific setup you'd recommend me?
EDIT: seems like rsync -av src/* dst is working for me
src/* will skip hidden files. You want rsync -avAXUNH src/ dst which copies contents of src into dst. Notice the trailing slash in src/. Without the slash, src is copied into dst so you end up with a src directory in dst. The AXUNH enables preserving more things. You might also add --delete if you’re updating the copy.
Aiming for a 10 year life-cycle for smartphonespostmarketOS
Can you guys recommend any female Youtubers?
I currently only have Bread on Penguins and Nixie Pixel hasn't posted any videos for years.
Basically title. I want to control a bare metal debian machine on a separate monitor (that always has this debian machine) from my windows gaming machine.
Edit: it's called Synergy and the apt package is called deskflow. I'll try it later and see if I can make it work.
Yea that's their new project they just "started funding". Synergy used to be open source and it went closed source 10? 15? years ago.
Since then several forks have existed. Most notably github.com/debauchee/barrier which died a few years ago and was forked to github.com/input-leap/input-le… which while getting plenty of updates, and merges from the other project.. never released a version for years. I think at that point synergy felt sorry for them and so they changed their repo name from synergy to deskflow github.com/deskflow/deskflow and now they have their open source version lol
I have to assume usage got so stagnant when close sourcing it (it's so insanely niche software, is it not?) that they felt the need to bring it alive again.
Open-source KVM software. Contribute to debauchee/barrier development by creating an account on GitHub.GitHub
And it's all down to an improved NTsync driver.
cross-posted from: lemmy.zip/post/35294960
And it's all down to an improved NTsync driver.
Couldn't find a dedicated community for distro recommendations, I hope it's ok to ask here.
A couple of years ago my wife and I built a computer and gave it to a friend's kid. We put ElementaryOS on it since that seemed pretty fool-proof, but it appears to require a re-install to upgrade major versions so it has been stuck with an old glibc and because of that he can't play Factorio.
For his 13:th birthday we bought him a SSD so it would be a good time to reinstall Linux, but is there perhaps some better choice than ElementaryOS? They live quite far away so I can't easily pop over to fix his computer if something breaks, we don't spend enough time there for me to teach him to fix things himself, and he doesn't seem very interested in learning how computers/operatings systems work either.
Kubuntu, the best of the two worlds: all Ubuntu repos + KDE
24.10 for better Wayland support.
Appimages for software, then winegui could be enough for gaming
Hii to all linux users, hope you can help me.
I updated my system a couple of days ago, pop os 24.04 LTS and wifi stoped working.
The problem is i dont have wire so wifi is only connection to the internet curently.
And i managed to lose it..
So i tryed to fix the problem by switching to older kernel but it didnt fix the problem unfortinetly.
I gave up and reinstalled whole system thinking it will fix it.
And since i do it i decided to try new cosmic alpha system.
So i downloaded that and i like it despite its not finished and it has bugs and missing features.
But that didnt fix my wifi problem! Its still not working.
I have two ssd-s, so on my main one 1TB i have linux and thats what im using, but on second one 500GB i have windows 10 for some games that doesnt work on linux.
So i was using that to download latest pop os and my wifi card works so its obviusly not dead or anything.
I plan to get wire but i have some drilling to do for that and i would like to fix wifi card before that if possinble.
Almost forgot, my wifi card is Asus pcie card, with two antenas, its red and wery beautifull.
Tryed to uploud picture of it but my acount is new so that wasnt possible.
I dont know exact model number but this one looks exactly like mine so meabu its that one.
Has anybody attempted to daily drive linux on their smartphone? like sailfish os, postmarket, librem, etc. I've been getting more interested in them as my pixel 4a is starting to look real old
How was it it? Were you able to run banking apps? battery life? experience with using CJK keyboards?
As far as I can tell, RCS messages are not supported anywhere, in addition to NFC payments (no surprise there). 5G seems also iffy
Was in the market for a new phone and was thinking of getting the latest Pine phone, and upon research, I found that like others have stated, it is more of a piece of kit to tinker with and not a daily driver. The OS is still being baked and at the current rate it might take a few years before it is as responsive and as useful as Android is day in, and day out. There is just no contest. Which was a bit disappointing as I actually though the OS was far more developed.
I do hope that progress is made, but, if you need a phone that works well, then stick with Android for now. Hardware on latest Pine is better than on the first phone but still Mid, at best, and it is not cheap for the hardware you get.
I realized that I haven't spent time on Pixelfed in a while, and that it would be great to find more content to add to my feed! So I logged in to my instance (social.photo) and then... hit a wall.
With Lemmy and Mastadon, it is super easy to peek at what is going on at other instances and find communities to subscribe to, but it looks like Pixelfed does not make this easy. The biggest issue I have run into is that many of the largest servers do not seem to let you explore what is on them unless you first create an account, and the main Pixelfed Server Directory at https://pixelfed.org/servers does not indicate which servers can be explored or not, so you have to click a few times (since the link takes you to the registration page) to even find this out for a given server. It also does not help that navigating to an instance does not show you the content for that instance, like it does for Lemmy or Mastadon, but for a login page that may or may not have an "Explore" tab at the top.
Am I missing something here? I just logged into Tumblr for the first time in years and my immediate next thought was, "Gee, I should be using Pixelfed instead!" But if in practice it is simply not possible to find content I am interested in without a great deal of hassle then it is not a realistic replacement. In particular, it seems like the way Pixelfed is set up requires me to register on particular instances to get a better view of what content is available (not just locally, but pulled in from other instances). This seems contrary to me to one of the biggest advantages of the Fediverse, which is that you are able and encouraged to pick an instance that best suits you rather than the one where all of the content lives; in particular I could not imagine self-hosting a Pixelfed instance without being left out of most of the content available.
And just to be clear, I am willing to put up with some degree of hassle resulting from the inherently decentralized model of the Fediverse, since I switched completely over to Lemmy from Reddit about a year and a half ago after the API fiasco (and the only reason why I do not use Mastadon more is because I was never that into Twitter-style content to begin with). But having to go out of my way to get through artificially constructed walls to even find content to subscribe is a bit much.
However, again, maybe I am missing here. If someone is willing to point me to a resource that solves this problem problem and makes this entire rant sound completely ignorant then that would be great! 😀
Edit: Fixed silly typo.
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Protoman64 doesn't like this.
Kind of surprised this is the take. Algorithms in general, just sorting by highest to lowest or whatever common problem that needs to be solved, aren't bad. "Algorithm" has become a dirty word mostly because of the stuff pushing short-form content over long-form content, outrage that generates engagement over something you would enjoy that doesn't enrage you enough to make you type fifty paragraphs and keep coming back to fight in the comments, etc. So I agree with the literal statement that algorithms aren't always bad.
But as for what you meant, I'm super surprised at all the people who want an algorithm to feed them content and aren't satisfied. I looked for the stuff I was interested in, subscribed, and am happy. When I run out of content I either log off and do something else or go seek out stuff I'm kind of interested in. In my most charitable possible assumption, people who want algorithms are probably a lot less suspectible to getting pulled in by outrage and scrolling all day, and just want to be able to discover cool stuff fast, and the algorithms somehow worked to show them the cool stuff. In my experience I had to strictly stick to my Home feed with just stuff I subscribed to on Reddit to not see outrage porn, could never poke my head into Popular or anything without seeing some outrage sub like r/noahgettheboat or /iamatotalpieceofshit. And then they started forcibly sorting my Home feed by Controversial… yep. Stopped regularly browsing there really fast.
I am just really wary of asking for algorithms back because I really don't want the Fediverse to become another place catered towards outrage porn for max engagement. I really want users to have options if this is implemented, so as not to force this algorithm on users like myself who like the "chronological order of stuff you purposely followed only" algorithm. And for that option to not be taken away from me in an effort to "drive growth!" and all that.
I don't want to refuse others a good thing just because it's not for me, but I also have been burned by social media algorithms that were once nice chronological, and later became catered towards outrage and showing you content you never signed up to see without having an option to switch back to chronological and opt out of having RandomInfluencerYouDontFollow in your feed. Looking at you, Instagram. I signed up with my elementary school classmates, liked chronological feed, liked having Explore just be friends of friends… I still only follow people I know in real life but now Explore is a bunch of controversial memes, people selling stuff, and influencers who want me to form a parasocial relationship with them. This is also what my feed turns to once I scroll past maybe 7 posts my friends made. Have not fully deleted but also haven't touched the app in months now.
I guess the real solution is giving people options and not taking them away because you decided to go public and need maximum eye-on-advertisement time. Hopefully Lemmy stays open source and different instances stay popular, so in case someone does try to take it public we can all flee to different servers and keep talking.
Chris DiBona https://bsky.app/profile/cdibona.bsky.socialROOST https://roost.tools, profile https://bsky.app/profile/roost.toolsATmosphereConf Seattle 2025 h...YouTube
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As my time with linux, I created a lot of scripts. Some of them have input parameters and sometimes I just forget this parameters.
So I wonder if there is some way to create autocomplete parameters, like i autocomplete a path by pressing the tab key?
For example a script. ./test.sh can be completed with parameter-one, eg. ./test.sh parameter-one or ./test.sh parameter-two. If i type now ./test.sh followed by tab it should add parameter-one if i press tab again it should change to parameter-two.
How can I do that? I'm on bash…
It took me a while to get around to this so I could sanitize some of the highly-personal stuff there (mostly just a bunch of URLs because I don't use browser bookmarks lol), but here's a condensed version of what I like to use Espanso for.
The second half is ...interesting. I wanted a way to autofill passwords from my password manager in any application, not just a browser. It's a very homebrewed solution, and it only works on Windows and Linux because macOS blocks tools like Espanso from viewing or modifying login input fields.
Did you put in a request for this?
For a Wayland Flatpak or RPM? I haven't looked in a long time, but I believe there's an open issue for a Wayland RPM.
Edit:
Found them: Flatpak issue and RPM issue.
Description I would like to improve support to the Red Hat distributions. Among the tasks: to have an RPM package to release in every new version of espanso. There has been some works, but to my kn...GitHub
There is a separate kernel which is being written entirely in rust from scratch that might interest you. I'm not sure if this is the main one github.com/asterinas/asterinas but it is the first one that came up when I searched.
By the tone of your post you might just want to watch the world burn in which case I'd raise an issue in that repo saying "Rewrite in C++ for compatibility with wider variety of CPU archs" ;)
Asterinas is a secure, fast, and general-purpose OS kernel, written in Rust and providing Linux-compatible ABI. - asterinas/asterinasGitHub
I'm of the opinion that a full rewrite in rust will eventually happen, but they need to be cautious and not risk alienating developers ala windows mobile so right now it's still done in pieces. I'm also aware that many of the devs who sharpened their teeth on the kernel C code like it as it is, resist all change, and this causes lots of arguments.
Looking at that link, I'm not liking the MPL.
Response to a recent claim that Ctrl+D in the terminal is like pressing Enter. It kind of is but it’s also misleading to say so without further explanation.
Linux Terminal: CTRL+D is like pressing ENTER
Honestly I had no idea what ctrl+d even did, I just knew it was a convenient way for me to close all the REPL programs I use. The fact that it is similar to pressing enter really surprised me, so I wanted to share this knowledge with you :)
Understanding the AppArmor user namespace restriction feature Ubuntu 23.10 and 24.04 LTS introduced new AppArmor-based features to reduce the attack surface presented by unprivileged user namespaces in the Linux kernel.Ubuntu Community Hub
I despise the way Canonical pretends discourse forum posts by their team members* are documentation.
I've noticed they have been a bit better lately, and have migrated much of the posts to their documentation, but it seems they are doing it again.
As this is developed, we will update this post to link to the new documentation and feature release notes.
Pro tip: You could have just made the documentation directly, with the content of this post. Or maybe a blog post. But please stop with the forum posts. They are very confusing for people not used to these... unique locations.
*Not that people are easily able to find this out when they don't give any indication that the forum post is something other than just another post by a rando. Actually, I'm just guessing here, based on the quoted reply, for all I know this could be a post by someone unrelated to Canonical. The account is 3 months, and the post itself is identical to a regular forum post from a regular forum member...
docs tag or similar and tag all these documentation like posts with it.
In our previous Foundations update @mclemenceau shared an update on some of the experiments we conducted during the Plucky Puffin cycle, in particular about our decision to revert the change to the -O3 optimization level by default on amd64.Ubuntu Community Hub
There are 4 core romes, no idea why anyone would buy one (think they keep most of the ddr and pcie links) but still.
dustinhome.se/product/50200334…
4 core Milan.
We are ecstatic to announce that we have released the first experimental version of Pidgin 3.0!!! This is a pre alpha release with an official version number of 2.90.0. We will continue releasing in this fashion until we are ready for 3.0.Instant Messaging Freedom's Discourse
Hello!
I am pleased to announce a new version of my CLI text processing with GNU awk ebook. This book will dive deep into field processing, show examples for filtering features, multiple file processing, how to construct solutions that depend on multiple records, how to compare records and fields between two or more files, how to identify duplicates while maintaining input order and so on. Regular expressions will also be discussed in detail.
To celebrate the new release, you can download the PDF/EPUB versions for free till 06-April-2025.
Or, you can read it online at learnbyexample.github.io/learn…
I would highly appreciate it if you'd let me know how you felt about this book. It could be anything from a simple thank you, pointing out a typo, mistakes in code snippets, which aspects of the book worked for you (or didn't!) and so on.
Happy learning :)
Terminal User Interface (TUI) apps. Contribute to learnbyexample/TUI-apps development by creating an account on GitHub.GitHub
Could someone perhaps explain the major use cases or give a real life example of a time you've needed to use awk? I've been using Linux casually for quite a long time now, and although I learned the basics of the tool, I can't recall having ever felt I had a need for it. If I want to glue a bunch of cli stuff together and need to do some text processing, it generally seems like it'd be easier to just use a simple python script.
Is it more for situations that need to be compatible with most *nix systems and you might not necessarily have access to a higher level scripting language?
Well, if you are comfortable with Python scripts, there's not much reason to switch to awk. Unless perhaps you are equating awk to Python as scripting languages instead of CLI usage (like grep, sed, cut, etc) as my ebook focuses on. For example, if you have space separated columns of data, awk '{print $2}' will give you just the second column (no need to write a script when a simple one-liner will do). This of course also allows you to integrate with shell features (like globs).
As a practical example, I use awk to filter and process particular entries from financial data (which is in csv format). Just a case of easily arriving at a solution in a single line of code (which I then save it for future use).
I manage some servers and awk can be useful to filter data. If you use commands like grep, and use the pipe operator (the " | " command), awk can be very handy.
Sure, a Python script can do that as well, but doing a one-liner in Bash is waaay faster to program.
Hey there I am another refugee from windows with the forced push to windows 11. I thought it was time I tried once again linux. So far I am pretty satisfied.
I installed Fedora with KDE and successfully migrated my syncthing server, sftp server. Correctly mounted my nft disks and successfully installed mullvad with all split tunneling I needed.
Now I need advices about 3 things which I sorely miss and which keep forcing me to boot on windows :
- is there any equivalent to macrium reflect, allowing to schedule weekly image backup for system disk. So it could be restored in case something really goes wrong.
My system disk is brtfs. Time machine looks nice but it's not working because I have no @home and @root volume identified. I found explanations which explain how to do it but I am not too sure it's a good idea to do so.
I also found rsync. Didn't explore enough this solution but I am not sure an image backup can be done if system is running ?
- for vscode it's easy and I got it running for my linux environment. Yet I have programs which are meant specifically to run on windows and so I can't develop and test them on linux
- at last for my work I need to be able to use excel. Libre office is not a solution, it's ok for basic usage but it's far behind if you're using it professionally. Please don't turn this about an arguments to say calc is good, really there is something that are just impossible with it. (Like using arrays, power query or data models)
For the last 2 points I feel like my only solution would be to use a virtual machine running windows. Is there a way to run them on it but make it looks like it's a linux app? Somewhat is it what docker is doing but for linux apps ?
Well I feel like I have not many options if I want excel and vscode on windows environment. So sadly I think that will settled it. Please share your thoughts.
I would also really appreciate people sharing what they do to backup their system disk.
Thanks for your advice !
I haven't found anything that is quite like Macrium. Mostly, because something that works the same way is a bad idea on linux. Because as you suspect, an image backup cannot be done while the partition being imaged is live.
Macrium creates restorable images of your entire boot partition or disk, as-is, which can then be restored onto the same, or an entirely different, disk.
This isn't really something you can do in linux, with a system that is live. Hence, partition images should be done offline, when the given partition isn't booted.
That said, everything that matters can be backed up simply by copying the relevant files. For this, I use Kopia.
As for making sure you always have a bootable system, for this I use Timeshift on btrfs.
For MS office, you might try winapps. Sounds like what you're hoping for.
Run Windows apps such as Microsoft Office/Adobe in Linux (Ubuntu/Fedora) and GNOME/KDE as if they were a part of the native OS, including Nautilus integration. Hard fork of https://github.com/Fmst...GitHub
Because as you suspect, an image backup cannot be done while the partition being imaged is live.
can't it, though?
macrium reflect's normal operation is to run when the ststem is running normally. it creates a volume shadowcopy of your filesystem, and backs that up. a BTRFS/ZFS snapshot is basically what a volume shadowcopy is on windows, but with a less fancy name. if you make a snapshot, you can back that up, either with zfs send, btrfs send, rsync, borg backup, whatever. the difference is that on linux it's not possible to notify programs that a snapshot will happen please sanitize your databases, while windows does that too, so if you restore on linux that's like if your computer crashed because power went off
sure, it can't be done with other filesystems, but OP said they have BTRFS. I think the boot partition can be safely imaged too: remount as read only and make a normal image.
Sure.
But there's no program that just creates a handy partition image. You'll have to get into the weeds of how your filesystem actually works.
Regarding Timeshift on btrfs, is the idea that Timeshift makes it easier to backup to a different disk versus using Snapper?
I'm also on btrfs and miss the wonders of Macrium Reflect. For now, in addition to Snapper, I've been using Clonezilla to make a disk image on occassion. I'm in the process of figuring out something like Vorta to replace that process.
I don't think there's any effective difference between timeshift and snapper. They're both essentially just GUIs for features supported by the underlying btrfs filesystem.
Timeshift backup to another disk, is just rsync.
I want to move a directory with a bunch of subdirectories and files. But I have the feeling there might be some symlinks to a few of them elsewhere on the file system. (As in the directory contains the targets of symlinks.)
How do I search all files for symlinks pointing to them?
Some combination of find, stat, ls, realpath, readlink and maybe xargs? I can't quite figure it out.
I think it's easier the other way round, find all symlinks and grep the directory you want to move from results.
Something like 'find /home/user -type -l -exec ls -l {} \; | grep yourdirectory' and work from there. I don't think there's an easy way to list which symlinks point to any actual file.
~~You want readlink -f rather than ls -l.~~ ++OK, actually not exactly. readlink won’t print path to the symlink so it’s not as straightforward.++
Also, you want + in find ... -exec ... + rather than ;.
At this point I feel committed to making readlink work. ;) Here’s the
script you want:
\#!/bin/sh
want=$1
shift
readlink -f -- "$@" | while read got; do
if [ "$got" = "$want" ]; then
echo "$1"
fi
shift
donefind ~ -type l -exec /bin/sh /path/to/the/script /path/to/target/dir {} +
find / -lname '/path/you/are/looking/for/*'
Note that the -lname option is a GNU find extension and may not work with other find implementations.
So I want to type in my native language, and the easiest tool i know of is this:
It's not available offline for Linux though.
I have tried running some windows executable from archive.org under wine, this didn't work. I also tried some random alternative (Varnam), but it was way too complex of a setup for me. (It kept telling me to compile libraries, and none of it worked in the end)
I want something that can take in english character input and turn it into proper devnagari typeface. If I type in "namaste", it has to come out as नमस्ते. And It has to be Offline.
I haven't found anything that fits to all these categories
Turns out Google Input is my best bet. Is there a way I can get it working?
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Hey all.
I've booted Linux Mint Debian Edition and Arch on to a couple old machines including my old laptops. The performance is still rather brutal because these machines are so old and their battery lives are rough. They are also bulky and uncomfortable to carry around.
So, I've been thinking about getting a more modern laptop and putting Linux on it but I've been out of the laptop market for so long now I have no idea what's good and what's not anymore. Any recommendations?
I think I've heard decent things about Chromebooks but how's the hardware of those? Are they relatively locked down and don't play nice with Linux? I'm just looking for a machine for daily use (browser, light coding, remote connecting to my desktop for heavier stuff)
Thanks in advance
EDIT: Thank you to everyone for responding, I did not expect so much discussion! I've certainly changed my mind on Chromebooks and will look into the options recommended below in the coming months. Thanks!
Linux Hardware, Notebooks, Computer und mehr. Individuell in Deutschland gefertigt, vollständig Linux tauglich, Windows natürlich auchwww.tuxedocomputers.com
Gonna have to anti-recommend tuxedo unfortunately. Never had a "Linux" laptop before and never had any issues, but two of the newest Infinitybooks have a number of issues with fan control, clock sometimes stuck at 800MHz, weird-ass Ethernet NIC with no upstreamed drivers and so on. It's like a trip to 15 years ago in terms of weird little issues popping up every now and the .
The tuxedo kernel modules are a mess and not currently upstreamable, their interfaces are inconsistent across lineups/generations which they solve by building a unified Electron monstrosity "control center" on top.
The idea is nice but any mainstream manufacturer works pretty well these days, and the Schenker laptops with tuxedo software not up to par :/
I 100% agree. Whenever these companies start with their own projects I immediately get suspicious that their goal is to enshittify down the line with vendor lock-in.
The only reasons why I'm seriously considering a Tuxedo are 1. European brand and 2. Double SSD.
Not a lot of laptops seem to be offering double SSD while being Linux compatible, so my hands are kinda tied.
My primary needs were a big HiDPI screen, lots of memory, good CPU and it meets all of those. The only other devices meeting those are the high end ThinkPads that are no doubt nicer, but also double the price sooo it's all good.
But someone who buys primarily for great Linux support might be disappointed.
I also have to say I haven't spent much time investigating the issues I faced for time reasons, maybe some of them can be fixed easily.
I've been enjoying my Thinkpad E16 1st gen AMD on Debian 12. You do have to run a newer kernel to get it working. I ran into a bit of Wi-Fi trouble because I accidentally got a Realtek model, but I've long since fixed the issue entirely - I've posted the solution elsewhere here.
On another note, maybe we should just have a yearly hardware recommendations post pinned on this forum - it feels like we get a question like this every week or so and they sort of clutter the forum, no offense intended to OP.
Edit: Here's my Linux Hardware probe from when I first got the laptop linux-hardware.org/?probe=1e50…
A database of all the hardware that works under linuxlinux-hardware.org
DNS, the Domain Name System, is the internet’s phonebook. You type google.com, DNS looks it up and tells you the actual numerical IP address, like 172.217.160.142. Simple, right? Enter DNSSEC (DNS…Sebastian Carlos (Medium)
I'm moderately experienced with linux. Been using it as my daily driver since 2018. Mostly using Fedora but also have a Debian server. I'm pretty comfortable with systemd but don't love the bloat.
Anyway, I've decided that I'd like to try Arch. So I'm looking for tutorials to help me learn or get familiar with Arch instead of just diving in head first like a madlad.
So what Arch tutorials do you like and are there any that you'd recommend that I watch?
Edit: lmao you guys are brutal. yeah i know about the arch wiki, rtfm and all that. I know i'll be spending a lot of time with the wiki. I just wanted to get a rough intro first. Well, I guess I'm off to read the fkin wiki now.
As others said, the Arch wiki is so well made that it should be the only source you need. Videos will not bring you anything given your background. The main difference with other distros will be the package manager.
A video about the install process will just be someone reading the wiki to you, and a video to "explain" pacman to you will be overkill ;)
I know Gnome is the default on popular distros: Fedora, Ubuntu, Rhel, Pop OS (it's Cosmic Desktop yes but it is still based on Gnome)...etc. But Gnome just doesnt work for me. I would pick XFCE - stable and no BS.
Before Manjaro and their cetificate shenanigan, I used to use their XFCE version. At the time, it was marketed as the "Flagship Manjaro version". I went 4 years without any problems and I did tinker a lot, just couldnt get their XFCE to break.
After a tough Arch or Gentoo installs, I just want to put XFCE on and call it a day.
What about you guys?
Lol, yep. It's always funny to see xfce as being light weight.
Is this where I continue the meme and say I use arch by the way?
On the other hand KDE discover... Yikes. The software manager uses as much memory as XFCE.
Out of 120+ benchmarks run on Ubuntu 24.10 vs.www.phoronix.com
I have been using KDE for a while, while I like many features I am looking for suggestions to the default email client:
Kmail - completely unusable for me and the only one which could maybe be integrated with kontacts, it could not receive mails from IMAP or pop or would receive only sometimes
Geary - good but too minimal, I need at least some kind of contact list and mailing lists feature, maybe this integrates with gnome contacts? I couldn't find anything in settings
I have no idea if Betterbird is actually better than regular Thunderbird, but I use that cause people said so and I read about it a bit. If it does die I guess I'll switch to Thunderbird, just a little cautious about Mozilla after the privacy policy fiasco.
Betterbird is in flathub too which is great for newbies like me.
🔥 Support The Channel Get Zorin OS Pro here: https://zorin.com/linuxrenaissance Like, comment, and share to support more content! 📝 Quick Summary of the Video Zorin OS 17.3 is here, bringing a refi...PeerTube.wtf
Sadly no, according to their wiki:
Mac computers with Apple silicon processors are not currently capable of running Zorin OS natively. However, you may be able to use an app called UTM to run Zorin OS in a virtual machine on Mac computers with Apple silicon processors.
Find out if your computer is capable of running Zorin OS and which edition is better suited for your computer.Zorin Group (Zorin Help)
Running x86_64 emulation on an ARM CPU is a miserable experience and should be avoided. I've done this on an M-series Mac with UTM, and you're looking at ~10-minute boot times just to get the VM booted, and ~3 minutes for it to render a response to whatever you click.
It's honestly wild that they seriously suggest doing this on their Wiki.
I'm trying, and struggling a little bit with getting the three items in the title setup the way that I want.
Running Arch.
I would like to run Radarr, Sonarr and SABnzbd all under the same user/group. My reasoning is that I (am just being overly particular) want any of the files created by those services to fall under the same owner/group. This is easy enough to accomplish by running systemctl edit service.service and adding the appropriate lines in the configuration for each one and saving it so the services run using the specified user/group.
The issue that I'm having is that the correlating folders in /var/lib/ have the ownership of the original users. I can manually change that ownership to the user/group I want but if I reboot the computer the SABnzbd folder ownership reverts back to default (the other two were doing the same thing but suddenly stopped and I'm not 100% sure why) or if the services get updated, the folders will also revert back to their default user/group.
Is there a way for me to enforce the ownership of those folders to the user/group that I have set to run the services regardless of them getting updated or the machine rebooting?
Interesting, was there anything in particular that you did with the services other than editing the service to run as those particular users?
Side note, I just tried to chown the sabnzbd folder and everything inside updated but the main folder itself refuses to change. Even after stopping the service.
Edit: scratch that. I closed and re-opened Dolphin and checked the properties of the folder and now it's showing correctly.
I just vi the systemd/system/fancyname.service files father than use systemd edit, but I think the result is the same.
There are two configs you can add to the [service] directive:
user=someuser
This should allow you to run the service under the credentials of your choosing.
Remember to systemctl daemon-reload after making changes to unit files.
Background: I am a lifelong Windows user who is planning to move to Linux in October, once Microsoft drops support for Windows 10. I use a particularly bad laptop (Intel Celeron N3060, 4 GB DDR3 RAM, 64 GB eMMC storage).
I do have some degree of terminal experience in Windows, but I would not count on it. If there are defaults that are sensible enough, I'd appreciate it. I can also configure through mouse-based text editors, as long as there is reliable, concise documentation on that app.
So, here's what I want in a distro and desktop environment:
- Easy to install, maintain (graphical installation and, preferably, package management too + auto-updating for non-critical applications)
- Lightwight and snappy (around 800 MB idle RAM usage, 10-16 GB storage usage in a base install)
- Secure (using Wayland, granular GUI-based permission control)
I have narrowed down the distributions and desktop environments that seem promising, but want y'all's opinions on them.
Distributions:
- Linux Mint Xfce: Easy to install, not prone to randomly break (problems: high OOTB storage usage, RAM consumption seems a little too high, kind of outdated packages, not on Wayland yet)
- Fedora: Secure, the main DEs use Wayland (problems: similar to above except for the outdated packages; also hard to install and maintain, from what I have heard)
- antiX Linux (problems: outdated packages, no Wayland)
Desktop Environments:
- Xfce: Lightweight, fast, seems like it'd work how I want (problems: not on Wayland yet, that's it)
- labwc + other Wayland stuff: Lightweight, fast, secure (problems: likely harder to install, especially since I have no Linux terminal experience, cannot configure through a GUI)
In advance, I thank you all for helping me!
I appreciate any help, especially in things like:
- Neofetch screenshots, to showcase idle RAM usage on some DEs
- Experiences with some distributions
Fedora LXQt provides a lightweight, well-integrated LXQt desktop environment. In addition to LXQt itself it provides a small, well selected collection of applications like the Falkon browser, which combines Chromium's rendering engine with a nice Qt …fedoraproject.org
Edit 2: Through all of my shenanigans I ended up on a read-only snapshot for root. The error I got just seemed similar to previous out-of-space errors. I went to a later snapshot as default and everything is working great!
My OpenSUSE Tumbleweed is wonky since I last did a dist-upgrade with about 4000 packages. Midway through it errord out with an error that indicated that the filesystem was full althou df showed plenty of free space.
BTRFS seemed to be the culprit. Removing snapshots let me continue the upgrade until it errored out again. Rinse and repeat until it was done.
Edit: My root subvolume is read only. So there must be some error in that. The other subvolumes work correctly. So I guess it isn't about free space after all.
But now the BTRFS seems to be almost full and I cannot update anymore.
...
Checking for file conflicts: .....................[done]error: can't create transaction lock on /usr/lib/sysimage/rpm/.rpm.lock (Read-only file system) ( 1/40) Removing: ovpn-dco-kmp-default-0.2.202412[error]Removal of (76899)ovpn-dco-kmp-default-0.2.20241216~git0.a08b2fd_k6.13.7_1-2.2.x86_64(@System) failed: Error: Subprocess failed. Error: RPM failed: Command exited with status 1. Abort, retry, ignore? [a/r/i] (a): Problem occurred during or after installation or removal of packages: Installation has been aborted as directed. Please see the above error message for a hint.# snapper list
# │ Type │ Pre # │ Date │ User │ Used Space │ Cleanup │ Description │ Userdata ─────┼────────┼───────┼──────────────────────────────────┼──────┼────────────┼─────────┼───────────────────────┼───────────── 0 │ single │ │ │ root │ │ │ current │ 1 │ single │ │ Thu 18 Apr 2024 05:58:31 PM CEST │ root │ 12.51 GiB │ number │ first root filesystem │365* │ pre │ │ Wed 26 Mar 2025 04:28:33 PM CET │ root │ 16.00 KiB │ number │ zypp(zypper) │ important=no 366 │ pre │ │ Wed 26 Mar 2025 07:28:09 PM CET │ root │ 16.00 KiB │ number │ zypp(zypper) │ important=no 367 │ pre │ │ Wed 26 Mar 2025 07:36:53 PM CET │ root │ 16.00 KiB │ number │ zypp(zypper) │ important=no# snapper rm 1
Deleting snapshot failed.# snapper rm 365
Cannot delete snapshot 365 since it is the currently mounted snapshot.# btrfs filesystem usage /
Overall: Device size: 476.44GiB Device allocated: 389.06GiB Device unallocated: 87.37GiB Device missing: 0.00B Device slack: 3.50KiB Used: 382.53GiB Free (estimated): 90.80GiB (min: 47.12GiB) Free (statfs, df): 90.80GiB Data ratio: 1.00 Metadata ratio: 2.00 Global reserve: 512.00MiB (used: 0.00B) Multiple profiles: no Data,single: Size:381.00GiB, Used:377.57GiB (99.10%) /dev/mapper/cr_root 381.00GiB Metadata,DUP: Size:4.00GiB, Used:2.48GiB (61.97%) /dev/mapper/cr_root 8.00GiB System,DUP: Size:32.00MiB, Used:80.00KiB (0.24%) /dev/mapper/cr_root 64.00MiB Unallocated: /dev/mapper/cr_root 87.37GiB# btrfs qgroup show /
Qgroupid Referenced Exclusive Path -------- ---------- --------- ---- 0/5 16.00KiB 16.00KiB <toplevel> 0/256 16.00KiB 16.00KiB @ 0/257 14.25GiB 14.25GiB @/var 0/258 16.00KiB 16.00KiB @/usr/local 0/259 16.00KiB 16.00KiB @/srv 0/260 54.32MiB 54.32MiB @/root 0/261 24.09GiB 24.09GiB @/opt 0/262 289.02GiB 288.95GiB @/home 0/263 16.00KiB 16.00KiB @/boot/grub2/x86_64-efi 0/264 16.00KiB 16.00KiB @/boot/grub2/i386-pc 0/265 16.00KiB 16.00KiB @/.snapshots 0/266 24.00GiB 12.51GiB @/.snapshots/1/snapshot 0/473 16.00GiB 16.00GiB @/.snapshots/1/snapshot/swap 0/657 23.68GiB 16.00KiB @/.snapshots/365/snapshot 0/661 23.68GiB 16.00KiB @/.snapshots/366/snapshot 0/662 23.68GiB 16.00KiB @/.snapshots/367/snapshot 1/0 36.19GiB 36.12GiB <0 member qgroups>
/boot/efi and one for the rest.
This is still a work-in-progress and was mostly made for fun. All it does is read from a list of files in ~/.config/rblx_launcher/ and display them to be clicked, launching xdg-open with the placeId.
The files (friends.txt and games.txt) are formatted like so:
Name
ID
%
same applies to you and now me too: "You could’ve just downvoted and moved on with your day."
why didn't we do that?
Tolerance is a social contract. OP broke that contract by writing a ridiculously calous, mean spirited comment, and is no longer entitled to tolerance.
Tolerance the way you're describing is how Nazi's gain a platform. We don't have to be tolerant of intolerant people. Just think about all the ways that could break society.
The performance you're dealing with here is in the tens of milliseconds possibly hundreds if you're lucky. Anyone seriously pursuing this issue from the angle of performance genuinely doesn't understand the deep rooted issues here.
If you're so incredibly hard up for compute time that it's critical for you to squeeze out the extra 1/10 of a second from your system utilities then you need to shut your fucking computer down and go touch grass.
I mean even if this saves you 30 seconds a day 50 weeks a year 5 days a week that's 2 hours per year it's saving you.... I'd rather slow fuck the two hours and get an extra 2 hours of pay.
I just found this out recently. So this isn't actually Nautilus itself but it's the file previewer (Gnome Sushi) that comes with it. If you select a file and press the spacebar, it will automatically preview the file if it supported. If the file is an audio file, it will automatically fetch album art from the web, and if the file is an HTML file, it can make third-party requests. IMHO this is a huge privacy issue. For example if you were browsing the web using Tor Browser and saved a page to view offline, and then later accidentally opened it using the file previewer, any third-party requests will leak out the clearnet.
This is an open issue and I don't expect it to be fixed anytime soon, so the easiest solution is to simply uninstall Gnome Sushi (on Fedora, it is the sushi package). On atomic distros if Gnome Sushi is installed as a flatpak you might be able to revoke internet permissions for it using Flatseal, though I have not tested this.
Edit: I'm aware that KDE also has file previewers, but I'm not sure if they have the same issue. If anybody else knows please leave a comment letting us know
Music album art appears to be pulled from remote locations, without any warning or ability to disable. It could be considered a privacy issue, since it likely requests...GitLab
I have some desktops (the tower kind) lying around and I'm wondering if there's a way that I can connect them all to one display and combine their computational power or at least make them all accessible in one place. I want to get into server hosting but only have one monitor. They're currently running LMDE.
Any ideas?
You don't need to connect them to a display. Give them power and network, and access them remotely via ssh (or graphical protocol if you really want to, but unless you specifically want to run interactive GUIs there's not much point).
As for combining their power... it depends on what kind of work you want to do.
I'm talking about this patch:
dwm.suckless.org/patches/autos…
Now, the notes seem simple: after apply the patch, dwm will look for the autostart script in ~/.dwm/autostart.sh.
But if you read it carefully, the file is:
~/.dwm/autostart.sh &
Wth does a "&" have to do with file name? I tried to just use the normal file: autostart.sh with exec dunst. It doesnt work..
I tried to create in the Thunar this weird file name, "autostop.sh &". The system does not recognize it as sh script anymore. .
Any help is welcome.
The & is an indicator to most shells to run this command in "the background". Try and run ( sleep 10; echo hi ) & - you'll see you get your shell prompt back, where you can run more commands, but 10 second later you'll see that 'hi' come through. 'blocking' is the default behavior, if you don't add the & you're still going get the hi in ten seconds, but you don't get a prompt because your shell's execution is blocked until your command is done.
The doc here is indicating that you havea choice between autostart_blocking.sh and autostart.sh, the latter of which would be run with a &. They could have expressed this better.
As for why your script didn't work, I'd try executing it in a terminal to see what error message comes up.
i see, so the file names are: autostart_blocking.sh and autostart.sh
I dont need to create a weird file name like: autostart.sh &
But, whichever command I put in autostart.sh will run as if I run in terminal with the & sign. E.g: dunst & to run in the background.
But, whichever command I put inautostart.shwill run as if I run in terminal with the&sign. E.g:dunst &to run in the background.
Well, only if it's one single command, if you have multiple commands inside of the script, they will still run sequentially (the next command will only run after the previous one completely closes) unless you add & to them as well.
The difference is that dwm itself will not have to wait for the autostart.sh to complete before launching itself (thanks to it being run in the background with &)
However, autostart_blocking.sh (which isn't run with a &) will stop dwm from fully launching until the script completes.. I guess this is useful if you need certain things to be set up before dwm actually starts.. but it would potentially add a delay on dwm startup.
usually prefer headless servers and only 1 PC with many screens connected to it.autostart.sh file needs to be executable. This might be why it's not working.
Im following the handbook, and I'm up to configuring the kernel. (In a vm. Skipping the optional installing firmware/microcode for now)
Trying for an OpenRC system, but it looks like all the steps need systemd.
All the videos I watched seems to skip this step and just go to Kernel configuration and compilation, but I dont want to a) mix old videos and up-to-date handbook, and b) blindly copy commands.
I understood mostly everything untill now. Just this kernel step where I got lost the first time I tried to install gentoo.
Around 2.1
Systemd boot, OpenRC, then systemd-utils
I should probably bring up this will be my first non-systemd distro. (Maybe I should have looked at Artix first. But too late)
So if you want to use systemd-boot as the bootloader you have to (apparently) install the systemd-utils package. Or you can just use GRUB / efistub.
Edit: looks like groche beat me to it 😁
It's probably been 4 years since I last had to rebuild my Gentoo, but I would be very surprised if there weren't good OpenRC instructions. I built mine with systemd and Gentoo handbook instructions always felt like 'Are you sure you don't want to use OpenRC? Ok, here are the systemd steps I guess'
Within section 2.1 choose only one subsection to follow. Those are all alternative bootloader options.
The bootloader subsection chosen in 2.1 on this page should match what is done in Configuring the Bootloader. The default path on that page is GRUB, which does not require any systemd components.
If following the GRUB path, follow instructions in 2.1.1 and skip the rest of 2.1. This is not at all clear in the handbook.
I believe that sys-kernel/installkernel is a utility script internal to the Gentoo project that can be configured to work with various bootloader solutions, including (optionally) systemd, and that is what this section 2.1 is talking about.
This appears to be an out of order dependency in the handbook
Linux Kernel 6.14 has arrived, bringing a clutch of changes to make your computer run more efficiently and more securely than before. Interestingly, Linux 6.14 is one the smallest kernel updates in...Joey Sneddon (OMG! Ubuntu!)
Linux kernel 6.14 has arrived today, and a day later than it was expected. As usual there's lots new from supported hardware to various improvements.Liam Dawe (GamingOnLinux)
esync = alpha version
fsync = beta version
ntsync = final release
Ntsync got rid of performance degradation that can occur with some games under esync and fsync and that’s the why it's allowed to go in the mainline kernel, it has no downside.
fsync isn't faster than ntsync, it's merely a workaround to match Linux to Windows synchronization primitives. From ntsync's official description:
It exists because implementation in user-space, using existing tools, cannot match Windows performance while offering accurate semantics.
So without this, you either have a huge perfomance hit in case of an accurate implementation or you have good performance, but might run into edge cases where software doesn't work well or at all because it's not accurate (see github.com/ValveSoftware/Proto… for examples)
If you can reproduce a crash or performance regression with Proton 4.11 that consistently goes away with PROTON_NO_FSYNC=1, please post it here.GitHub
I don't think his statement is true though. If reddit.com/r/linux_gaming/comm… is not manipulated in any way, games with lots of these calls still get big improvements with ntsync over fsync (about 30% in this particular case, which is a massive boost). So while nobody can rule out that his statement may be true on average or in general, there are still cases where ntsync offers a tangible advantage – be it improved FPS or the fact that the game runs at all.
Edit: in the video that the thread is about, fsync didn't beat ntsync in a single one (or I missed it when jumping through it). In the best one, they were exactly tied. Sure, the difference wasn't really big, but again there are titles not working with fsync.
However, I want to stress that I'm not trying to talk about fsync. It's a good solution that significantly improved performance. But ntsync is, from everything I've seen, almost always better; how much depends on the case, and it never seems to be worse.
And by burned, I mean "realize they have been burning for over a year". I'm referring to a bug in the Tor Browser flatpak that prevented the launcher from updating the actual browser, despite the launcher itself updating every week or so. The fix requires manual intervention, and this was never communicated to users. The browser itself also doesn't alert the user that it is outdated. The only reason I found out today was because the NoScript extension broke due to the browser being so old.
To make matters worse, the outdated version of the browser that I had, differs from the outdated version reported in the Github thread. In other words, if you were hoping that at least everybody affected by the bug would be stuck at the same version (and thus have the same fingerprint), that doesn't seem to be the case.
This is an extreme fingerprinting vulnerability. In fact I checked my fingerprint on multiple websites, and I had a unique fingerprint even with javascript disabled. So in other words, despite following the best privacy and security advice of:
My online habits have been tracked for over a year. Even if Duckduckgo or Startpage doesn't fingerprint users, Reddit sure does (to detect ban evasions, etc), and we all know 90% of searches lead to Reddit, and that Reddit sells data to Google. So I have been browsing the web for over a year with a false sense of security, all the while most of my browsing was linked to a single identity, and that much data is more than enough to link it to my real identity.
How was I supposed to catch this? Manually check the About page of my browser to make sure the number keeps incrementing? Browse the Github issue tracker before bed? Is all this privacy and security advice actually good, or does it just give people a false sense of security, when in reality the software isn't maintained enough for those recommendations to make a difference? Sorry for the rant, it's just all so tiring.
Edit: I want to clarify that this is not an attack on the lone dev maintaining the Tor Browser flatpak. They mention in the issue that they were fairly busy last year. I just wanted to know how other people handled this issue.
Update: I just noticed that based on this comment, the flatpak was only verified by Tor Project after this particular issue had been fixed. So perhaps I should have waited before installing the flatpak. Sigh...
The expiration on March 14 2025 of a root certificate can cause breakages Tor Browser version 13.0 and below. Users should updgrade immediately.blog.torproject.org
cross-posted from: futurology.today/post/4000823
And by burned, I mean "realize they have been burning for over a year". I'm referring to a bug in the Tor Browser flatpak that prevented the launcher from updating the actual browser, despite the launcher itself updating every week or so. The fix requires manual intervention, and this was never communicated to users. The browser itself also doesn't alert the user that it is outdated. The only reason I found out today was because the NoScript extension broke due to the browser being so old.To make matters worse, the outdated version of the browser that I had, differs from the outdated version reported in the Github thread. In other words, if you were hoping that at least everybody affected by the bug would be stuck at the same version (and thus have the same fingerprint), that doesn't seem to be the case.
This is an extreme fingerprinting vulnerability. In fact I checked my fingerprint on multiple websites, and I had a unique fingerprint even with javascript disabled. So in other words, despite following the best privacy and security advice of:
- using Tor Browser
- disabling javascript
- keeping software updated
My online habits have been tracked for over a year. Even if Duckduckgo or Startpage doesn't fingerprint users, Reddit sure does (to detect ban evasions, etc), and we all know 90% of searches lead to Reddit, and that Reddit sells data to Google. So I have been browsing the web for over a year with a false sense of security, all the while most of my browsing was linked to a single identity, and that much data is more than enough to link it to my real identity.
How was I supposed to catch this? Manually check the About page of my browser to make sure the number keeps incrementing? Browse the Github issue tracker before bed? Is all this privacy and security advice actually good, or does it just give people a false sense of security, when in reality the software isn't maintained enough for those recommendations to make a difference? Sorry for the rant, it's just all so tiring.
Edit: I want to clarify that this is not an attack on the lone dev maintaining the Tor Browser flatpak. They mention in the issue that they were fairly busy last year. I just wanted to know how other people handled this issue.
The expiration on March 14 2025 of a root certificate can cause breakages Tor Browser version 13.0 and below. Users should updgrade immediately.blog.torproject.org
So the notification that is in the browser that directs you to update it wasn't enough? Because that totally works with the flatpak version of tor, because all the flatpak version of tor does is download a copy of the browser to your home directory and run it. There's a little notification dot on the hamburger menu of tor that directs you to the about page where you can download and update.
Because that's what I've been doing.
Before the Tor Browser would just update normally together when a new update dropped and in settings you could fine an update search button said button is now missing in the torbrowser launched by ...GitHub
This is not a troll post. I'm genuinely confused as to why SELinux gets so much of hate. I have to say, I feel that it's a fairly robust system. The times when I had issues with it, I created a custom policy in the relevant directory and things were fixed. Maybe a couple of modules here and there at the most. It took me about 15 minutes max to figure out what permissions were being blocked and copy the commands from. Red Hat's guide.
So yeah, why do we hate SELinux?
Hey folks, thanks for all of your recommendations for distros a while back. I ended up settling on Fedora KDE, and have been futzing around with it on my old laptop just for funsies.
I've re-encountered an old problem though. The laptop's Caps Lock and F1 keys are busted, sending in dozens of keypresses per second even when unpressed. I solved this on windows with a bit of a headache (using a program to disable those keys), but I have no idea how to solve it in this environment. I've tried futzing with keyd with little success, and my search powers are really failing me here.
Any advice?
Let's say I want to build a GPS module for my car, which is only a GPS, doesn't hold anything else.
Or a recipe tablet for my kitchen which only hold a recipe app.
Is this kind of purposes common? What would be the best way to do this kind of stuff? How do I choose the hardware? How do I "lockdown" certain aspects I don't need about software?
These kind of devices could be convenient because, by only holding what's needed, they would use less resources, they would be completely distraction free and they would be suitable to be used by non tech savy user which would need to use only one or two programs without messing with the system in any way.
I know KDE ha some kind of multi app kiosk settings, GNOME also can achieve something similar tho it's more confusing.. There are some kiosk distros which only give you a browser. But I don't see anything that can be set up, customized, and locked like that.
But would that be the best way of achieving something like that? I mean to use a GPS I don't need a terminal, nor video codecs, nor a browser.. Maybe I can add the possibility to send Osmand google maps links.. Or I can decide to make it hold Spotify too to make it a radio as well.. But a full distro would be wasted!
But how do I prevent every other use except the intended ones? Is there an easy way to achieve a "one purpose device" using Linux? Should I simply use whichever distro I like and uninstall everything which is not needed (I see use case for arch)?
I feel like we have the total freedom of Linux distros on one side, and companies using managed devices on the other by setting complicated policies, but I don't know any options in between!
Maybe the focus here is the desktop environment more than distros! Are there desktop environment purposed to give the user a set of limited apps, or a single app (which isn't only a browser)?
Optimised | Simplified | For everyone - Backed by community, DietPi is a minimal OS image for SBCs - Raspberry Pi, Odroid, PINE64 etc. Install software optimised for you!DietPi
Small tangent, I didn't have the energy to read your whole post, so you might have addressed that. But often it's cheaper to go with an established multi purpose device instead of building something new.
I used to build and sell Raspberry Pi gaming handhelds that were as cheap as possible and literally just held together by some string. My purpose was to get enough money through the sales to be able to build one for myself. Sure, the building process was fun. But when I crunched the numbers just buying a cheap smartphone and controller was much cheaper and more performant and versatile than the self-built solution.
Just buying a cheap phone or tablet is often the cheaper solution.
Heck, even Valve just bought off the shelve tablet displays and turned the image in software for the Steam Deck.
At first I was sceptical, but after a few thought, I came to the solution that, if uutils can do the same stuff, is/stays actively maintained and more secure/safe (like memory bugs), this is a good change.
What are your thoughts abouth this?
This is one of the old-time original arguments in the OSS community.
The crux of the matter is that the GNU licenses require that modifications be released back to the community. Other "more permissible" licenses like MIT do not.
So if you want to make a commercial version of X, and X is under a GPL, then any changes you make need to be released under the GPL. The idea being "I shared this code with the community with the intent that you can use it for free and modify it as you like, but you need to share back what you do." Also called "Share and share alike".
This defends against "embrace, extend, extinguish" tactics that companies like Microsoft has loved to do. They can't take your code, modify it for their own purposes and re-sell it possibly making a more popular version that is now proprietary.
Somewhat ironic example.
X (Xorg) has been MT licensed for 40 years. So is Wayland. So is Mesa.
I think Xorg is a good example of the real world risks for something like core utils. If you did not know or care until now that X and Wayland were MIT licensed, you probably do not need to care too much about utils licensing either.
In short, sell me on ufw.
I learned recently that yfw is basically replacing iptables "everywhere", and as I'm getting old and crusty, this means that I have to learn something new when I'd much rather practice yelling at kids to get off my lawn.
To me, iptables is fine, and I like its flexibility. I've been using it ever since it de facto replaced ipchains, so ease of use isn'treally a factor in this equation.
So my more pointed question is: Can I just stick to iptables, or am I missing out on something that can only be done with ufw?
These days it's a frontend for nftables. iptables is a legacy system that's eventually going to be removed (just like ipchains before it).
On modern systems, iptables is a wrapper around nftables. So you're essentially using nftables except without the ability to use any of its more powerful features.
For me, my personal projects are generally MIT licensed. I generally don't like "restrictions" on licenses, even if those "restrictions" are requiring others to provide their source and I want as many people to use my projects as possible, I don't like to restrict who uses it, even if it's just small/home businesses who don't want to publish the updated source code. Although, I admit, I'm not a huge fan of large corporations potentially using my code to generate a profit and do evil things with it, but I also think that's not going to be very common versus the amount of use others could get from it by having it using MIT who might not be able to use it otherwise with AGPL.
With that said, though, I have been starting to come around more to AGPL these days.
In my Company, we do use such code. But its mainly because we distribute our own Propriatary Linux OS.
We sometimes need to change such code, so we just put it on Github as a fork.
Hello all,
If this is not the right community for this question, I would be happy to be redirected elsewhere, so just let me know.
I recently configured my terminal emulator to an aesthetic that I like (custom font, coloring, shell prompt, etc) and it has made me wonder about customization in gnome.
One of the biggest things that I wish I could change in gnome is the grey-ness of the application view.
In this screenshot, you can see the familiar application view. In between the organizing folders, the desktops, and the dock, there is just so much nothing.
I am wondering if it is possible to customize this relatively easily. I would much prefer an image of my own choosing in place of this, or at least a different color from time to time.
Is anyone aware if this is configurable? I can't seem to find an extension for this, or any real information on how you would do such a thing.
Thanks
Those who don't have the time or appetite to tweak/modify/troubleshoot their computers: What is your setup for a reliable and low-maintenance system?
Context:
I switched to Linux a couple of years ago (Debian 11/12). It took me a little while to learn new software and get things set up how I wanted, which I did and was fine.
I've had to replace my laptop though and install a distro (Fedora 41) with a newer kernel to make it work but even so, have had to fix a number of issues. This has also coincided with me having a lot less free time and being less interested in crafting my system and more interested in using it efficiently for tasks and creativity. I believe Debian 13 will have a new enough kernel to support my hardware out of the box and although it will still be a hassle for me to reinstall my OS again, I like the idea of getting it over with, starting again with something thoroughly tested and then not having to really touch anything for a couple of years. I don't need the latest software at all times.
I know there are others here who have similar priorities, whether due to time constraints, age etc.
Do you have any other recommendations?
You simply don't do any maintenance whatsoever.
t. Got a arch linux install that I (rarely) perform "sudo pacman -Syu --noconfirm" and it works like a champ.
Comparing a PC maintenance to leaving the keys outside the front door is too dramatic, to not say the least...
...unless you work at NASA and/or your PC is holding something too valuable/sensitive/high-priority for others to want to hack it "that badly" -- which I (highly) doubt it.
No it is
pandasecurity.com/en/mediacent…
And:
You're allowing for more attack vectors that would not be there if the system were to be patched. Depending on the severity of the vulnerability, this can result in something like crashes or something as bad as remote code execution, which means attackers can essentially do whatever they want with the pwned machine, such as dropping malware and such. If you wanna try this in action, just spin up a old EOL Windows machine and throw a bunch of metasploit payloads at it and see what you can get.While nothing sensitive may be going to or on the machine (which may seem to be the case but rarely is the case), this acts as an initial foothold in your environment and can be used as a jumpbox of sorts for the attacker to enumerate the rest of your network.
And:
Not having vulnerability fixes that are already public. Once a patch/update is released, it inherently exposes to a wider audience that a vulnerability exists (assuming we’re only talking about security updates). That then sets a target on all devices running that software that they are vulnerable until updated.There’s a reason after windows Patch Tuesday there is Exploit Wednesday.
Yes, a computer with vulnerabilities can allow access to others on the network. That’s what it means to step through a network. If computer A is compromised, computer B doesn’t know that so it will still have the same permissions as pre-compromise. If computer A was allowed admin access to computer B, now there are 2 compromised computers.
From reddit.com/r/cybersecurity/com…
Many recent cyberincidents in have shared one characteristic: they have been possible thanks to a vulnerability in an IT system that needed patches.Panda Security (Panda Security Mediacenter)
Nice cherry picking/moving the goalpost, but that is not how refuting works. A PC at NASA has a much higher "threat level" than my Orange pi zero 3, just chilling on the background. Which means, a potential "security hole" may prove harmful for these pcs... but it'll definitely not hurt me in the slightest.
And before you parrot with other links and/or excuses... yes, I'm not negating their existence. I'm just saying they are there... but, well... "who cares"? If anything, its much faster to set up my distro back up "just like never happened before" than performing any "maintenance" whatsoever. Again, "Common sense antivirus" reigns supreme here -- know what you are doing, and none of these things will matter.
You keep using the word "maintenance". All I'm worried about is not installing any security patches for months.
The problem that I tried to highlight with my "cherry picking" is:
So unless you have separated this Orange Pi into its own VLAN or done some other advanced router magic, the Orange Pi can reach, and thus more easily attack all your other devices on the network.
Unless you treat your entire home network as untrusted and have everything shut off on the computers where you do keep private data, the Orange Pi will still be a security risk to your entire home network, regardless of what can be found on the little machine itself.
A PeerTube instance, mainly to publish videos concerning my own projects, but open to a community of like-minded people.AbnormalBeingsTube
Approaching the end of window 10 and have no plans on upgrading to 11.
I am trying to find alternatives to applications I regularly use before jumping ship (it is mostly a gaming focused pc) any suggestions?
There’s oculus software for my vr but don’t know what I’m going to do with that
Small update: probably going to do Linux mint as that appears to be the most beginner friendly
Update two: that's a lot of comments, and Thanks for all the info
Off the top of my head:
Gmail or any email: Thunderbird is pretty sweet and I need to use it more, but mostly just use the web clients anyway.
If you own GoG games, you can use Heroic Launcher instead of GoG Galaxy. It's gotten amazingly good, really fast. :)
I'd recommend Lutris over Heroic both because it runs locally where Heroic is Electron, and because Lutris allows community-based native Linux ports for games where applicable, eg. for Ultima VII: The Black Gate + The Forge of Virtue, Lutris gives you the option of installing that game with Exult instead of DOSbox, for Tomb Raider and Tomb Raider II, you have the option to install those with OpenLara, for Doom 1 and 2, you have the option to install those with ZDoom, for Little Big Adventure, you can install that with the ScummVM runner, etc.
Also, at least for DOS games where you don't have the option to install a community-based modern port, you can use native DOSbox as a runner instead of Windows DOSbox as well through Lutris.
Oh, and one more bonus particularly for GOG games in Lutris' favor over Heroic, is Lutris uses the offline installers so that if anything ever goes wrong with any given GOG game, you can just reinstall from the offline installer where Heroic operates more like GOG Galaxy or Steam in that it's always downloaded from scratch.
Hey, points for Lutris! Thanks for sharing!
I've had issues in the past installing stuff with Lutris, although for advanced scenarios like using community engines and stuff, that's really cool. I definitely have both installed on my machine for different reasons. Lutris handles EA / Origin stuff pretty well. (Titanfall 2 and Sims 2 Ultimate (not the Steam one) run beautifully on Linux, truly glorious!)
Electron annoys me as well, but I will say that I appreciate how Heroic hooks into GoG APIs.
It handles auto-updates, cloud saving, play time logging, that kinda stuff that made Galaxy decent and had a degree of convenience-parity with Steam.
(Maybe Lutris does this too now?)
For a complete newbie , I'd say Heroic has a bit of a smoother and expected ramp to just "Download game and run." But if you want more control, Lutris definitely has more options!
I also can't recommend Bottles enough for other games that aren't from distribution platforms. Shockingly simple.
If a tool (or distro) works well for you, it's a good option. Everyone has different opinions on the "best" distro, but since it's very subjective, there is no single "best" distro. There's only 2 distros I recommend against, that's Ubuntu (and close spin-offs) and Manjaro, because they have major objective downsides compared to equivalents like Mint or Endeavour. The distros I generally recommend to new users are Mint and Fedora, but feel free to look around, you're not forced to pick a specific one.
You noted you were likely going to choose Linux Mint, great! It's a "stable" distro, as in, it doesn't change much with small updates. Instead, new release versions (23, 24, 25, etc) come with new changes. Linux Mint comes with an App Store that can install from Flathub, which should be the first place to check for installing new applications.
As for VR, it depends heavily on which exact headset you have, and is not always a great experience on Linux right now (speaking from experience with an Index). The LVRA wiki is a great starting place: lvra.gitlab.io/. If you're on a Quest, WiVRN and ALVR exist, though they both have their own downsides. If you're on a PCVR headset from Oculus, your options are more limited. You might also want to consider a different distro, as VR development is moving very fast. Many VR users choose to go with a "harder" rolling release distribution, like EndeavourOS, to receive feature updates quicker.
Also of note, if you have the storage space, you can choose to "dual boot" (even with just one drive). This will give you a menu to choose between Windows and Linux when starting your computer, and will give you time to move stuff over. I generally recommend this, as it provides an option to immediately do a task you know how to do on Windows, when it's absolutely required to do the task asap.
Welcome to the LVRA Wiki # A collection of links, useful resources and guides for the amazing world of VR on Linux. Feel free to contribute to this wiki yourself if you find anything useful that you might want to share with others.Linux VR Adventures Wiki
3 years ago I needed a new computer and decided on an 16 inch M1 Macbook Pro, but did lots of overthinking about if I wanted to stick to it. I tried Asahi Linux didn't have any reasons at the time to use linux over macOS (but there was always the chance I might later), the build quality is 2nd to none, none of my Windows laptops lasted more than a few years.
3 years later, I've really been itching to switch to Linux. Two of several reasons: because its DEs are more customizable, it has better documented accessibility APIs if you want to make keyboard navigation software. I reinstalled Asahi Linux and really tried to make it my daily driver, but the lacks of apps would require me to dual boot: Photoshop and Roblox.
I researching again for computers closest to Macbook Pros but none of them come close to its build quality. I think it would be best for me to make my own desktop PC for linux. I don't think I'd fare well with another windows laptop brand.
9 years and 4 months ago I bought an Acer laptop with a 4 core Intel Skylake with hyperthreading (i7-6700HQ) and a Nvidia GTX 960M, because the laptop I had was slow for compiling in my classes at Uni, and I wanted a discrete GPU for the occasional game when away from my Desktop PC (winter break and such (still use it for that btw)). I regretted that three times:
On my Desktop PC I have used AMD GPUs for quite a while and dual booting Windows and Linux has always been a breeze.
Discover what's new in GNOME, the distraction-free computing platform.GNOME Release Notes
I look forward to Digital Wellbeing.
Considering Gnome 48 won't hit stable distros any time soon, any recommendations for alternatives?
promitheas
in reply to mazzilius_marsti • • •bdonvr
in reply to promitheas • • •Wait why do people want escape there???
I like the backspace there like Colemak has. I can do Fn-Backspace(capslock) to activate Caps Lock but that's something I added to my Keyboard separately.
☂️-
in reply to promitheas • • •gnuhaut
in reply to mazzilius_marsti • • •It's option
caps:escape_shifted_capslockI think.You can look through
/usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/base.lstfor all the options.Edit: Just looked up when this was added, this is a new option from 2024:
gitlab.freedesktop.org/xkeyboa…
Add option `caps:ctrl_shifted_capslock` (6bf17ba7) · Commits · xkbdesc / xkeyboard-config · GitLab
GitLabdegen
in reply to mazzilius_marsti • • •I use keyd for software remapping now, and I like it a lot more than xkb's esoteric options. It has functionality for layers like layer:C, where any "passthrough" input will have the defined modifier (or combo like C-S-M), but you can define whatever other bindings inside.
Long story short, I've used it to remap caps, control, shift (with a custom shift layer for some symbols), and meta, with overloads, double tap/hold into layers, oneshots, timeouts, and all sorts of (surprisingly fluid) nonsense. It's so much easier than wading through xkb options for me.
To sidestep the question slightly less, I always got rid of capslock altogether instead of swapping. That still leaves true escape to be hit accidentally, but I think there should be an option to change escape too?
Edit: what I always used was
from here
Smart Caps Lock: Remap Caps Lock to Control AND Escape
Gist